scholarly journals Methods of cultivation and technical coefficients of peanuts in the Bahian Recôncavo

2020 ◽  
Vol 87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fábio Botelho ◽  
Clovis Pereira Peixoto ◽  
Ademir Trindade Almeida ◽  
Gabriella Laura Peixoto Botelho
Keyword(s):  
Technical Assistance ◽  
Specific Form ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Labor Costs ◽  
Ethnobotanical Survey ◽  
Cultivation System ◽  
Northeast Region ◽  
Family Farmers ◽  
Local Farmers ◽  
Technical Coefficients

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to collect information about peanut cultivation methods adopted by family farmers in the Bahian Recôncavo (region that surrounds the bay in the state of Bahia, Brazil), using a specific form and also direct information from farmers. An ethnobotanical survey was carried out in the mesoregion of the Bahian Recôncavo in the following municipalities: Conceição do Almeida, Cruz das Almas, Maragogipe, São Felipe, São Felix, Sapeaçú and Laje (Vale do Jequiriçá), where 60 local farmers answered a nonstructured questionnaire about peanut cultivation. The cultivation system was estimated based on technical coefficients related to peanut cultivation in the area evaluated. The peanut cultivation system is carried out by family farmers from the Bahian Recôncavo who employ outdated practices and do not use the required basic steps. The technical coefficients analyzed show that the cultivation of peanut is an unprofitable activity when considering the high cost of production in this region, even though productivity is higher than in the entire state as well as in the Northeast region. Farmers in the Bahian Recôncavo do not consider the actual production costs of peanuts since they use seeds from previous crops and do not account for the labor costs of family members. There is a lack of active and continuous technical assistance to family farmers, not only in relation to the cultivation system, but also the possibility of other destinations for peanuts produced in the region.

SELISIH BIAYA PRODUKSI SEBAGAI ALAT PENGENDALIAN MANAJEMEN PT INDO PUSAKA BERAU

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (02) ◽  
pp. 397
Author(s):  
SAFITRI NURHIDAYATI ◽  
RIZKI AMELYA SYAM
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Analytical Tool ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Labor Costs ◽  
Material Costs ◽  
Library Research ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Cost

This study aims to analyze whether the difference that occurs in the cost of raw materials, direct labor, and factory overhead costs between the standard costs and the actual costs in PLTU LATI is a difference that is favorable or unfavorable. Data collection techniques with field research and library research. The analytical tool used is the analysis of the difference in raw material costs, the difference in direct labor costs and the difference in factory overhead costs. The hypothesis in this study is that the difference allegedly occurs in the cost of raw materials, direct labor costs, and factory overhead costs at PT Indo Pusaka Berau Tanjung Redeb is a favorable difference. The results showed that the difference in the cost of producing MWh electricity at PT Indo Pusaka Berau Tanjung Redeb in 2018, namely the difference in the price of raw material costs Rp. 548,029.80, - is favorable, the difference in quantity of raw materials is Rp. 957,216,602, - is (favorable) , the difference in direct labor costs Rp 2,602,642,084, - is (unfavorable), and the difference in factory overhead costs Rp 8,807,051,422, - is (favorable) This shows that the difference in the overall production cost budget is favorable or profitable. This beneficial difference shows that the company is really able to reduce production costs optimally in 2018.  

scholarly journals Agro-Economic Evaluation of Alternative Crop Management Options for Teff Production in Midland Agro-Ecology, Ethiopia

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 298
Author(s):  
Fekremariam Asargew Mihretie ◽  
Atsushi Tsunekawa ◽  
Nigussie Haregeweyn ◽  
Enyew Adgo ◽  
Mitsuru Tsubo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Management Practices ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Crop Management ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Agronomic Performance ◽  
Labor Costs ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Weed Population

Teff is an important crop for smallholder farmers in Ethiopia. Improved crop management practices are needed to increase teff productivity and decrease production costs. Here, we used a split–split plot design to evaluate the impacts of different tillage, sowing, and soil compaction practices, and their combinations, on agronomic performance, weed population, lodging, and cost in teff production at the Aba Gerima watershed in northwestern Ethiopia in 2018–2020. Reduced tillage (RT) improved soil moisture, resulting in increased agronomic performance and decreased production costs compared with conventional tillage (CT); however, the weed population was substantially larger with RT than with CT. Row planting (RP) reduced seed cost and lodging but increased sowing and weeding costs compared with broadcast planting (BP). Plant population and leaf area index were substantially greater with BP than with RP during early-stage growth, but this reversed during late-stage growth. Despite labor costs being significantly greater with (WC) compaction than without (NC), little to no differences were observed in the weed population or in agronomic performance. Partial cost–benefit analysis revealed that RT–RP–WC followed by RT–RP–NC was the most economical treatment combination, suggesting that RT–RP–NC could be a labor-effective means of increasing teff production by smallholder farms in Ethiopia.

