scholarly journals Serum and liver copper, iron, molybdenum and zinc concentration in goats and sheep in the state of Paraíba, Brazil

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (7) ◽  
pp. 1313-1316
Author(s):  
Tatiane R. Silva ◽  
Pierre C. Soares ◽  
Antonio F.M. Dantas ◽  
Allan V.S. Marques ◽  
Emanuel Felipe O. Filho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
The State ◽  
Semiarid Region ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Cu Deficiency ◽  
Liver Copper ◽  
The Mean ◽  
High Ingestion

ABSTRACT: This study aimed to determine Cu, Fe, Mo, and Zn liver and serum concentration in sheep and goats raised in the rangelands of the semiarid region of the state of Paraíba, Brazil, during the dry and rainy seasons, and to establish if Cu deficiency is primary or secondary to high ingestion of Mo or Fe. Cu, Zn, Mo and Fe concentrations were determined by atomic absorption spectrometry coupled to mass (ICP-Plasma) in 253 liver and serum samples randomly selected in a slaughterhouse. The mean serum concentrations of Cu in the goats and sheep were 11.82±3.28μmol/L and 10.97±3.61μmol/L respectively. The liver Cu concentrations were 160.37±11.77mg/kg in goats and 152.12±13.16mg/kg in sheep. The mean serum Fe concentrations were 16.38±4.51μmol/L in goats and 25.41±9.76μmol/L in sheep. The mean Fe concentrations in the liver were 189.37±6.51mg/kg in goats and 313.70±12.89mg/kg in sheep. The mean serum concentrations of Mo were 0.14±0.04μmol/L in goats and 0.29±0.06μmol/L in sheep. The mean Mo concentrations in the liver were 6.09±0.23mg/kg in goats and 6.22±0.15mg/kg in sheep. The mean serum Zn concentrations were 8.30±1.91μmol/L in goats and 8.63±2.22μmol/L in sheep. The mean Zn concentrations in the liver were 132.80±3.39mg/kg in goats and 130.70±2.99mg/kg in sheep. These results show low or marginal serum and liver concentrations of Cu and Zn, indicating that these minerals should be supplemented. The normal or even low concentrations of Mo and the high concentration of Fe suggest that Cu deficiency may be primary, due to low Cu ingestion, or secondary due to high Fe ingestion.

Geographic determinants of copper and molybdenum concentrations in serum at the end of the grazing season and associations with reproductive performance in beef cows from western Canada

2011 ◽  
Vol 91 (3) ◽  
pp. 423-431 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leanne Van De Weyer ◽  
Cheryl Waldner
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Important Determinant ◽  
Beef Cows ◽  
Western Canada ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Soil Color ◽  
Grazing Season ◽  
Cu Deficiency ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Feed Samples

Van De Weyer, L. M. and Waldner, C. L. 2011. Geographic determinants of copper and molybdenum concentrations in serum at the end of the grazing season and associations with reproductive performance in beef cows from western Canada. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 91: 423–431. Serum concentrations of Cu and Mo were measured at the end of the summer grazing season in an observational field study of 783 breeding females from 66 cow-calf herds located in western Canada. The mean Cu concentration was 0.82 ppm (S, 0.30 ppm) and the mean Mo concentration was 0.056 ppm (S, 0.055 ppm). Serum Cu concentration differed across ecoregions (P=0.013). Serum Mo concentrations varied by ecoregion (P =0.002), soil type (P =0.011), soil color (P=0.018), and total precipitation during the growing season (P =0.004). Copper and Mo serum concentrations at the end of the grazing season were not associated with reproductive outcomes. Herd location is an important determinant of the risk of primary and secondary Cu deficiency and can inform the need for trace mineral testing of feed samples as well as supplementation.

scholarly journals Analytical evaluation of Kone Microlyte determination of ionized magnesium

1994 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
H E van Ingen ◽  
H J Huijgen ◽  
W T Kok ◽  
G T Sanders
Keyword(s):  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Analytical Evaluation ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Ionized Magnesium ◽  
Carrier Liquid ◽  
The Mean ◽  
High Concentration Range ◽  
Induced Changes

Abstract We performed an analytical evaluation of a commercially available instrument for determining ionized magnesium through use of a neutral carrier, liquid-membrane-based ion-selective electrode. Reproducibility (CV 2-4%), linearity (0.30-2.50 mmol/L), lower limit of detection (0.30 mmol/L), and absence of interference from Ca2+ indicate adequate performance for measuring ionized magnesium in plasma or serum samples in the normal to high-concentration range. Sodium in excess of 150 mmol/L caused a negative bias, which can be explained by ionic strength-induced changes in activity coefficients. The use of heparin as an anticoagulant must be restricted to concentrations < 15 units/mL because of the binding of magnesium to heparin. The mean +/- SD concentration of ionized magnesium and its fraction of total magnesium in 76 healthy volunteers were 0.56 +/- 0.05 mmol/L and 0.65 +/- 0.04, respectively.

