scholarly journals Serological diagnosis of toxoplasmosis: usefulness of IgA detection and IgG avidity determination in a patient with a persistent IgM antibody response to Toxoplasma gondii

1999 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 175-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciana C. BERTOZZI ◽  
Lisandra A. SUZUKI ◽  
Cláudio L. ROSSI
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
Significant Rise ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Toxoplasma Infection ◽  
Elisa System ◽  
Igm Antibodies ◽  
Igg Avidity ◽  
One Year

We report the detection of specific IgA antibodies and the determination of IgG avidity in sequential serum samples from a patient exhibiting significant levels of Toxoplasma-specific IgM antibodies for seven years after the onset of the clinical symptoms of toxoplasmosis. IgM antibodies were detected by an indirect immunofluorescence test and by three commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). Anti-T. gondii IgA was quantified by the <FONT FACE="Symbol">a</FONT>-capture ELISA technique using a commercial kit. As defined by the manufacturer of the IgA ELISA test used, most patients with acute toxoplasmosis have antibody levels > 40 arbitrary units per ml (AU/mL). At this cut-off level, the patient still had a positive ELISA result (45 AU/mL) in a serum sample taken one year after the beginning of clinical manifestations. The IgG avidity-ELISA test was performed with the Falcon assay screening test (F.A.S.T.®) - ELISA system. Avidity indices compatible with a recent Toxoplasma infection were found only in serum samples taken during the first 5 months after the onset of the clinical symptoms of toxoplasmosis. These results show that the interpretation of positive IgM results as indicative of recently acquired toxoplasmosis requires additional laboratory confirmation either by other tests or by the demonstration of a significant rise in the antibody titers in sequential serum samples.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the TGS TA system for the detection of anti-rubella antibodies

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Olivia Arpino ◽  
Annalisa Cianflone ◽  
Maria Teresa Manco ◽  
Alessia Paganini ◽  
Massimo De Paschale ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elisa Test ◽  
Childbearing Age ◽  
Past Infection ◽  
Recent Infection ◽  
Igm Antibodies ◽  
Igg Avidity ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Sera Samples ◽  
Group 1

<p><em>Background and aims:</em> The aim of the present study was to evaluate the new Technogenetics TGS TA system for detecting antirubella IgG and IgM antibodies and IgG avidity. TGS TA system was compared with our routinely used system, LIAISON XL, for the detection of IgG and IgM antibodies. Only in positive IgM samples (retrospective study), TGS TA system was compared to an ELFA IgM test and with an ELISA test for the IgG avidity (if existent).<br /><em>Materials and methods:</em> Two hundred and seventy six sera samples from women were examined with TGS TA system and divided in 3 groups according to IgG and IgM screening LIAISON XL tests: 112 were of childbearing age and non-immune women (Group 1), 106 were pregnant with past infection or vaccinated (Group 2) and 49 were pregnant with positive or equivocal IgM (Group 3). <br /><em>Results</em>: The overall concordance of the IgG results between LIAISON XL and TGS TA was 93.3%: 86.6% in Group 1, 97.2% in Group 2 and 100% in Group 3. The overall concordance of the IgM results between LIAISON XL and TGS TA was 89.0%: 100% in Group 1, 100% in Group 2 and 35.6% in Group 3. In Group 3, the concordance between the results of the IgG avidity with the ELISA and TGS TA tests was 85.7%. Comparing the clinical diagnosis obtained with our protocol and that of the TGS TA system, the overall concordance was 97.4%: 86.6% in Group 1, 97.2% in Group 2 and 85.7% in Group 3. <br /><em>Conclusions</em>: TGA TS system shows to be a valuable tool with overall good clinical correlation and able to clearly identify nonspecific subjects, those with a non-recent infection or those who are vaccinated. The TGS TA test also seems to be especially sensitive in indicating vaccinated subjects with low IgG levels as immune.</p>

scholarly journals Development of an Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for Immunoglobulin M Antibodies against Measles Virus