scholarly journals Rancangan sistem pengukuran kinerja untuk penentuan key performance indicator dengan metode Balance scorecard

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 248
Author(s):  
Lucky Setiawan ◽  
Yuliani Fauziah
Keyword(s):  
Performance Measurement ◽  
Balanced Scorecard ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Corporate Strategy ◽  
Performance Indicator ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Success Factor ◽  
Key Performance Indicator ◽  
Labor Costs ◽  
The Balanced Scorecard

This research adopts the Vision and Mission of a textile company headquartered in Tangerang. This company produces producing polo shirts, golf shirts, track suits, sweat shirts, and pants using materials such as single jersey, pique, lace in cotton, polyester, and others. The company's vision and mission can represent other textile companies that have the same processes and products. The characteristics of textile companies that have processes with human skill factors become critical points that are difficult to replace with robot technology. This has an impact on the needs of a large number of human resources in the industry. The increase in labor costs which always increases every year has a very significant impact on production costs. Thus, expansion is one of the critical factors to be used as a top management strategy in determining the current KPI items. The Balanced Scorecard is a performance evaluation method that can meet these expectations. The design of company performance measurement in this study begins with the translation of the company's vision and mission, secondly, making a proposed corporate strategy using the PQCDSME approach (profit, quality, Cost, Delivery, Service, Moral, Environment). Third, calcify the company's strategy into the perspective of the balanced scorecard. Fourth, the decision making process to determine KPI items using the brainstorming method. Fifth, determining the critical success factor and key performance indicator. Other factors are also compared between the achievement of the previous year as an illustration of determining a target. So the target given will be in accordance with the SMART rules (speciefic, measurable, achievable, realistic and timely). The results are obtained with 4 criteria (financial, consumer, internal business processes, learning and growth). This performance measurement produced 19 key performance indicators, consisting of 6 financial perspective indicators, 1 customer perspective indicator, 7 internal business process perspective indicators, and 5 growth and learning perspective indicators.

scholarly journals CALCULATION OF PRODUCTION COST IN UD. USAHA BARU WITH FULL COSTING METHOD

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-42
Author(s):  
Suprianto Suprianto ◽  
Bina Andari ◽  
Yely Sulistyawati
Keyword(s):  
Production Cost ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Labor Costs ◽  
Material Costs ◽  
Other Information ◽  
Cost Of Production ◽  
The Cost

This study aims to evaluate the calculation of cost of production. The accuracy of the calculation of cost of production is influenced by the suitability in the accumulation and calculation of production costs which includes the cost of raw materials, direct labor costs and other costs (factory overhead costs). This research was conducted at UKM UD. Usaha Baru which aims to determine the calculation of cost of production at UD. Usaha Baru and to find out whether the calculation of cost of production is in accordance with the full costing method. The technique (method) of data analysis used in this study is quantitative analysis. Data collection techniques use interview techniques directly to obtain information from the number of units of monthly production, raw material costs, direct labor costs, and factory overhead costs, as well as other information relating to the calculation of cost of production. Based on the evaluation results for the calculation of raw material costs and labor costs are in accordance with the full costing method. However, the calculation of factory overhead costs is not in accordance with the full costing method because there are costs that have not been included in the calculation of production costs.

Competitiveness of Timber Floor Elements: An Assessment of Structural Properties, Production, Costs, and Carbon Emissions

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-123
Author(s):  
Sveinung Nesheim ◽  
Kjell Arne Malo ◽  
Nathalie Labonnote
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
Solution Space ◽  
Wood Products ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Labor Costs ◽  
International Consensus ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Manufactured Products ◽  
Product Specifications

Abstract As long-spanning timber floor elements attempt to achieve a meaningful market share, proof of serviceability continues to be a demanding task as international consensus remains unsettled. Initiatives to improve vibration levels are achievable, but a lack of confidence in the market is resulting in increases in margins for both manufacturers and contractors. State-of-the-art concrete alternatives are offered at less than half the price, and even though timber floors offer reduced completion costs and low carbon emissions, the market is continuously reserved. Cost reductions for timber floor elements to competitive levels must be pursued throughout the product details and in the stages of manufacturing. As new wood products are introduced to the market, solution space is increased to levels that demand computerized optimization models, which require accurate expenditure predictions. To meet this challenge, a method called item-driven activity-based consumption (IDABC) has been developed and presented in this study. The method establishes an accurate relationship between product specifications and overall resource consumption linked to finished manufactured products. In addition to production time, method outcomes include cost distributions, including labor costs, and carbon emissions for both accrued materials and production-line activities. A novel approach to resource estimation linked to assembly friendliness is also presented. IDABC has been applied to a timber component and assembly line operated by a major manufacturer in Norway and demonstrates good agreement with empirical data.

scholarly journals The Potential for Economic Development in Rural Communities in the Northeast

1981 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 21-28
Author(s):  
Frank M. Goode
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
New England ◽  
Economic Performance ◽  
Labor Costs ◽  
Market Conditions ◽  
Northeast Region ◽  
Manufacturing Sectors ◽  
Traditional Manufacturing ◽  
Future Economic Development

Recently released reports of the 1980 Census of Population has again focussed attention on the relatively poor economic performance of the Northeast region. This paper suggests that the labor costs and market conditions that have allegedly been responsible for the movement of traditional manufacturing out of the Northeast may be changing. Thus, this movement will not be a “drag” on the future economic development of the Northeast. The potential “turnaround” in the Northeast is suggested by the recent economic performance in New England and by Pittsburgh's ability to attract firms in rapidly growing manufacturing sectors.

