Identification of variability for agronomically important traits in rice mutant families

ABSTRACT The increase of yield potential in new rice (Oryza sativa L.) varieties has been a major challenge for genetic improvement. The generation of mutants, followed by their characterization, constitutes a great possibility to isolate and select genes and genotypes that present agronomic traits of interest. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of chemical mutagen ethyl methane sulphonate (EMS) on agronomic traits in 340 M3 families of rice derived from BRS Querência cultivar. Seeds from each family and the original genotype BRS Querência were sown in the experimental field, and the characters main panicle length, main panicle weight, main panicle grain weight, flag leaf width and plant height were evaluated. Data were subjected to analysis of variance (p ≤ 0.05), and a comparison of means was carried out by Dunnett's test at 5% significance. The results show that there is genetic variability among the mutant families, suggesting that the mutagen EMS at 1.5% is effective for generating mutants for all assessed traits. Among the characters, plant height was the most affected by the mutagen, which provided an increase in the character. For the main panicle length character, seven families showed means above the control; for main panicle weight and grain weight, four and six mutant families were observed, respectively, with a superior performance in comparison to the control.

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Comparing Correlation Coefficients and Path Analysis in Different Populations of Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology ◽

10.9734/cjast/2020/v39i3731082 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-11

Author(s):

Anjani Kumar ◽

D. N. Singh ◽

Krishna Prasad ◽

Avinash Pandey

Keyword(s):

Path Analysis ◽

Plant Height ◽

Harvest Index ◽

Oryza Sativa L ◽

Grain Weight ◽

Path Coefficient ◽

Panicle Length ◽

Biomass Harvest ◽

Different Populations ◽

Positive Effect

This study performed to determine the correlation, their comparison and path coefficients of yield and yield contributing characters by using F2 (BPT-5204 /IR-64Drt1) their two parents separately and the joint parental populations. In this study, the computations for testing the significance of the difference between the 15 traits of different populations of rice determined from 324 F2, 9 IR-64Drt1 (P1), 9 BPT-5204 (P2) and 18 joint parental population. Results showed that the correlation of F2 indicated that the number of total tillers per plant, number of panicles per plant, plant height, panicle length, biomass, harvest index and yield per panicle were positive and significant association with yield per plant. Correlation of IR-64Drt1 stated that the plant height, panicle length, biomass and harvest index were positive and significant association with yield per plant. Correlation of BPT-5204 shown that the secondary branches per panicle and hundred-grain weight exhibited positive and significant association with yield per panicle. Correlation of the joint parent indicated that the plant height, panicle length, grain length, grain width, hundred-grain weight, biomass, harvest index and yield per panicle had exhibited positive and significant association with yield per plant. Path coefficient analysis indicated that harvest index had the highest direct positive effect (0.582) on yield per plant in the F2 population. However, the panicles per plant had the highest direct positive effect (1.481) on yield per plant IR-64Drt1 population. The total tillers per plant had the highest direct positive effect (1.821) on yield per plant in BPT-5204 population. In the joint population of BPT-5204 and IR-64Drt1, path analysis of yield components revealed that the biomass had the highest direct positive effect (0.658) on yield per plant. Information obtained in this study revealed that traits, the harvest index, biomass and panicles per plant are suggested as selection indices for grain yield improvement at segregating populations of rice.

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Agro-morphological Variation in 71 Traditional Rice Cultivars in Sri Lanka

International Journal of Plant & Soil Science ◽

10.9734/ijpss/2019/v27i430083 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 1-16

Author(s):

A. L. Ranawake ◽

M. J. Hewage ◽

N. G. J. Pradeepika ◽

G. W. D. K. Jayasinghe

Keyword(s):

