scholarly journals Anthropometric characteristics and physical performance of taekwondo athletes

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andressa Formalioni ◽  
Bruno Fernandes Antunez ◽  
Fabrício Boscolo Del Vecchio ◽  
Léo Dutra Cabistany ◽  
Victor Silveira Coswig ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Performance ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Vertical Jump ◽  
Performance Tests ◽  
Isometric Handgrip ◽  
Performance Variables ◽  
Specific Performance ◽  
Anthropometric Characteristics ◽  
Senior Athletes ◽  
The City

Abstract The purpose of this investigation was to measure anthropometric and physical performance variables of TKD athletes from the city of Pelotas - RS. Forty-five athletes aged 16.4 ± 5.2 years and time of practice of 3.25 ± 3.6 years were evaluated. Athletes performed anthropometric evaluation and physical, general and specific performance tests. In the sum of seven skin folds, men presented lower values ??(106.1 ± 49.5 mm versus 143.4 ± 43.2 mm, p <0.002). Male seniors presented better performance in the vertical jump compared to beginners (42.3 ± 8.5cm versus 24.8 ± 10.1cm, p <0.03) and to women (22.1 ± 4.3cm, p <0.03). Graduated individuals perform higher number of arm pushups than beginners and women and more repetitions in the abdominal test. Male junior and senior athletes had higher isometric handgrip strength than females (48.3 ± 3.9 kgf and 38.1 ± 12.6 kgf versus 29 ± 5.6 kgf, p <0.001). Men covered longer distance in the yo-yo test than women (606.6 ± 233.8m versus 200 ± 113.1m, p <0.001). In the Wingate test, men produced greater peak and average relative power. No differences in flexibility were observed. In the single kick test, seniors kicked faster than less experienced athletes (200.6 ± 12.3m / s versus 258 ± 5.6m / s, p <0.001) and performed greater number of kicks in the 21s, 6 ± 2.1 reps versus 15.5 ± 0.7 reps, p <0.001). It was concluded that there are differences between male and female TKD athletes regarding anthropometric and motor characteristics, and that more experienced athletes exhibit greater general and specific physical fitness.

Effects of Caffeine Ingestion on Physical Performance in Elite Women Handball Players: A Randomized, Controlled Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 1406-1413 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandro Muñoz ◽  
Álvaro López-Samanes ◽  
Alberto Pérez-López ◽  
Millán Aguilar-Navarro ◽  
Berta Moreno-Heredero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Performance ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Strength Test ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Double Blind Study ◽  
Countermovement Jump ◽  
Isometric Handgrip ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Caffeine Ingestion ◽  
Local Positioning System

Purpose: To investigate the effects of acute caffeine (CAFF) intake on physical performance in elite women handball players. Methods: A total of 15 elite women handball players participated in a randomized, double-blind study. In 2 different trials, participants ingested either a placebo (cellulose) or 3 mg of CAFF per kilogram of body mass (mg/kg bm) before undergoing a battery of neuromuscular tests consisting of handball throws, an isometric handgrip strength test, a countermovement jump, a 30-m sprint test (SV) and a modified version of the agility T test. Then, participants performed a simulated handball game (2 × 20 min), and movement patterns were recorded with a local positioning system. Results: Compared with the placebo, CAFF increased ball velocity in all ball throws (P = .021–.044; effect size [ES] = 0.39–0.49), strength in isometric handgrip strength test (350.8 [41.2] vs 361.6 [46.1] N, P = .034; ES = 0.35), and countermovement-jump height (28.5 [5.5] vs 29.8 [5.5] cm; P = .006; ES = 0.22). In addition, CAFF decreased running time in the SV (4.9 [0.2] vs 4.8 [0.3] s; P = .042; ES = −0.34). In the simulated game, CAFF increased the frequency of accelerations (18.1 [1.2] vs 18.8 [1.0] number/min; P = .044; ES = 0.54), decelerations (18.0 [1.2] vs 18.7 [1.0] number/min; P = .032; ES = 0.56), and body impacts (20 [8] vs 22 [10] impacts/min; P = .032; ES = 0.30). However, postexercise surveys about self-reported feelings of performance indicate that players did not feel increased performance with CAFF. Conclusion: Preexercise ingestion of 3 mg/kg bm of CAFF improved ball-throwing velocity, jump, and sprint performance and the frequency of in-game accelerations and decelerations in elite women handball players.

scholarly journals Effects of Beetroot Juice Ingestion on Physical Performance in Highly Competitive Tennis Players

