BIRTH WEIGHT, WEIGHT GAIN, AND OBESITY AMONG CHILDREN IN URUGUAY: A PROSPECTIVE STUDY SINCE BIRTH

ABSTRACT Objective: To examine the effect of birth weight and subsequent weight gain on children being overweight and obese in serial assessments of Uruguayan children living at urban areas. Methods: We used secondary data of pediatric anthropometric measurements and health and socioeconomic characteristics of families that were included in a longitudinal and prospective nationally representative survey (“Encuesta de Nutrición, Desarrollo Infantil y Salud”). The associations of conditional weight gain, being overweight and obesity were tested through correlation coefficients. Multivariate binary logistic regression models were performed to calculate the effect of birth weight on childhood obesity and were adjusted for covariates. Results: For macrosomic babies, there was an increase in the prevalence of overweight and obesity in 70% compared with non-macrosomic babies, when we adjusted for sex, exclusive breastfeeding duration, and household income. The correlation between weight gain and the body mass index for age indicated that the greatest (positive) difference in Z score between measurements increased the obesity levels. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that ensuring optimal birth weight and monitoring and controlling posterior weight gain represent the first steps toward primary prevention of childhood obesity.

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The Role of Health-related Behaviors in Gestational Weight Gain among Women with Overweight and Obesity: A Cross-sectional Analysis

Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia / RBGO Gynecology and Obstetrics ◽

10.1055/s-0040-1712132 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 42 (06) ◽

pp. 316-324

Author(s):

Daiane Sofia Morais Paulino ◽

Maira Pinho-Pompeu ◽

Fernanda Raikov ◽

Juliana Vasconcellos Freitas-Jesus ◽

Helymar Costa Machado ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Weight Gain ◽

Sleep Duration ◽

Gestational Weight Gain ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

The Body ◽

Stepwise Logistic Regression ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Gestational Weight ◽

Health Related Behaviors ◽

Health Related

Abstract Objective To evaluate the influence of health-related behaviors including food intake, physical activity, sleep time, smoking habits, stress, depression, and optimism on excessive gestational weight gain (GWG) among women with overweight and obesity. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted at the Women's Hospital of the Universidade de Campinas, Campinas, state of São Paulo, Brazil, with 386 mediate postpartum women that fit the inclusion criteria of ≥ 19 years old, first prenatal care visit at or before 14 weeks, and single live baby. Dietary habits, physical exercise practice, sleep duration, smoking and alcohol habits were self-reported. Psychosocial history was evaluated using the Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale (EPDS), Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), and Life Orientation Test-Revised (LOT-R). Sociodemographic, obstetric, anthropometric, and neonatal data were retrieved from medical records. Descriptive statistics and stepwise logistic regression were performed. Results The prevalence of overweight and obesity was 29.27% and 24.61%, respectively, according to the body mass index (BMI). Excessive GWG was observed in 47.79% of women with overweight and in 45.26% of women with obesity. Excessive GWG among overweight and obese women was associated with inadequate vegetable and bean consumption (odds ratio [OR] = 2.95, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.35–6.46 and OR = 1.91; 95%CI: 1.01–3.63, respectively) and stress (OR = 1.63; 95%CI 1.01–2.64). After adjustment by maternal age, multiparity, sleep duration, smoking, and alcohol intake, we found that stress (PSS ≥ 20) was associated with excessive GWG in women with overweight or obesity (OR: 1.75; 95%CI: 1.03–2.96). Conclusion Among women with overweight and obesity, stress is the main variable associated with excessive GWG. Inadequate vegetables and beans consumption also showed association with excessive GWG.

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Birth weight, rapid weight gain in infancy and markers of overweight and obesity in childhood

European Journal of Clinical Nutrition ◽

10.1038/ejcn.2013.183 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 67 (11) ◽

pp. 1147-1153 ◽

Cited By ~ 39

Author(s):

M R Sacco ◽

N P de Castro ◽

V L V Euclydes ◽

J M Souza ◽

P H C Rondó

Keyword(s):

Weight Gain ◽

Birth Weight ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

Rapid Weight Gain

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Early Pregnancy Weight Gain Exerts the Strongest Effect on Birth Weight, Posing a Critical Time to Prevent Childhood Obesity

Obesity ◽

10.1002/oby.21878 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 25 (9) ◽

pp. 1569-1576 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Nicholas T. Broskey ◽

Peng Wang ◽

Nan Li ◽

Junhong Leng ◽

Weiqin Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Weight Gain ◽

Birth Weight ◽

Childhood Obesity ◽

Early Pregnancy ◽

Critical Time ◽

Pregnancy Weight Gain ◽

Pregnancy Weight

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Calving difficulty as related to body weights and measurements of cows and calves in a herd of Gascon breed

