scholarly journals Biodegradation of petroleum by bacteria isolated from fishes of Indian Ocean

2022 ◽  
Vol 82 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Ullah ◽  
N. Ali ◽  
F. U. Dawar ◽  
M. Nughman ◽  
M. Rauf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Engine Oil ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Bacillus Flexus ◽  
Degrading Bacteria ◽  
Oil Components ◽  
Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Commercial Applications

Abstract In this study, oil degrading bacteria discovered from fish living near the oil ports at Karachi in Pakistan were characterized. The bacteria isolated from skin, gills, and gut in fish could consume crude oil as a source of carbon and energy. Total 36 isolates were tested using Nutrient Agar (NA) and MSA media with different crude oil concentrations (0.2%, 0.5%, 0.7%, 1%, 2%, and 5%) and 4 out of 36 isolates (two Gram positive and two Gram negative bacteria) were selected for further identification. 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed that the isolates are related to Bacillus velezensis, Bacillus flexus, Pseudomonas brenneri and Pseudomonas azotoforman. Oil degrading potential of these bacteria was characterized by GC-MS analysis of degradation of oil components in crude oil as well as engine oil. We found that one (2, 6, 10, 14-Tetramethylpentadecane) out of 42 components in the crude oil was fully eliminated and the other oil components were reduced. In addition, 26 out of 42 oil components in the engine oil, were fully eliminated and the rest were amended. Taken together, these studies identify that B. velezensis, B. flexus, P. brenneri and P. azotoforman have high oil degrading potential, which may be useful for degradation of oil pollutants and other commercial applications.

scholarly journals Isolation and Identification of Sodium Fluoroacetate Degrading Bacteria from Caprine Rumen in Brazil

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Expedito K. A. Camboim ◽  
Arthur P. Almeida ◽  
Michelle Z. Tadra-Sfeir ◽  
Felício G. Junior ◽  
Paulo P. Andrade ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Poisonous Plants ◽  
Degrading Bacteria ◽  
Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Orbital Shaker

The objective of this paper was to report the isolation of two fluoroacetate degrading bacteria from the rumen of goats. The animals were adult goats, males, crossbred, with rumen fistula, fed with hay, and native pasture. The rumen fluid was obtained through the rumen fistula and immediately was inoculated 100 μL in mineral medium added with 20 mmol L−1sodium fluoroacetate (SF), incubated at 39°C in an orbital shaker.Pseudomonas fluorescens(strain DSM 8341) was used as positive control for fluoroacetate dehalogenase activity. Two isolates were identified by 16S rRNA gene sequencing asPigmentiphaga kullae(ECPB08) andAncylobacter dichloromethanicus(ECPB09). These bacteria degraded sodium fluoroacetate, releasing 20 mmol L−1of fluoride ion after 32 hours of incubation in Brunner medium containing 20 mmol L−1of SF. There are no previous reports of fluoroacetate dehalogenase activity forP. kullaeandA. dichloromethanicus. Control measures to prevent plant intoxication, including use of fences, herbicides, or other methods of eliminating poisonous plants, have been unsuccessful to avoid poisoning by fluoroacetate containing plants in Brazil. In this way,P. kullaeandA. dichloromethanicusmay be used to colonize the rumen of susceptible animals to avoid intoxication by fluoroacetate containing plants.

Comparative Study on Rate of Biodegradation of Diluted Bitumen and Conventional Oil in Fresh Water

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 (1) ◽  
pp. 2256-2267
Author(s):  
Ruta Suresh Deshpande ◽  
Devi Sundaravadivelu ◽  
Pablo Campo ◽  
Jorge W. SantoDomingo ◽  
Robyn N. Conmy
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Culture ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Sequencing Analysis ◽  
Dispersed Oil ◽  
Degradation Rates ◽  
Degrading Bacteria ◽  
Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Set Up

