scholarly journals Community structure and tree diversity in a subtropical forest in southern Brazil

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kauane Maiara Bordin ◽  
Letícia Daiana Ferreira ◽  
Adriano Rosina ◽  
Marciana Malacarne ◽  
Patricia Zanotelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Taxonomic Diversity ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Subtropical Forest ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Floristic Similarity ◽  
Thermal Amplitude ◽  
Linkage Method

Abstract: Local and regional environmental variations lead to different species composition, creating transitional areas. An example is the Araucaria and Seasonal forest in southern Brazil. Our objectives were (1) to describe the tree community structure and composition of a subtropical forest in southern Brazil and (2) to compare the floristic relationships between two forest typologies (Araucaria and Seasonal forest) in order to characterize the study area and the distribution patterns of tree species. We conducted a survey at Chapecó National Forest (in southern Brazil) in an area of 1.2 ha, where all individuals ≥ 30 cm of circumference at breast height were sampled. Community structure was described using the traditional phytosociological parameters. The floristic relationships were obtained by comparing our results with compiled data from other scientific papers through cluster analyses using an unweighted average linkage method, based on Jaccard similarity coefficient. We sampled 809 individuals belonging to 61 species and 28 families. The richest family was Fabaceae and Coussarea contracta (Walp.) Müll.Arg. was the most abundant species. Taxonomic diversity was 3.06 and the evenness was 0.74. The floristic similarity revealed that species composition of our study area is more similar to Seasonal forest. Species composition is related to environmental factors such as great thermal amplitude and seasonality. This subtropical forest is well structured, highly diverse and extremely important for the local and regional biodiversity conservation.

Mesostigmatic mites (Acari: Mesostigmata) in nests of the Eurasian griffon vulture (Gyps fulvus) in Croatia

Biologia ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerzy Błoszyk ◽  
Tvrtko Dražina ◽  
Dariusz Gwiazdowicz ◽  
Bruce Halliday ◽  
Bartłomiej Gołdyn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Dominant Species ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Birds Of Prey ◽  
Griffon Vulture ◽  
Gyps Fulvus

AbstractWe examined the species composition and community structure of mites of the order Mesostigmata (Acari) in nests of the Eurasian griffon vulture (Gyps fulvus Hablizl, 1783) in Croatia. Material collected from 18 nests included 565 mites belonging to seven species. The most abundant species were Leiodinychus orbicularis (C.L. Koch, 1839) (Trematuridae) and Androlaelaps casalis (Berlese, 1887) (Laelapidae). The results were compared with the community structure and frequency of dominant species of Mesostigmata in nests of 32 other bird species. Leiodinychus orbicularis occurred in the nests of 13 species of birds. It is a typical nidicolous species which occurs most frequently in the perennial nests of birds of prey. In contrast, A. casalis rarely occurs in the nests of birds of prey.

scholarly journals Ecology of phlebotomines (Diptera, Psychodidae) in rural foci of leishmaniasis in tropical Brazil

2012 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 696-700 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clara Maria Lima Silva ◽  
Leandro Santos Moraes ◽  
Gustavo Almeida Brito ◽  
Ciro Libio Caldas dos Santos ◽  
José Manuel Macário Rebêlo
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Rain Forest ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Lutzomyia Longipalpis ◽  
Light Traps ◽  
Rural Villages ◽  
High Level ◽  
Santa Maria ◽  
Permutation Analysis

INTRODUCTION: This work aimed to study the community structure of sandflies, with regard to the richness, constancy, abundance, and monthly frequency of the species with a focus on the transmission of leishmaniasis. METHODS: The study was conducted in the rural villages of Bom Jardim and Santa Maria, situated on the edge of a tropical rain forest in the municipality of São Jose de Ribamar, Maranhão, Brazil. The phlebotomines were captured in the intradomiciles and peridomiciles of each village, with Centers for Disease Control (CDC) light traps set in 10 homes in each village, for 1 year, once a month, from 18h to 6h. RESULTS: We collected 1,378 individuals of 16 sandfly species. The capture success rate was higher in Bom Jardim (0.61 specimens/hour/trap) than that of Santa Maria (0.35/specimens/hour/trap). The sandflies were more abundant in the peridomiciles (86.1%) and in the rainy season (77%). Five species were considered constants (occurring in more than 50% of samples), 5 accessory (25%-50%), and 6 accidental (<25%). The most abundant species were Lutzomyia longipalpis (59.7%) and L whitmani (28%). The permutation analysis showed differences between the species composition of the villages and no separation between the intradomicile and peridomicile of each village. The species that most contributed to the dissimilarity between the light traps of the 2 villages were L. longipalpis, L. whitmani, and L. evandroi, contributing to 80.8% of the variation among groups. CONCLUSIONS: The high level of richness and abundance of species and the presence of competent vectors throughout the year and around houses justify the occurrence of leishmaniasis cases reported in the area.

