Association between the auditory profile and speech-language-hearing diagnosis in children and adolescents

ABSTRACT Purpose: to verify the association between the auditory assessment result and the speech-language-hearing diagnosis in children and adolescents. Methods: an observational, cross-sectional study based on the analysis of medical records of children and adolescents that received care at a speech-language-hearing assessment outpatient center between 2010 and 2014. Data on sociodemographic characteristics, speech-language-hearing diagnosis, auditory examination results, and Auditory Processing Simplified Assessment results were collected. Descriptive and association analyses were conducted with either the chi-squared or Fisher’s exact test, considering the 5% statistical significance level. Results: the sample comprised 122 participants, most of them males (67.2%), mean age 8.78 years. A statistically significant association was verified between the audiometry result and the diagnostic hypothesis of change in written language (p = 0.011); between the results of both the sequential memory test for nonverbal sounds and sound localization and the diagnostic hypotheses of change in the cognitive aspects of language (p = 0.019 and p = 0.033, respectively) and of speech (p = 0.003 and p = 0.020, respectively); and between the result of the sequential memory test for verbal sounds and the diagnostic hypothesis of change in speech (p = 0.005). Conclusion: given the associations found, it is proposed that children and adolescents with changes in speech undergo the Auditory Processing Simplified Assessment to verify the possibility of changed aspects, favoring directed therapeutic interventions.

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Environmental factors and their associations with speech-language-hearing diagnostic hypotheses in children and adolescents

Revista CEFAC ◽

10.1590/1982-0216/20212356421 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 23 (5) ◽

Author(s):

Marina Garcia de Souza Borges ◽

Adriane Mesquita de Medeiros ◽

Stela Maris Aguiar Lemos

Keyword(s):

Environmental Factors ◽

Children And Adolescents ◽

Oral Language ◽

Language Change ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

International Classification Of Functioning ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Significance Level ◽

Association Analyses

ABSTRACT Purpose: to analyze the associations between speech-language-hearing diagnostic hypotheses in children and adolescents and the Environmental Factors in the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health. Methods: an observational, analytical, cross-sectional study carried out between 2016 and 2019 in an outpatient center with 5- to 16-year-old children and adolescents undergoing speech-language-hearing assessment and their parents/guardians. The Brazilian Economic Classification Criteria was used, and sociodemographic data were collected, along with speech-language-hearing diagnostic hypotheses and information on the presence of categories of the Environmental Factors, qualified as either barriers or facilitators. Descriptive and association analyses were made, using Pearson’s chi-square and Fisher’s Exact tests, with the significance level set at 0.05. Results: most participants had changes in oral language acquisition/development, written language, and oral-motor function. The most prevalent facilitators were in the categories of Services, Systems, and Policies; Support and Relationships; and Products and Technology, whereas the barriers were in the categories of Attitudes; Products and Technology; and Services, Systems, and Policies. The diagnostic hypotheses of “Change in cognitive aspects of language”, “Change in speech”, and “Change in voice” had a significant association with the codes present in chapters 3 - Support and Relationships, and 4 - Attitudes. Conclusion: this association shows that patients with communication changes need a comprehensive approach encompassing the Contextual Factors.

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Cross-sectional study on the weight and length of infants in the interior of the State of São Paulo, Brazil: associations with sociodemographic variables and breastfeeding

Sao Paulo Medical Journal ◽

10.1590/s1516-31802009000400004 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 127 (4) ◽

pp. 198-205 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Julia Laura Delbue Bernardi ◽

Regina Esteves Jordão ◽

Antônio de Azevedo Barros Filho

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Body Mass ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Randomized Study ◽

The Body ◽

Nutrition Status ◽

Rank Test ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Sociodemographic Variables ◽