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 584 ◽  
Author(s):  
Álvaro López-Samanes ◽  
Alberto Pérez-López ◽  
Victor Moreno-Pérez ◽  
Fabio Yuzo Nakamura ◽  
Jorge Acebes-Sánchez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Performance ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Good Evidence ◽  
Test Battery ◽  
Low Doses ◽  
Beetroot Juice ◽  
Countermovement Jump ◽  
Isometric Handgrip ◽  
Tennis Players ◽  
Inorganic Nitrate

Beetroot juice (BJ) contains high levels of inorganic nitrate (NO3−) and its intake has good evidence in increasing blood nitrate/nitrite concentrations. The ingestion of BJ has been associated with improvements in physical performance of endurance sports, however the literature in intermittent sports is scarce. The aim of this study was to investigate whether BJ could improve physical performance in tennis players. Thirteen well-trained tennis players (25.4 ± 5.1 years) participated in the study during their preparatory period for the tennis season. Subjects were randomly divided into two groups and performed a neuromuscular test battery after either BJ or placebo (PLA) consumption. Both trials were executed on two separate days, in randomized order, with one week of wash out period. The test battery consisted of serve velocity test (SVT), countermovement jump (CMJ), isometric handgrip strength (IHS), 5-0-5 agility test (5-0-5), and 10 m sprint (10-m). No significant differences were found in SVT (1.19%; p = 0.536), CMJ (0.96%; p = 0.327), IHS (4.06%; p = 0.069), 5-0-5 dominant and nondominant side (1.11–2.02%; p = 0.071–0.191) and 10-m (1.05%; p = 0.277) when comparing BJ and PLA ingestion. Thus, our data suggest that low doses of BJ (70 mL) consumption do not enhance tennis physical performance.

scholarly journals Niveles de condición física de escolares de educación primaria en relación a su nivel de actividad física y al género (Fitness levels of elementary school children in relation to gender and level of physical activity)

Retos ◽  
2015 ◽  
pp. 17-22
Author(s):  
Gema Torres-Luque ◽  
Elisabeth Carpio ◽  
Amador Lara Sánchez ◽  
Mª Luisa Zagalaz Sánchez
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Vertical Jump ◽  
Maximal Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Fitness Level ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
Primary Schoolchildren ◽  
Anthropometric Characteristics ◽  
Educación Primaria

Se pretende valorar el nivel de condición física de escolares de Educación Primaria en relación a su nivel de actividad física y determinar las posibles diferencias en cuanto al género en relación al nivel de actividad física. Se seleccionaron 420 participantes (10.04 ± 1.26 años, una masa de 41.29 ± 11.56 kg, una talla de 142.44 ± 9.32 cm. y un IMC de 20.04 ± 4.24 kg./m2), los cuales fueron divididos en tres grupos en relación a su nivel de actividad física y a su vez, se consideró el género de los mismos. Se realizó una valoración antropométrica (masa, talla, IMC, Ratio cintura-cadera), fuerza isométrica manual (mano dominante y no dominante), flexibilidad isquiosural, evaluación del salto vertical (CMJ) y capacidad cardiorrespiratoria (estimación del VO2 max.). Los resultados muestran unas características de composición corporal consideradas como normales para la población infantil, existiendo escasas diferencias en cuanto al nivel de actividad física. Sí se observan diferencias en cuanto a la capacidad cardiorrespiratoria. Se observan diferencias respecto al género en cuanto a la potencia de piernas, siendo mayor en los chicos que en las chicas. A su vez, las chicas obtienen mayores valores de flexibilidad. Palabras clave: condición física, género, educación primaria, nivel de actividad física.Abstract: To assess the fitness level of primary schoolchildren in relation to their physical activity level and identify potential gender differences in regard to the level of physical activity. 420 subjects (10.04 ± 1.26 years, 41.29 ± 11.56 mass kg., 9.32 ± size 142.44 cm. and 20.04 ± 4.24 BMI of kg/m2) we selected. They were divided into three groups regarding their level of physical activity An anthropometric (mass, height, BMI, waist-hip ratio), and physical fitness (handgrip strength, vertical jump, flexibility and maximal oxygen consumption) were evaluated. The results show lower difference on anthropometric characteristics. There are few differences in the level of physical activity, basically in fitness cardiorespiratory. Male show better values of vertical jump than female. In turn, female  have higher values of flexibility. Key words: fitness level, gender, primary school, physical activity

scholarly journals The effects of plyometric training with additional weight applied to football athletes-students on some physical and physiological features and chronic muscle damage