Sri Lanka ◽

Plant Height ◽

Grain Weight ◽

Total Biomass ◽

Rice Cultivars ◽

Panicle Length ◽

Days To Maturity ◽

Final Yield ◽

Traditional Rice ◽

Panicle Weight

Traditional rice cultivars in Sri Lanka have diverse characteristics that prove the excellent potential for utilizing them for varietal improvement. Seventy-one Sri Lankan traditional rice cultivars obtained from Plant Genetic Resources Center, Gannoruwa, Sri Lanka were used for diversity analysis. Data were collected in the middle-row-plants of each replicate and altogether 80 plants were evaluated in four replicates of each cultivar. Data were collected on 11 parameters in two consecutive Maha seasons in 2012-2014. According to the standard evaluation system of international rice research institute, 67% rice cultivars were tall, and 66% were low tillering. There was no any rice cultivar with high and good reproductive tillers/plant. Around 55% rice cultivars were partially sterile and 43% were fertile. The shortest days to maturity was recorded in Gonabaru (62 days) and the longest days to maturity was recorded in Vellainellu (105 days). The variation of agro-morphological characteristics was broad in studied rice cultivars: The recorded highest yield was 22.74 g/plant while the lowest was 1.55 g/plant. The hundred-grain-weight ranged from 3.49-1.27 g and the plant height ranged from 95-192 cm. The recorded highest number of total tillers per plant was 10 and the lowest was 3. Panicle length and panicle weight were ranged from 13-32 cm and 0.36-4.69 g consecutively. The smallest grains were in Herath and the largest grains were in Mudaliwi. The heaviest above ground biomass was achieved by Kallurundoivellai and its harvest index was the least (0.09). The highest filled grain percentage (91.48%) was recorded by Galpa Wee. The correlation analysis revealed that the yield per plant was significantly correlated with panicle weight, the total number of spikelets/panicle and number of fertile spikelets/panicle. There was no correlation between panicle length and the final yield of rice though panicle length was correlated with plant height and panicle weight. Total number of spikelets/panicle, the number of fertile spikelets/panicle, and plant height were significantly correlated with panicle weight. None of the parameters were correlated with hundred grain weight. Total biomass was correlated with plant height, the total number of spikelets, and fertile spikelets per panicle. There was no significant correlation between the biomass of rice with the final yield, however, a number of fertile tillers were correlated with a number of total tillers. Eleven parameters were sorted into four principal components that explained 87.44% of total variance and cluster analysis categorized the rice cultivars into six clusters at rescaled cluster distance 10 in Ward's linkage analysis.

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Genetic Diversity in Sadajira Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Germplasm

The Agriculturists ◽

10.3329/agric.v12i1.19576 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 26-32 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

MZ Islam ◽

MA Siddique ◽

ESMH Rashid ◽

MS Ahmed ◽

M Khalequzzaman

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Plant Height ◽

Flag Leaf ◽

Mean Value ◽

Grain Weight ◽

Yield Potential ◽

Growth Duration ◽

Panicle Number ◽

Cluster Distance ◽

1000 Grain Weight

Genetic diversity of 40 traditional Bangladeshi rice genotypes was studied under rainfed condition through Mahalanobis D2 statistic for grain yield and yield contributing characters. The genotypes were grouped into six clusters. The inter-cluster distances were higher than intra-cluster distances indicating wider genetic diversity among the genotypes of different clusters. The intra-cluster distances were lower in all the cases reflecting homogeneity of the genotypes within the clusters. The cluster VI contained the highest number of genotypes (18) and the clusters I and II contained the lowest (1). The highest intra-cluster distance was noticed for the cluster IV and lowest for cluster VI. The highest inter-cluster distance was observed between cluster I and IV, followed by cluster I and II, cluster I and III and the lowest between cluster III and IV. Regarding inter-cluster distance, the genotypes of cluster IV showed high genetic distance from all other clusters. The genotypes from cluster IV could be hybridized with the genotypes of other clusters for producing transgressive segregants. Based on canonical vector analysis, panicle number per plant and 1000 grain weight had maximum contribution towards genetic divergence. The highest cluster means for yield, filled grains panicle-1 and grain breadth were obtained from cluster VI. The highest means for plant height, flag leaf area, unfilled grains panicle-1, harvest index and the lowest growth duration were found in cluster I, while the lowest mean value for yield, grain length, 1000 grain weight, plant height and highest mean value for days to flowering and maturity were found in cluster II. The crosses between the genotypes/parents of cluster VI and cluster II, cluster VI and cluster V would exhibit high heterosis as well as higher level of yield potential. Therefore, more emphasis should be given for selection of the genotypes from clusters I, VI and V for future breeding program. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/agric.v12i1.19576The Agriculturists 2014; 12(1) 26-32

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Appearance of Some Black Rice Genotype (Oryza Sativa L.) In Two Type of Agroecosystems in the Dried Land of Central Lombok District

International Journal of Multicultural and Multireligious Understanding ◽

10.18415/ijmmu.v6i5.1152 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (5) ◽

pp. 742

Author(s):

