scholarly journals Quantum efficiency of photosystem II and production of orange under salt stress and nitrogen fertilization

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 434-440 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jônatas R. M. de Sousa ◽  
Hans R. Gheyi ◽  
Marcos E. B. Brito ◽  
Claudivan F. de Lacerda ◽  
Francisco V. da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Photosystem Ii ◽  
Quantum Efficiency ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Fruit Production ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Yield Potential ◽  
Rangpur Lime ◽  
Maximum Quantum Efficiency

ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate the salt tolerance of 'Mimo do Céu' orange grafted onto three rootstocks using physiological parameters such as maximum quantum efficiency of photosystem II (PSII) and the production of fruits. It also evaluated the effectiveness of increased nitrogen (N) fertilization in reducing the effects of salt stress. Two concomitant experiments were carried out under controlled conditions, using drainage lysimeters. The Experiment I evaluated the effects of the application of five levels of saline water on three combinations of scion-rootstocks grafted with 'Mimo de Ceu' orange, in a randomized block design with three replicates in a 5 x 3 factorial scheme. The Experiment II evaluated the application of two N levels (100 and 200% of recommendation) in three scion-rootstock combinations irrigated with water of electrical conductivity of 3.0 dS m-1, in a 3 x 2 factorial scheme, with three replicates. The maximum quantum efficiency of PSII was inhibited in citrus plants under salt stress. 'Mimo do Ceu' orange grafted onto 'Common' Rangpur lime has higher yield potential. The increase in N dose did not reduce the deleterious effects of water salinity on fruit production.

scholarly journals Morphophysiology of Tahiti lime grafted onto Sunki mandarin hybrids under salt stress

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (8) ◽  
pp. 598-606
Author(s):  
Luderlândio A. Silva ◽  
Marcos E. B. Brito ◽  
Pedro D. Fernandes ◽  
Francisco V. da S. Sá ◽  
Rômulo C. L. Moreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Flowering Stage ◽  
Gas Exchanges ◽  
Rangpur Lime ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Irrigation Water Salinity ◽  
Electrical Conductivities ◽  
One Year

ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate the growth and physiology of citrus scion/rootstock combinations irrigated with saline water until the pre-flowering stage. The experiment was conducted in drainage lysimeters with capacity for 150 dm3, in randomized block design in a 2 x 10 factorial scheme, corresponding to two electrical conductivities of water (S1 = 0.3 and S2 = 3.0 dS m-1) and ten scion/rootstock combinations (nine hybrids and one commercial variety) grafted with Tahiti lime, in three repetitions and one plant per plot. Grafted seedlings were transplanted one year after sowing, subjected to salt stress from 15 days after transplanting until the pre-flowering period, and evaluated for gas exchanges and growth. The irrigation with 3.0 dS m-1 saline water did not influence the photosynthetic activity of the studied citrus scion/rootstock combinations until the pre-flowering. The genotype Santa Cruz Rangpur lime (LCRSTC) was more sensitive to irrigation water salinity in terms of growth. The least sensitive combinations to salinity were Tahiti lime grafted onto TSKFL x (LCR x TR) - 018, TSKFL x TRBK - 011 and TSKFL x TRBK - 30.

scholarly journals Effect of water salinity and potassium doses on physiological traits and growth of ‘Embrapa 51’ precocious dwarf cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.) rootstock

2020 ◽  
pp. 1748-1755
Author(s):  
Geovani Soares de Lima ◽  
Jailson Batista da Silva ◽  
Lauriane Almeida dos Anjos Soares ◽  
Reginaldo Gomes Nobre ◽  
Hans Raj Gheyi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Photosystem Ii ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Photochemical Efficiency ◽  
Water Salinity ◽  
Carotenoid Content ◽  
Potassium Fertilization ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Salinity Levels