scholarly journals Environmental factors predicting fish community structure in two neotropical rivers in Brazil

2007 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yzel Rondon Súarez ◽  
Miguel Petrere Júnior
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Species Distribution ◽  
Fish Community ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Longitudinal Variation ◽  
Fish Community Structure ◽  
Gill Nets ◽  
The Difference

In order to assess the organization patterns of the fish communities in the Jogui and Iguatemi rivers, we collected fish with gill nets tri-monthly from November 1999 to August 2000. Hypostomus ancistroides and Parauchenipterus galeatus were the most abundant species in the Jogui and Iguatemi rivers, respectively. Longitudinal variation was more important than seasonal in determining the species composition in both rivers, and the difference between seasons was not statistically significant. Altitude was the most important factor determining species distribution.

scholarly journals Seasonal pattern of Chrysomelidae (Coleoptera) in the state of Paraná, southern Brazil

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 153-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adelita Maria Linzmeier ◽  
Cibele Stramare Ribeiro-Costa
Keyword(s):  
Host Plants ◽  
Seasonal Pattern ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
The State ◽  
Seasonal Patterns ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
The Family ◽  
Family Level ◽  
And Behavior

The aim of this paper was to describe the seasonal patterns of Chrysomelidae and of its most abundant species at eight sites in different geomorphological and floristic regions in the state of Paraná, southern Brazil. Samples with Malaise traps, from August 1986 to July 1988 were performed. The Chrysomelidae showed seasonal patterns with the highest abundance in the spring and/or summer at all sites, but with variations in the months of highest captures. Photoperiod was the variable that most influenced the seasonality of Chrysomelidae, and along with temperature and relative humidity, determined most of the seasonal patterns of the family at the different sites. Some dominant species of Chrysomelidae showed different seasonal pattern compared to the family level. A better knowledge of the seasonal distribution patterns of these species will only be possible when their life history, such as host plants and behavior, was better understood.

Distribution patterns and population dynamics of adult mosquitoes (diptera: culicidae) in southern israel

1987 ◽  
Vol 77 (3) ◽  
pp. 477-486 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Margalit ◽  
Ch. Dimentman ◽  
J. Danon
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
New Records ◽  
Mosquito Species ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Total Catch ◽  
Spatial And Temporal Patterns ◽  
Aedes Detritus ◽  
First Time

AbstractThe species composition and population dynamics of mosquito adults trapped at 76 sites in southern Israel are described. Almost 200 000 specimens representing 23 species were collected. Five species, Aedes detritus (Haliday), Culiseta subochrea (Edwards), Culex antennatus (Becker), Cx. martinii Medschid and Cx. poicilipes (Theobald), are new records for this area, with Cx. poicilipes being recorded for the first time outside Africa. Six types of distribution patterns were discerned. The most abundant species was Cx. pipiens L. (79·7% of the total catch) followed by Ae. caspius (Pallas) (10%), Anopheles sergentii (Theobald) (2·1%), An. tenebrosus Dönitz (1·8%) and Cx. perexiguus Theobald (1·3%). All other species found each made up less than 1%. The spatial and temporal patterns of mosquito species in southern Israel are discussed.

