scholarly journals ENZYME COMPLEX SUPPLEMENTATION ON THE PERFORMANCE OF SWINE IN GROWTH AND FINISHING PHASES

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 748-758 ◽  
Author(s):  
NATÁLIA YOKO SITANAKA ◽  
FÁBIO ENRIQUE LEMOS BUDIÑO ◽  
SIMONE RAYMUNDO DE OLIVEIRA ◽  
ANDREIA DONIZETE CHAGAS VILAS BOAS ◽  
JOSÉ EVANDRO DE MORAES
Keyword(s):  
Energy Content ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Energy Reduction ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Enzyme Complex ◽  
Feed Conversion

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the use of an enzyme complex-α-amylase, ß-glucanase, phytase, cellulase, xylanase and protease-in the feed of swine in growing and finishing phases, by assessing their performance (daily weight gain, daily feed intake, and feed conversion), dry matter, crude protein, and crude energy apparent digestibility, and the feed costs. Eighty pigs-castrated males, and females-of approximately 63 days of age and initial weight of 20.18±1.98 kg were distributed in a 5×2 factorial arrangement (diet × sex), in a randomized block design, with eight replications. The treatments used were: positive control diet consisted of 3,300 kcal/kg in the growth-I phase, and 3,250 kcal/kg in the growth-II and finishing phases; negative control diet with energy reduction of 85 kcal/kg of metabolizable energy (ME) (NC85); NC85 diet with addition of enzyme complex (EC85); negative control diet with energy reduction of 100 kcal/kg ME (NC100); NC100 diet with addition of enzyme complex (EC100). The addition of the enzyme complex to the diet with energy reduction of 100 kcal/kg ME increased the digestible protein content of the diet for the swine in the growth-II phase. The addition of the enzyme complex to the diet with energy reduction of 85 and 100 kcal/kg ME increased the digestible energy content of the diets for the swine in the finishing phase. The use of enzyme complex in diets with reduction of 85 kcal/kg ME for male swine in growing and finishing phases is recommended for improving feed conversion and economic efficiency during the growth-I phase. The use of enzyme complex is not justified for female swine.

scholarly journals The effect of exogenous enzymes on the performance and digestibility of nutrients in broiler

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 711 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thiago Dos Santos Andrade ◽  
Ricardo Vianna Nunes ◽  
Lucas Wachholz ◽  
Idiana Mara da Silva ◽  
Dimitri Moreira de Freitas
Keyword(s):  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Enzyme Complex ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Carcass Yield ◽  
Ileal Digestibility ◽  
Protease Enzyme ◽  
Exogenous Enzymes ◽  
Xylanase Enzyme

Here we tested how feeding with exogenous enzymes affects the performance, carcass yield, and ileal digestibility in broilers from 21- to 42-days-old. The study included 1008 male broilers randomly distributed into six diets: positive control (PC), corn and soybean meal containing all the nutritional requirements; negative control (NC), with a 120 kcal.kg-1 reduction in metabolizable energy relative to the PC; enzyme complex one (NC + 100 ppm of endo-1,4-beta-xylanase); enzyme complex two (NC + 200 ppm of xylanase, amylase and protease); enzyme blend one (NC + 100 FXU kg-1 of xylanase and 200 FXU kg-1 of amylase); and enzyme blend two (NC + 100 FXU kg-1 of xylanase and 300 FXU kg-1 of amylase). The enzyme complex two (CN + 100 FXU.kg de xilanase e 300 FXU.kg de amilase) and enzyme blend two (NC + 100 FXU kg-1 of xylanase and 300 FXU kg-1 of amylase) had greater weight gain, feed conversion, carcass yield, and digestibility of nutrients than the NC (P < 0,05). We found that enzyme complex two and enzyme blend two valued their nutritional matrix promoting better performance and digestibility of broilers.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the Interaction Between Phytase and Xilanase on Metabolizability of Energy-Reduced Broiler Diets