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 405-424
Author(s):  
Tayfun Şirin
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Damage ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Vertical Jump ◽  
Sprint Performance ◽  
Performance Tests ◽  
Plyometric Training ◽  
Weight Group ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Additional Weight

The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of plyometric training with additional weight on physical performance and muscle damage findings in faculty of sports sciences athlete-students. Physical performance tests and blood samples of the athlete-students (male 23.41 ± 3.2 years old) were collected both from sample and the control groups at the first week of the study  and at the last training of the twelfth week. During the study, plyometric training programs were applied to the additional weight  group (AWG)  and no additional weight group (AG).  By the end of first and twelfth week, players’ BMI and body fat percentage tests were applied together with the physical tests of shuttle, yoyo, vertical jump, horizontal jump, agility and sprint performance tests. Blood samples were also taken to check muscle damage control markers (CK and LDH). Results: According to the results of tests performed at the end of first and twelfth weeks’ plyometric trainings on group with additional weight group (AWG), shuttle, yoyo and horizontal jumping were found to be significantly increased, while sprint performance, BMI and body fat performance tests were significantly decreased. The test results of the group without additional weight (AG) was; significant increase in shuttle, yoyo and vertical jump while significant decrease in sprint performance and fat %. By the end of twelve week plyometric trainings, no muscle damage has been observed in (AWG), CK pre-training (229,00 ± 155,25) and post training values (242,33 ± 193,67)  and LDH pre-training (169,75 ± 40,85) and post-training (174,33 ± 39,12) values.  As a result of the study, 12-week plyometric training with additional weight applied to football  athletes-students not only increased their physical performance, but also muscle damage (CK and LDH) was not observed.

scholarly journals Anthropometric Characteristics and Vertical Jump Abilities by Player Position and Performance Level of Junior Female Volleyball Players

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (16) ◽  
pp. 8377
Author(s):  
Suncica Pocek ◽  
Zoran Milosevic ◽  
Nemanja Lakicevic ◽  
Kristina Pantelic-Babic ◽  
Milka Imbronjev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Jump ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Performance Level ◽  
Performance Variables ◽  
Performance Requirements ◽  
Anthropometric Characteristics ◽  
Volleyball Players ◽  
Age Appropriate ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Women's Volleyball

Although absolute jump heights should be considered an important factor in judging the performance requirements of volleyball players, limited data is available on age-appropriate categories. The purpose of this study is to determine the differences in specific anthropometric characteristics and jumping performance variables in under−19 female volleyball players in relation to playing position and performance level. The sample of subjects consisted of 354 players who prepared for the U19 Women’s Volleyball European Championship 2020 (17.4 ± 0.8 years, 1.81 ± 0.07 m, 67.5 ± 7.1 kg). Playing positions analyzed were setters (n = 55), opposites (n = 37), middle blockers (n = 82), outside hitters (n = 137), and liberos (n = 43). The results showed player position differences in every performance level group in variables of body height, spike, and block jump. Observed differences are a consequence of highly specific tasks of different positions in the composition of the team. Players of different performance levels are significantly different, with athletes of higher-ranked teams achieving better results. The acquired data could be useful for the selection and profiling of young volleyball players.

scholarly journals Reference Values of Physical Performance in Thai Elderly People Who Are Functioning Well and Dwelling in the Community

2013 ◽  
Vol 93 (10) ◽  
pp. 1312-1320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thiwabhorn Thaweewannakij ◽  
Sirinat Wilaichit ◽  
Renu Chuchot ◽  
Yaowaraporn Yuenyong ◽  
Jiamjit Saengsuwan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elderly People ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Reference Values ◽  
Performance Tests ◽  
Walk Test ◽  
Functional Tests ◽  
Functional Impairments ◽  
Anthropometric Characteristics ◽  
Physical Abilities ◽  
Age And Sex

