scholarly journals BRAZILIAN JEITINHO VERSUS CHINESE GUANXI: INVESTIGATING THEIR INFORMAL INFLUENCE ON INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 77-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
CLÁUDIO V. TORRES ◽  
SOLANGE ALFINITO ◽  
CÉSAR AUGUSTO DE SOUZA PINTO GALVÃO ◽  
BRUNA CHIE YIN TSE
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
University Students ◽  
International Business ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Two Cultures ◽  
Reverse Pattern ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Singapore Chinese ◽  
Business Negotiations ◽  
The Relationship

ABSTRACTThe Brazilian jeitinho and the Chinese guanxi are considered indigenous forms of informal influence. The first can be described as behavior tactics aimed at resolving social problems. The latter is broadly described as achieving goals through the use of social networks. These influence processes were chosen because they are commonly used in business negotiations in Brazil and China. Thus, understanding their peculiarity is fundamental for the management of organizations involved in business in those two cultures. Therefore, we seek to determine whether such influence processes differ, as it is possible that a process said to be indigenous to a particular cultural context might be, in fact, also found elsewhere. To investigate their uniqueness and the relationship between them, two studies were carried out. In both studies, participants rated representativeness, typicality and positivity of social scenarios, besides completing a 21-item version of the Schwartz’s Portrait Value Survey and a scale regarding attitudes towards corruption. Data were analyzed by a series of mean difference tests and stepwise regressions, separately for each nation, and the results are presented by sample. There were two samples: university students’ sample (with 266 Brazilian and 220 Chinese) and managers’ sample (with 101 Singapore Chinese and 246 Brazilian). Brazil scored significantly higher on conservation and selfenhancement values when compared to China. Chinese respondents perceived the guanxi scenarios as more typical of what happens in China than the jeitinho scenarios, with a reverse pattern being observed for Brazilians. Although Brazilian respondents evaluated jeitinho less positively than Chinese respondents evaluated guanxi scenarios, but they also did perceive jeitinho as more positive than. For the managers’ samples, it was observed that Brazilians had a significantly lower score on attitudes toward business corruptibility when compared to Chinese managers. Stepwise regressions suggest that positivity is linked with business corruptibility for each respective scenario type by nation.

Primary and secondary factors in language maintenance in a medium-sized community language: Catalan in Spain

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 525-552
Author(s):  
Raquel Casesnoves ◽  
Josep-Àngel Mas ◽  
Anna Tudela
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
University Students ◽  
Language Use ◽  
Language Maintenance ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Relative Weight ◽  
Relative Importance ◽  
Inclusive Language ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Very High

Aims and objectives: The main aim of this study is to find out which social and ideological factors determine the maintenance of Catalan language in public contexts, and particularly the relative weight each factor contributes to the choice. The question is which of the socio-demographic and ideological factors determines to a greater extent the use of Catalan. Methodology: Participants completed a survey, which consisted of a sociolinguistic questionnaire and an attitudinal test based on the matched-guise technique. Sociolinguistic inferences concerning the relationship between different factors and language use were made using statistical methods. Data: Six hundred university students from the cities of Valencia, Palma and Barcelona answered the same survey. University students are a very interesting research group, since they are going to become part of the most influential social groups. Findings: Results from the analysis support the importance of social networks in understanding language maintenance, apart from making some differences between the territories clearer: this relative importance of social networks is very high in Valencia and Palma, but not in Barcelona. Originality: This study shows the first comparison between the influence of different kinds of factors in the use of the Catalan language, as well as the comparison between the behaviour of the three major Catalan-speaking cities. Furthermore, the focus on the factors related to university students’ language use is not a much-visited field. Significance and implications: The use of Catalan seems to be naturalized in Barcelona, whereas in Palma and Valencia the use of this language is more ideologized – and minor. The coincidence in the same territory, Catalonia, of the major language use in all situations and the more incisive and inclusive language policy should point out the direction that campaigns to promote Catalan in the other two regions should take.

scholarly journals KNOWLEDGE OF MEDIATION IN INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS TRAINING

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nedyalka Alexandrova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
International Business ◽  
Business Education ◽  
Business Training ◽  
Business Negotiations ◽  
International Business Education ◽  
The Relationship

The report outlines the peculiarities of international business in modern conditions such as the complexity and long-term nature of the relationship and substantiates the role of mediation in overcoming conflicts in them. The vision is expressed for opportunities for expanding the scope of mediation by introducing methods specific to it in conducting business negotiations. The need to include knowledge about mediation in international business education is substantiated.

scholarly journals KNOWLEDGE OF MEDIATION IN INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS TRAINING