In the semiarid regions, plants are constantly exposed to different conditions of abiotic stresses due to the occurrence of excess salts in both soil and water. Thus, it is extremely important to identify an alternative capable of minimizing the effects of salt stress on plants as a way to ensure the expansion of irrigated areas. In this context, this study aimed to evaluate the chloroplast pigments, photochemical efficiency and growth of ‘Embrapa 51’ precocious dwarf cashew as a function of irrigation with saline water and potassium fertilization in the rootstock formation stage. The study was conducted under greenhouse conditions in the municipality of Pombal, PB, Brazil, using a randomized block design in a 5 x 2 factorial scheme, corresponding to five levels of irrigation water electrical conductivity - ECw (0.4; 1.2; 2.0; 2.8 and 3.6 dS m-1) and two doses of potassium fertilization - KD (100 and 150% of the recommendation corresponding to 150 and 225 g K2O kg-1 soil), with two plants per plot and three replicates. Water salinity from 0.4 induced reductions in chlorophyll a and b synthesis, maximum and variable fluorescence and growth in sexually propagated precocious dwarf cashew seedlings and increases in carotenoid content and initial chlorophyll fluorescence. The quantum efficiency of photosystem II in cashew plants was decreased sharply with the increment in water salinity levels, standing out as indicative of damage to the photosystem II reaction centres. 'Embrapa 51' precocious dwarf cashew plants can be classified as sensitive to water salinity above 0.4 dS m-1. Potassium doses of 100 and 150% of the recommendation did not alleviate the effects of salt stress during the precocious dwarf cashew rootstock production phase.

scholarly journals Gas exchange of citrus rootstocks in response to intensity and duration of saline stress

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 725
Author(s):  
Roberta Chaiene Almeida Barbosa ◽  
Marcos Eric Barbosa Brito ◽  
Francisco Vanies da Silva Sá ◽  
Walter Dos Santos Soares-Filho ◽  
Pedro Dantas Fernandes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Water Salinity ◽  
Saline Stress ◽  
Santa Cruz ◽  
Rangpur Lime ◽  
Rough Lemon ◽  
Volkamer Lemon

Soil and water salinity cause physiological disorders in sensitive plants, such as altered gas exchange in citrus genotypes. However, it is possible to analyse these effects and to identify genotypes tolerant to salt stress. An experiment was carried out in order to evaluate the tolerance of citrus genotypes considering the irrigation with saline water during rootstock formation. The study took place under greenhouse conditions in Pombal county, Paraiba, Brazil. A randomised block design was used, with treatments arranged in a factorial scheme (5 x 8). The two factors were: [i] five salinity levels of irrigation water (0.8, 1.6, 2.4, 3.2 and 4.0 dS m-1) and [ii] eight genotypes of citrus rootstocks: 1. ‘Rangpur Santa Cruz’ lime (LCRSTC); 2. common ‘Sunki’ mandarin (TSKC) x ‘Swingle’ citrumelo (CTSW) - 028; 3. TSKC x CTSW - 033; 4. TSKC x CTSW - 041; 5. ‘Volkamer’ lemon (LVK) x ‘Rangpur’ lime (LCR) - 038; 6. ‘Sunki of Florida’ mandarin (TSKFL); 7. TSKC and 8. ‘Florida’ rough lemon (LRF). Gas exchange was evaluated at 15, 30 and 60 days after the beginning of the saline water application. High water salinity reduces gas exchange in citrus genotypes, which was more evident at 15 days from the beginning of stress. The genotypes ‘Santa Cruz Rangpur’ lime, TSKC x CTSW - 041, LVK x LCR - 038 and ‘Florida’ rough lemon exhibit a satisfactory physiological behaviour during the first 30 days of exposure to the stress, showing moderate tolerance to salt stress. The genotypes TSKC x CTSW - 033 and common ‘Sunki’ mandarin are the most sensitive to salinity.

scholarly journals SALINE WATER IRRIGATION AND NITROGEN FERTILIZATION ON THE CULTIVATION OF COLORED FIBER COTTON

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 151-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
GEOVANI SOARES DE LIMA ◽  
ADAAN SUDARIO DIAS ◽  
HANS RAJ GHEYI ◽  
LAURIANE ALMEIDA DOS ANJOS SOARES ◽  
ELYSSON MARCKS GONÇALVES ANDRADE
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Water Consumption ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Block Design ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Saline Water Irrigation ◽  
Use Efficiency

