Physiological maturity and drying speed in the quality of zucchini ( Cucurbita pepo L.) seeds

Abstract: Harvesting and drying are essential procedures to obtain high quality seeds as well as for their conservation during storage. The goal of this research was to identify the physiological maturity stage and to verify the effect of drying speeds on the quality of zucchini seeds. A completely randomized design in a 3x2x2 factor scheme was used, involving three fruit maturation stages (49, 56 and 63 days after anthesis - DAA), two drying speeds (slow and quick) and two storage periods (0 and 6 months). Seed quality was evaluated by germination, first count, accelerated aging, electrical conductivity, tetrazolium, seedling emergence, emergence speed index and seed health test. Moisture content, thousand seed mass and percentage full seeds were also evaluated. Zucchini seeds reach maximum quality at 49 DAA. Slow or quick drying and storage do not affect the physiological quality of seeds that were harvested at 49 DAA. The delayed harvest of fruits reduces the quality of seeds. Quick drying reduces the incidence of the fungi Alternaria, Cladosporium, Phoma and Fusarium, and increases the occurrence of Aspergillus and Penicillium.

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Fruit maturation stage on the physiological quality of maroon cucumber seeds

Pesquisa Agropecuária Tropical ◽

10.1590/1983-40632019v4953188 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 49 ◽

Author(s):

Cleisson Dener da Silva ◽

Andréia Márcia Santos de Souza David ◽

Josiane Cantuária Figueiredo ◽

Jorge Luiz Rodrigues Barbosa ◽

Rayane Aguiar Alves

Keyword(s):

Seed Quality ◽

Seedling Emergence ◽

Accelerated Aging ◽

Dry Mass ◽

Maturation Stage ◽

Physiological Maturity ◽

Physiological Quality ◽

Photography Analysis ◽

The Ideal

ABSTRACT To obtain seeds of high physiological quality, it is of paramount importance to define the ideal harvest moment, which oftentimes corresponds to the period when the physiological maturity is reached. This experiment aimed to study the maturation process and determine the best harvest season of maroon cucumber fruits (Liso Gibão cultivar), in order to reach the maximum physiological seed quality. The flowers were labeled during the anthesis and the fruits harvested at 14, 21, 28, 35, 42, 49 and 56 days after the anthesis (DAA). The fruits had their visual aspects registered by photography analysis and, later, the seeds were extracted for physical (water and dry matter contents) and physiological (germination, seedling emergence, emergence speed index, accelerated aging and electrical conductivity) analyses. It was observed that the seeds reach the maximum dry mass (8.08 mg seed-1) between 47 and 49 DAA. However, the seed physiological maturity, characterized by a maximum germination (70 %) and vigor, occurs at 56 DDA. The best season to harvest seeds with a higher physiological quality takes place from 49 to 56 DDA, when the fruits present a yellowish color.

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Quality of maize seeds harvested and husked at high moisture levels

Journal of Seed Science ◽

10.1590/s2317-15372013000300001 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 35 (3) ◽

pp. 276-283 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Valquíria de Fátima Ferreira ◽

João Almir Oliveira ◽

Thaís Francielle Ferreira ◽

Leandro Vilela Reis ◽

Vanessa de Andrade ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Seed Quality ◽

Seedling Emergence ◽

Mechanical Damage ◽

Accelerated Aging ◽

Cold Test ◽

High Moisture ◽

Maize Seeds ◽

Seed Moisture ◽

Seed Health Test

Harvest of maize seeds with high moisture levels has been recommended; nevertheless, after harvest, the ears undergo the process of husking and there is a need to assess the compatibility of these processes. The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of mechanical husking on the quality of maize seeds collected at high moisture levels. Dent BM 3061 hybrid maize seeds, manually collected from the ear, with moisture contents of 45%, 40% and 35%, and a 20/64 round sieve were used. The ears were mechanically husked (CWA machine, 312 rpm), dried in a stationary drier at 35 ⁰C until reaching 22% moisture, followed by drying at 42 ºC until reaching 12%. Then, they underwent shelling, followed by a chemical treatment with Maxin® + K-obiol® + Actellic®. Seed quality was assessed according to the occurrence tests of mechanical damage, first count, germination, seedling emergence, emergence speed index, average emergence time, electrical conductivity, accelerated aging, cold test, and seed health test at every quarter for 9 months. The mechanical husking affects maize seed quality, depending on the degree of seed moisture at harvest and on the material studied. This hybrid's seeds can be collected with seed moisture levels at 40% with the use of mechanical husking.