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 515
Author(s):  
Natália Ramos Batista Chaves ◽  
Karina Marcia Ribeiro de Souza Nascimento ◽  
Charles Kiefer ◽  
Maurício Silva Rosa ◽  
Henrique Barbosa de Freitas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Balance ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Energy Reduction ◽  
Available Phosphorus

To examine the association between phytase and xylanase in diets with nutritional adjustments on the metabolizability of feed by broiler diets, 250 chickens were used and distributed among five treatments and five replicates of 10 broilers each. The treatments were: positive control diet - without phytase or xylanase; negative control diet - with an energy reduction of 0.419 MJ/kg, without phytase or xylanase; and three diets containing xylanase and phytase and energy reductions of 0.209, 0.409 and 0.628 MJ/kg. For all energy-reduced diets, the nutritional matrix of phytase with phosphorus (0.15%), calcium (0.165%) and sodium (0.035%) was considered. The energy reduction of 0.628 MJ/kg with inclusion of the enzymes resulted in a higher metabolizability of the crude protein, also the apparent and apparent corrected metabolizable energy coefficients for nitrogen balance were higher in diets with a reduction energy of 0.209 MJ/kg, however had values similar to those obtained in the positive control diets and diets with energy reduction of 0.628 MJ/kg containing enzymes. The inclusion of phytase (500 FTU/kg) and xylanase (16,000 BXU/kg) in broiler diets, makes it possible to reduce metabolizable energy by up to 0.628 MJ/kg, available phosphorus, calcium, and sodium, and improve the metabolizability of the nutrients.

scholarly journals Nutrient reduction in rations with phytase for growing pigs

2011 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 370-376 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valéria Vânia Rodrigues ◽  
Vinícius de Souza Cantarelli ◽  
Nikolas de Oliveira Amaral ◽  
Márcio Gilberto Zangeronimo ◽  
Jeronimo Ávito Gonçalves de Brito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Nutrient Balance ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Growing Pigs ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Economic Viability ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Initial Weight

Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the performance, the energy and nutrient balance and economic viability of production of growing pigs fed diets with reduced levels and phytase. In experiment 1, 60 barrows and gilts (initial weight 25 ± 1.72 kg) were housed in a randomized block design with three diets, ten replicates and two animals per experimental unit (one male and one female). One of the diets was formulated with a reduced level with phytase and evaluated in comparison to a positive-control diet that was formulated according to the nutritional recommendations for animals of this breed, and a negative-control diet without phytase. The different diets did not affect feed intake, but the diet with phytase promoted better final weight, daily weight gain and feed conversion, although it did not differ from the positive control diet. In experiment 2, 27 barrows (initial weight 49 ± 3.67 kg) were housed in random blocks with three diets and nine replicates with experimental plot represented by one animal. The diets did not affect the balance of energy and nutrients but had a significant effect on the efficiency of utilization of calcium and phosphorus, which was the lowest in animals that received the positive-control diet. Economic viability improved when nutrients were reduced and phytase was added in the ration. The addition of phytase (500 ftu/kg) in rations formulated with nutritional levels reduced for growing swines improves rearing productivity and it is economical viable.

scholarly journals Performance and physiological parameters in broilers fed different enzyme complexes

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (4Supl1) ◽  
pp. 2765
Author(s):  
Thiago Dos Santos Andrade ◽  
Ricardo Vianna Nunes ◽  
Idiana Mara da Silva ◽  
Lucas Wachholz ◽  
Vitor Barbosa Fascina
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Abdominal Fat ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Enzyme Complex ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Blood Profile ◽  
Carcass Yield ◽  
Protease Enzyme