ABSTRACT In Northeast Brazil, the cultivation of colored fiber cotton has stood out as one of the agricultural activities of expressive importance because its fiber has various applications in the industry and it is a labor-demanding crop. In this context, this study aimed to evaluate the growth, water consumption, water use efficiency and production of the colored fiber cotton cv. ‘BRS Rubi’, as a function of saline water irrigation and nitrogen (N) doses. The experiment was conducted in lysimeters, under greenhouse conditions, in eutrophic Regolithic Neosol, with a sandy loam texture, in Campina Grande-PB, Brazil. The plants were irrigated using water with electrical conductivities (ECw) of 5.1, 6.1, 7.1, 8.1 and 9.1 dS m-1 and fertilized with N doses (ND) of 65, 100, 135, 170 and 205 mg N kg-1 soil, in a completely randomized block design, with three replicates. Irrigation using water with an ECw above 5.1 dS m-1, hampered growth, water consumption and water use efficiency of ‘BRS Rubi’ cotton. Among the organs, the cotton root system was less affected by the salt stress in comparison to the shoots. N fertilization did not mitigate the deleterious effect of salt stress on cotton growth, water consumption, water use efficiency and production. The interaction between water salinity and N fertilization had positive effects on total weight of seeds and lint, and the highest values were obtained in plants irrigated with water of ECw 7.6 and 7.5 dS m-1 and ND of 65 mg N kg-1 of soil.

scholarly journals Water Relations and Gas Exchanges of West Indian Cherry under Salt Stress and Nitrogen and Phosphorus Doses

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco V. da S. Sá ◽  
Hans R. Gheyi ◽  
Geovani S. de Lima ◽  
Emanoela P. de Paiva ◽  
Pedro D. Fernandes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Water Relations ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Chlorophyll A Fluorescence ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Block Design ◽  
West Indian ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Gas Exchanges

This study aimed to evaluate the interaction between the fertilization with nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) and irrigation with saline water on the water relations, gas exchanges and chlorophyll a fluorescence in West Indian cherry in the vegetative stage. The study was carried out in protected environment, using lysimeters filled with clay loam Regolithic Neosol, with low P content, installed in a randomized block design, arranged in a factorial scheme with five levels of electrical conductivity of irrigation water (ECw), and four managements of P and N fertilization, with three replicates and one plant per plot. Along the experiment, water relations, gas exchanges and chlorophyll a fluorescence were evaluated in West Indian cherry plants. The increase in irrigation water salinity reduces the gas exchanges of the plants, but the increment of 40% in N supply increases the photosynthetic activity of West Indian cherry at recommendation levels higher than 100:100% of the P/N ratio, when irrigated with ECw of up to 3.0 dS m-1. The combined action of N and P, at doses of 140:140% N/P recommendation, increases leaf turgor in the plants, regardless of the ECw level. The increment of 40% in N dose reduces the effects of salinity on the initial fluorescence of chlorophyll a in West Indian cherry irrigated with up to 2.2 dS m-1.

scholarly journals Morphophysiology of guava under saline water irrigation and nitrogen fertilization

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Idelfonso L. Bezerra ◽  
Reginaldo G. Nobre ◽  
Hans R. Gheyi ◽  
Leandro de P. Souza ◽  
Francisco W. A. Pinheiro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Block Design ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Water Salinity ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Irrigation Water Salinity ◽  
N Dose ◽  
Number Of Leaves

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to evaluate the growth of grafted guava cv. ‘Paluma’ subjected to different concentrations of salts in irrigation water and nitrogen (N) fertilization. The plants were transplanted to 150 L lysimeters and under field conditions at the Science and Agri-food Technology Center of the Federal University of Campina Grande, in the municipality of Pombal - PB. The experiment was conducted in randomized block design in a 5 x 4 factorial scheme, with three replicates, and the treatments corresponded to five levels of electrical conductivity of irrigation water - ECw (0.3; 1.1; 1.9; 2.7 and 3.5 dS m-1) and four N doses (70, 100, 130 and 160% of the N dose recommended for the crop). The doses equivalent to 100% corresponded to 541.1 mg of N dm-3 of soil. Irrigation water salinity above 0.3 dS m-1 negatively affects the number of leaves, leaf area, stem diameter, dry phytomass of leaves, branches and shoots . A significant interaction between irrigation water salinity and N fertilization was observed only for the number of leaves and leaf area at 120 days after transplanting. N dose above 70% of the recommendation (378.7 mg N dm-3 soil) did not mitigate the deleterious effects caused by salt stress on plant growth.