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nedyalka Alexandrova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
International Business ◽  
Business Education ◽  
Business Training ◽  
Business Negotiations ◽  
International Business Education ◽  
The Relationship

The report outlines the peculiarities of international business in modern conditions such as the complexity and long-term nature of the relationship and substantiates the role of mediation in overcoming conflicts in them. The vision is expressed for opportunities for expanding the scope of mediation by introducing methods specific to it in conducting business negotiations. The need to include knowledge about mediation in international business education is substantiated.

scholarly journals Machiavellian Personality Tendencies and Interpersonal Difficulties in University Students

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 20-34
Author(s):  
Aqsa Khaliq ◽  
Umaiza Bashir ◽  
Zahid Mahmood
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Family System ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Interpersonal Difficulties ◽  
University Life ◽  
The University ◽  
Age Range ◽  
The Relationship

Interpersonal relationships are a very important part of the university life of a person. To explore the relationship between interpersonal difficulties and personality traits, a sample of 300 students in the age range of 18-28 years (M=22.04) was taken from different government and private universities. To measure the Machiavellian Personality Tendencies among students an indigenous tool was developed rooted inthe Pakistani culture. Interpersonal Difficulties Scale (Saleem, Ihsan, & Mahmood, 2014) was used. It was revealed that students with high Machiavellian Personality Tendencies have more interpersonal difficulties and Machiavellian Personality Tendencies, gender, family system and birth order are significant predictors of interpersonal difficulties in university students. These results are discussed in the Pakistani cultural context and their implications are stated for future research and therapeutic work.

scholarly journals Orthorexia Nervosa and its association with obsessive–compulsive disorder symptoms: initial cross-cultural comparison between Polish and Italian university students

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Brytek-Matera ◽  
Susanna Pardini ◽  
Justyna Modrzejewska ◽  
Adriana Modrzejewska ◽  
Paulina Szymańska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Orthorexia Nervosa ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Core Beliefs ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Two Samples

Abstract There is limited evidence of a link between Orthorexia Nervosa (ON) and Obsessive–Compulsive Disorder (OCD), and no definitive conclusions can be drawn. The interplay between socio-cultural context and ON has been poorly investigated as well. Therefore, the objectives of the present study were: (1) to investigate the differences in ON and OCD symptoms and (2) to assess the relationship between ON and OCD symptoms among university students. Six hundred and sixty-six university students participated in the present study: 286 from Poland and 320 from Italy. No age, gender and marital status differences were identified between two samples of university students. However, on average, Polish university students had a higher Body Mass Index than Italian ones. Our findings showed that Polish students present more problems related to obsessive symptomatology, core beliefs of OCD, perfectionism traits, and a major ON symptomatology than Italian ones. Also, Polish students with a higher level of ON exhibited higher levels of OCD symptoms and parental expectations/parental criticism. While Italian students with a higher level of ON showed higher levels of perfectionism features (organization and concern over mistakes). In general, correlations were low as confirmation of partial independence ON from OCD symptoms and core beliefs of OCD in both Polish and Italian university students. The present results highlight a need for further investigation of the correlates of ON across different cultural groups. Future research may screen individuals with ON to determine the comorbidity between ON and OCD symptomology to facilitate appropriate treatment choices. Level of evidence Level V, Opinions of respected authorities, based on descriptive studies, narrative reviews, clinical experience, or reports of expert committees.

scholarly journals Aggression, Pleasure, and Cognitive Dissonance

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesús M. Alvarado ◽  
J. Martin Ramirez
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
University Students ◽  
Cognitive Dissonance ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Young Offenders ◽  
Mediation Model ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Close Relationship ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between aggression, pleasure and decision-making is analyzed applying a mediation model of structural equation modeling (SEM). The study explored it in two samples of similar age: young offenders and university students. A close relationship between aggression and pleasure was found in both populations. But, whereas in the case of university students, this congruence leads to a normal or adjusted behavior, in the case of young offenders, however, a mismatched evaluation of conflict and provocation leads them to make unacceptable violence decisions.

