scholarly journals Maize nitrogen fertilization in two crop rotation systems under no-till

Revista CERES ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 60 (6) ◽  
pp. 852-862
Author(s):  
Maria do Carmo Lana ◽  
Rodrigo Vianei Czycza ◽  
Jean Sérgio Rosset ◽  
Jucenei Fernando Frandoloso
Keyword(s):  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Block Design ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Rotation System ◽  
No Till ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Crop Rotation System ◽  
N Rates

The objective of this study was to evaluate split nitrogen (N) fertilization of maize applied in band at sowing and top dressing with and without crop rotation, under no-till. The experiment was conducted with six N rates at sowing (0, 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60 kg ha-1) combined with three rates in top dressing (40, 70, 100 kg ha-1) and two management systems: after five cropping sequences of maize and crop rotation (maize + soybean + oat + soybean + corn) in a randomized block design with four replications. The crop rotation system increased yield in approximately 7% in relation to the area without rotation. The split of nitrogen fertilization, in rates above 39 and 54 kg ha-1 at sowing and 70 and 40 kg ha-1 in top dressing, resulted in yield higher than that obtained with the application of 100 kg ha-1 in top dressing. Grain yield was higher with the rates 50 and 70 kg ha-1 of N compared with that obtained with 20 and 100 kg ha-1 at sowing and top dressing, respectively. The rate 70 kg ha-1 of N resulted in the highest yield at the lowest cost compared with the revenues and costs incurred with the rates 40 and 100 kg ha-1.

scholarly journals Corn and Soybean Productivity in Succession to Family Coverage Plants Poaceae and Fabaceae

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 111
Author(s):  
Marcos Cesar Mottin ◽  
Edleusa Pereira Seidel ◽  
Emerson Fey ◽  
Jaqueline Vanelli ◽  
André Luiz Alves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cover Crops ◽  
Soil Cover ◽  
Block Design ◽  
First Year ◽  
Rotation System ◽  
No Till ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
White Lupine ◽  
Crop Rotation System ◽  
Autumn And Winter

The use of soil cover plants has varied effects on crops grown in succession, depending on the cover plant used. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of soil cover plants from the Poaceae and Fabaceae families grown in the autumn and winter on yields of corn and soybean grown in succession. The experiment was carried out for two years and the experimental design used was randomized block design, with six replications. Both in the first year and the second, the plots consisted of the cultivation of corn or soybeans on the different biomasses of four cover crops cultivated in autumn and winter intercropped with corn. The cover crops were two Poaceae plants (black oats and brachiaria) and two Fabaceae plants (forage pea and white lupine). The production and productivity parameters of summer corn and soybean commercial crops were evaluated Cover plants of the Poaceae (black oat and brachiaria) and Fabacea (pea and white lupine) families intercropped with corn grown in autumn-winter did not affect their yield components and yield; as well as the productivity of soybeans in succession. According to the results of this work, the cultivation of black oat, brachiaria, forage pea and lupine increases the number of species that the farmer can cultivate intercropped with corn, favoring the crop rotation system in no-till.

scholarly journals Yield performance of upland rice cultivars at different rates and times of nitrogen application

2012 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 475-483 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Hildernando Bezerra Barreto ◽  
Ismail Soares ◽  
José Almeida Pereira ◽  
Antonio Marcos Esmeraldo Bezerra ◽  
José Aridiano Lima de Deus
Keyword(s):  
Upland Rice ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Block Design ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Nitrogen Application ◽  
N Application ◽  
Yield Performance ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
N Rates

Nitrogen is the most important nutrient for rice (Oryza sativa L) yields. This study aimed to evaluate the response of upland rice cultivars to N rate and application times in a randomized block design, in subdivided plots with four replications. The studied factors were five rice cultivars (BRS MG Curinga, BRS Monarca, BRS Pepita, BRS Primavera, and BRS Sertaneja), three application times (100 % at planting, 50 % at planting - 50 % at tillering and 100 % at tillering) and four N rates (0, 50, 100, and 150 kg ha-1). All cultivars responded to increased rates and different times of N application, especially BRS Primavera and BRS Sertaneja, which were the most productive when 50 % N rates were applied at sowing and 50 % at tillering. The response of cultivar BRS Monarca to N fertilization was best when 100 % of the fertilizer was applied at tillering.