Effects of macroinfauna sediment disturbance on nematode vertical distribution

2006 ◽  
Vol 86 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.K. Pinto ◽  
M.C. Austen ◽  
C.E. Bemvenuti
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Vertical Distribution ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Trophic Groups ◽  
Southern Brazil ◽  
Sediment Disturbance ◽  
Subtropical Estuary ◽  
Sediment Layers ◽  
Deposit Feeding ◽  
The Vertical Distribution

Within a subtropical estuary in southern Brazil, an experiment was carried out to test the hypotheses that the deposit feeding macrofaunal polychaete Laeonereis acuta affects nematode community structure and the vertical distribution patterns of nematodes in sediments. Inclusion cages were deployed with two different densities of the polychaete and meiofaunal nematodes were sampled from six different vertical sediment layers: 0–1, 1–2, 2–4, 4–6, 6–8 and 8–10 cm depth. Although L. acuta did change the vertical distribution of both nematode and trophic groups in the sediment, allowing nematodes to inhabit deeper sediment layers, there were no apparent effects of different polychaete densities.

scholarly journals Influence of Tree Species Composition and Community Structure on Carbon Density in a Subtropical Forest

PLoS ONE ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. e0136984 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanqiu Hu ◽  
Zhiyao Su ◽  
Wenbin Li ◽  
Jingpeng Li ◽  
Xiandong Ke
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Subtropical Forest ◽  
Carbon Density ◽  
Tree Species Composition

scholarly journals Distribution pattern and community structure of zoanthids (Zoantharia) along the coast of Saurashtra, Gujarat, India

2015 ◽  
Vol 96 (8) ◽  
pp. 1577-1584 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonia Kumari ◽  
P.U. Zacharia ◽  
V. Kripa ◽  
K.R. Sreenath ◽  
Grinson George
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
High Tide ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Intertidal Zones ◽  
Climate Change Effects ◽  
New Information ◽  
Saurashtra Coast ◽  
Line Intercept

Coral reef environments support a great diversity of benthic organisms, of which zoanthids form an integral part. Studies have been carried out regarding the degradation of coral reefs and changes in community structure under the present dynamics of climatic change. Zoanthids are dominant among the observed fauna in these degrading reef ecosystems. Zoanthids are observed at mid and lower intertidal zones beyond 20 m from highest high tide level. In the present study, distribution patterns of zoanthid species along three coastal villages of Saurashtra coast, Gujarat were studied. Line intercept transect method was performed to assess the zoanthid coverage. A total of seven species of zoanthids were recorded during the survey. Palythoa mutuki formed the abundant species in the area with 45.99% coverage, followed by Zoanthus sansibaricus with 33.67% and Zoanthus cf. sansibaricus with 12.26% coverage. Abiotic parameters (sea surface temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, pH) and nutrient data (ammonia, phosphate, total suspended solids and nitrate) were also recorded during sampling to determine their influence on zoanthid colonies. Higher levels of DO were found to favour the growth of Palythoa mutuki and Isaurus tuberculatus, whereas increased SST was tolerated by Palythoa tuberculosa only. Ammonia and phosphate were negatively impacting the growth of Palythoa mutuki and Zoanthus spp. The study provides new information on quantitative zoanthid distribution and the dynamic changes exhibited by zoanthids in relation to various environmental parameters. Zoanthids could be looked upon as an adaptive species which may support reef resurgence in degraded reefs under stress from climate change effects.

scholarly journals Composition and seasonality of an Amphipod community assoiated to the algae Bryocladia trysigera

2002 ◽  
Vol 62 (4a) ◽  
pp. 735-742 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. T. VALÉRIO-BERARDO ◽  
M. N. FLYNN
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Rocky Shore ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Predation Pressure ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Winter Period ◽  
Amphipod Species

The monthly fluctuations of amphipods associated to the algae Bryocladia trysigera was described from March 1997 to February 1998 at the rocky shore known as Poço de Anchieta in the Peruíbe Beach, Itanhaém, Southeastern Brazil. A total of 75,344 individuals were sampled, belonging to 10 species and 9 families. Three species dominated the phytal in number: Hyale nigra, Caprella danileviskii and Caprella penantis. Despite the alternation in dominance of the 3 most abundant species, the amphipod species composition remained generally unchanged, so that the majority of the species were observed in all sampling months. The temporally changing pattern of the community structure, with a decline in amphipod abundance in winter followed by an increase in spring, was probably due to a higher predation pressure in winter period.

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