scholarly journals Falls in institutionalized elderly with and without cognitive decline A study of some factors

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 116-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Lavareda Baixinho ◽  
Maria dos Anjos Dixe ◽  
Carla Madeira ◽  
Sílvia Alves ◽  
Maria Adriana Henriques
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Timed Up And Go ◽  
Safety Practices ◽  
Institutionalized Elderly ◽  
Mental Deterioration ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Fall Risks ◽  
And Behaviors

ABSTRACT. Falls in long-stay institutions for elderly people have a high prevalence, contributing to the physical and mental deterioration of institutionalized elderly. Objective: To determine the prevalence of falls among institutionalized elderly with and without cognitive decline, and to characterize the practices and behaviors of those with and without cognitive decline in managing fall risks, and relate them to some factors. Methods: The present correlational study was carried out with a sample of 204 institutionalized elderly, 50% of whom had cognitive decline. Results: The elderly with cognitive decline (40.2%) fell less often than those who did not have cognitive decline (42.2%) (p>0.05). Safety practices and behaviors were better in the elderly with cognitive decline (p<0.05). Most of the elderly with cognitive decline who fell took benzodiazepines (65.9%), in contrast with those without cognitive decline (32.2%). It was observed that 81.4% of the elderly without cognitive decline and 43.9% of those with cognitive decline who fell had a performance of over 12 seconds on the Timed Up and Go Test, where differences reached statistical significance in both groups of elderly. Conclusion: Data collected in the present study further the knowledge on risk factors in the genesis of falls and on the behavior of elderly with and without cognitive decline in maintaining their safety in self-care and accessibility.

scholarly journals Correlations between low back pain and functional capacity among the elderly

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 987-994 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elias Nasrala Neto ◽  
◽  
Walkiria Shimoya Bittencourt ◽  
Mara Lilian Soares Nasrala ◽  
Andre Luiz Lopes de Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Back Pain ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Functional Capacity ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Elderly Persons ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Timed Up And Go ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Institutionalized Elderly

Abstract Objective: To investigate the association between low back pain and functional capacity among non-institutionalized elderly persons. Method: A cross-sectional observational study of non-institutionalized elderly persons was performed. The Timed Up and Go (TUG) and Sitting-Rising Test (SRT) functional tests were used, together with the Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire (RMDQ). Result: A total of 99 elderly persons of both genders were included. Kendall’s Correlation analysis showed a significant correlation between the RMDQ and the SRT scores for the act of sitting (p=0.001) and the act of lifting (p=0.028). Despite the statistical significance, these two variables were weakly correlated (r=-239;r=-163). The results also identified a statistically significant correlation between the TUG and SRT tests for the act of sitting (r=-222; p=0.003) and the act of lifting (r=-206; p=0.006). Conclusion: It was observed that most of the non-institutionalized elderly persons had good functional capacity. It is also possible to affirm that there is an association between low back pain and functional capacity.

scholarly journals Effects of training with nintendo wii on balance and mobility in institutionalized elderly

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Lara Alves Moreira ◽  
Lívia Marcondes Faber ◽  
Marcos Eduardo Scheicher
Keyword(s):  
The Elderly ◽  
Functional Mobility ◽  
Static Balance ◽  
Nintendo Wii ◽  
Timed Up And Go ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Institutionalized Elderly ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Risk Of Falls ◽  
Pre Treatment

Background: One of the consequences of the institutionalization of the elderly is the increased risk of falls. Games of video games have shown ability to improve balance in the elderly population, but there is no data on their use in institutionalized elderly. Objective: To evaluate the effects of training with Nintendo Wii on static balance and functional mobility in elderly living in Long-Term Care Facilities for Elderly. Methods: Participated in the research 10 institutionalized elderly, who underwent training with Nintendo Wii for eight weeks, twice a week. Functional mobility was assessed by the Timed Up and Go (TUG) test and the static balance by a force platform. Results: Significant improvement in TUG was observed (17.65 ± 4.38s pre-treatment and 15.30 ± 3.70s p= 0.03). There was no significant improvement in the static equilibrium variables, but there was a tendency for improvement. Conclusion: The results demonstrated that the intervention with Nintendo Wii significantly improved the functional mobility, but with no improvement in the static balance in the institutionalized elderly.