scholarly journals DOSES E MODOS DE APLICAÇÃO DE UREIA REVESTIDA COM POLÍMERO NO CULTIVO DE ALFACE AMERICANA

Nativa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 579-584
Author(s):  
Hamilton César de Oliveira Charlo ◽  
Juliano da Silva Martins de Almeida ◽  
Valdeci Orioli Júnior ◽  
Regina Maria Quintão Lana
Keyword(s):  
Lactuca Sativa ◽  
Block Design ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Additional Treatment ◽  
Lactuca Sativa L ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Coated Urea ◽  
Commercial Yield ◽  
Polymer Coated Urea ◽  
N Rates

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o efeito de doses e modos de aplicação de N, fornecido por meio de ureia revestida, no estado nutricional e produção de alface americana. Utilizou-se o delineamento em blocos ao acaso em arranjo fatorial 6x4 + 1, sendo seis doses de N (28,75; 57,50; 115,00; 172,50; 230,00; 287,50 kg ha-1 de N), como fonte a ureia revestida, e quatro modos de aplicação do nutriente (100% da dose no transplante; 50% no transplante + 50% aos 10 dias após o transplante (DAT); 25% no transplante + 75% aos 10 dias DAT; 25% no transplante + 25% a cada cobertura, aos 10, 20 e 30 DAT). No tratamento adicional utilizou-se a ureia convencional. Foram determinados os teores foliares de N, P, K, Ca e Mg, a massa fresca total e comercial da cabeça, o diâmetro do caule, a altura da planta e o diâmetro da cabeça aos 30 e 60 dias após o transplante. Verificou-se que a adubação nitrogenada aumentou os teores foliares de N, Ca e Mg, e reduziu os teores foliares de K e P. Não houve influência das doses de N proveniente de ureia revestida com polímero e dos modos de aplicação nos atributos morfológicos e produtivos da cultura. Palavras-chave: Lactuca sativa L.; nitrogênio; fertilizante de liberação lenta; fertilizante de liberação controlada.   RATES AND APPLICATIONS WAYS OF POLYMER-COATED UREA IN CRISPHEAD LETTUCE CULTIVATION   ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of N rates (using a polymer-coated urea) and N application ways in nutritional status and yield of crisphead lettuce. The randomized block design in a 6 x 4 + 1 factorial arrangement was used, with six N rates (28.75, 57.50, 115.00, 172.50, 230.00, 287.50 kg ha-1 of N), with the use of polymer-coated urea, and four nutrient application ways (100% of the transplant rate, 50% at the transplant + 50% at the 10 days after the transplant (DAT), 25% at the transplant + 75% at 10 days DAT, 25% at transplant + 25% at each side dressing fertilization at 10, 20 and 30 DAT). The additional treatment was related to the recommended N fertilization using conventional urea. N, P, K, Ca and Mg, total and commercial yield, stem diameter, plant height and head diameter were determined at 30 and 60 days after transplant. Nitrogen fertilization increased the N, Ca and Mg foliar levels, independently of the application way. However, in general, it reduced the leaf levels of K and P. There was no influence of N rates from polymer-coated urea and application way on the morphological attributes and yield of the crop. Keywords: Lactuca sativa L.; nitrogen; slow-release fertilizer; controlled-release fertilizer.

scholarly journals Responses of Several Mungbean (Vigna radiata L. Wilczek) Cultivars to Second Nitrogen Fertilization at Early Reproductive Stage

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 68-73
Author(s):  
Sosiawan Nusifera ◽  
JS Simanjuntak ◽  
MS Fitriani
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Block Design ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Reproductive Stage ◽  
Plant Seed ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Pod Number

Research aimed to know responses of several mungbean cultivars to second nitrogen fertilization at early reproductive stage and find the best dose for each cultivar, was conducted in experimental station of Faculty of Agriculture, Jambi University started from January 2016 until March 2016. This was a factorial experiment arranged in randomized block design with two replications. The first factor was mungbean cultivars comprised four levels namely ‘Betet’,’Walet’, ‘Parkit’, ‘Perkutut’ and the second factor was second nitrogen fertilization comprised three levels namely without second fertilization, 30 kg N ha-1 , 40 kg N ha-1 , 50 kg N ha-1 . Variables observed were period of reproductive stage (days), number of pod per plant, number of filled pod per plant, seed weight per plant (g), and 1000 seed weight (g). Data were analyzed by using analysis of variance continued with LSD test with significance level of 5%. Results indicated that there were different responses among four mungbean cultivars to second nitrogen fertilization at early reproductive stage, especially on variables of filled pod number per plant and seed weight per plant. Best dose for each cultivar was 40 kg N ha-1 for ‘Walet’ and 30 kg N ha-1 for Parkit, whereas on cultivar ‘Betet’ and ‘Perkutut’, second N fertilization seemed to have no significant effect.