Abstract 2017-271 In recent years, diluted bitumen (or dilbit) has become an important source of hydrocarbon-based fuel. While information on the degradation of crude oils has been well researched, dilbit degradation has been studied at a much lesser extent. The objective of this study was to compare biodegradation of dilbit with a conventional crude oil (CCO) under various conditions. Two different microcosm experiments were set up, one containing a mixed culture acclimated to dilbit (Kalamazoo River Enrichment, KRC) and the other having a mixed culture enriched on soil contaminated with hydrocarbons (Anderson Ferry Enrichment, AFC). The microcosms were run for 60 d at 25 °C and for 72 days at 5 °C in flasks containing sterile Bushnell Hass broth and naturally dispersed oil. Each flask was inoculated with the KRC and AFC mixed cultures, and rotated on an orbital shaker (200 rpm) at the above stated temperatures. On each sampling day, triplicates were sacrificed to determine the residual hydrocarbon concentration. Additionally, some samples were used to determine the bacterial composition using 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis. Hydrocarbon analysis (alkanes and PAHs) was performed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS/MS). Higher degradation rates were achieved at 25 °C as compared to 5 °C. All the enrichments metabolized CCO as well dilbit, but the nature and extent of the degradation was distinct. KRC meso culture was the most effective among all, as it completely removed alkanes and most of the PAHs. AFC enrichment performed differently at the two temperatures; an acclimation period (8 d) was observed at 5 °C while there was no lag at 25 °C. KRC cryo culture as well as AFC culture at both temperatures degraded alkanes completely while they were not able to metabolize heavier fractions of the oil (C2–4 homologues of 3- and 4-ring compounds). All cultures showed the presence of diverse oil degrading bacteria and the differences in their compositions affected the biodegradation. Although dilbit was biodegraded, for all the treatments except AFC at 5 °C, the rate of degradation and the extent of degradation was greater for CCO owing to the higher concentrations of lighter hydrocarbons.

scholarly journals Identification of Proteus Mirabilis on Banknotes Using 16s rRNA gene in Khartoum State

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 175
Author(s):  
Alaa Abdalla Mukhtar ◽  
Noha Ahmed Abd Alfadil ◽  
Malik Suliman Mohamed ◽  
Hisham N Altayb ◽  
Salaheldein G Elzaki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Proteus Mirabilis ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Health Hazard ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Klebsiella Spp

Background The presence of pathogenic bacteria in circulated currency was recorded as a public health hazard. In this study, all examined Sudanese banknotes (100%) were found to be contaminated by gram negative bacteria. Proteus mirabilis were recovered from ten examined notes (22.2%, f=10), E.coli (13.3%, f= 6) and Klebsiella spp. (8.9%, f= 4) were also identified. Only the most resistant Proteus mirabilis isolate was identified using culture-based and 16S rRNA gene sequencing techniques.

scholarly journals Dissection of the gut microbiota in mothers and children with chronic Trichuris trichiura infection in Pemba Island, Tanzania

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongliang Chen ◽  
Matteo Mozzicafreddo ◽  
Elisa Pierella ◽  
Vanessa Carletti ◽  
Angela Piersanti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Neglected Tropical Diseases ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Intestinal Microbiome ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Pemba Island ◽  
Life Years ◽  
Degrading Bacteria ◽  
Mothers And Children ◽  
Rrna Gene Sequencing

Abstract Background Soil-transmitted helminthiases are important neglected tropical diseases that result in a notably high number of disability-adjusted life years worldwide. Characterizing the interactions between the human intestinal microbiome and helminths is of interest in the development of alternative treatments that do not rely on chemotherapeutics and do not lead to drug resistance. Methods We recruited and obtained fecal samples from 32 pairs of mothers and children on Pemba Island and monitored their intestinal microbiota using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Results We observed that microbial changes occur in the gut microbiota of infected mothers and children. Some short-chain fatty acid (SCFA)-producing bacteria and carbohydrate-degrading bacteria exhibited lower abundance in the infected individuals. Potentially pathogenic Campylobacter and proinflammatory Methanobrevibacter in infected mothers and opportunistic Enterococcus in infected children exhibited greater abundance. Conclusions Our findings could reveal the microbiota profiling in T. trichiura-infected individuals, indicate the potential roles of key microbiota in the host and aid to the development of novel strategies to control T. trichiura infection. Graphic abstract

scholarly journals In silico analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequencing based methods for identification of medically important aerobic Gram-negative bacteria

