scholarly journals Assessing the performance of macroinvertebrate metrics in the Challhuaco-Ñireco System (Northern Patagonia, Argentina)

2015 ◽  
Vol 105 (3) ◽  
pp. 348-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melina Mauad ◽  
M. Laura Miserendino ◽  
Miguel A. Risso ◽  
Julieta Massaferro
Keyword(s):  
Diversity Index ◽  
River Mouth ◽  
Species Assemblages ◽  
Functional Feeding Groups ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
The Status ◽  
Macroinvertebrate Metrics ◽  
San Carlos ◽  
Nahuel Huapi National Park ◽  
Different Levels

ABSTRACT Seven sites were examined in the Challhuaco-Ñireco system, located in the reserve of the Nahuel Huapi National Park, however part of the catchment is urbanized, being San Carlos de Bariloche (150,000 inhabitants) placed in the lower part of the basin. Physico-chemical variables were measured and benthic macroinvertebrates were collected during three consecutive years at seven sites from the headwater to the river outlet. Sites near the source of the river were characterised by Plecoptera, Ephemeroptera, Trichoptera and Diptera, whereas sites close to the river mouth were dominated by Diptera, Oligochaeta and Mollusca. Regarding functional feeding groups, collector-gatherers were dominant at all sites and this pattern was consistent among years. Ordination Analysis (RDA) revealed that species assemblages distribution responded to the climatic and topographic gradient (temperature and elevation), but also were associated with variables related to human impact (conductivity, nitrate and phosphate contents). Species assemblages at headwaters were mostly represented by sensitive insects, whereas tolerant taxa such as Tubificidae, Lumbriculidae, Chironomidae and crustacean Aegla sp. were dominant at urbanised sites. Regarding macroinvertebrate metrics employed, total richness, EPT taxa, Shannon diversity index and Biotic Monitoring Patagonian Stream index resulted fairly consistent and evidenced different levels of disturbances at the stream, meaning that this measures are suitable for evaluation of the status of Patagonian mountain streams.

The Selection of Children's Books Translated from Spanish to Galician, Basque and Catalan (1940–80)

2009 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 243-258
Author(s):  
Mónica Domínguez Pérez
Keyword(s):  
Social Economic ◽  
Children’S Literature ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
Intercultural Relations ◽  
Children's Books ◽  
Source Text ◽  
The Status ◽  
Castilian Spanish ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Selection Of

This study deals with children's literature translated from Castilian Spanish into Galician, Basque and Catalan by a different publisher from that of the source text, between 1940 and 1980, and with the criteria used to choose books for translation during that period. It compares the different literatures within Spain and examines the intersystemic and intercultural relations that the translations reflect. Following the polysystems theory, literature is here conceived as a network of agents of different kinds: authors, publishers, readers, and literary models. Such a network, called a polysystem, is part of a larger social, economic, and cultural network. These extra-literary considerations play an important role in determining the selection of works to be translated. The article suggests that translations can be said to establish transcultural relations, and that they demonstrate different levels of power within a specific interliterary community. It concludes that, while translations may aim to change the pre-existent relationships, frequently they just reflect the status quo.

Sustainability assessment in the manufacturing industry: a review of recent studies

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (8) ◽  
pp. 3162-3179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shamraiz Ahmad ◽  
Kuan Yew Wong
Keyword(s):  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Sustainability Assessment ◽  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
Social Indicators ◽  
Sustainable Manufacturing ◽  
Manufacturing Industries ◽  
Bottom Line ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Status ◽  
Different Levels

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to review and analyze the recent sustainability assessment studies in the manufacturing industry from the triple-bottom-line (TBL) perspective. This paper aims to depict the status quo of practical sustainability assessment, summarize the different levels and boundaries of evaluation, and highlight the difficulties and further improvements needed to make the assessment more effective in the manufacturing industry. Design/methodology/approach Four keywords, namely, sustainability assessment, sustainable manufacturing, TBL and green production, were used to explore and find the relevant articles. First, this paper systematically reviewed the studies and analyzed the different levels and boundaries of sustainability assessment. Following this, the reviewed studies were critically discussed along with their merits and shortcomings. Findings The review showed that most of the sustainability assessment studies were conducted on product, company and process levels in the manufacturing industry. Nevertheless, there is still a need to focus more on plant and process level assessments to achieve the TBL objectives. Environmental assessment is comparatively matured in manufacturing industries. However, from the economic and social viewpoints, only cost analysis and workers’ safety, respectively, were considered in most of the studies. The economic and social indicators need to be more inclusive and should be validated and standardized for manufacturing industries. Originality/value Unlike previous sustainability assessment reviews in manufacturing industries which were mostly based on life cycle assessment, this paper has included environmental, social and economic aspects in one comprehensive review and focused on recent studies published from 2010 to 2017. This paper has explored the recent sustainability assessment trends and provided insights into the development of sustainability assessment in the manufacturing sector.