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Physiological quality of dynamically cooled and stored soybean seeds

Journal of Seed Science ◽

10.1590/s2317-15372013000300012 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 35 (3) ◽

pp. 353-360 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Jacson Zuchi ◽

José de Barros França-Neto ◽

Carlos Sigueyuki Sediyama ◽

Adílio Flauzino de Lacerda Filho ◽

Múcio Silva Reis

Keyword(s):

Dynamic Process ◽

Seed Quality ◽

Seedling Emergence ◽

Accelerated Aging ◽

Superior Performance ◽

Soybean Seeds ◽

Tropical Regions ◽

Physiological Quality ◽

Feasible Alternative

Storage is an important step in the production of soybean seeds, mainly in tropical regions, where high temperatures can drastically reduce seed quality. The storage at cooler temperatures may be a feasible alternative to preserve seed quality during storage. The objective of this study was to evaluate the physiological quality of soybean seeds artificially cooled by a dynamic process and stored in an environment, with non controlled temperature and relativity humidity. Two seed lots of cultivars Monsoy 8757, TMG 115 RR and BRS Valiosa RR were used. After processing and during packaging the seeds were cooled to 18 ºC by a dynamic process. Seed samples were collected after 0, 60 and 120 days of storage, using the following parameters germination, accelerated aging, seedling emergence in sand, speed of emergence index, electrical conductivity, tetrazolium and seed health. Although soybean seeds artificially cooled by the dynamic method may have slightly superior performance in maintaining physiological quality during storage in non-refrigerated warehouse, for lots of high physiological quality, these advantages are not observed.

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Seed quality of rice cultivars stored in different environments

Journal of Seed Science ◽

10.1590/s2317-15372014000100004 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 36 (1) ◽

pp. 32-39 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Elizabeth Rosemeire Marques ◽

Eduardo Fontes Araújo ◽

Roberto Fontes Araújo ◽

Sebastião Martins Filho ◽

Plínio César Soares

Keyword(s):

Seed Quality ◽

Accelerated Aging ◽

Storage Period ◽

Rice Cultivars ◽

Germination Test ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Physiological Quality ◽

Completely Randomized Design ◽

And Storage

The objective of this study was to evaluate dormancy and physiological quality of seeds of rice cultivars during storage in different environments. After harvesting, the seeds of three rice cultivars (Seleta, Curinga and Relâmpago) were dried in the sun, to reach moisture content at around 13%. Then, they were packed in paper and stored in four environments: 5 ± 2 ºC / 70 ± 5% RH, 12 ± 2 ºC / 70 ± 5% RH, 18 ± 2 ºC / 65 ± 5% RH and in uncontrolled condition of temperature and relative humidity (natural). Physiological quality was evaluated at the beginning and at 3, 6, 9 and 12 months of storage by germination test, electrical conductivity, accelerated aging and sand emergence. The experiment was conducted in split plots in a completely randomized design with three replications. Environmental factor was applied in the plots, cultivars in the subplots and storage period in subplots. Cultivar Seleta showed higher dormancy, which was surpassed during storage regardless of environment conservation. In general, seeds stored in natural environment showed lower physiological quality. Only the seeds of cultivar Seleta, regardless of the environment, maintained germination above the minimum required for commercialization until six months of storage.

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Trinexapac-ethyl and topdressing nitrogen levels on the productivity and physiological quality of graniferous white oat seeds

Journal of Seed Science ◽

10.1590/2317-1545v40n3183179 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 40 (3) ◽

pp. 263-271

Author(s):

José Henrique Bizzarri Bazzo ◽

Carlos Roberto Riede ◽

Klever Marcio Antunes Arruda ◽

André Prechlak Barbosa ◽

Inês Cristina de Batista Fonseca ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Plant Growth ◽

Seed Quality ◽

Seedling Emergence ◽

Accelerated Aging ◽

N Fertilization ◽

Growth Retardant ◽

Nitrogen Levels ◽

Oat Seeds ◽

Physiological Quality

Abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the physiological quality of white oat seeds cultivated under different topdressing N levels combined with the plant growth retardant trinexapac-ethyl in two growing environments. The experiments were carried out in Londrina and Mauá da Serra Municipalities (PR, Brazil) with the cultivar ‘IPR Afrodite’. The experimental design was in randomized blocks, in a 4x2 factorial arrangement, with four replications. Treatments consisted of four N levels (0, 30, 60, and 90 kg.ha-1) combined or not with the plant growth retardant. Seed yield, 1000-seed weight, germination, first germination count, seedling length, seedling dry matter, accelerated aging, electrical conductivity, emergence speed index, and seedling emergence in sand were evaluated. Data were submitted to the analysis of variance and then to the F test and regression analysis up to the second degree (p≤0.05). The application of the plant growth retardant and N topdressing led to an increase in seed productivity in Mauá da Serra. N fertilization reduced seed quality, but this effect can be minimized, not observed or overlapped by the positive effect of the plant growth retardant. Such an effect depends on environmental characteristics and it was not observed in Londrina.