scholarly journals Toxicokinetics and correlation of carbamazepine salivary and serum concentrations in acute poisonings

2012 ◽  
Vol 69 (5) ◽  
pp. 389-393 ◽  
Author(s):  
Snezana Djordjevic ◽  
Vesna Kilibarda ◽  
Slavica Vucinic ◽  
Tomislav Stojanovic ◽  
Biljana Antonijevic
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Body Fluid ◽  
Acute Poisoning ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Therapeutic Application ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Individual Variations ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Therapeutic Doses

Background/Aim. Saliva is a body fluid which, like serum, can be used for determination of concentrations of certain drugs, both in pharmacotherapy as well as in acute poisonings. The aim of this study was to determine carbamazepine concentrations in both saliva and serum in acute poisoning in order to show if there is a correlation between the obtained values, as well as to monitor toxicokinetics of carbamazepine in body fluides. Methods. Saliva and serum samples were obtained from 26 patients treated with carbamazepine and 20 patients acutely poisoned by the drug immediately after their admission in the Emergency Toxicology Unit. Determination of salivary and serum carbamazepine concentrations was performed by the validated high pressure liquid chromatographyultraviolet (HPLC-UV) method. Results. A significant correlation of salivary and serum carbamazepine concentrations in both therapeutic application and acute poisoning (r = 0.9481 and 0.9117, respectively) was confirmed. In acute poisonings the mean ratio between salivary and serum concentrations of carbamazepine (0.43) was similar to the mean ratio after its administration in therapeutic doses (0.39), but there were high inter-individual variations in carbamazepine concentrations in the acutely poisoned patients, as a consequence of different ingested doses of the drug. In acute poisoning the halftime of carbamazepine in saliva and serum was 12.57 h and 6.76 h, respectively. Conclusion. Our results suggest a possible use of saliva as an alternative biological material for determination of carbamazepine concentrations in therapeutic application and acute poisoning as well, and a possible extrapolation of the results obtained in saliva to serum concentrations of carbamazepine.

The Determination of Thiamine in Small Amounts of Whole Blood and Serum by a Simplified Thiochrome Method

1965 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 617-623 ◽  
Author(s):  
Than Myint ◽  
Harold B Houser
Keyword(s):  
Whole Blood ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Adsorption Column ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Differences ◽  
Hydrolysis Of ◽  
Sample Dilution ◽  
Low Serum

Abstract This simplified thiochrome method for the determination of thiamine eliminates deproteinization, sample dilution (other than reagent), and purification by adsorption column; pH need not be adjusted as it is automatically controlled. The method depends upon the hydrolysis of whole blood and serum with N HCI, N/10 HCI, and diastase enzyme. Reproducibility was good; the mean differences (± S.D.) between duplicate blood and serum samples were 2.36 ± 2.87 and 1.5 ± 1.70 mµg./ml., respectively. Recovery of added thiamine ranged from 94 to 104% with a mean of 99.5 ± 3.41%. Storage of hydrolysates for 30 days did not change the results, and low serum concentrations could be measured in serum. Whole blood and serum values of thiamine in 44 healthy adults ranged from 11.3 to 47.8 mµg./ml. (mean, 29.3) and from trace amounts to 20.5 mµg./ml. (mean, 10.2), respectively.

scholarly journals P694 Validation of two commercial assays for therapeutic drug monitoring of adalimumab biosimilars