Significance Level

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Increasing obesity is starting to occur among Brazilians. The aim of this study was to investigate the weight and length of children under two years of age in relation to sociodemographic variables and according to whether they were breastfed. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional randomized study conducted in 2004-2005, based on the declaration of live births (SINASC) in Campinas, Brazil. METHODS: 2,857 mothers of newborns were interviewed and answered a questionnaire seeking socioeconomic and breastfeeding information. The newborns' weights and lengths were measured at the end of the interviews and the body mass index was calculated. Percentiles (< 15 and > 85) and Z-scores (< -1 and > +1) were used for classification based on the new growth charts recommended by WHO (2006). The log-rank test, multiple linear regression and binomial test (Z) were used. The statistical significance level used was 5%. RESULTS: The predominant social level was class C. The median for exclusive breastfeeding was 90 days; 61.25% of the children were between P15 and P85 for body mass index and 61.12% for length, respectively. Children whose mothers studied for nine to eleven years and children whose mothers were unemployed presented lower weight. Children whose mothers worked in health-related professions presented lower length when correlated with breastfeeding. CONCLUSION: The breastfeeding, maternal schooling and maternal occupation levels had an influence on nutrition status and indicated that obesity is occurring in early childhood among the infants living in the municipality.

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Asociación entre olor y aislamiento social en pacientes con heridas tumorales malignas: estudio piloto

Enfermería Global ◽

10.6018/eglobal.18.1.322641 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

pp. 19-65 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Willian Alves Dos Santos ◽

Patricia Dos Santos Claro Fuly ◽

Marise Dutra Souto ◽

Mauro Leonardo Salvador Caldeira Dos Santos ◽

Luiza De Lima Beretta

Keyword(s):

Social Isolation ◽

Malignant Tumor ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

University Hospital ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Significance Level ◽

Main Symptom ◽

Calidad De Vida ◽

Statistical Strategy

Objetivo: Identificar as associações entre odor e isolamento social em pacientes com feridas tumorais malignas. Material e método: Estudo piloto com corte transversal realizado com nove pacientes com feridas tumorais malignas atendidos em um hospital universitário no período de 2014 a 2016. Coletaram-se dados por meio de aplicação de escala likert de cinco pontos para avaliação do isolamento social relacionado ao odor de feridas tumorais malignas, durante as consultas de enfermagem. Analisaram-se os dados por estratégia estatística inferencial com cálculo de coeficiente de Spearman ao nível de significância de 5% (α = 0,05). Resultados: Constatou-se correlação com significância estatística entre o odor e as dimensões psicossociais: constrangimento e limitação em frequentar locais públicos. Conclusão: O odor é o principal sintoma que gera constrangimento e limita a convivência social, favorecendo o isolamento social e a degradação da qualidade de vida dos pacientes oncológicos. Objetivo: Analizar las asociaciones entre olores y aislamiento social en pacientes con heridas tumorales malignas.Material y método: Estudio piloto con corte transversal realizado con nueve pacientes con heridas tumorales malignas atendidas en un hospital universitario en el período de 2014 a 2016. Se recogieron datos por medio de aplicación de escala likert de cinco puntos para evaluación del aislamiento social relacionado con el olor de las heridas tumorales malignas durante las consultas de enfermería. Se analizaron los datos por estrategia estadística inferencial con cálculo de coeficiente de Spearman al nivel de significancia del 5% (α = 0,05).Resultados: Se constató correlación con significancia estadística entre el olor y las dimensiones psicosociales: constreñimiento y limitación en frecuentar locales públicos.Conclusión: El olor es el principal síntoma que genera constreñimiento y limita la convivencia social, favoreciendo el aislamiento social y la degradación de la calidad de vida de los pacientes oncológicos. Objective: To analysis associations between odor and social isolation in patients with malignant tumor wounds.Material and method: This is a cross-sectional pilot study performed with nine patients with malignant tumor wounds treated at a university hospital from 2014 to 2016. Data were collected using a five-point Likert scale for the evaluation of social isolation related to odor of malignant tumor wounds during nursing consultations. Data were analyzed by inferential statistical strategy with Spearman's coefficient at the significance level of 5% (α = 0.05).Results: Correlation was found with statistical significance between odor and psychosocial dimensions: constraint and limitation in attending public places.Conclusion: Odor is the main symptom that causes embarrassment and limits social coexistence, favoring social isolation and degradation of the quality of life of cancer patients.