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PHYSIOLOGICAL QUALITY OF MUNG BEAN SEEDS ACCORDING TO THE PLANT DENSITY

JOURNAL OF NEOTROPICAL AGRICULTURE ◽

10.32404/rean.v6i4.3580 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (4) ◽

pp. 29-35

Author(s):

Edvan Costa Silva ◽

Nei Peixoto ◽

Natália Arruda ◽

Natália Cássia de Faria Ferreira ◽

Luís Augusto Batista de Oliveira

Keyword(s):

Mung Bean ◽

Seed Quality ◽

Plant Density ◽

Seedling Emergence ◽

Accelerated Aging ◽

Dry Mass ◽

Row Spacing ◽

State University ◽

Physiological Quality

Mung beans (Vigna radiata L.) are of Asian origin and have gained national importance with the production of moyashi. The study aimed to evaluate the seed physiological quality of mung beans according to the row spacing and number of plants per meter. The experiment was conducted at Goiás State University, Ipameri Campus. Tests were performed to determine the water content, germination, and vigor to evaluate the physiological quality of the seeds. The experimental design was completely randomized, with the treatments arranged in a 2 x 6 factorial scheme, having as factors the row spacing (25 and 50 cm) and the number of plants per meter (4, 8, 12, 16, 20, and 24 plants) with four replications. Based on the results of the analysis of variance, germination, first germination count, and emergence speed index were not influenced by row spacing and number of plants per meter. The shoot length of seedlings was significative affected by row spacing and the number of plants per meter. For root length, seedling dry mass and thousand-seed weight there was significant interaction between the studied factors. There was significant effect of row spacing on accelerated aging and seedling emergence. The mung bean plant density affected seed quality. Seeds produced with a row spacing of 50 cm with 24 plants per meter had the best physiological potential.

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Sanitary quality of soybean seeds treated with fungicides and insecticides before and after storage

Journal of Seed Science ◽

10.1590/2317-1545v41n3210498 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 41 (3) ◽

pp. 293-300

Author(s):

Thaís Francielle Ferreira ◽

Marcos Vinicios Carvalho ◽

Valquíria de Fátima Ferreira ◽

Denilson Paulo da Rosa Mavaieie ◽

Gabriel Castanheira Guimarães ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Seed Treatment ◽

Seed Quality ◽

Accelerated Aging ◽

Soybean Seeds ◽

Insecticide Treatment ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Before And After ◽

Completely Randomized Design ◽

Penicillium Spp

Abstract: Fungi are considered as the most important among pathogens due to the higher number of species and to the damage caused both in yield and in seed quality. Thus, aimed to verify the effect of fungicide and insecticide treatment on sanitary quality and physiological performance of soybean seeds before and after storage. Seeds from cultivars NS 7494, NS 8693 and NS 7338 IPRO were used, which were analyzed separately by a completely randomized design in a 3 x 6 factorial design, being three chemical treatment applications: 1) treated and evaluated; 2) treated, stored and evaluated; 3) stored, treated and evaluated; and six mixtures of fungicides and insecticides: (Imidacloprido + Tiocarbe) + (Carbendazim + Tiram), (Imidacloprido + Tiocarbe) + (Metalaxil-M + Fludioxonil), Thiamethoxam + (Carbendazim + Tiram), Thiamethoxam + (Metalaxil-M + Fludioxonil), (Fipronil + Piraclostrobina + Metil-tiofanato) and the control, which was added only water. The healthy test, germination, cold and accelerated aging tests were evaluated. Seed treatment products require at least two months to be effective in controlling Penicillium spp. and Fusarium spp. The mixtures containing Carbendazim + Tiram in its composition are efficient in the control of pathogens regardless of the application time of products.