The associations between urban green spaces and self-reported health for university students in Singapore and Turin

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liqing Zhang ◽  
Puay Yok Tan
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Green Space ◽  
Geographic Location ◽  
Green Spaces ◽  
Urban Green Spaces ◽  
National University ◽  
Reported Health ◽  
The Relationship

<p><span>Numerous studies have found that green spaces can promote human health. However, most of the studies only investigate the relationship between green space and health in one single city. Therefore, whether the relationship between green space and health differs among cities with distinct differences in social-cultural and climatic context or there are universal patterns regarding such relationship is still remain unanswered. To investigate this question, this study aims to compare the associations between green space quantity and self-reported health for university students in Singapore and Turin, two high density cities with different social-cultural and climatic context. Students from National University of Singapore (NUS) and Politecnico di Torino (POLITO) were involved in an online survey to measure their self-reported health, use of green spaces and confounding factors. Through collecting the geographic location of student’s residence from online survey, the quantity of green spaces within 400 m-radius buffer surrounding the residence was calculated for each respondent. Through statistical analysis, the associations between green space quantity and self-reported health were revealed in both cities. The results from this work enhanced the knowledge regarding the dependence of green space-health relationship on social-cultural context. </span></p>

Exploring Violence Socialization and Approval of Intimate Partner Violence Among University Students in Kosovo

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 1081-1107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaltrina Kelmendi ◽  
František Baumgartner
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
University Students ◽  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Cultural Context ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Ipv Perpetration ◽  
Perpetrators And Victims ◽  
The Relationship

Intimate partner violence (IPV) among university students is a prevalent problem in many countries; however, it is not currently recognized in Kosovo as a social issue in terms of research, prevention, and intervention. The aim of this article was to examine the relationship between violence socialization experiences, approval of violence, and IPV perpetration/victimization among university students in Kosovo. The questionnaires were administrated to a convenience sample of 700 students of University of Prishtina who were in relationship for 1 month or longer. The Revised Conflict Tactics Scale (CTS-2) was used for measuring physical, psychological, and sexual violence, whereas for measuring violence socialization and violence approval, scales from Personal and Relationships Profile (PRP) were used. Findings from this study show that there were statistically significant gender differences in terms of socialization and approval of violence among university students. Similarly, perpetrators and victims of IPV (physical, psychological, and sexual violence) showed higher rates of socialization of violence and tolerance toward IPV. Besides, findings indicate that approval of violence mediates the relationship between socialization of violence and IPV perpetration and victimization, for both genders. The implications of the current findings within a cultural context are also discussed.

Exploring the relationship of university students’ educational variables and the degree of their use of virtual social networks

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 182-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mansour Jalali ◽  
Asgarali Bouyer
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Social Media ◽  
University Students ◽  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Cultural Awareness ◽  
Educational Quality ◽  
Content Type ◽  
North West ◽  
Educational Variables ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore relationships among the university students’ educational variables and their educational variables concerning educational, cultural and social dimensions. Design/methodology/approach A questionnaire was developed and validated for analyzing the relationship between the amount of time spent for using social networks and different dimensions of educational quality. The sample participants in this study included 400 students who were selected from a total of 3,500 students in Eastern and Western Azerbaijan provinces at north-west of Iran in 2017. Finally, 342 of 400 questionnaires were considered for analyzing. The Pearson and Spearman correlation coefficients and multiple regression were used to analyze data. Findings The results proved that the highest correlation coefficient was related to social networks and education quality and the lowest correlation was related to social networks and cultural quality. The result of applying multiple regression proved that there is a linear relationship between the roles of using social networks in predicting students’ educational quality. Originality/value The role of academic and general social media in studying students’ educational quality at universities is still under researched. This situation provides a significant potential to explore on the effect of academic and general virtual social media in creating educational and cultural awareness among university’s students. The findings of the current study add to the existing literature by contributing to a better awareness of university student and applying appropriate strategies to conduct the education of students.

scholarly journals The Role of Self-Monitoring and Academic Effort in Students’ Career Adaptability and Job Search Self-Efficacy

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 726-740 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laramie R. Tolentino ◽  
Hataya Sibunruang ◽  
Patrick Raymund James M. Garcia
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Job Search ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Career Adaptability ◽  
Self Monitoring ◽  
Mediation Analyses ◽  
Academic Effort ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
The Relationship

This article examines the relationship between career adaptability, self-monitoring, academic effort, and job search self-efficacy among university students. Guided by the career construction and self-monitoring theories, we propose that self-monitoring mediates the relationship between career adaptability and job search self-efficacy. Furthermore, we hypothesize that the indirect relationship is stronger for those with high academic effort. We test our proposed model using two samples (Sample 1 = 340, Sample 2 = 547) of university students from Thailand. Results confirm our hypothesized relationships and suggest that career adaptability is positively associated with job search self-efficacy above and beyond the effects of gender. Moderated mediation analyses revealed that the conditional indirect effect of career adaptability in predicting job search self-efficacy via self-monitoring is stronger for students with high as opposed to low levels of academic effort. Implications for theory and practice are discussed.

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