2003 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 439-442 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Roodbari ◽  
M. H. Roustai ◽  
A. Mostafaie ◽  
H. Soleimanjdahi ◽  
R. Sarrami Foroshani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Neutralizing Antibodies ◽  
Measles Virus ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Maculopapular Rash ◽  
Immunoglobulin M ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Vaccination Programs ◽  
Elisa System

ABSTRACT Measles is a highly contagious respiratory virus infection, with typical clinical symptoms including maculopapular rash, fever, cough, coryza, and conjunctivitis. Despite implementation of widespread vaccination programs throughout the world, the rates of global morbidity and mortality are still considerable. This study was performed to design a reliable indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to measure measles-specific immunoglobulin M (IgM). First, human IgM was purified, and then an anti-IgM antibody was produced in rabbits and purified in a multistep process. The rabbit IgG against human IgM was conjugated with peroxidase. Measles virus-infected Vero cells produced viral antigen. One hundred serum samples from infants of 9 to 18 months of age, mostly vaccinated, were evaluated for determining the presence of specific IgM antibodies against measles virus. The samples were also evaluated for neutralizing antibodies against measles virus by a microneutralization test (MNT). By comparing the results of the ELISA with those of MNT, it was demonstrated that ELISA had a sensitivity and specificity of 100 and 92%, respectively. On the other hand, when the results obtained by our ELISA system were compared with those of an imported measles virus IgM ELISA kit (EIAgen; Adaltis Italia SPa, Bologna, Italy), a high level of agreement was shown (k = 0.926).

Clinical and diagnostic manifestations of tickborne mixed infection in combination with COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (11) ◽  
pp. 689-694
Author(s):  
A. L. Shutikova ◽  
G. N. Leonova ◽  
A. F. Popov ◽  
M. Yu. Shchelkanov
Keyword(s):  
Lyme Disease ◽  
Erythema Migrans ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Underlying Disease ◽  
Laboratory Diagnostics ◽  
Igg Antibodies ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Igm Antibodies ◽  
Chronic Encephalitis ◽  
Tbev Strain

The coexistence of various pathogens inside the patient’s body is one of the poorly studied and current issues. The aim of the study is to identify the relationship between the indicators of complex laboratory diagnostics and the clinical manifestations of a mixed disease during subsequent infection with the SARS-CoV-2 virus using the example of a case of chronic encephalitis-borreliosis infection. Seven blood serum samples were collected from the patient over the course of a year. For the etiological verification of the causative agents of TBE, Lyme disease and COVID-19, the methods of ELISA and PCR diagnostics were used. The patient was diagnosed with Lyme disease on the basis of the detection of IgG antibodies to Borrelia 5 months after the onset of the disease, since she denied the tick bite. In the clinical picture, there was an articular syndrome and erythema migrans. Later, IgG antibodies to the TBEV were found in the blood. Throughout the study, IgM antibodies to Borrelia were not detected. The exacerbation of Lyme disease could be judged by the clinical manifestations of this disease and by the growth of specific IgG antibodies. A feature of this case was that during an exacerbation of the Lyme disease, an infection with the SARS-CoV-2 virus occurred. Treatment (umifenovir, hydroxychloroquine, azithromycin, ceftriaxone) was prescribed, which improved the condition of the underlying disease, decreased joint pain, decreased IgG levels to borrelia. However, during this period, serological markers of TBEV appear: antigen, IgM antibodies, and the titer of IgG antibodies increases. Most likely, this was facilitated by the switching of the immune system to the SARS-CoV-2 virus, with the simultaneous suppression of borrelia with antibiotics and the appointment of hydroxychloroquine, which has an immunosuppressive effect. Despite the activation of the virus, clinical manifestations of TBE were not observed in the patient, which is most likely associated with infection with a weakly virulent TBEV strain. The further course of tick-borne infections revealed the dominant influence of B. burgdorferi in relation to TBEV. Laboratory studies have shown that suppression of the activity of the borreliosis process by etiotropic treatment subsequently led to the activation of the persistent TBEV.

scholarly journals IgM and IgA Antibody Responses in 12 Cases of Human Acquired Toxoplasmosis