2011 ◽  
Vol 60 (9) ◽  
pp. 1281-1286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jade L. L. Teng ◽  
Ming-Yiu Yeung ◽  
Geoffrey Yue ◽  
Rex K. H. Au-Yeung ◽  
Eugene Y. H. Yeung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Gene Sequencing ◽  
In Silico Analysis ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Silico Analysis

scholarly journals Isolation of High Lignolytic Bacteria from Termites’s Gut as Potential Booster in for Enhanced Biogas Production

2020 ◽  
pp. 19-23
Author(s):  
U. S. Anukam ◽  
J. N. Ogbulie ◽  
C. Akujuobi ◽  
W. Braide
Keyword(s):  
Lignin Degradation ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Lignin Content ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Morganella Morganii ◽  
Degrading Bacteria ◽  
Biological Conversion ◽  
Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
The 16S Rrna Gene

Bacteria strain capable of degrading lignin, cellulose and hemicellulose were isolated from wood Feeding termite gut using spread plate technique. The 16S rRNA gene sequencing methodology was adopted in the identification of the isolate. The isolate’s Morganella morganii (strain S4L2C (MH745964) were found to have a high lignin degradation potential. The organism was able to reduce the lignin content of rice straw from 17.43% to 7.29% after 30 days of pretreatment with 53.27% reduction of the lignin content. This study revealed that termite’s gut bacteria are Potential sources of lignocellulose degrading bacteria for the biological conversion of biomass to biogas production.

scholarly journals Production and Characterization of Keratinolytic Protease from New Wool-DegradingBacillusSpecies Isolated from Egyptian Ecosystem

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed A. Hassan ◽  
Bakry M. Haroun ◽  
Amro A. Amara ◽  
Ehab A. Serour
Keyword(s):  
Serine Protease ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Maximum Activity ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Degrading Bacteria ◽  
Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Potential Use ◽  
Wool Industry

Novel keratin-degrading bacteria were isolated from sand soil samples collected from Minia Governorate, Egypt. In this study, the isolates were identified asBacillus amyloliquefaciensMA20 andBacillus subtilisMA21 based on morphological and biochemical characteristics as well as 16S rRNA gene sequencing.B. amyloliquefaciensMA20 andB. subtilisMA21 produced alkaline keratinolytic serine protease when cultivated in mineral medium containing 1% of wool straight off sheep as sole carbon and nitrogen source. The two strains were observed to degrade wool completely to powder at pH 7 and 37°C within 5 days. Under these conditions the maximum activity of proteases produced byB. amyloliquefaciensMA20 andB. subtilisMA21 was 922 and 814 U/ml, respectively. The proteases exhibited optimum temperature and pH at 60°C and 9, respectively. However, the keratinolytic proteases were stable in broad range of temperature and pH values towards casein Hammerstein. Furthermore the protease inhibitor studies indicated that the produced proteases belong to serine protease because of their sensitivity to PMSF while they were inhibited partially in presence of EDTA. The two proteases are stable in most of the used organic solvents and enhanced by metals suggesting their potential use in biotechnological applications such as wool industry.

scholarly journals The Genus Hafnia: from Soup to Nuts

2006 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Michael Janda ◽  
Sharon L. Abbott
Keyword(s):  
16S Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Gram Negative Bacteria ◽  
Gastrointestinal Pathogen ◽  
The Family ◽  
Sequencing Studies ◽  
Bona Fide ◽  
Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Systemic Infections

SUMMARY The genus Hafnia, a member of the family Enterobacteriaceae, consists of gram-negative bacteria that are occasionally implicated in both intestinal and extraintestinal infections in humans. Despite the fact that the genus currently contains only a single species (H. alvei), more extensive phylogenetic depth (two or more species) is apparent based upon DNA relatedness and 16S rRNA gene sequencing studies. Hafnia causes a variety of systemic infections, including septicemia and pneumonia; however, its role as a gastrointestinal pathogen is controversial. Many of the data supporting a role for hafniae as enteric pathogens were incorrectly attributed to this genus rather than to the actual pathogen, Escherichia albertii. There are numerous gaps in our understanding of this genus, including ecologic habitats and population genetics, disease-producing role in animals, phenetic and genetic methods useful in distinguishing genomospecies within the H. alvei complex, and bona fide pathogenicity factors.

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