GETTING THE MOST OUT OF DAIRY EQUIPMENT*1

1954 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 190-193
Author(s):  
Carl W. Hall
Keyword(s):  
Production Costs ◽  
Labor Costs ◽  
Major Field ◽  
Economical Analysis ◽  
Time Requirements ◽  
Plant Equipment ◽  
Dairy Equipment ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Work Method

To hold the cost of products sold at a competitive level in face of rising prices, it is necessary that production costs be held to a minimum. The first major field of reduction of production costs is in labor costs. In order to get the most out of dairy equipment labor must be properly used. When the time requirements of a job are reduced by improving the method, the worker must be gainfully employed at some other assignment. There are beneficial changes which provide leisure, add to the comfort of the worker, and reduce the hazards of his work. Changes in plant equipment arrangement may be made even though they are not justified on a purely economical analysis. The paper presents principles, with applications, which can be followed in each plant to improve the work method and decrease time requirements.

Multi-criteria optimization of skidding process on optional fellings

10.12737/1770 ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 61-65
Author(s):  
Филичкина ◽  
Maria FilichkinaM ◽  
Абрамов ◽  
Vitaliy Abramov
Keyword(s):  
Production Costs ◽  
Labor Costs ◽  
Dimensionless Quantity ◽  
Tree Stand ◽  
Direct Production ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Weighting Coefficients

The paper proposes generalized criterion for evaluating the effectiveness of the primary timber transportation, featuring simultaneous consideration of direct production costs, labor costs, and the cost of laying skid trails and the loss on their removal from the process of forest growing, as well as damage to the felling of the tree stand. The technique of leading the criteria in unequal dimensions to the dimensionless quantity for their convolution using a series of weighting coefficients to optimize the logging is shown.

scholarly journals Gestão dos custos em uma propriedade leiteira familiar do sul de Minas Gerais

ForScience ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. e00528
Author(s):  
Leandro Carvalho Bassotto ◽  
Luiz Kennedy Cruz Machado
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Farming ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Family Farm ◽  
Economic Costs ◽  
Family Farmers ◽  
Descriptive Research ◽  
Break Even Point ◽  
Better Than

A gestão dos custos é fundamental para contribuir com o bom gerenciamento da atividade leiteira e pode contribuir para que melhores resultados econômicos para propriedades leiteiras familiares sejam alcançados. Este estudo teve por objetivo analisar os custos de produção de uma propriedade familiar produtora de leite e verificar a contribuição da pecuária leiteira para o desenvolvimento econômico para produtores familiares. Foi realizada uma pesquisa quantitativa e descritiva, configurada como estudo de caso em uma propriedade leiteira situada no sul do Estado de Minas Gerais para analisar questões relacionadas aos custos de produção e resultados econômicos da atividade com dados coletados entre os anos de 2010 e 2017. A produção de leite da propriedade esteve a maior parte dos anos abaixo do ponto de equilíbrio. As receitas da atividade não foram capazes de remunerar o custo operacional total (COT) e o custo total (CT) na maioria dos anos analisados. Contudo, os resultados sugerem que a gestão dos custos da propriedade analisada está se desenvolvendo, pois os resultados econômicos dos últimos anos foram melhores que aqueles obtidos nos primeiros anos da pesquisa. A pecuária leiteira se mostrou como uma importante fonte geradora de riqueza e renda para produtores de leite familiares. Palavras-chave: Custos econômicos. Custos de produção. Custos operacionais.   Management of costs in a family milk property of south of Minas Gerais Abstract Cost management is fundamental to contribute to the good management of dairy farming and can contribute to achieving better economic results for family dairy farms. This study aimed to analyze the production costs of a family farm producing milk and to verify the contribution of dairy farming to the economic development for family farmers. A quantitative and descriptive research was carried out, configured as a case study in a dairy property located in the south of the State of Minas Gerais to analyze issues related to production costs and economic results of the activity with data collected between the years 2010 and 2017. A Most of the years' milk production has been below break-even point. The activity's revenues were not able to remunerate the total operational cost (COT) and the total cost (CT) in most of the years analyzed. However, the results suggest that the management of the costs of the analyzed property is developing, since the economic results of the last years were better than those obtained in the first years of the research. Dairy farming proved to be an important source of wealth and income for family milk producers. Keywords: Economic costs. Production costs. Operational costs.

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