Czech Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.17221/312-cjas ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 53 (No. 5) ◽

pp. 187-194 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

D. Bureš ◽

L. Bartoň ◽

R. Zahrádková ◽

V. Teslík ◽

M. Fiedlerová

Keyword(s):

Birth Weight ◽

Correlation Coefficients ◽

Live Weight ◽

The Body ◽

Body Measurements ◽

Factors Influencing ◽

Bull Calves ◽

Pelvic Area ◽

Body Weights ◽

Calving Difficulty

This study was conducted to evaluate the body weights and measurements of 86 Gascon calves and their dams. The effects of the course of parturition, parity of the dams, sex of the calves, and live- or stillborn calves were analysed. Phenotypic correlations between different measurements and calf birth weight as well as the course of parturition were calculated. Internal pelvic measurements were significantly associated with the occurrence of assisted calvings and stillborn calves. Primiparous cows had a smaller pelvic area, lower live weight, and more frequent difficulty in calving compared to older cows. A higher incidence of difficult calvings was observed in bull-calves due to their higher (P < 0.001) birth weight. High and significant correlation coefficients were determined between the birth weight and body measurements of the calves as well as between the calf birth weight and the course of parturition (r = 0.34; P < 0.01). Negative correlations (r = –0.21 to –0.30) were calculated between the internal pelvic measurements of the cows and the course of parturition score. It was concluded that the internal pelvic measurements of the dam and the size and shape of the calf were the factors influencing the course of parturition in this study to the largest extent.

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School environment and obesity in primary schools. An analysis of the WHO European COSI in Austria

European Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1093/eurpub/ckz185.322 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽

Author(s):

A Aufschnaiter ◽

K Schindler ◽

B Fuchs-Neuhold ◽

K Maruszczak ◽

E Pail ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nutrition Education ◽

Rural Areas ◽

School Environment ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Primary Schools ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

Substantial Contribution ◽

Significant Difference ◽

School Playgrounds

Abstract Background Overweight and obesity in childhood and the associated secondary diseases are constantly on the increase. Studies show that the school environment can have an influence on the weight of children. The Childhood Obesity Surveillance Initiative (COSI) of the WHO is a Europe-wide epidemiological monitoring of anthropometric sizes of school children aged six to nine, with Austria participating in COSI for the first time in 2016. Methods A retrospective secondary data analysis based on two standardized questionnaires was performed. On the one hand, data on determinants specific to the school field were collected, on the other hand anthropometric data of children in third grade were measured. Across Austria, data from 97 schools and 2530 children were collected and evaluated using descriptive and inductive statistical methods. Results In 43,3 % of the schools, an existing playground can be used outside school opening hours. 73,2 % of the schools integrate nutrition education into their school curriculum either as a separate subject or in combination with another subject. Milk and dairy products are available in 60,8 % of schools, fresh fruit in 63,9 % and vegetables in 51,5 %. 28,3 % of the examined, 8 to 9-year-old children are overweight or obese (n = 658), while boys have a significant higher BMI than girls (p < 0,001). Also, in urban areas children have a significant higher BMI on average than in rural areas (p = 0,025). No significant relationship could be identified between the duration of physical education lessons per week and the BMI. However, a significant difference in childreńs BMI became visible when school playgrounds were also accessible outside opening hours (p = 0,018). Conclusions The alarming number of overweight children in Austria should be diminished through policies and further interventions. Schools can make a substantial contribution to this. The course of the development could be closely observed through possible further surveys by COSI. Key messages 73,2% of the schools include nutrition education in their curricula. Yet, about every third Austrian child aged between 8 and 9 is overweight, with boys being significantly more overweight than girls. If school playgrounds are accessible outside opening hours, the childreńs BMI is significantly lower. In urban areas, children have a significantly higher BMI than in rural areas.

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High D(+)-Fructose Diet Adversely Affects Testicular Weight Gain in Weaning Rats—Protection by Moderate D(+)-Glucose Diet

Nutrition and Metabolic Insights ◽

10.4137/nmi.s12584 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 6 ◽

pp. NMI.S12584 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Katsumi Shibata ◽

Tsutomu Fukuwatari

Keyword(s):

Weight Gain ◽

Food Intake ◽

Developed Countries ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

The Body ◽

Minimum Requirement ◽

The Past ◽

Exogenous Glucose ◽

Testicular Weight ◽

The Developed Countries

The use of high D(+)-fructose corn syrup has increased over the past several decades in the developed countries, while overweight and obesity rates and the related diseases have risen dramatically. However, we found that feeding a high D(+)-fructose diet (80% D(+)-fructose as part of the diet) to weaning rats for 21 days led to reduced food intake (50% less, P < 0.0001) and thus delayed the weight gains in the body (40% less, P < 0.0001) and testes (40% less, P < 0.0001) compared to the no D(+)-fructose diet. We also challenged a minimum requirement of dietary D(+)-glucose for preventing the adverse effects of D(+)-fructose, such as lower food intake and reduction of body weight and testicular weight; the minimum requirement of D(+)-glucose was ã23% of the diet. This glucose amount may be the minimum requirement of exogenous glucose for reducing weight gain.