BackgroundBecause the number of elderly people is rapidly increasing, reference values for the physical abilities necessary to independently conduct daily activities are crucial for promoting good health. Although a few studies have reported reference values for functional tests relating to these abilities, all of those values were derived from populations in developed countries, which have baseline demographic and anthropometric characteristics different from those of Thai people.ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to describe reference values for 5 physical performance tests for Thai elderly people who were functioning well and dwelling in the community.DesignA cross-sectional design was used in this study.MethodsA total of 1,030 Thai elderly people who were functioning well were cross-sectionally assessed for their physical abilities with 5 functional tests: 10-Meter Walk Test, Berg Balance Scale, Timed “Up & Go” Test, Five Times Sit-to-Stand Test, and Six-Minute Walk Test. The data were reported with descriptive statistics according to decade of age and sex. Differences among the age decades and between the sexes were analyzed with a 1-way analysis of variance and an independent-sample t test, respectively. Multiple linear regression analyses were used to determine baseline characteristics important in functional abilities.ResultsMost of the values found for the performance-based measures were lower than those previously reported, with a significant trend toward age- and sex-related functional decline. Weight and height were important contributors to level of functional ability.LimitationsOnly a few elderly individuals older than 90 years of age participated in this study. Therefore, their findings were combined with those of participants aged 80 to 89 years.ConclusionsThe findings described here may be useful as reference values for 5 physical performance tests for Thai elderly people. Health practitioners can use this information to identify functional impairments early and to promote independence in Thai and other elderly populations with similar anthropometric characteristics, such as those in the Association of South East Asian Nations.

scholarly journals Anthropometric Characterization and Physical Performance by Age and Biological Maturation in Young Tennis Players

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (20) ◽  
pp. 10893
Author(s):  
Pablo Luna-Villouta ◽  
Marcelo Paredes-Arias ◽  
Carol Flores-Rivera ◽  
Claudio Hernández-Mosqueira ◽  
Ricardo Souza de Carvalho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Performance ◽  
Vertical Jump ◽  
Biological Age ◽  
Chronological Age ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Tennis Players ◽  
Performance Variables ◽  
Shoulder Flexibility ◽  
Biological Maturity ◽  
Run Test

The objective was to analyze anthropometric and physical performance variables as a function of chronological age and biological maturity in young Chilean tennis players. The study was observational, cross-sectional, with descriptive and analytical characteristics. Eighty-seven tennis players were evaluated (58 men 15.1 ± 0.8 years and 29 women, 15.3 ± 0.8 years). The measured anthropometric variables were a sprint test of 20m; a modified agility test; a sit-and-reach test and shoulder flexibility; manual grip strength; horizontal jump in feet; a medicine ball throw; a countermovement vertical jump; an abalakov vertical jump and a 20-m shuttle-run test. The growth velocity acceleration peak (APHV), skeletal muscle mass and fat mass were calculated, R2 and standard error of estimate (SEE) were examined. The results show that chronological age explained the anthropometric variables between 1 and 23% in men and 1 and 29% in women; by biological age, variables were explained between 3 and 53% in men and 2 and 42% in women. Of the physical performance variables, chronological age described between 2 and 24% of them in men and 1 and 29% in women; the same were explained by biological age between 1 and 19% in men and 1 and 26% in women. We conclude that anthropometric variables showed a better relationship with biological age, except for volume of fat tissue, while physical performance variables showed low association with both biological and chronological age.

scholarly journals Effects of Six Weeks of High-Intensity Functional Training on Physical Performance in Participants with Different Training Volumes and Frequencies

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (17) ◽  
pp. 6058
Author(s):  
Rômulo Vasconcelos Teixeira ◽  
Gilmário Ricarte Batista ◽  
Arnaldo Luis Mortatti ◽  
Paulo Moreira Silva Dantas ◽  
Breno Guilherme de Araújo Tinôco Cabral
Keyword(s):  
Physical Performance ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Vertical Jump ◽  
Training Load ◽  
Training Volume ◽  
Jump Height ◽  
Functional Training ◽  
Vertical Jump Height ◽  
And Training

High-intensity functional training (HIFT) is characterized by presenting high volumes and training intensities with constantly varied exercises. The aim of this study was to analyze the internal training load and the effects of high-intensity functional training on physical performance in subjects with different training volumes and frequencies. A total of 31 volunteers involved in high-intensity functional training (14 men and 17 women) were divided according to their training volumes and frequencies (high training-volume and frequency—HTVF; (n = 17) (nine women and eight men; age: 31.0 ± 6.3 years; height: 168.8 ± 8.1 cm, body weight: 73.6 ± 11.9 kg; BMI: 25.96 kg/m2) and moderate training volume and frequency—MTVF; (n = 14) (eight women and six men; age: 26.6 ± 4.7 years; height: 167.2 ± 8.6 cm, body weight: 75.8 ± 18.0 kg; BMI: 27.33 kg/m2)). The internal training load was determined using the session-rating of perceived exertion method. The monotony index (MI) and training strain (TS) were used to determine training variability during the training weeks. Countermovement vertical jump height, 20-m sprinting and handgrip strength were assessed at baseline and after six weeks of training. There was a time effect for MI ((F(5, 145) = 5.942; p = 0.0001)), TS ((F(5, 145) = 5.734; p = 0.0001)), weekly internal training load ((F(4.006, 116.87) = 4.188; p = 0.003)) and mean weekly internal training load ((F(4.006, 116.87) = 4.188; p = 0.003)). There was no increase in performance in either group for countermovement vertical jump height ((F(1,29) = 6.081; p = 0.050)), sprinting ((F(1,29) = 1.014; p = 0.322)), right handgrip strength ((F(1,29) = 2.522; p = 0.123)) or left handgrip strength ((F(1,29) = 2.550; p = 0.121)). The current findings suggest that six weeks of high-intensity functional training was not able to increase performance in either group. Therefore, different volumes and frequencies do not seem to influence the increase in physical performance of HIFT practitioners.