scholarly journals QUANTUM YIELD, PHOTOSYNTHETIC PIGMENTS AND BIOMASS OF MINIWATERMELON UNDER IRRIGATION STRATEGIES AND POTASSIUM1

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 659-669
Author(s):  
SAULO SOARES DA SILVA ◽  
GEOVANI SOARES DE LIMA ◽  
VERA LÚCIA ANTUNES DE LIMA ◽  
LAURIANE ALMEIDA DOS ANJOS SOARES ◽  
HANS RAJ GHEYI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Quantum Yield ◽  
Photosynthetic Pigments ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Biomass Accumulation ◽  
Maturation Stage ◽  
Fruit Maturation ◽  
Maturation Stages

ABSTRACT This study was conducted with the objective of evaluating the quantum yield, photosynthetic pigments and biomass accumulation of mini watermelon cv. Sugar Baby, under strategies of irrigation with saline water and potassium fertilization. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design, in a 8 × 3 factorial scheme, with three replicates, corresponding to eight strategies of irrigation with saline water applied at different phenological stages of the crop (control - irrigation with low-salinity water throughout the crop cycle, and salt stress in the vegetative, vegetative/flowering, flowering, flowering/fruiting, fruiting, fruiting/ fruit maturation and fruit maturation stage) and three potassium doses (50, 100 and 150% of the recommendation). The dose of 100% corresponded to 150 mg of K2O kg-1 of soil. Two levels of electrical conductivity of water were used: 0.8 and 4.0 dS m-1. Irrigation with water of 4.0 dS m-1 continuously in the vegetative and flowering stages increased the initial fluorescence and decreased the quantum efficiency of photosystem II of mini watermelon fertilized with 100 and 150% of K recommendation. Fertilization with 50% recommendation did not interfere in the fluorescence parameters of the mini watermelon, regardless of the irrigation management strategy. Chlorophyll a synthesis is inhibited by salt stress in the vegetative/flowering, flowering, flowering/fruiting, fruiting/maturation stages, as well as for total chlorophyll, except for the flowering stage. Application of 4.0 dS m-1 water in the flowering, fruiting/maturation and maturation stages promoted greater biomass accumulation in mini watermelon.

scholarly journals Potassium nutrition as a strategy to mitigate salt stress in melon grown under protected cultivation

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 3219-3234
Author(s):  
Giordanio Bruno Silva Oliveira ◽  
◽  
Francisco de Assis de Oliveira ◽  
Sandy Thomaz dos Santos ◽  
Mychelle Karla Teixeira de Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Nutrient Solution ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Internal Cavity ◽  
Potassium Nutrition ◽  
Fruit Diameter

The use of saline water is one of the major challenges of agriculture, as it can cause nutritional imbalances and thus reduce crop yield. This study proposes to examine the efficiency of potassium nutrition as a salt stress-mitigating agent in melon grown in a protected environment. The experiment was laid out in a randomized-block design with ten treatments in a 2 × 4 factorial arrangement represented by two melon cultivars (McLaren and SV1044MF) and four nutrient solutions (S1 - standard nutrient solution, 2.5 dS m-1; S2 - nutrient solution salinized with NaCl, 5.0 dS m-1; S3 - nutrient solution salinized with NaCl + 50% K, 6.5 dS m-1; and S4 - nutrient solution salinized with NaCl + 100% K, 7.5 dS m-1). Yield (average fruit weight, production, fruit diameter, internal cavity, and pulp thickness), quality (pulp firmness, total sugars, soluble solids [SS], vitamin C, pH, titratable acidity [TA] and SS/TA ratio) and nutritional (K, Na and K/Na ratio) variables were evaluated. Plants fertigated with standard nutrient solution showed the highest values for fruit weight (1,190.6 g), production (2,381.3 g per plant), fruit diameter (13.6 cm) and pulp thickness (2.6 cm). Cultivar McLaren produced heavier fruits (931.4 g) with larger diameter (12.4 cm) and pulp thickness (2.4 cm). The addition of NaCl to nutrient solution induced a reduction in the yield variables but did not influence fruit quality. The addition of extra K to salinized nutrient solution did not mitigate the deleterious effect of salinity on the yield of melon.