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Use of generic medicines by the Brazilian population: an evaluation of PNAUM 2014

Revista de Saúde Pública ◽

10.1590/s1518-8787.2016050006120 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 50 (suppl 2) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Andréa Dâmaso Bertoldi ◽

Paulo Sergio Dourado Arrais ◽

Noemia Urruth Leão Tavares ◽

Luiz Roberto Ramos ◽

Vera Lucia Luiza ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Health System ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Population Based ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Education Level ◽

Generic Medicines ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Significance Level ◽

Economic Class ◽

Unified Health System

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To analyze the existence of differences in the use of generic medicines in Brazil according to demographic and socioeconomic variables and acquisition sources of the medicines. METHODS Population-based cross-sectional study, conducted with data from the Pesquisa Nacional de Acesso, Utilização e Promoção do Uso Racional de Medicamentos (PNAUM – National Survey on Access, Use and Promotion of Rational Use of Medicines). Data collection took place between September, 2013 and February, 2014 in homes of Brazilian cities (urban area). The use of medicines has been investigated in relation to the treatment of chronic diseases and, in the case of acute events, regarding use over the previous 15 days. Generics were identified by visualization of packaging presented by the users of the medicines. The independent variables used were sex, age, education level, economic class, and region of the Country. The statistical significance of differences between the groups was evaluated by Pearson’s Chi-squared test, considering a 5% significance level. RESULTS The prevalence of generic medicines use was 45.5% (95%CI 43.7–47.3). There was no difference considering education level. The prevalence was higher in females (47.0%; 95%CI 44.9–49.0) than in males (43.1%; 95%CI 40.5–45.8), and were higher with increasing age. Generic medicines were more used in the economic class C (47.0%; 95%CI 44.9–49.1) and in the South (50.6%; 95%CI 46.6–54.6) and Southeast (49.9%; 95%CI 46.8–53.0) regions. Generics accounted for 37.3% of the medicines provided by the Brazilian Unified Health System. CONCLUSIONS Currently, there is a choice of purchase or free provision by the Brazilian Unified Health System, characterized by quality assurance and reduced price regarding branded medicines considered as reference. In the private market, a considerable part of the population is choosing generic medicines thanks to the availability of this option for virtually all medicines most used by the population.

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Comparative attitude and plans of the medical students and young Nepalese doctors

Kathmandu University Medical Journal ◽

10.3126/kumj.v7i2.2717 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 177-182 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

M Lakhey ◽

S Lakhey ◽

SR Niraula ◽

D Jha ◽

R Pant

Keyword(s):

Medical Students ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Working Environment ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Developed Country ◽

Significance Level ◽

Work Abroad ◽

Job Prospects

Introduction: Many doctors are leaving Nepal to work abroad. To understand this problem better, we decided to study the attitude and plans of young doctors and medical students. Materials and methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Kathmandu Medical College involving 65 firstyear medical students, 100 interns and 100 house officers. The data collected was entered in Microsoft excel and analysed by SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) programme. Chi-square test was used to compare two proportions. Significance level was set at 5%. Results: Only 2% house officers said that their job prospects were excellent as compared to 22.4% of students, whereas 20% house officers as compared to 9% students thought job prospects in Nepal were poor (p= 0.003). Eighty two percent of students thought that a doctor's service to his country was very important as compared to 51% of interns (p=‹ 0.001) and 58% of house officers. Forty percent of students, 58% of interns and 48% of house officers (no statistical significance between the three groups) planned to migrate to a developed country after graduation. Eighty eight percent of students, 89% interns and 74% of house officers (no statistical significant differences between the three groups) were of the opinion that improving career opportunities or working environment of the doctor could make the profession more attractive. Conclusion: Although majority of students, interns and house officers were of the opinion that a doctor's service to his community/country was very important, almost half of them still planned to migrate to a developed country after graduation. Improving the chances of professional advancement and professional working environment can make the profession more attractive, and therefore, may decrease this tendency for brain drain from our country. Key words: Attitude; medical students; migration; young doctors; statistical significance. DOI: 10.3126/kumj.v7i2.2717 Kathmandu University Medical Journal (2009) Vol.7, No.2 Issue 26, 177-182