scholarly journals Influence of physical exercise on the functional capacity in institutionalized elderly

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 200-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catarina Covolo Scarabottolo ◽  
Jair Rodrigues Garcia Júnior ◽  
Luis Alberto Gobbo ◽  
Marcelo José Alves ◽  
Aline Duarte Ferreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Upper Limb ◽  
Functional Capacity ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Timed Up And Go ◽  
Institutionalized Elderly

ABSTRACT Introduction: With the rapid increase in life expectancy, systematic physical exercise programs can have a good influence on the functional capacity of the elderly, especially in relation to institutionalization. Objective: To analyze the association between a systematic physical exercise program and functional capacity in institu-tionalized elderly. Methods: The sample included 30 elderly subjects (16 women and 14 men) aged 60 years or older (mean age = 74.43), divided into a control group (n=16) and a training group (n=14), residents in a long-stay institution. A training protocol of 12 weeks, two weekly sessions, was applied, and functional capa-city was assessed before and after the intervention, through chair lift tests (lower limb strength), upper limb strength, timed up and go and handgrip dynamometry. The analysis pre and post-training of intervention and control groups was performed using paired Student t test and the ANOVA test for repeated measures. The level of significance was set at 5%. Results: The main statistical significance were found for the following functional tests: upper limb strength (training 15.6±4.1 x control 10.7±6.6 rep, p<0.05) and chair lift test (training 11.0±4.0 x control 8.0±3.1 rep, p<0.05). Conclusion: The protocol used proved to be effective in improving some of the functional capabilities of the institutionalized elderly.

scholarly journals Interobserver analysis of safety practices and behaviors adopted by elderly people to prevent falls

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Rosa Soares Lavareda Baixinho ◽  
Maria dos Anjos Coelho Rodrigues Dixe ◽  
Carla Madeira ◽  
Silvia Alves ◽  
Maria Adriana Henriques
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Interobserver Reliability ◽  
Temporal Stability ◽  
Kappa Index ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Safety Practices ◽  
The Public ◽  
And Behaviors

Objective: determine the psychometric properties of the safety practices and behaviors dimension of the Scale of Practices and Behaviors of Institutionalized Elderly People to Prevent Falls in a sample of elderly people with cognitive decline. Method: methodological study, with a quantitative approach, to assess the psychometric properties of the mentioned scale in a sample with 102 elderly people with cognitive decline who lived in two long-term care institutions for the public in this age group. Internal consistency evaluation was carried out by calculating the Cronbach’s alpha coefficient; interobserver reliability was expressed by Cohen’s kappa coefficient; and temporal stability, by obtaining Spearman correlation. Compliance with all ethical procedures was observed. Results: the dimension of safety practices and behaviors showed α = 0.895 for its 11 items. Seven out of the 11 items reached good to excellent agreement among the experts for interobserver reliability. Kappa index values indicated that the instrument is valid and reliable. Safety practices and behaviors were influenced by institutionalization time, being at least 85 years old, and gait skills. Conclusion: the results pointed out that the instrument has good reproducibility and is valid and reliable, which allows its use in clinical practice in elderly people with cognitive decline as well as in research.

scholarly journals Is there a connection among atrial fibrillation, anticoagulant treatment, and dementia?