Physico-chemical characterization of Cu2+-exchanged sepiolite

Clay Minerals ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 467-475 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Corma ◽  
J. Pérez-Pariente ◽  
J. Soria
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Tetrahedral Symmetry ◽  
Pyramidal Geometry ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
One Step ◽  
Lower Temperature ◽  
Coordinated Water ◽  
Square Pyramidal Geometry ◽  
Different Levels

AbstractCopper-sepiolites exchanged at different levels have been studied by ESR, IR, and TG. The results indicate that in the unheated samples the Cu2+ ions are located in octahedral edge positions. After dehydration, the Cu2+ ions occur in two positions with different environments. Some of the Cu2+ ions lose the two molecules of coordinated water in one step, at low dehydration temperatures, and adopt a square pyramidal geometry. Other Cu2+ ions lose the coordination water in two steps, at lower temperature than the natural sepiolite, and adopt a tetrahedral symmetry.

scholarly journals Effect on different levels of maltodextrin on physico-chemical properties of synbiotic lassi by using buffalo milk

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 2874-2877
Author(s):  
Shashikant Jagdale ◽  
Sandip S Ramod ◽  
Yogesh N Patil ◽  
Narendra N Prasade ◽  
Vijay B Kadav
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Buffalo Milk ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Different Levels

scholarly journals The chemicals (formaldehyde and toluene) influence on soil microorganisms of leached chernozem

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 21-25
Author(s):  
Natalya Anatolyevna Ilyina ◽  
Tatyana Valentinovna Fufaeva ◽  
Natalya Anatolyevna Kazakova ◽  
Nataliya Mikhailovna Kasatkina ◽  
Evgeniya Alexandrovna Vilkova
Keyword(s):  
Soil Microorganisms ◽  
Heterotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Soil Formation ◽  
Chemical Production ◽  
Leached Chernozem ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Production And Consumption ◽  
The Status ◽  
Number Of Microorganisms ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi

The paper assesses the status of the soil cover associated with the pollution of its waste chemical production and consumption. The authors present the data of formaldehyde and toluene influence on the abundance of actinomycetes, heterotrophic bacteria and fungi, as these groups of microorganisms provide self-purification capacity of the soil and participate in soil formation processes. In this paper microbiological and physico-chemical methods of research are used. The study of species composition changes of some soil microorganisms groups of leached chernozem under the influence of formaldehyde and toluene showed that this factor causes changes in the complex of soil microorganisms. This factor is reflected in the decreased species richness and diversity and increase of pollution-tolerant microorganisms. These studies investigate a number of microorganisms that provide self-purification capacity of the soil and participate in soil formation. The results show the nature of the influence of different doses of formaldehyde and toluene on the structure and functioning of the complex of soil microorganisms, as well as reveal the mechanism of action of chemicals (formaldehyde and toluene) on soil microbiota associated with its resistance and the manifestation of toxicity of the soil.

scholarly journals An environmental database for the status of freshwater in Greece

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-14
Keyword(s):  
National Level ◽  
Reference Conditions ◽  
Ecological Status ◽  
Anthropogenic Pressures ◽  
Environmental Pressures ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Other Information ◽  
The Status ◽  
Freshwater Bodies ◽  
Status Data

An environmental database has been created, recording water bodies at a national level and assembling relevant data collected by various public services and institutions in charge of water resources management and research in Greece. Data consists of physico-chemical parameters, geomorphological descriptions, inventories of fauna and flora species, environmental pressures, vulnerability evaluation and other information useful for the assessment of current and future ecological status. Data gathering has proven to be a challenging task, due to the large number and the generally small size of the surface freshwater bodies as well as the numerous competent services and institutions and the multiple and sometimes conflicting responsibilities that therefore result. The latter is also partly the cause of lack of continuity of data, gaps or sometimes questionable reliability. Performing a global data overview, we note that (a) ecological status can be characterized as good for the majority of the sites, especially for small mountain streams, and (b) the general trend in most cases is degradation of current conditions, related either to anthropogenic pressures or to human activity combined with natural factors. This database, in a more completed and enriched form, could assist in the implementation of 2000/60/EC Directive in Greece and the establishment of reference conditions of surface freshwater systems.