L. Sofian ◽

I Gusti Putu Muliarta Aryana ◽

Kisman Kisman

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Leaf Area ◽

Plant Height ◽

Environmental Changes ◽

Block Design ◽

Grain Weight ◽

Panicle Length ◽

Black Rice ◽

Special Adaptation ◽

Panicle Weight

The purpose of this study was to determine the appearance of black rice rice genotypes and their adaptation to two types of agroecosystems on dry land. The experiment used a randomized block design at each location with 3 replications and at each test 14 experimental plots were arranged. The treatment used 14 genotypes of black rice, namely: 2 elders (Situ Patenggang superior varieties and Baas Selem cultivars), and 12 lines of hope. Parameters observed were flowering age, plant height, number of productive and unproductive tillers per clump, leaf area, panicle length, number of filled grains and empty grains per panicle, weight of 100 grains, grain weight of each clump and grain yield. The results showed that there was no interaction between location and genotype on flowering age, plant height, number of productive tillers and unproductive tillers, panicle length, leaf area, number of filled grains per panicle, weight of 100 grains, grain weight per clump and grain yield , but interacts with the number of empty grains per panicle. The adaptation and stabilization test results showed that genotype G1 which was classified as stable which had general adaptation, and genotype classified as special adapted and very sensitive to environmental changes was G2; G3; G5; G6; G7; G8; G9; G10; G11; G13; and G14, whereas genotypes G4 and G12 are classified as special adaptation in marginal environments. Keywords: Location and genotype of black rice.

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Genetic Diversity of Local Rainfed Rice (Oryza Sativa L.)

Bangladesh Journal of Plant Breeding and Genetics ◽

10.3329/bjpbg.v23i2.9324 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 23 (2) ◽

pp. 41-46 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

MA Siddique ◽

ESMH Rashid ◽

M Khalequzzaman ◽

MZ Islam ◽

MS Ahmed ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Oryza Sativa ◽

Plant Height ◽

Oryza Sativa L ◽

Flag Leaf ◽

Mean Value ◽

Leaf Length ◽

Panicle Length ◽

Rainfed Rice ◽

Cluster Distance

Genetic diversity of 58 traditional local rice genotypes was studied under rainfed condition through Mahalanobis D2 statistic for grain yield and yield contributing characters. The genotypes were grouped into nine clusters. The inter-cluster distances were higher than intra-cluster distances indicating wider genetic diversity among the genotypes of different clusters. The intra-cluster distances were lower in all the cases reflecting homogeneity of the genotypes within the clusters. The cluster III contained the highest number of genotypes (13) and the cluster I contained the lowest (2). The highest intra-cluster distance was noticed for the cluster I and the lowest for cluster VII. The highest inter-cluster distance was observed between cluster I and IV followed by cluster IX and IV, cluster I and VI and the lowest between cluster V and III. Regarding inter-cluster distance, the genotypes of cluster IV showed high genetic distance from all other clusters. The genotypes from cluster IV could be hybridized with the genotypes of other characters of other clusters for producing transgressive segregants. Based on positive value of vector 1 and vector 2, flag leaf length, plant height, panicle length and grain breath had maximum contribution towards genetic divergence. The highest cluster means for yield, 1000 grain weight and grain breath were obtained from cluster VIII. The highest plant height, flag leaf width and panicle length were found in cluster II while the lowest mean value for yield, days to flowering and maturity, unfilled grain and the highest mean value for grain length breadth ratio were found in cluster II. Therefore, more emphasis should be given on cluster IV and cluster VIII, cluster I and cluster IV for selecting genotypes as parents for crossing with the genotypes of cluster II which would be used to produce new recombinants with desired traits. Key words: Genetic diversity; D2 analysis; cluster analysis; rice (Oryza sativa L)DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjpbg.v23i2.9324 Bangladesh J. Pl. Breed. Genet., 23(2): 41-46, 2010

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Estimation of genetic parameters and selection of sorghum [ S orghum bicolor (L.) Moench] RILS F5 derived from single seed descent

10.31227/osf.io/4gsyw ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Ranggi Rahimul Insan ◽

Desta Wirnas ◽

Trikoesoemaningtyas

Keyword(s):

Plant Height ◽

Genetic Parameters ◽

Grain Weight ◽

Leaf Number ◽

Panicle Length ◽

Single Seed Descent ◽

Seed Filling ◽

Single Seed ◽

High Yielding Varieties ◽

Panicle Weight

The purpose of this study was to obtain information about genetic parameters of agronomic characters of sorghum lines developed by Single Seed Descent as information for yield improvement through selection. The research was conducted from July to October 2014 in Bogor, West Java, Indonesia with an altitude of ± 240 m above sea level and a temperature of 27°C. The genetic materials used consisted of 201 RILs F5, and Numbu, Samurai-1, and Samurai-2 (national varieties), and a mutant B69 as check varieties. The experimental design used was augmented design. The results showed that the RILs F5 significantly different in the characters of seed filling period, plant height, leaf number, panicle length, circumference panicle, panicle weight, and grain weight panicle-1. High broad sense heritability values and broad genetic diversity were observed in the character of the seed filling period, plant height, leaf number, panicle length, circumference panicle, panicle weight and grain weight panicle-1. There were RILs F5 which have higher yield than the two parents and are uniform with lower within line variance. Selection was conducted based on grain weight panicle-1 increased 35.3% yield, but at the same time increased plant height by 5%. Simultaneous selection by grain weight panicle-1 and plant height increased yield by 21% and reduced plant height by -6.9%. This gives the opportunity to obtain shorter high yielding varieties.