The effects of enzyme supplementation on the performance, yield, and blood profile of broilers fed corn and soybean diets from 1 to 42 days of age were evaluated. A total of 960 male broilers were used, distributed in a completely randomized design, with six treatments and eight replications. Two diets were used: a positive control formulated to meet the birds’ nutritional requirements (Diet 1) and a negative control diet with reduction of 150 kcal.kg-1 of metabolizable energy (Diet 2) and 12% amino acid in the initial phase and 18% during the growing and finishing phases. Further diets were based on the negative control with enzymes: enzyme complex 1, composed of 125 g ton-1 protease; enzyme complex 2, composed of 100 g ton-1 amylase, protease, and xylanase; enzyme complex 3, composed of 500 g ton-1 amylase, protease, and xylanase; and enzyme complex 4, composed of 125 g ton-1 protease and 500 g ton-1 beta-mannanase. Enzymatic supplementation did not improve performance during the initial and growing phases due to nutritional imbalance, resulting in the worst weight gain and feed conversion during the finishing phase. Carcass yield, leg yield, abdominal fat, and pancreas were altered by enzymatic supplementation. Triglyceride levels influenced abdominal fat deposition, and the serum levels of albumin and alanine aminotransferase were altered by enzymatic supplementation. Enzymatic supplementation was not effective in restoring broiler performance, carcass yield, and cuts, with changes in the serum biochemical profile of the broiler chickens.

scholarly journals Performance and physiological parameters in broilers fed different enzyme complexes

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (4Supl1) ◽  
pp. 2765 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thiago Dos Santos Andrade ◽  
Ricardo Vianna Nunes ◽  
Idiana Mara da Silva ◽  
Lucas Wachholz ◽  
Vitor Barbosa Fascina
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Abdominal Fat ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Enzyme Complex ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Blood Profile ◽  
Carcass Yield ◽  
Protease Enzyme

The effects of enzyme supplementation on the performance, yield, and blood profile of broilers fed corn and soybean diets from 1 to 42 days of age were evaluated. A total of 960 male broilers were used, distributed in a completely randomized design, with six treatments and eight replications. Two diets were used: a positive control formulated to meet the birds’ nutritional requirements (Diet 1) and a negative control diet with reduction of 150 kcal.kg-1 of metabolizable energy (Diet 2) and 12% amino acid in the initial phase and 18% during the growing and finishing phases. Further diets were based on the negative control with enzymes: enzyme complex 1, composed of 125 g ton-1 protease; enzyme complex 2, composed of 100 g ton-1 amylase, protease, and xylanase; enzyme complex 3, composed of 500 g ton-1 amylase, protease, and xylanase; and enzyme complex 4, composed of 125 g ton-1 protease and 500 g ton-1 beta-mannanase. Enzymatic supplementation did not improve performance during the initial and growing phases due to nutritional imbalance, resulting in the worst weight gain and feed conversion during the finishing phase. Carcass yield, leg yield, abdominal fat, and pancreas were altered by enzymatic supplementation. Triglyceride levels influenced abdominal fat deposition, and the serum levels of albumin and alanine aminotransferase were altered by enzymatic supplementation. Enzymatic supplementation was not effective in restoring broiler performance, carcass yield, and cuts, with changes in the serum biochemical profile of the broiler chickens.

scholarly journals Protease and sugarcane yeast in diets for broiler chicks

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. e50436
Author(s):  
Elvania Maria da Silva Costa Moreira ◽  
Leilane Rocha Barros Dourado ◽  
Hidaliana Paumerik Aguiar Bastos ◽  
Mabell Nery Ribeiro ◽  
Sandra Regina Gomes da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Broiler Chicks ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Protease Enzyme ◽  
Poultry Diets

The objective of this study was to evaluate the inclusion of protease and sugarcane yeast in poultry diets on performance, organ weight, intestinal biometry, chemical composition and deposition of body nutrients in the 1 to 7-day old phase. The experimental design consisted of a randomized complete block design, in a factorial arrangement of 2 (without and with the enzyme protease) x3 (yeast levels: 0, 6 and 12%) +1 (positive control diet), totaling seven treatments with five replicates, birds per experimental unit. The treatments used consisted of a positive control diet and the others were the negative control, with reductions in nutritional levels of protein and amino acids by 4% requirement. In the negative control diets, protease enzyme was included in three levels of sugarcane yeast. In isolation, treatments with or without inclusion of protease influenced the chemical composition of the birds. The levels of yeast from sugarcane yeast presented effects for weight gain, feed conversion, moisture and crude protein in the nutrient deposition. The inclusion of protease in diets for broiler chicks cannot remedy the poor performance provided by the use of sugarcane yeast, in addition to presenting lower levels of deposition of body nutrients.