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Prevalence and factors associated with human brucellosis in livestock professionals

Revista de Saúde Pública ◽

10.1590/s1518-8787.2017051006051 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 51 (0) ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Franco Cazembe Mufinda ◽

Fernando Boinas ◽

Carla Nunes

Keyword(s):

Statistical Significance ◽

Human Brucellosis ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Significance Level ◽

Logistic Regression Models ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Professional Category ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Service Location

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE The objective of this study is to estimate the seroprevalence of human brucellosis in livestock professionals and analyze the factors associated with brucellosis focusing on sociodemographic variables and the variables of knowledge and practices related to the characteristics of the activities carried out in livestock. METHODS This is a cross-sectional seroepidemiological study with a population of 131 workers of butchers, slaughter rooms, and slaughterhouse and 192 breeders sampled randomly in Namibe province, Angola. The data were obtained from the collection of blood and use of questionnaires. The laboratory tests used were rose bengal and slow agglutination. The questionnaire allowed us to collect sociodemographic information and, specifically on brucellosis, it incorporated questions about knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors of livestock professionals. In addition to the descriptive statistical approach, we used the Chi-square test of independence, Fisher’s test, and logistic regression models, using a significance level of 10%. RESULTS The general weighted prevalence of brucellosis was 15.6% (95%CI 13.61–17.50), being it 5.3% in workers and 16.7% (95%CI 11.39–21.93) in breeders. The statistical significance was observed between human seroprevalence and category (worker and breeder) (p < 0.001) and education level (p = 0.032), start of activity (p = 0079), and service location (p = 0.055). In a multivariate context, the positive factor associated with brucellosis in professionals was the professional category (OR = 3.54; 95%CI 1.57–8.30, related to breeders in relation to workers). CONCLUSIONS Human brucellosis in livestock professionals is prevalent in Namibe province (15.6%), where the professional category was the most important factor. The seroprevalence levels detected are high when compared with those found in similar studies.

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Relation of Knowledge About Breast Cancer with Breast Self-Examination (BSE) Behavior Implementation on Childbearing Age Women in Bandung

SEAJOM: The Southeast Asia Journal of Midwifery ◽

10.36749/seajom.v5i1.41 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 14-17

Author(s):

Chris Sriyanti

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Childbearing Age ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Significance Level ◽

Data Collection Instrument ◽

Childbearing Age Women ◽

Cross Sectional Design ◽

Self Examination

Breast cancer is a serious threat for women all over the world including Indonesia. Self Breast-Examination (BSE) is one of important early detection efforts in reducing morbidity and mortality due to breast cancer. The implementation of BSE as a behavior is influenced by many factors, including knowledge. This study aims was to analyze the relation of knowledge about breast cancer with the behavior of BSE implementation on childbearing age women at Bandung, West Java. Cross-sectional design was used with 420 respondents. Women over the age of 20 were randomly selected to participate in this study. Questionnaire was used as data collection instrument. Data was analyzed by using Chi-Square with statistical significance level at p <0.05. The results showed that 56.2% of respondents had good knowledge about breast cancer and 43.8% were still at low level, while the implementation of BSE was also still low at 39% (IK 95%: 34, 5% -43.8%). There was significant relation between knowledge about breast cancer and the behavior of BSE implementation on childbearing age women in Bandung (p <0.001).