Effect of Barley Flour on Quality of Restructured Spent Hen Meat Blocks

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Swati Gupta ◽  
B.D. Sharma ◽  
S.K. Mendiratta
Keyword(s):  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Product Yield ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Barley Flour ◽  
Texture Profile ◽  
Overall Acceptability ◽  
Spent Hen ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Different Levels

Background: Spent hen meat is considered as poor because of comparatively higher toughness and chewiness. The present study was envisaged to find out the effect of barley flour on the quality characteristics of restructured spent hen meat blocks.Methods: Barley flour (1:1 hydration, w/w) was incorporated at the levels of 4, 6 and 8% by replacing the lean meat in pre-standardized restructured spent hen meat blocks (RSHMB) formulation and evaluated for physico-chemical, sensory and textural quality.Result: Product yield was significantly higher (P less than 0.05) and at 6 and 8% level of barley flour as compared to control. Fat percentage and shear force value of RSHMB was significantly lower (P less than 0.05) at 8% level of barley flour as compared to control. There were no significant differences in the scores for general appearance, texture, binding, juiciness and overall acceptability of RSHMB of control as well as those incorporated with different levels of barley flour. Texture profile analysis revealed that the hardness, cohesiveness, gumminess and chewiness of RSHMB with 8% barley flour were significantly lower (P less than 0.05) than that of control. Optimum incorporation level of barley flour for the preparation of restructured spent hen meat blocks was adjudged as 8%. The production cost of RSHMB with 8% barley flour reduced by Rs. 18.4/Kg than that of control. The developed restructured spent hen meat blocks with 8% barley flour can be utilized as texture-modified nutritious soft food products.

Effect of different levels of sweet potato paste on physico-chemical properties of kheer

2015 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. V. Dadge ◽  
B. M. Thombre ◽  
S. G. Narwade ◽  
B. N. Thorat ◽  
H. B. Awaz
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Total Solid ◽  
Buffalo Milk ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Total Solids ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Different Levels

<italic>Kheer</italic> is sweetened dish of rice cooked in milk first finds mention as ‘<italic>Payas</italic>’. Sweet potato <italic>kheer</italic> was prepared from different levels of sweet potato paste <italic>viz</italic>. 2.5, 5.0 and 7.5 per cent on the basis of buffalo milk. Control <italic>kheer</italic> was prepared using 2.5 per cent rice in buffalo milk. The parameters considered for the present study were pH, viscosity, moisture, fat, protein, total solids and ash. The result showed that control <italic>kheer</italic> was significantly superior over <italic>kheer</italic> prepared from 2.5% sweet potato. PH was decreasing as the level of sweet potato paste increases. On the contrary as the level of sweet potato increased the viscosity also increased significantly. The moisture content of sweet potato <italic>kheer</italic> decreased as the level of sweet potato increased. As fat was concerned as the level of sweet potato increaseed the fat decreased with non significant effect. Similarly slight protein was also increased. However carbohydrate, total solids and ash content of <italic>kheer</italic> increased as the level of sweet potato increased with non-significant effect. The total solid, carbohydrate and ash content of sweet potato <italic>kheer</italic> increases whereas moisture and fat decreased as the level sweet potato increased. This might be due to higher carbohydrate and lower moisture content in sweet potato as compared to milk.

scholarly journals Between syntax and discourse

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 396-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oksana Laleko ◽  
Maria Polinsky
Keyword(s):  
Information Structure ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Structural Complexity ◽  
Heritage Speakers ◽  
Bilingual Speakers ◽  
Structure Level ◽  
Different Types ◽  
L2 Learners ◽  
The Status ◽  
Different Levels

Abstract This article examines the knowledge of topic and subject particles in heritage speakers and L2 learners of Japanese and Korean. We assume that topic marking is mediated at the syntax-information structure interface, while subject marking pertains to narrow syntax. In comparing phenomena mediated at different levels of linguistic organization, we provide evidence for the hypothesis that information structure-level phenomena present greater challenges for bilingual speakers than those mediated within syntax. While these results may be interpreted as evidence of generalized interface-related deficits, we show that such a global explanation is not supported. Instead, a more nuanced account is developed, based on the recognition of different types of topic (anaphoric, generic, and contrastive) and different types of subject (descriptive and exhaustive). Under the proposed account, non-native speakers’ deficits follow from three unrelated effects: the status of topic as an interface category, structural complexity, and the memory demands necessary for its interpretation in context.

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