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Physiological quality of eggplant seeds with different extraction and drying methods

Journal of Seed Science ◽

10.1590/s2317-15372013000100007 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 35 (1) ◽

pp. 51-55 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Leomara Vieira de França ◽

Mariana Dierings Croda ◽

Warley Marcos Nascimento ◽

Raquel Alves de Freitas

Keyword(s):

Hydrochloric Acid ◽

Seed Quality ◽

Seedling Emergence ◽

Accelerated Aging ◽

Drying Methods ◽

Seed Moisture Content ◽

Seed Moisture ◽

Seed Extraction ◽

Physiological Quality

During seed extraction in fleshy fruits, some procedures are necessary to ensure seed quality and minimize deterioration and microorganism activity; also seeds extracted under moist conditions need special care when drying. The objective of this study was to evaluate the physiological quality of eggplant seeds submitted to different extraction and drying methods. In the first study, whole eggplant fruits were mechanically crushed and then fermented for 0, 24 and 48 hours, with and without applying hydrochloric acid during seed extraction. In the second study, seeds were extracted in a pepper peeler and then immediately washed in water and submitted to the following drying methods: Sun/24 h; Sun/48 h; 32 °C/24 h; 32 °C/48 h; 38 °C/24 h; 38 °C/48 h; Sun/24 h + 32 °C/24 h; Sun/24 h + 38 °C/24 h e 32 °C/24 h + 38 °C/24 h. The treatment efficiency of both experiments was evaluated from the following tests: seed weight, germination, first count, accelerated aging and seedling emergence. The results suggest that fermentation and applying hydrochloric acid to pulp/seed reduce the physiological seed quality. All drying methods reduced the seed moisture content permitting adequate storage and maintenance of seed physiological quality.

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Accelerated aging parameters in the prediction of physiological and sanitary quality of birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.) seeds

Journal of Seed Science ◽

10.1590/2317-1545v39n1169264 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 39 (1) ◽

pp. 75-82

Author(s):

Rodrigo Ramos Lopes ◽

Mariana Rockenbach de Ávila ◽

Bruno Frosi Gasparetto ◽

Cléber Henrique Lopes de Souza ◽

Lucia Brandão Franke

Keyword(s):

Water Content ◽

Seedling Emergence ◽

Accelerated Aging ◽

Lotus Corniculatus ◽

Birdsfoot Trefoil ◽

Nacl Solution ◽

Physiological Characterization ◽

Before And After ◽

Seed Health Test

Abstract: The objective of this study was to evaluate the accelerated aging test, with and without NaCl solution, predicting the physiological health and quality of birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.) seed. The experimental design was completely randomized. Ten seed lots were submitted to three conditioning periods (24, 48 and 72 h at 41 ºC). The physiological characterization of the lots was the determination of water content (before and after accelerated aging), germination, first germination count, germination speed index, seedling emergence and seed health test. The data were submitted to variance analyze and the averages were compared by the Scott-Knott test, at 5% probability. The accelerated aging methodologies with saline solution and saturated NaCl solution, conditioned for 48 h, were correlated with seedling emergence test (0.52 and 0.69, respectively), allowing the prediction of physiological quality of birdsfoot trefoil seeds. The use of saturated solution for 48 h decreases incidence of fungi. The traditional method is not suitable because it provides water content variation between samples above the tolerable.

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Physiological Potential of Bean Seeds under Different Storage Temperatures

Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.5539/jas.v9n12p82 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 9 (12) ◽

pp. 82

Author(s):

Camila Hendges ◽

Douglas Luzzi ◽

Ricardo Walcker ◽

Jéssica Inês Finger ◽

Donizete Batista Carmelo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Seed Quality ◽

Storage Temperature ◽

Seed Mass ◽

Accelerated Aging ◽

Numerical Data ◽

Cold Test ◽

Temperature Conditions ◽

Physiological Quality ◽

Storage Temperatures

Stored beans have active metabolism and respiration may cause significant quality losses. Therefore, some care is necessary during this period, aiming at maintaining the physiological quality of seeds, minimizing their deterioration and reducing their germinative power. Seed quality during storage may be influenced by environmental factors and the interaction of genotypes with the environment. The objective was to evaluate the germination and vigor of bean seeds after 90-days storage under different temperature conditions. The experiment was conducted under a completely randomized design, with four replications, in 3 × 2 factorial scheme, considering three storage temperatures (10 °C, 20 °C and 30 °C) and two storage times (0 and 90 days). For potential evaluation, the following characteristics were considered: moisture content, thousand seed mass, germination, electrical conductivity, accelerated aging and cold test. Numerical data were submitted variance analysis with averages compared by means test at 5% of significance. Results showed that storage temperature conditions directly affect physiological quality of bean seeds. Temperature of 10 °C provided better seed conservation whereas temperature of 30 °C promoted higher deterioration and reduced vigor.

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