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Analysis of the chemerin and resistin adipokines in children and adolescents

Revista da Associação Médica Brasileira ◽

10.1590/1806-9282.66.3.300 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 66 (3) ◽

pp. 300-306

Author(s):

Vanessa S. Fontes ◽

Kácia Mateus ◽

Michele P. Netto ◽

Renata M. S. Oliveira ◽

George L. L. Machado-Coelho ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Regression Analysis ◽

Linear Regression ◽

Children And Adolescents ◽

Blood Pressure Measurement ◽

Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Excess Weight ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Significance Level

SUMMARY OBJECTIVES To compare the serum concentrations of adipokines resistin and chemerin in children and adolescents with eutrophic and overweight and to evaluate their relationship with anthropometric, biochemical, and blood pressure variables. METHODS a cross-sectional epidemiological study was conducted with 234 students enrolled in public elementary schools in the city of Juiz de Fora / MG. Anthropometric evaluation, biochemistry, and blood pressure measurement were performed. Statistical analyzes included the Student-t or Mann-Whitney tests, Pearson or Spearman correlation, used according to the distribution of the variables, and linear regression analysis, by means of the evaluation of the effect of the independent variables on the serum levels of chemerin and resistin, adjusted for age and sex. For the data analysis, SPSS® software version 21.0 and STATA® version 10.1 were used, assuming a significance level of 5%. RESULTS the concentrations of chemerin were higher in eutrophic individuals than in those with excess weight (p> 0.05). In contrast, levels of resistin were higher in the young with excess weight than in the eutrophic ones (p <0.05). In the multiple linear regression analysis, the levels of chemerin were associated with the values of resistin, systolic, and diastolic blood pressure. Resistance levels maintained association only with BMI and chemerin values. CONCLUSION the adipokines analyzed presented a distinct profile in the groups of children and adolescents with eutrophic and overweight.

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Factors that interfere with total physical inactivity in overweight women

Rev Rene ◽

10.15253/2175-6783.20212261717 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 ◽

pp. e61717

Author(s):

Fernanda Carneiro Mussi ◽

Taise Santos do Nascimento ◽

Cátia Suely Palmeira ◽

Francisco José Gondim Pitanga ◽

Flávia Silva Ferreira ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Physical Inactivity ◽

Statistical Significance ◽

Perceived Health ◽

Bivariate Analysis ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Significance Level ◽

Overweight Women ◽

Promotion Policies ◽

Perception Of Health

Objective: to investigate the variables that interfere with total physical inactivity in overweight women. Methods: cross-sectional research that collected sociodemographic data, self-perceived health, self-efficacy for physical activity, weight, and height in 142 women. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire was used to evaluate physical activity. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used. A 5% statistical significance level was adopted. Results: the prevalence of total physical inactivity was 34.5%. A significant association between total physical inactivity and age was found in the bivariate analysis. In the multivariate analysis, only women with regular and poor self-perceived health showed an increase of 124% and 150%, respectively, of total physical inactivity. Conclusion: physical inactivity was associated with regular and poor self-perception of health, being a health parameter for the development of health promotion policies and actions.

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Using a screening tool to identify the auditory behavior of students who are learning to read and write

Revista CEFAC ◽

10.1590/1982-0216/202123413020 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 23 (4) ◽

Author(s):

Giulia Ádni Viana Santos ◽

Maria Luiza Lopes Timóteo de Lima ◽

Manoelina Xavier Cavalcante ◽

Leonardo Gleygson Angelo Venâncio ◽

Cleide Fernandes Teixeira

Keyword(s):

School Performance ◽

Auditory Processing ◽

Screening Tool ◽

Age Groups ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Learning To Read ◽

Significance Level ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Auditory Behavior

ABSTRACT Purpose: to analyze the use of a screening tool, by teachers, to identify the auditory behavior of students who are learning to read and write. Methods: a cross-sectional study including 22 students who answered the Fisher’s Auditory Problems Checklist (QFISHER). The analysis of this questionnaire approached the categories of hearing, attention, memory, language, and school performance. The chi-square statistical test and Mann-Whitney test were used to compare the scores between the age groups, considering the 5% significance level. Results: school performance had the worst frequency in QFISHER (87.72%), followed by attention (62.10%), language (60.53%), and hearing (59.65%). The median revealed worse assessment in school performance (100.0%) followed by attention (60.0%). The QFISHER overall score was 66.7%. The comparison between age groups did not reveal any significant difference for the domains assessed. Conclusion: the QFISHER, used by teachers, as a screening tool for children who are learning to read and write, can identify behavioral changes suggestive of auditory processing disorder, broadening the possibility of early interventions.

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