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S563-S563
Author(s):  
R Berghmans ◽  
J Naudts ◽  
B Ferkinghoff ◽  
H Gören ◽  
M L Henke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring ◽  
Drug Monitoring ◽  
Therapeutic Drug ◽  
Mean Deviation ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Absolute Deviation ◽  
Rapid Assay ◽  
Maximum Absolute Deviation ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Background Therapeutic drug monitoring of adalimumab (ADM) is increasingly used to optimise the management of patients with inflammatory bowel disease. The recent settlements with Abbvie concerning Humira®, paved the way for biosimilar drugs to enter the European market. In this study, we aimed to validate two commercial assays, the RIDASCREEN® ADM Monitoring (ELISA; also known as the apDia Adalimumab ELISA) and the RIDA®QUICK ADM Monitoring (rapid assay), which were developed and validated using the originator drug, for the quantification of two ADM biosimilars, AMGEVITA® and Imraldi®. Methods To validate the RIDASCREEN® ADM Monitoring, accuracy and recovery were determined by diluting AMGEVITA® and Imraldi® to varying concentrations within the clinical measuring range and in comparison with Humira®. The specification of accuracy is met when the deviation of the measured ADM biosimilar value is within ±15% of the theoretical value. For the recovery, the deviation of the measured ADM biosimilar value has to be within ± 15% of the Humira® value. To validate the RIDA®QUICK ADM Monitoring for the quantification of AMGEVITA® and Imraldi®, the recovery and linearity was determined. The recovery was determined by spiking three samples containing a low concentration of ADM biosimilar with varying concentrations of ADM biosimilar. The rapid assay complies with the requirements of recovery, if the observed value of ADM biosimilar is within ± 20% of the expected value of ADM biosimilar. The linearity was performed on the basis of NCCLS-guideline EP6-A; a sample with high concentration of ADM biosimilar was diluted 1:1 to 1:38.4. All samples were measured in the ELISA and rapid assay following manufacturer’s instructions. Results In the RIDASCREEN® ADM Monitoring, the mean deviation of the measured AMGEVITA® and Imraldi® value vs. the theoretical value was −6.6% and 2.1%, respectively. Recovery of spiked AMGEVITA® and Imraldi® samples in serum revealed a maximum absolute deviation of 12.9% and 14.8% vs. Humira®. In the RIDA®QUICK ADM Monitoring, the mean recovery of three serum samples spiked with varying concentration of AMGEVITA® and Imraldi® ranged from 91% to 115%, and 95% to 101%, respectively. Linearity was shown for both AMGEVITA® and Imraldi®. Conclusion We successfully validated the biosimilars AMGEVITA® and Imraldi® in the RIDASCREEN® ADM Monitoring and RIDA®QUICK ADM Monitoring. These results encourage therapeutic drug monitoring of ADM biosimilars in routine clinical practice.

scholarly journals Occurrence and risk factors assessment associated with Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) infection in chickens in the semiarid region of Pernambuco, Brazil

2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 531-535 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sílvio G. de Sá ◽  
José W. Pinheiro Júnior ◽  
Sineide M. de Oliveira Vilela ◽  
Erica P.B.X. Moraes ◽  
Pedro P.F. Albuquerque ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Mycoplasma Gallisepticum ◽  
The State ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Semiarid Region ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Backyard Poultry

Abstract: The aim of the present study was to assess the occurrence of Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) infection and risk factors of this disease in three hundred serum samples from on 23 familiar agricultural properties in the semiarid region of the state of Pernambuco, Brazil. ELISA was used to study antibodies anti-Mycoplasma gallisepticum. The univariate analysis (chi-squared test or Fischer's exact test) followed by multivariate analysis (logistic regression) were used to assess the risk factors with two variables: management and sanity of the poultry. It was detected a frequence of 53.33% (157/300) of the birds were positive for MG, with 100% foci. The risk factors confirmed by multivariate analysis, in the present study, were the presence of other poultry species on the property, including Numida meleagris (OR=2.22; p=0.005), parrots (OR=1.72; p=0.027), and of passerines (OR=1.88; p=0.007). These results showed that Mycoplasma gallisepticum infection is endemic among backyard poultry in the semiarid region of the state of Pernambuco. These birds could be a source of infection for other wild or domestic poultry. . This is the first report of the occurrence of avian mycoplasmosis in backyard poultry in the state of Pernambuco in northeastern Brazil. The risk factors identified should serve as a parameter for the health authorities to seek solutions related to controlling the disease.

scholarly journals Seroprevalence and risk factors for cattle anaplasmosis, babesiosis, and trypanosomiasis in a Brazilian semiarid region

2013 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valéria Medeiros de Mendonça Costa ◽  
Múcio Flávio Barbosa Ribeiro ◽  
Amélia Lizziane Leite Duarte ◽  
Julia Marry Mangueira ◽  
André Flávio Almeida Pessoa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Immunofluorescence Assay ◽  
Babesia Bovis ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Semiarid Region ◽  
Babesia Bigemina ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Brazilian Semiarid ◽  
The Mean

The seroprevalence of Anaplasma marginale, Babesia bigemina, Babesia bovis and Trypanosoma vivax and the risk factors for these infections were investigated in 509 cows on 37 farms in the semiarid region of Paraíba, northeastern Brazil. Cow serum samples were tested by means of immunofluorescence assay (IFA) against each specific antigen. The mean seroprevalence values per farm were 15.0% (range: 0-75%) for A. marginale, 9.5% (range: 0-40%) for B. bigemina and 26.9% (range: 0-73.7%) for B. bovis. All cows tested negative for T. vivax. Higher prevalence for A. marginale was significantly associated with less frequent acaricide spraying per year and with higher use of injectable antihelminthics. Presence of cows positive for B. bigemina was significantly associated with acaricide use and with presence of horse flies on the farm. Both occurrence and higher prevalence of B. bovis were significantly associated with recent observations of ticks on cattle. Overall, the present results indicate that the region investigated is an enzootically unstable area forA. marginale, B. bigemina and B. bovis, since most animals were seronegative to at least one agent.