scholarly journals Influence of Azospirillum brasilense associated with silicon and nitrogen fertilization on macronutrient contents in corn

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 126-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Shintate Galindo ◽  
Marcelo Carvalho Minhoto Teixeira Filho ◽  
Salatiér Buzetti ◽  
Willian Lima Rodrigues ◽  
Guilherme Carlos Fernandes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Azospirillum Brasilense ◽  
Soil Acidity ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Biotic And Abiotic Stresses ◽  
No Till ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
N Rates ◽  
Biological Nitrogen ◽  
N Use

AbstractInformation regarding the interaction between biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) with Azospirillum brasilense inoculation and the use of silicon (Si) is needed. Silicon exerts numerous benefits on grasses, especially when the plants are subjected to biotic and abiotic stresses, affecting plant nutrition. The aim of this research was to determine if there is a synergistic effect between the inoculation with A. brasilense and Si use, on macro-nutrient content in corn shoot and root. The field trial was performed in Selvíria, Brazil, on a Typic Rhodic Hapludox soil under no-till system. The experimental design was a completely randomized block design with four replicates arranged in a 2 × 5 × 2 triple factorial arrangement, consisting of two soil acidity corrective sources (dolomitic limestone and Ca and Mg silicate as sources of Si); five N doses (0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 kg ha-1 applied in topdressing); with and without seed inoculation with A. brasilense. The inoculation favored N concentration in shoots and increased the N and S concentration even when associated to high N rates in topdressing. The Si as Ca and Mg silicate associated with the increment of N rates does not promote an increase in the macronutrients uptake. Although it did not favor the N use, the Si also did not negatively affect the benefits of the A. brasilense.

scholarly journals Carbon and carbon dioxide accumulation by marandu grass under nitrogen fertilization and irrigation

Revista CERES ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 387-393
Author(s):  
Elisângela Dupas ◽  
Salatiér Buzetti ◽  
Flávio Henrique Silveira Rabêlo ◽  
André Luís Sarto
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Block Design ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Organic Matter Production ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
N Rates

ABSTRACT Nitrogen (N) is the most limiting nutrient for growth of forage grasses, especially in conditions of low water availability. Therefore, it is important to evaluate the effect of N fertilization and irrigation on the accumulation of carbon (C) and carbon dioxide (CO2) by marandu grass in the Cerrado Paulista, in the rainy and dry seasons. Experiments were conducted to evaluate N fertilization in each season, with and without irrigation. Five N rates were used (0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 kg ha-1 per cutting), using urea as N source, totaling 0, 300, 600, 900 and 1200 kg ha-1 in the rainy season and 0, 100, 200, 300 and 400 kg ha-1 in the dry season. The experiments were arranged in a split-plot randomized block design. There was no significant interaction (p > 0.05) between N and time of fertilization in the irrigated experiment. However, N promoted a quadratic effect in organic matter production (OMP), accumulation of C and CO2 by marandu grass, while there was no influence of the seasons. In the non-irrigated experiment, the interaction between N rates and seasons was significant (p < 0.05) only for the rainy season. Organic matter production and C and CO2 accumulation was greater in the rainy season than in the dry season. Irrigation provided increases of approximately 20% in C and CO2 accumulation. The use of N and irrigation increases the accumulation of C and CO2 by marandu grass, and this increase is higher during the rainy season.

scholarly journals Dry matter production and chemical composition of Massai grass submitted to nitrogen rates and cutting heights

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (4Supl1) ◽  
pp. 2487
Author(s):  
Giselle Abadia Campos Pereira ◽  
Leni Rodrigues Lima ◽  
Joelson Antônio Silva ◽  
Rosemay Lais Galati ◽  
Joanis Tilemahos Zervoudakis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Block Design ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Linear Increase ◽  
Dry Matter Production ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
N Rates ◽  
Nitrogen Rates