scholarly journals Physical Characteristics Of Female Basketball Players According To Playing Position

2015 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Kucsa ◽  
Peter Mačura
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Jump ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Physical Characteristics ◽  
Performance Tests ◽  
Basketball Players ◽  
Basketball Court ◽  
Specific Performance ◽  
Lower Body Power ◽  
One Way Anova ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract Physical characteristics play an important role in the selection of young basketball players and the progress in their playing performance. The aim of the study was to analyze differences in chosen physical characteristics of Slovak U17 female basketball players with respect to their playing positions. We assumed, that there will be statistically significant differences between playing positions in each performance tests results. Chosen characteristics were analyzed for 14 players (mean/SD, age 16.34±0.82; body height 179.72±8.04 cm; body weight 67.62±7.10 kg; body fat 16.59±2.04 %; VO2max 46.20±4.71 ml.kg−1.min−1) according to their playing positions (guard, forward, center). Five specific performance tests for each player were conducted as a 3/4 Basketball court sprint, 10 × 5m Shuttle test, Lane agility drill, No-step vertical jump and Maximum vertical jump. The differences in tests results by playing positions were evaluated by one-way ANOVA. There were no significant differences found in results of chosen performance tests between playing positions (p>.05). In spite of fact, that there were no significant differences, we found interesting results between playing positions in physical characteristics. Guards had better results in speed (3.73±0.16 s), quickness (17.43±0.56 s) and both lower-body power tests (47.16±3.06 cm; 57.00±3.40 cm) than forwards and centers. Forwards had the best results in agility test (12.54±0.43 s). The results of this study produce useful information about physical characteristics of young basketball players according to their playing position and help to diagnose and improve their performance.

scholarly journals Physical Performance Regarding Handgrip Strength in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (12) ◽  
pp. 811-819
Author(s):  
Gislaine Satyko Kogure ◽  
Victor Barbosa Ribeiro ◽  
Flávia Ganoa de Oliveira Gennaro ◽  
Rui Alberto Ferriani ◽  
Cristiana Libardi Miranda-Furtado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Lean Mass ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Total Testosterone ◽  
Dominant Hand ◽  
Ovary Syndrome ◽  
Pcos Group

Abstract Objective The present study aimed to investigate the physical performance of handgrip strength (HGS) in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Methods A case-control study that included 70 women with PCOS and 93 age-matched healthy women aged between 18 and 47 years with body mass index (BMI) between 18 Kg/m2–39.9 Kg/m2. The serum levels of total testosterone, androstenedione, insulin, estradiol, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), prolactin, sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), and 17-hydroxyprogesterone (17-OHP) were measured. The free androgen index (FAI) and the homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) were calculated. The body composition regions of interest (ROIs) were assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), and the handgrip strength (HGS) was evaluated for both the dominant and the non-dominant hands with a manual Sammons Preston (Bolingbrook, IL, US) bulb dynamometer. Results Women with PCOS had high serum levels of total testosterone (p < 0.01), androstenedione (p = 0.03), and insulin (p < 0.01), as well as high FAI (p < 0.01) and HOMA-IR (p = 0.01) scores. Compared with the non-PCOS group, the PCOS group had greater total lean mass in the dominant hand (p < 0.03) and greater HGS in both the dominant and the non-dominant hands (p < 0.01). The HGS was correlated with lean mass (p < 0.01). Conclusion Women with PCOS have greater HGS. This may be associated with age and BMI, and it may be related to lean mass. In addition, the dominance effect on muscle mass may influence the physical performance regarding HGS in women with PCOS.

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