Immunologic Assessment of Patients Treated with Bovine Fibrin as a Hemostatic Agent

1996 ◽  
Vol 76 (06) ◽  
pp. 0925-0931 ◽  
Author(s):  
John F Carroll ◽  
Keith A Moskowitz ◽  
Niloo M Edwards ◽  
Thomas J Hickey ◽  
Eric A Rose ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coagulation Factors ◽  
Allergic Reactions ◽  
Factor V ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Human Fibrinogen ◽  
Bovine Thrombin ◽  
Thrombotic Complications ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Clinically Significant

SummaryTwenty-one cardiothoracic surgical patients have been treated with fibrin as a topical hemostatic/sealing agent, prepared from bovine fibrinogen clotted with bovine thrombin. Serum samples have been collected before treatment with fibrin and postoperatively between 1 and 9 days, 3 and 12 weeks, and 6 and 8 months. The titers of anti-bovine fibrinogen antibodies, measured by ELISA specific for immunoglobulins IgG or IgM, increased to maximal values after about 8 or 6 weeks, respectively. After 8 months, IgG titers were on average 20-fold lower than the mean maximal value, while IgM titers returned to the normal range. IgG was the predominant anti-bovine fibrinogen immunoglobulin as documented by ELISA, affinity chromatography and electrophoresis. Anti-bovine fibrinogen antibodies present in patients reacted readily with bovine fibrinogen, but did not cross-react with human fibrinogen as measured by ELISA or by immunoelectrophoresis. A significant amount of antibodies against bovine thrombin and factor V has been found, many cross-reacting with the human counterparts. No hemorrhagic or thrombotic complications, or clinically significant allergic reactions, occurred in any patient, in spite of antibody presence against some bovine and human coagulation factors. The treatment of patients with bovine fibrin, without induction of immunologic response against human fibrinogen, appeared to be an effective topical hemostatic/sealing measure.

Autoantibodies to Thrombomodulin: Development of an Enzyme Immunoassay and a Survey of their Frequency in Patients with the Lupus Anticoagulant

1992 ◽  
Vol 67 (05) ◽  
pp. 507-509 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Gibson ◽  
Margaret Nelson ◽  
Ross Brown ◽  
Hatem Salem ◽  
Harry Kronenberg
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Immunoassay ◽  
Lupus Anticoagulant ◽  
Specific Binding ◽  
Technical Problem ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Citrate Buffer ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Sample Dilution ◽  
Negative Population ◽  
Serum Components

SummaryIn order to investigate the possibility that autoantibodies to thrombomodulin (TM) may exist in patients with the lupus anticoagulant (LA) and perhaps be implicated in the pathogenesis of recurrent thrombosis seen in such patients, we developed an enzyme-immunoassay to screen serum samples for anti-human TM activity. The major technical problem encountered in developing this assay was to reduce the non-specific binding of serum components from both the LA positive and the negative population. Considerable reduction of non-specific binding was achieved by use of a phosphate/citrate buffer at pH 8.0 and the use of an optimal sample dilution of 1/40. In addition, samples were always tested in parallel in blank wells and results are expressed as an OD ratio. Samples from 113 patients with the LA were assayed and compared to 78 patients referred for LA testing but found to be negative. The mean OD values for the LA positive patients (± SD) was 1.36 (0.44) with a range of 0.78-2.57. This was virtually identical to the values for the LA negative population (1.38 ± 0.40, range 0.76-2.77). The results of this study indicate that there is no evidence for the presence of a significant autoantibody activity to TM in patients with the LA when compared to LA negative patients. If such autoantibodies do exist their frequency must be quite low.

First passage time for the state of exact chemical equilibrium

1980 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 777-782 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milan Šolc
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Equilibrium ◽  
First Passage Time ◽  
Passage Time ◽  
The State ◽  
Recurrence Time ◽  
First Passage ◽  
First Order ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Passage Times ◽  
Number Of Particles

The establishment of chemical equilibrium in a system with a reversible first order reaction is characterized in terms of the distribution of first passage times for the state of exact chemical equilibrium. The mean first passage time of this state is a linear function of the logarithm of the total number of particles in the system. The equilibrium fluctuations of composition in the system are characterized by the distribution of the recurrence times for the state of exact chemical equilibrium. The mean recurrence time is inversely proportional to the square root of the total number of particles in the system.

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