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A COMPARISON OF MILK PRODUCTION AND ITS RELATION TO LAMB GROWTH IN FIVE BREEDS OF SHEEP

Canadian Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.4141/cjas63-003 ◽

1963 ◽

Vol 43 (1) ◽

pp. 16-21 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

S. B. Slen ◽

R. D. Clark ◽

R. Hironaka

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Weight Gain ◽

Milk Production ◽

Body Weight Gain ◽

Correlation Coefficients ◽

Fat Content ◽

The Body ◽

Creep Feed ◽

Lamb Growth ◽

Major Consideration

Milk production from ewes of five breeds of sheep (Suffolk, Hampshire, Rambouillet, Canadian Corriedale, and Romnelet) and the growth of lambs suckling these ewes were compared. Milk production was measured by weighing the lambs prior to and after nursing and crediting the gain in weight to milk produced. Ewes nursing twins produced more milk than those nursing singles (P <.01). Among ewes nursing singles, Suffolk produced the greatest amount of milk (P <.01). Milk production from ewes nursing twins was greatest (P <.05) in Canadian Corriedale and Suffolk ewes. It is suggested that the milk drawn by twin lambs is a measure of milk production while that drawn by single lambs is a measure of ad lib. consumption.Single lambs gained more body weight than twin lambs (P <.01) but differences between breeds were not consistent. Gain in body weight of lambs varied with the milk consumed and, also, may have been influenced by differences in creep-feed consumption.The significant correlation coefficients between milk production and body weight gain of twin lambs in four of the five breeds suggests that milk production is a major consideration in determining the body weight gain of lambs, although other factors also apparently influence body weight gain of the lambs. Since no differences were found in the protein or fat content of the milk (P >.05), it would appear that these factors had little influence on the body weight gain of the lambs or its correlation with milk production.

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Pengaruh berat badan induk terhadap berat lahir dan pertambahan bobot badan pedet pada sapi bali yang dipelihara secara semi-intensif di kabupaten belu

Jurnal Sains Peternakan ◽

10.21067/jsp.v7i1.3614 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 62-69

Author(s):

Jenitha Verawati Fallo ◽

Enike Dwi Kusumawati ◽

Aju Tjatur Nugroho Krisnaningsih

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Weight Gain ◽

Birth Weight ◽

Body Weight Gain ◽

Parent Body ◽

The Body ◽

Maternal Weight ◽

Weight Group ◽

Maintenance System ◽

Daily Body Weight

Abstrak Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh berat badan induk terhadap berat lahir dan pertambahan bobot badan pedet pada sapi Bali yang dipelihara secara semi-intensif. Materi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah 30 ekor induk sapi Bali dengan umur 3-5 tahun dan 30 ekor pedet sapi Bali dari tahun 2015 sampai 2017. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode kuantitatif dengan analisis data dari data recording, dengan 3 perlakuan yaitu P1 bobot badan 151-200 Kg, P2 bobot badan 201-250 Kg, P3 bobot badan 251-300 Kg dengan masing-masing perlakuan di ulangan 10 kali. Variabel yang diukur adalah berat lahir sapi Bali dan pertambahan bobot badan harian, data dianalisa menggunakan analisa varian.Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa berat badan induk tidak memberikan pengaruh yang nyata terhadap berat lahir dan pertambahan bobot badan pedet pada sapi Bali yang dipelihara secara semi-intensif (P>0,05), dengan berat lahir pedet tertinggi 20 Kg pada kelompok bobot badan induk 251 – 300 Kg, demikian pula pada kelompok bobot badan induk 251-300 Kg pertambahan bobot badan pedet tertimggi adalah 0,87 Kg. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa berat lahir dan pertambahan bobot badan pedet pada sapi Bali tidak dipengaruhi oleh berat badan induk pada sistem pemeliharaan semi-intensif. Abstract The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of maternal weight on birth weight and calf weight gain in semi-intensive Balinese cattle.The material used in this study were 30 Balinese cows with 3-5 years of age and 30 Balinese calves from 2015 to 2017. The method used in this study was a quantitative method by analyzing data from recording data, with 3 treatments namely P1 body weight 151-200 Kg, P2 body weight 201-250 Kg, P3 body weight 251-300 Kg with replication is not the same, namely 10 replications. The variables measured were Bali cattle birth weight and daily body weight gain and analyzed the data using a completely randomized design.The results of this study indicate that maternal body weight did not have a significant effect on birth weight and calf weight gain in semi-intensive Balinese cattle (P> 0.05), with the highest calf birth weight 20 Kg in the body weight group the main 251 - 300 Kg, as well as the parent body weight 251-300 Kg the highest increase in calf body weight was 0.87 Kg. Based on the results of this study it can be concluded that birth weight and calf weight gain in Balinese cattle are not influenced by the body weight of the semi-intensive maintenance system.