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Estimation of genetic parameters and selection of sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] RILS F5 derived from single seed descent

10.31227/osf.io/c3ney ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Ranggi Rahimul Insan ◽

Desta Wirnas ◽

Trikoesoemaningtyas

Keyword(s):

Plant Height ◽

Genetic Parameters ◽

Grain Weight ◽

Leaf Number ◽

Panicle Length ◽

Single Seed Descent ◽

Single Seed ◽

Augmented Design ◽

Materials Used ◽

Panicle Weight

The purpose of this study was to obtain information about genetic parameters of agronomic characters ofsorghum lines developed by Single Seed Descent as information for yield improvement through selection. Theresearch was conducted from July to October 2014 in Bogor, West Java, Indonesia with an altitude of ± 240 mabove sea level and a temperature of 27°C. The genetic materials used consisted of 201 RILs F5, and Numbu,Samurai-1, and Samurai-2 (national varieties), and a mutant B69 as check varieties. The experimental designused was augmented design. The results showed that the RILs F5 significantly different in the characters of seedfilling period, plant height, leaf number, panicle length, circumference panicle, panicle weight, and grain weightpanicle-1. High broad sense heritability values and broad genetic diversity were observed in the character of theseed filling period, plant height, leaf number, panicle length, circumference panicle, panicle weight and grainweight panicle-1. There were RILs F5 which have higher yield than the two parents and are uniform with lowerwithin line variance. Selection was conducted based on grain weight panicle-1 increased 35.3% yield, but at thesame time increased plant height by 5%. Simultaneous selection by grain weight panicle-1 and plant heightincreased yield by 21% and reduced plant height by -6.9%. This gives the opportunity to obtain shorter highyielding varieties.

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Effect of Humic Acid on Growth and Yield Several Genotypes of Rice (Oryza Sativa L.)

IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science ◽

10.1088/1755-1315/923/1/012059 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 923 (1) ◽

pp. 012059

Author(s):

Ragheb hadi Al-bourky ◽

Mustafa A. Manshood ◽

Mohammed Radwan Mahmoud ◽

Salama Tahseen Al-mousawy

Keyword(s):

Humic Acid ◽

Leaf Area ◽

Plant Height ◽

Growth Traits ◽

Oryza Sativa L ◽

Flag Leaf ◽

Grain Weight ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Average Plant

Abstract A field experiment in the province of Muthanna during the summer season 2014-2015 to study the effect of three levels of humic acid on the growth and yield five genotypes of rice, the experiment carried out using a design Split Plot Design with three replications as occupied the main panels three levels of Humic acid (0, 2 and 4) ml liter−1 while genotypes occupied (IR-60819 and PR-2235 and Mchkab-1 and Jasmine and Amber-33) secondary panels. The results showed that there were significant differences between the humic acid leves, treatment 4 ml liter −1 overtook in a period of flowering (109.88 days), plant height, (99.33 cm) area of flag leaf, (38.11 cm2) number of panicle 373.33 panicle/m2 the number of grains 129.83 grains/panicle and yield grains 4.66 ton/h and there was no significant difference in grain weight, as well as the presence of significant differences between genotypes for all growth traits, as observed superiority of class dormitory -33 moral in the period of flowering, (110.88 days), Mchkab−1 in plant height, (111.34 cm) Yasmin in the flag leaf area, which amounted to 45.00 cm 2, as it gave the class Mchkab-1 highest number of Panicles totaled 400.00 Panicles/m2, and the superiority of product was Jasmine and averaged 145.11 grain/Panicle, and the superiority of genotype RP -2235 average grain weight of 20 mg were given a The interaction (4 × Mchkab−1) higher average plant height was 118.27 cm whereas given the The interaction (0× IR-60819) less than an average of 77.44 cm, either on the flag leaf area has given The interaction (4 × Yasmin) averaged 45.45 cm 2, while given the The interaction (0 × RP-2235) below average for this trait was 30.02 cm 2, and for yield and its components given The interaction (2 × Mchkab−1) the highest average number of Panicles 450.00 Panicle/m 2, while the number of grains in the deltoid has The interaction gave (2 × Yasmin) the highest average number of grains/Panicle totaled 150.00 grain/Panicle while given The interaction (4 × IR-60819) less than an average of 98.66 grain/Panicle, also was given The interaction (2 × Mchkab −1) yield the highest average grain amounted to 5.82 tons/h, while the The interaction gave (0 × IR-60819) less than the average stood at 3.05 tons/ha.