scholarly journals Effects of a xylanase and beta-glucanase enzyme combination on growth performance of broilers fed maize-soybean meal-based diets

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
S. Gilani ◽  
M.I. Garcia ◽  
L. Barnard ◽  
Y. Dersjant-Li ◽  
C. Millán ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Beta Glucanase ◽  
Enzyme Combination

The following study evaluated effects of a xylanase and beta-glucanase combination on growth performance of broilers fed energy reduced versus nutritionally adequate maize-soybean meal-based diets. A total of 648, one-day-old male broilers (Ross 308) were assigned to floor-pens (24 birds/pen, nine pens/treatment, three treatments) in a randomised block design. Treatments included: (1) a nutritionally adequate positive control diet (PC); (2) a negative control (NC) diet in which energy, crude protein and digestible amino acids were reduced by 3.4% (-105 kcal apparent metabolisable energy), 2.3% and 1.2 to 3.0% vs PC, respectively; and (3) NC plus a xylanase and beta-glucanase combination that supplied 1,220 U xylanase and 152 U beta-glucanase per kilogram of final feed. All diets contained a background of 500 FTU/kg phytase and were offered to birds ad libitum. Birds fed NC showed reduced average daily gain (ADG) by -6.1% (P<0.05); increased feed conversion ratio (FCR) by 9.2 points (P<0.05), and overall (d 1-35) body weight corrected FCR which was increased by 9.4 points (P<0.05) vs the PC group. Enzyme supplementation increased final BW (+4.2%, P<0.05), ADG (+5.4%, P<0.05) and tended to reduce FCR (+7.5 points, P=0.054) from d 22-35 vs NC, without affecting average daily feed intake. Improvements in performance due to the enzyme combination were equivalent to performance on the PC diet in all cases. The results suggested that significant improvements in growth performance of broilers fed maize-soybean meal-based diets which had been reduced in energy and nutrients can be realised by supplementation with xylanase in combination with beta-glucanase.

scholarly journals Effect of different phytases on the performance, nutrient retention and tibia composition in broiler chickens

2013 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 1028-1038 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Ptak ◽  
D. Józefiak ◽  
B. Kierończyk ◽  
M. Rawski ◽  
K. Żyła ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Nutrient Retention ◽  
Nutrient Utilization ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Performance Response ◽  
Apparent Metabolizable Energy

Abstract. The effect of different phytases on the performance response, nutrient utilization and tibia characteristics of chickens was investigated. The five pelleted diets were the following: positive control (PC) with added monocalcium phosphate; negative control (NC) formulated with equivalency values of phytase for Ca and digestible P; and three further diets where different phytases were individually added to the NC diet at 500 FTU/kg. The phytases were derived either from Aspergillus (phytase I), or E. coli (phytases II and III). Compared to PC, the performance parameters, as well as apparent metabolizable energy (AMEn), mineral retention, bone breaking force and tibia mineral content were suppressed by the reduction of dietary Ca and digestible P. All phytases enhanced the overall body weight gains and feed conversion ratio in comparison with NC, but none outperformed PC. Only phytase II improved AMEn compared to NC and PC group. However only phytase I outperformed NC group in terms of mineral retention and P retention was higher than phytase II and III. No significant differences were observed in fat digestibility and N retention. Bone strength among phytases did not differ and all improved this parameter compared to the NC diet. However, even though all phytases enhanced tibia minerals content, the improvement was less pronounced with phytase III. Moreover, the differences in all analysed tibia minerals between phytase III and II were significant suggesting that even among 6-phytases derived from and expressed in the same organism, different efficacy or mode of action can occur.

scholarly journals Symbiotics and Aloe vera and Symphytum officinale extracts in broiler feed