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Factors Driving Rice Land Change 1989–2018 in the Deli Serdang Regency, Indonesia

Agriculture ◽

10.3390/agriculture9090186 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (9) ◽

pp. 186

Author(s):

Siagian ◽

Shrestha ◽

Kuwornu

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Land Use Change ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Soil Analysis ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Binary Logistic Regression ◽

Sustainable Land Use ◽

Primary Data ◽

Land Change ◽

Factors Affecting

The Deli Serdang Regency produces amongst the highest amounts of rice in the province of North Sumatera in Indonesia. Due to land use change and stagnant productivity, the total rice land area and its production have gradually decreased over the years. Hence, understanding this issue is crucial, especially to ensure the sustainability of rice production in the future. The objectives of this study were to identify the trends in land use change (especially regarding rice land) and to investigate the factors affecting rice land change. We classified the satellite images acquired for the years 1989, 1994, 2003, 2009, and 2018 to determine the total area of various land uses. The factors driving rice land change were analyzed using biophysical and socio-economic factors identified from the collected primary and secondary data. The primary data were derived from field surveys, soil analysis, and household surveys, and the secondary data were derived from the Statistical Institution of the Deli Serdang Regency. Correlation analysis, principle component analysis, binary logistic regression, normalization, and weighted index were used to investigate the factors driving rice land change. The results show that forest and rice land have continuously decreased, while plantations and urban areas have continuously increased over this period. We found that the majority of rice land has been converted to plantation expansion and urban development, especially from 2009 to 2018. The factors most affecting rice land change were the distance of rice land to the district capital, the distance of rice land to the provincial capital, population density, slope, and the distance of farmers’ rice land to a road. A suitability map for rice land was generated. All the outputs could help with making appropriate strategic decisions to achieve sustainable land use management, especially for rice land.

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Overweight and Obesity Among School-aged Children and Maternal Preventive Practices against Childhood Obesity in Select Local Government Areas of Lagos, Southwest, Nigeria

International Journal of MCH and AIDS (IJMA) ◽

10.21106/ijma.273 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 70-83

Author(s):

Oluwafunmilayo Funke Adeniyi ◽

Gabriel T. Fagbenro ◽

Foluke A. Olatona

Keyword(s):

Childhood Obesity ◽

Local Government ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

The Body ◽

World Health ◽

School Age Children ◽

Categorical Variables ◽

School Aged Children ◽

Preventive Practices ◽

Southwest Nigeria

Background: Childhood obesity is an emerging epidemic in the developing countries, particularly in the urban settings. This study examines the prevalence of overweight and obesity among school-aged children and the maternal preventive practices against childhood obesity. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study of school-aged children aged 6-13 years and mothers from two Local Government Areas of Lagos State, Southwest Nigeria. Multi-stage sampling technique was used to select study areas and participants, while data were collected using an interviewer administered questionnaire. The Body Mass Index (BMI) of children were determined using the World Health Organisation (WHO) 2007 reference charts. Chi-square test was used to analyze categorical variables and logistic regression analyses were conducted to determine the factors associated with the nutritional status and maternal childhood obesity preventive practices. All analyses were conducted using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) 21. Results: In all, 440 children comprising of 232 boys (52.7%) and 208 girls (42.3%) were studied. Of these, 29 of the participants (6.6%) were overweight, while 39 of them (8.9%) were obese. Most of the children (71.2%) consumed root/tubers and processed cereals while 9 (0.02%) and (17) 0.04% consumed fruits and vegetables. BMI was only significantly related to child age and sex. In all, 243 mothers (55.2%) had good practices against childhood obesity. Levels of maternal preventive practices were not significantly associated with child BMI. Conclusions and Global Health Implications: Overweight/obesity among school-aged children in Lagos is high. Only half of the mothers were involved in preventive practices against childhood obesity. There is need for continuous education and advocacy concerning healthy diet and other preventive strategies against childhood obesity in Lagos, and potentially other parts of the developing world. Key words: • Overweight • Obesity • School-age children • Childhood Maternal preventive practices • Lagos • Nigeria Copyright © 2019 Adeniyi et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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