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (Supplement_E) ◽  
pp. E79-E81
Author(s):  
Claudio Ferri ◽  
Rita Del Pinto
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Oral Anticoagulation ◽  
Cost Containment ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Common Mechanism ◽  
Anticoagulant Treatment ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Over Time

Abstract It is well-known that atrial fibrillation carries an increased risk of stroke and dementia. The connecting pathogenic common mechanism is the thromboembolic state provided by atrial fibrillation, which is responsible for the acute cerebral events, as well as more saddle anatomic lesions, which accumulating over time, could lead to a progressive cognitive decline. It is plausible, instinctively, that oral anticoagulation could decrease this risk, although the possibility of micro-haemorrhages, which cannot be ignored, could make anticoagulation in this contest even dangerous. In this regard, whether there are firm, well established, evidences documenting a significant reduction in stroke occurrence with anticoagulant treatment in atrial fibrillation, the same level of evidences are not supporting the treatment in preventing dementia. Bringing some more clarity to this issue could have some considerable advantages, also in term of healthcare cost containment, considering the high prevalence of atrial fibrillation and dementia in the elderly.

scholarly journals Prevalence of falls and evaluation of mobility among institutionalized elderly persons

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 995-1003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lidiane Maria de Brito Macedo Ferreira ◽  
◽  
Javier Jerez-Roig ◽  
Fabienne Louise Juvêncio Paes de Andrade ◽  
Nayara Priscila Dantas de Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
The Elderly ◽  
Berg Balance Scale ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Elderly Persons ◽  
Timed Up And Go ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Institutionalized Elderly ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
Low Prevalence

Abstract Objective: The present study aimed to estimate the prevalence of falls among institutionalized elderly persons and identify associated factors. Method: A cross-sectional study of elderly residents of Care Facilities For the Elderly in Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, was carried out. The elderly persons could walk independently and did not have severe cognitive impairment. Data was obtained about the institution and socio-demographic and health information was collected. A physical examination was performed to evaluate frailty, mobility and balance (Timed up and go, Berg Balance Scale, Gait speed and Sitting-rising Test - SRT). Statistical analysis was performed using the Chi-squared Test for a 5% significance level. Results: Sixty-three elderly persons were within the search criteria. Of these 22.2% had fallen in the past year. Only the SRT was associated with these falls. Conclusion: It was concluded that the studied population has a low prevalence of falls, and the ability to perform less than 5 repetitions in the SRT was associated with episodes of falling.

scholarly journals Practices and behaviors of professionals after falls in institutionalized elderly with and without cognitive decline

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Lavareda Baixinho ◽  
Maria dos Anjos Dixe
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Homes ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Professional Practices ◽  
Professional Experience ◽  
Severe Injuries ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
And Behaviors ◽  
Falls In Elderly

ABSTRACT Falls are a major problem in nursing homes due to their high prevalence and impact on the functioning of elderly. Objective: This study aims to: a) construct and validate a scale for assessing the practices and behaviors of professionals from nursing homes after falls in elderly; b) describe practices and behaviors after falls; and c) associate practices and behaviors with professionals’ length of experience, training and age. Methods: This is a correlational study, conducted in a sample of 152 professionals from six nursing homes. The study adhered to all of the Declaration of Helsinki principles. Results: The scale constructed has a Cronbach’s alpha of 0.938. The 12 items of the scale are grouped into two factors. The most expressive indicators are the communication of fall episodes that result in severe injuries (4.64 ± 0.812) and the communication of falls that result in injuries and need intervention from health technicians (4.61 ± 0.832). We found no significant statistical difference between length of professional experience, training and age when associated with professional practices and behaviors after falls in elderly (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Future studies should investigate the association of post-fall professional practices and behaviors with fear of another fall, fall recurrence, and changes in functioning of the elderly following a fall.

scholarly journals Effect of physical exercise program on the balance and risk of falls of institutionalized elderly persons: a randomized clinical trial

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 473-482 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camila Tomicki ◽  
Sheila Cristina Cecagno Zanini ◽  
Luana Cecchin ◽  
Tania Rosane Bertoldo Benedetti ◽  
Marilene Rodrigues Portella ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Berg Balance Scale ◽  
Elderly Persons ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Timed Up And Go ◽  
Institutionalized Elderly ◽  
Body Balance ◽  
Risk Of Falls