1997 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 327-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emília E. H. TAKAHASHI ◽  
Cláudio L. ROSSI
Keyword(s):  
Serological Test ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Igm Antibodies ◽  
Iga Antibodies ◽  
Direct Elisa ◽  
Acute Toxoplasmosis ◽  
Antibody Levels ◽  
Acquired Toxoplasmosis

The persistence, in some subjects, of specific IgM antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii for several months after the acute phase of infection has complicated the interpretation of serological test results for toxoplasmosis. Several reports have emphasized the value of the detection of Toxoplasma-specific IgA antibodies for the diagnosis of acute toxoplasmosis. In this article, we report the follow-up profiles of Toxoplasma-specific IgM and IgA antibodies in serum samples obtained from 12 patients at various intervals after the onset of the clinical manifestations of infection. IgM antibodies were detected by the indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) test, antibody capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (cELISA) and enzyme-mediated chemilluminescent technique (CmL). IgA antibodies were quantified by the direct ELISA (dELISA) and cELISA procedures. As defined by the manufacturer of the cELISA test for IgA used, most patients with acute toxoplasmosis have antibody levels > 40 arbritary units per ml (AU/ml). At values > 40 AU/ml, the cELISA for IgA detected significant antibody levels for a shorter time than the other techniques used for IgM and IgA detection. However, IgA levels <FONT FACE="Symbol">£</font> 40 AU/ml do not exclude the possibility of acute toxoplasmosis since such levels can be reached very soon after infection with T. gondii. The results obtained in the present study show that the serological diagnosis of acute toxoplasmosis may not be such an easy task. Our data suggest that use of the IgA-cELISA concomitantly with IgM antibody screening could permit, in some circumstances, a more efficient diagnosis of acute acquired toxoplasmosis

POSSIBILITY OF SEROLOGICAL VERIFICATION OF SIBERIAN TICK TYPHUS WITH THE TEST SYSTEM FOR IDENTIFICATION OF RICKETTSIA CONORII ANTIBODIES

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (9) ◽  
pp. 553-559
Author(s):  
N. V. Rudakov ◽  
S. V. Shtrek ◽  
A. I. Blokh ◽  
N. A. Penjevskaya ◽  
L. D. Shchuchinova
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Spotted Fever ◽  
Laboratory Diagnosis ◽  
Test System ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
Rickettsia Conorii ◽  
Spotted Fever Group ◽  
Igm Antibodies ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

The real epidemiological impact of Spotted Fever Group rickettsioses including Siberian tick-borne typhus (STT) in Russia is not sufficiently studied. One of the reasons is the actual absence of either certified domestic diagnostic kits or the evidence for using foreign test kits for laboratory verification of this group of tick-borne infections in medical practice. Objective of our study was to study the diagnostic accuracy of the ELISA test system based on Rickettsia conorii antigens for serological verification of STT. The ROC analysis was performed and operational characteristics (sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, likelihood ratio of positive and negative results) of the STT serological verification test to identify IgM to rickettsia at different times from the onset of the disease using a test system to detect antibodies to Rickettsia conorii were calculated based on the results of a survey of two groups of patients comparable by gender and age (34 patients with pathognomonic signs of STT and 76 clinically healthy people). It was found that the detection of IgM antibodies to rickettsia using the Rickettsia conorii IgM/IgG ELISA test system (Vircell) allows the disease to be verified 10-14 days after the onset of clinical symptoms in 72% (56-88%) of STT patients. We recommend the interpretation of results of the test system “Rickettsia conorii ELISA IgM/IgG” for serological verification of STT which differ from the manufacturer’s recommendations regarding verification of Mediterranean fever caused by R. conorii in the following way: the diagnosis of STT should be considered laboratory confirmed when the index of IgM antibodies (IAT) exceeds 8.0; if the IAT is less than 5.0 then a repeated examination of the patient after 10-14 days will be necessary; if the IAT is in the range of 5.0-8.0 then the sample should be re-examined and / or the patient should be examined after 10-14 days. The use of the test system “Rickettsia conorii ELISA IgM / IgG” is promising for laboratory diagnosis and seroepidemiological studies of Spotted Fever Group rickettsioses in Russia.