scholarly journals Production and quality of watermelon fruits under salinity management strategies and nitrogen fertilization

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (6supl2) ◽  
pp. 2923-2936
Author(s):  
Saulo Soares da Silva ◽  
◽  
Geovani Soares de Lima ◽  
Vera Lúcia Antunes de Lima ◽  
Hans Raj Gheyi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Saline Water ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Development Stage ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Salinity Water ◽  
Salinity Management

The objective of this study was to evaluate the production and quality of ‘Sugar Baby’ watermelon fruits under different strategies of irrigation with saline water and nitrogen (N) fertilization in an experiment conducted in a protected environment in Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brazil. The experimental design adopted was in blocks with a 6 × 2 factorial scheme, corresponding to six strategies of irrigation with saline water applied at different phenological stages of the crop (SE irrigation with low-salinity water throughout the cycle; salt stress at the vegetative stage VE; vegetative and flowering VE/FL; flowering FL; fruiting FR; fruit maturation MAT) and two N doses (50 and 100% of the recommendation, equivalent to 50 and 100 mg of N kg-1 of soil) with five replicates. Two levels of irrigation water salinity were studied, one with low and the other with high electrical conductivity (ECw = 0.8 and 3.2 dS m-1). The salt stress applied at the vegetative and flowering stages reduced the contents of ascorbic acid and total soluble solids in ‘Sugar Baby’ watermelon fruits. The dose equivalent to 50% of the N recommendation promoted a greater fresh weight of watermelon fruits. Fertilization with 100% of N increased the hydrogen potential of watermelon fruits under salt stress at the vegetative and flowering stages. The anthocyanin content of watermelon fruits decreased under salt stress, regardless of the development stage; however, with 50% of recommendation of N, there was an increase in this variable.

scholarly journals IMPACT OF SALINE CONDITIONS AND NITROGEN FERTILIZATION ON CITRUS PRODUCTION AND GAS EXCHANGES

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 415-424 ◽  
Author(s):  
JÔNATAS RAULINO MARQUES DE SOUSA ◽  
HANS RAJ GHEYI ◽  
MARCOS ERIC BARBOSA BRITO ◽  
DIEGO AZEVEDO XAVIER ◽  
GUILHERME DE FREITAS FURTADO
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Poncirus Trifoliata ◽  
Saline Stress ◽  
Gas Exchanges ◽  
Rangpur Lime ◽  
Associated Gas ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Citrus Production ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACT: In two simultaneous experiments, we evaluated the impact of brackish irrigation water and nitrogen (N) fertilization on the production of citrus (scion-rootstock combinations) and its associated gas exchanges. These experiments were conducted at the Campus of Federal University of Campina Grande, Brazil in a protected environment (shade screens on the sides) using drainage lysimeters. Experiment I used a randomized block design (3 replicates), in a 5 × 3 factorial arrangement, corresponding to five water salinity levels (0.6, 1.2, 1.8, 2.4, and 3.0 dS m-1) and three scion-rootstock combinations: RS1- Common Sunki mandarin (TSKC) × Poncirus trifoliata English (TRENG) - 256; RS2- Common Rangpur lime (LCRSTC); and RS3- TSKC × (Rangpur lime (LCR) × P. trifoliata (TR)) - 059; with Mimo do Céu orange as the scion variety. Experiment II used a randomized block design (3 replicates), in a 3 × 2 factorial arrangement, corresponding to the three scion/rootstock combinations and two nitrogen (N) doses (100 and 200 mg kg-1 of soil). Plants were irrigated with water of 3.0 dS m-1. For both experiments, gas exchanges and mean mass of fruits were evaluated at harvest. Gas exchanges were inhibited in plants under saline stress. Plants grafted with Common Rangpur lime showed greater production potential than did the other genotypes studied, even under brackish water conditions.

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