Abstract The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of an exercise program on the postural balance and risk of falls of institutionalized elderly persons. A randomized controlled trial was performed. The study was conducted in two long-stay philanthropic care facilities for the elderly in a city in the north of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Participants were divided into control (G1) and intervention groups (G2). G1 did not receive any type of intervention whereas G2 participated in an exercise program three times a week for twelve weeks. The groups were evaluated by the Berg Balance Scale (BBS) and the Timed Up and Go Test (TUGT). After the intervention, G2 achieved better scores in both BBS and in the TUGT, indicating a significant improvement in body balance and a reduction in the risk of falls compared to G1. The Spearman ordinal correlation revealed that there was a statistically significant association between BBS and TUGT (p<0.001). G1 did not present positive results compared to G2 both at baseline and in post intervention. It can be inferred that the proposed exercise program was effective in improving body balance and the performance of functional tasks, contributing to an improvement in the risk of falls as a result. REBEC: RBR-5XNYJS.

scholarly journals Sociodemographic and health factors associated with chronic pain in institutionalized elderly

2014 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 1009-1016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Helena Barbosa ◽  
Alison Fernandes Bolina ◽  
Jordânia Lumênia Tavares ◽  
Aldenora Laísa Paiva de Carvalho Cordeiro ◽  
Raíssa Bianca Luiz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Institutionalized Elderly ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
Study Participants

OBJECTIVES: to characterize chronic pain in institutionalized elderly and verify the associated factors.METHOD: observational, cross-sectional and non-experimental study with a quantitative approach. The study participants were 124 elderly living in Long-Term Care Institutions for the Elderly (LTCIs) in a city in Minas Gerais (Brazil). Approval for the project was obtained from the Research Ethics Committee. The elderly's clinical and sociodemographic variables and pain-related aspects were assessed. The data were analyzed through descriptive statistics and bivariate analysis (chi-squared).RESULTS: the prevalence of chronic pain corresponded to 58.1%; for more than 10 years (26.4%); in lower limbs (31.9%); characterized as "twinges" (33.3%); 33.3% adopted medication treatment; the pain did not improve (41.7 %); or worsen (34.7 %). It was evidenced that elderly aged 60├ 70 old had 70% less chances of chronic pain than those aged 80 years and older (p=0.018).CONCLUSION: institutionalized elderly have a high prevalence of chronic pain, mainly in the lower limbs. No factors of pain improvement or worsening were identified and medication was evidenced as the preferred treatment. Age showed to be associated with the presence of pain. It is considered important to accomplish multiprofessional actions at the LTCIs to guide prevention and rehabilitation actions of the pain episodes in these elderly.

scholarly journals Scanning Laser Rangefinders for the Unobtrusive Monitoring of Gait Parameters in Unsupervised Settings

Sensors ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 3424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastian Fudickar ◽  
Christian Stolle ◽  
Nils Volkening ◽  
Andreas Hein
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Stride Length ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Scanning Laser ◽  
Gait Velocity ◽  
Preventive Interventions ◽  
Homes For The Elderly ◽  
Gait Parameters ◽  
Fall Risks ◽  
Gait Monitoring

Since variations in common gait parameters (such as cadence, velocity and stride-length) of elderly people are a reliable indicator of functional and cognitive decline in aging and increased fall risks, such gait parameters have to be monitored continuously to enable preventive interventions as early as possible. With scanning laser rangefinders (SLR) having been shown to be suitable for standardised (frontal) gait assessments, this article introduces an unobtrusive gait monitoring (UGMO) system for lateral gait monitoring in homes for the elderly. The system has been evaluated in comparison to a GAITRite (as reference system) with 86 participants (ranging from 21 to 82 years) passing the 6-min walk test twice. Within the considered 56,351 steps within an overall 7877 walks and approximately 34 km distance travelled, it has been shown that the SLR Hokuyo UST10-LX is more sensitive than the cheaper URG-04LX version in regard to the correct (automatic) detection of lateral steps (98% compared to 77%) and walks (97% compared to 66%). Furthermore, it has been confirmed that the UGMO (with the SLR UST10-LX) can measure gait parameters such as gait velocity and stride length with sufficient sensitivity to determine age- and disease-related functional (and cognitive) decline.

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