scholarly journals Serological monitoring of ornitobacteriosis in broilers in South Banat district

2014 ◽  
Vol 68 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 197-205
Author(s):  
Pavle Gavrilovic ◽  
Nikola Vaskovic ◽  
Milijan Jovanovic
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Respiratory Infections ◽  
Natural Infection ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Serological Response ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Specific Antibodies ◽  
Ornithobacterium Rhinotracheale

Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale is a relatively recently discovered bacterium and its role in the pathology of avian respiratory infections has not yet been clarified. Since there was no data relating to the prevalence of this infection in Serbia at the time of carrying out our investigations, we decided to explore the prevalence of the infection in broilers and its influence on clinical manifestations at the selected apizootiological area with developed poultry industry. A total of 430 blood samples from 26 flocks of broilers of different ages, from five municipalities were taken for examination. The serum samples were tested by ELISA for the presence of specific antibodies to the agent. Epizootiological investigation was carried out based on the results obtained with serological testing and epizootiological data, collected from the farms. The data were analyzed statistically to identify association between the infection and manifestation of clinical symptoms by Fisher?s exact test. Seropositive chickens were detected in 16 out of 26 examined broiler flocks at the age of 3 to 56 days. The percentage of seropositive samples per flock was 5-30%. The titer values of specific antibodies ranged from 946 to 6886. Serological response to O. rhinotracheale was evidenced in five flocks which had clinical symptoms in the form of respiratory tract disorders or stunting. However, specific antibodies against the agent were discovered in 11 flocks which did not show clinical symptoms. Statistical analysis revealed no association between the presence of infection and the appearance of clinical symptoms (p = 0.1213). The results are in agreement with those of other authors who investigated the prevalence of this infection and its manifestations in other countries. The present investigation determined indirectly, serologically a presence of O. rhinotracheale in the majority of examined broiler flocks (61,54%) and a small average number of individual seropositive chickens per flock - 10 % of all examined samples. Although O. rhinotracheale is wide-spread in intensive broiler production in South Banat its presence does not always lead to clinical manifestation of respiratory tract disorders. Seropositive chickens are detected in the first week of life, which indicates the presence of maternal antibodies. Presence of antibodies as the response of organism to the natural infection is detected in chickens after four weeks of age.

scholarly journals Seroprevalence and Clinical Presentation of Chikungunya Virus Infection among Febrile Outpatients Seeking Health Care in Mzuzu City, Malawi

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flywell Kawonga ◽  
Gerald Misinzo ◽  
Dylo Pemba ◽  
Leonard Mboera ◽  
Isaac Thom Shawa
Keyword(s):  
Chikungunya Virus ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Viral Disease ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Igm Antibodies

Chikungunya is a mosquito-borne viral disease caused by Chikungunya virus (CHIKV. We conducted this study determine the seroprevalence and clinical presentation of Chikungunya infection among outpatients seeking healthcare in Mzuzu City, Malawi. Blood samples were collected from malaria negative and non-septic febrile outpatients with fevers &ge;38 &deg;C, for not more than 5 days. The enzyme- linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test was used to detect anti-CHIKV IgM antibodies and its results were used to determine seroprevalence of Chikungunya. A total of 119 serum samples were tested, of these, 73 (61.3%) tested positive for anti-CHIKV IgM antibodies by ELISA. Laboratory requisition forms were used to capture demographic information such as age, sex, clinical signs and symptoms presented by the enrolled patients. Age groups of 1-9, 10- 19, 20- 29, 30- 39, 40- 49, and &ge;50 years had 17.8% (n= 13), 12.3 %,( n=9), 15.1%) (n=11), 19.2%; (n=14), 17.8% (n=13) and 17.8% (n=13) proportion of seroprevalence respectively. Most of the CHIKV infected individuals presented with fever (52.05%), joint pain (45.21%) and abdominal pain (42.67%). The presence of anti- CHIKV IgM antibodies suggest the presence of recent CHIKV infection and therefore accurate laboratory assays are highly recommended for CHIKV diagnosis and appropriate management of febrile patients.