The study was carried out in a greenhouse with a 4X4 factorial arrangement randomized block design in order to evaluate the effects of nitrogen rates (0, 50, 100 and 150 mg dm-3) associated with cutting heights (10, 15, 20 and 25 cm) on dry matter production and the chemical composition of Massai grass. The seeding was done in pots with 11 kg of soil. 10 plants were kept per pot, and there were two cuts every 35 days. Nitrogen fertilization was split between the two cuts, where the first N application occurred after the uniformity cut and the second after the first cut. In each cut the plants were separated and weighed for botanical component evaluation: leaf blade and stem + sheath. After this, the samples were homogenized and analysed for dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP) and neutral detergent fibre (NDF) content. In the first cut, the N fertilization caused a linear increase in DM production of 0.058 g pot-1 per each 1 mg dm-3 of N applied, as well as causing an increase of 0.549% in CP percentage, a 0.0124 pot-1 g increase in CP production and a reduction of 0.055% in NDF. In the second cut, N rates promoted a quadratic effect on DM production. A maximum DM production of 16.48 g pot-1 with 107.27 mg dm-3 of N was observed while CP production content was increased by 0.0092 g pot-1 for each 1 mg dm-3 N applied. In terms of linear responses to DM and PB, as well as the use efficiency calculated for Massai grass, recommended N doses range between 50 and 100 g dm-3.

scholarly journals Grazing height and nitrogen fertilization strategy in black oat/maize succession

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 2539-2554
Author(s):  
Felipe Luiz Chiamulera Deifeld ◽  
◽  
André Brugnara Soares ◽  
Daniel Schmitt ◽  
Tangriani Simioni Assmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Grazing Intensity ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Pasture Management ◽  
Pasture Production ◽  
N Application ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Grain Crop

This study was developed to examine the effect of combining nitrogen (N) fertilization strategies and pasture management heights on animal and grain production in an Integrated Crop-Livestock System. The experiment was carried out in the municipality of Abelardo Luz - SC, Brazil, between April 2017 and April 2018. A randomized-block design was adopted, with the treatments arranged in a 2×2 factorial arrangement with three replicates. The first factor was the height of the pasture managed under continuous grazing: high (HH, 20 cm) or low (LH, 12 cm). The second factor corresponded to the N application times: in the winter, in the pasture (NP), and in the summer, in the grain crop (NG), in a single N rate of 200 kg ha-1 as topdressing. The forage species used during the pasture phase was black oat (Avena strigosa Schreb), and the pasture was grazed by Nellore × Charolais crossbred steers with an initial body weight of 260 kg. The summer crop was maize (Zea mays). Average daily gain (ADG) and herbage allowance were higher in HH than in LH, whereas animal load was higher in HH. Between the N application times, the animal load was higher in NP. Pasture management height and N fertilization strategy did not affect the variables of number of rows per ear, number of grains per row, thousand-grain weight, or total grain yield, which overall averaged 14,090 kg ha-1. In conclusion, the inversion of nitrogen fertilization between the periods of winter pasture production and grain crop and the management height of the black oat pasture do not compromise the production of maize grains in the summer, or animal production per area. However, steer performance is greater (higher ADG) when the pasture is managed at 20 cm, whereas a high grazing intensity significantly reduces straw on the soil.

scholarly journals Nitrogen fertilizer use efficiency, recovery and leaching of an alexandergrass pasture

2011 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 899-906 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laércio Ricardo Sartor ◽  
Tangriani Simioni Assmann ◽  
André Brugnara Soares ◽  
Paulo Fernando Adami ◽  
Alceu Luiz Assmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Grazing Intensity ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
High Mass ◽  
Soil N ◽  
Forage Crops ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Grazing Intensities ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
N Rates

Nitrogen usually determines the productive potential of forage crops, although it is highly unstable in the environment. Studies on recovery rates and use efficiency are important for more reliable fertilizer recommendations to reduce costs and avoid environmental pollution. The purpose of this study was to evaluate N use efficiency and recovery rate of Alexandergrass pasture (Brachiaria - Syn. Urochloa plantaginea) as well as N-NO3- and N-NH4+ soil concentrations using different levels of N fertilization under two grazing intensities. The experiment was arranged in a randomized block design in a factorial scheme with three replications. Treatments consisted of three N rates (0, 200 and 400 kg ha-1 N) and two grazing intensities termed low mass (LM; forage mass of 2,000 kg ha-1 of DM) and high mass (HM; forage mass of 3,600 kg ha-1 of DM) under continuous stocking and variable stocking rates. Results of N fertilization with 200 kg ha-1 were better than with 400 kg ha-1 N. There was a significant effect of N rates on soil N-NO3-concentration with higher levels in the first layer of the soil profile in the treatment with 400 kg ha-1 N. Grazing intensity also affected soil N-NO3- concentration, by increasing the levels under the higher stocking rate (lower forage mass).

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