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Fine Mapping and Cloning of the Novel Gene Qph-IAA30, which Simultaneously Affects the Plant Height, Panicle Length, Spikelet Number and Yield in Rice (Oryza Sativa L.)

10.21203/rs.3.rs-779960/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Niqing He ◽

Guangping Zhan ◽

Fenghuang Huang ◽

Xianghua Zheng ◽

Chaoping Cheng ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oryza Sativa ◽

Plant Height ◽

Agronomic Traits ◽

Oryza Sativa L ◽

Gene Prediction ◽

Rice Genome ◽

Rice Cultivar ◽

Rice Cultivars ◽

Panicle Length ◽

Higher Plant

Abstract Background: The plant height is one of the most important agronomic traits in rice (Oryza sativa L.), and the introduction of semidwarf rice led to record yield increases throughout Asia in the 1960s. Near-isogenic lines (NILs) are the most powerful tools for the detection and precise mapping of quantitative trait loci (QTLs).Results: In this study, 176 NILs were produced from the crossing and back-crossing of two rice cultivars. Specifically, Jiafuzhan, an indica rice cultivar, served as the recipient, and Hui1586, a restorer japonica cultivar, served as the donor. Using the 176 NILs, we identified a novel QTL for plant height in NIL36. First, we mapped the QTL to a 31-kb region between the markers Indel12-29 and Indel12-31. The rice genome annotation indicated the presence of three candidate genes in this region. Through gene prediction and cDNA sequencing, we confirmed that the target gene in NIL36 was Osiaa30, hereafter referred to as qPH-iaa30. Further analysis showed that qPH-iaa30 was produced by a 1-bp deletion in the first exon that resulted in the premature termination of OsIAA30. Knockout experiments showed that qPH-IAA30 was responsible for the plant height phenotype. Although qPH-IAA30 from Jiafuzhan showed a higher plant height, the plant also exhibited a longer panicle length, more spikelets and a higher yield. Taken together, our results demonstrate that qPH-IAA30 has good specific application prospects in future rice breeding.Conclusions: 176 NILs are produced from two rice cultivars, using the 176 NILs, a novel qPH-iaa30 for plant height is identified, and the qPH-IAA30 gene is responsible for the plant height phenotype.

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Genetic Relationships Between Grain Types and Agronomic Traits In Rice

Zuriat ◽

10.24198/zuriat.v13i1.6727 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Sugiono Moeljopawiro

Keyword(s):

Plant Height ◽

Combining Ability ◽

Agronomic Traits ◽

Genetic Relationships ◽

Heading Date ◽

Grain Weight ◽

Panicle Length ◽

Grain Length ◽

Panicle Number ◽

Grain Width

The genetic relationships between grain types and agronomic traits in rice (Oryza sativa L.) were studied in 6 x 6 diallel cross (excluding reciprocals) involving long-, medium-, and short-grain cultivars were studied. Combining ability analyses revealed that mean squares due to GCA were larger than those due to SCA, except for heading date. Vsca for heading date, plant height, panicle number, and grains per panicle were larger than Vgca for those traits. Panicle length, grain length, grain width, and 100-grain weight had larger Vgca than Vsca. General combining ability effects obtained in this study suggested that ‘Brazos’ was a good combiner for earliness. ‘Starbonnet’ was a good combiner for plant height, grains per panicle, and ‘Starbonnet’ and ‘Lebonnet’ were good combiners for grain length. ‘Nortai’ combined well for high panicle number and ‘Nortai’ and ‘S201’ combined well for grain width. ‘M401’ and ‘S201’ were good combiners for 100-grain weight. Phenotypic and genetic correlations followed a similar trend, except the latter was of a higher magnitude. Grain width and 100-grain weight were positively correlated with each other, but negatively correlated with the other traits. Grain length and grain width were negatively correlated. In general, heritability estimates in the broad sense were high. Moderate narrow sense heritability estimates for plant height, panicle length, grain length, grain width, and 100-grain weight suggested that these traits can be selected with the pedigree method, and the bulk method would be better for selecting heading date and grains per panicle.

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