The clinical manifestations, outcome and identification of jellyfish stings in Jaffna, Sri Lanka

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 221-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vathulan Sujanitha ◽  
Sivapalan Sivansuthan ◽  
W Venkatesh Luckshman ◽  
Rajendramani Gnaneswaran ◽  
Thangarajaha Jeyakanth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Shortness Of Breath ◽  
Moon Jellyfish ◽  
One Year ◽  
Almost All

We carried out a descriptive study over one year on 62 fishermen stung by jellyfish while fishing. Most were aged under 60 years. The timing of the sting was mostly between midnight and 4am (32%). Clinical symptoms were mainly localised pain and burning (80%), itching (67%) and shortness of breath (42%). Almost all patients received antihistamines (97%) and steroids (87%). None of them needed intensive care; they needed only 1–2 days in hospital. Jellyfish identified in fishing nets were Catostylus mosaicus, Cynea capillata and moon jellyfish.

scholarly journals SEROPREVALENCE OF SALMONELLA SPP. ON IMPORT BOARS FROM DENMARK TO SERBIA

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nenad Stojanac ◽  
Ognjen Stevančević ◽  
Božidar Savić ◽  
Ivan Stančić ◽  
Aleksandar Potkonjak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Serum ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
Time Span ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
One Year ◽  
Swine Herds

The sera from 120 boars from 3 farrow-to-finish swine herds in Serbia were examined for Salmonella spp. antibodies in a cross-sectional study using an ELISA test. A total of 120 blood serum samples from boars imported from Denmark were examined. All boars were seronegative to Salmonella during the import, while after one year Salmonella spp. seroprevalence ranging from 0% to 45% was found in 3 herds using two tests in the time span of one year. Only on one farm during the import in 2011, after a year boars were still seronegative. A year later on the same farm, in boars imported in 2012 the seroprevalence was 30%. Seroprevalence of Salmonella spp. in boars tested on all farms was 24,17%.

scholarly journals Analysis of IL-1β, CXCL8, and TNF Levels in the Crevicular Fluid of Patients With Periodontitis or Healthy Implants

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paweł Aleksandrowicz ◽  
Ewa Brzezińska-Błaszczyk ◽  
Elżbieta Kozłowska ◽  
Paulina Żelechowska ◽  
Andrea Enrico Borgonovo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gingival Crevicular Fluid ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
Cytokine Concentration ◽  
Severe Periodontitis ◽  
Appropriate Therapy ◽  
Crevicular Fluid ◽  
Therapy Intervention

Abstract Purpose: The evaluation of periodontal and peri-implant tissue condition is mainly based on clinical examination and imaging diagnostics. Some data implies that an examination of cytokine level in peri-implant sulcular fluid (PISF) might prove useful when evaluating the condition of peri-implant tissues and monitoring the development of peri-implant inflammation, including both mucositis and peri-implantitis. Thus, in this paper, it has been decided to assess the level of TNF, CXCL8, and IL-1β in PISF collected from patients with no clinical symptoms of mucositis or peri-implantitis and compare them with cytokine concentration in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) acquired from patients with healthy periodontium and those with varying severity of periodontitis. Materials and Methods: A total of 189 subjects were included in the study, and GCF/PISF samples were checked for TNF, CXCL8, and IL-1β levels using an ELISA test.Results: We documented that the IL-1β level, in PISF in patients with implants, was significantly lower than in GCF in patients with mild, moderate, or severe periodontitis. We also revealed that their CXCL8 level in PISF was considerably lower than in patients with moderate periodontitis. However, the TNF level in PISF in patients with implants was markedly higher compared to subjects with healthy periodontium or patients with mild periodontitis. Conclusion: Our observation might imply that the monitoring of TNF, CXCL8, and IL-1β levels in PISF could help with the diagnosis of mucositis/peri-implantitis before any clinical manifestations, thus allowing a quicker appropriate therapy intervention at an early stage.

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