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (4Supl1) ◽  
pp. 2677 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Rodrigues Oliveira ◽  
Fabiana Ramos Santos ◽  
Eduardo Ferreira Duarte ◽  
Gustavo Silva Guimarães ◽  
Nadiessa Sartori Carvalho Mattos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Aloe Vera ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Nutrient Utilization ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Symphytum Officinale ◽  
Randomized Block Design

This study aimed to test the effects of dietary Aloe vera and Symphytum officinale extracts added separately or in combination with symbiotics on the performance, nutrient utilization, serum biochemical parameters, biometrics, and intestinal histomorfometry of broilers. The experiment had a randomized block design with five treatments and six replicates of ten broilers each. Treatments were as follows: negative control and positive control (diet without and with antibiotic, respectively); 0.2% Aloe vera (AV); 0.2% Symphytum officinale (S); 0.2% functional supplement, composed of symbiotics fermented in Aloe vera and comfrey plant extracts (S+PE). At seven days of age, FI of birds fed the Aloe vera extracts diets were lower than that observed for birds consuming the diet with Symphytum officinale extract and S+PE. Broiler performance remained unaffected by treatments at others ages evaluated. At 10 to 14 days of age the lowest ADCDM ADCCP was shown in group feed NC. The highest ADCCP was observed in PC control group and in diets supplemented with Aloe vera and S+PE. Serum levels of cholesterol, triglycerides, and phosphorus were affected by addition of extracts at seven, 21, and 35 days of age. The longest duodenal villi were observed in broilers fed S+PE diets at seven days of age. Aloe vera and Symphytum officinale extracts and symbiotics can be used in broiler diets as an alternative to growth-promoting antibiotics.

scholarly journals Effect of supplementation with Escherichia coli phytase for broilers on performance, nutrient digestibility, minerals in the tibia and diet cost

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 767
Author(s):  
Gabriel Villela Dessimoni ◽  
Nilva Kazue Sakomura ◽  
Daniella Carolina Zanardo Donato ◽  
Fábio Goldflus ◽  
Nayara Tavares Ferreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Diet Cost

Although phytase has been researched, new enzymes have been produced, leading to different animal responses. In this scenario, the present study proposes to evaluate the inclusion of a bacterial phytase produced by Escherichia coli in broiler diets based on corn and soybean meal, with or without nutrient reductions, on the performance, nutrient digestibility, phosphorus bioavailability, and bone minerals of those animals and on the economic viability of this practice. A total of 896 male broiler chickens were distributed into 32 experimental units, each housing 28 broilers. The experiment was set up as a completely randomized design with four treatments (Positive Control (PC)- diet meeting the nutritional requirements of the broiler chickens; Negative Control (NC) with reductions of 100kcal/kg of ME, 0.14% avP and 0.11% tCa; NC + phytase (500 FTU/kg); PC + phytase (500FTU/kg)) and 8 replicates. Phytase increased (p < 0.05) feed intake and body weight gain and improved feed conversion ratio in starter (1 to 21 days) and total (1 to 42 days) phases, respectively, compared with Negative Control diet without supplementation. The Negative Control + phytase diet also led to a feed intake similar to Positive Control in the starter and total phases. The inclusion of phytase without nutrient reductions improved (p < 0.05) feed conversion ratio in the starter phase, compared to Positive Control diet. There was an increase (p < 0.05) in the digestibility of dry matter, crude protein and phosphorus and in apparent digestible energy in the Negative Control + phytase diet compared to the Negative Control diet. Phytase supplementation increased (p < 0.05) the digestibility of crude protein, calcium and phosphorus, and apparent digestible energy compared to Positive Control diet. Ash, phosphorus, and calcium contents were higher in the Negative Control + phytase diet compared with those observed in the Negative Control diet without enzyme (p < 0.05). The Positive Control + phytase diet provided higher ash contents (p < 0.05), but calcium and phosphorus deposition was similar to those obtained with Positive Control diet. Phytase inclusion allows for a reduction in the diet cost per ton of produced feed. In conclusion, dietary supplementation with bacterial phytase produced from Escherichia coli for broiler chickens is recommended, as it provided increases in production performance, nutrient digestibility, and energy metabolizability and a reduction in the diet cost.

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