scholarly journals Antibacterial effect (in vitro) of Moringa oleifera and Annona muricata against Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria

2010 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 129-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustavo Hitzschky Fernandes Viera ◽  
Jozeanne Alves Mourão ◽  
Ângela Maria Ângelo ◽  
Renata Albuquerque Costa ◽  
Regine Helena Silva dos Fernandes Vieira

Antibacterial effects of aqueous and ethanolic extracts of seeds of moringa (Moringa oleifera) and pods of soursop (Annona muricata) in the concentration of 1:5 and 1:10 in volumes 50, 100, 150 and 200 µL were examined against Staphylococcus aureus, Vibrio cholerae, Escherichia coli (isolated from the organism and the aquatic environment) and Salmonella Enteritidis. Antibacterial activity (inhibition halo > 13 mm) against S. aureus, V. cholerae and E. coli isolated from the whiteleg shrimp, Litopenaeus vannmaei, was detected in aqueous and ethanolic extracts of moringa. E. coli isolated from tilapiafish, Oreochromis niloticus, was sensitive to the ethanolic extract of moringa. The aqueous extracts of soursop showed an antibacterial effect against S. aureus and V. cholerae, but the antibacterial activity by the ethanol extracts of this plant was not demonstrated.

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (04) ◽  
pp. 4512
Author(s):  
Jackie K. Obey ◽  
Anthoney Swamy T* ◽  
Lasiti Timothy ◽  
Makani Rachel

The determination of the antibacterial activity (zone of inhibition) and minimum inhibitory concentration of medicinal plants a crucial step in drug development. In this study, the antibacterial activity and minimum inhibitory concentration of the ethanol extract of Myrsine africana were determined for Escherichia coli, Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Streptococcus pneumoniae. The zones of inhibition (mm±S.E) of 500mg/ml of M. africana ethanol extract were 22.00± 0.00 for E. coli,20.33 ±0.33 for B. cereus,25.00± 0.00 for S. epidermidis and 18. 17±0.17 for S. pneumoniae. The minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC) is the minimum dose required to inhibit growth a microorganism. Upon further double dilution of the 500mg/ml of M. africana extract, MIC was obtained for each organism. The MIC for E. coli, B. cereus, S. epidermidis and S. pneumoniae were 7.81mg/ml, 7.81mg/ml, 15.63mg/ml and 15.63mg/ml respectively. Crude extracts are considered active when they inhibit microorganisms with zones of inhibition of 8mm and above. Therefore, this study has shown that the ethanol extract of M. africana can control the growth of the four organisms tested.


2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 01-06
Author(s):  
Rhazi Fouzia

Study contextual: Faced with the global problem of antimicrobial resistance, and the use of traditional medicine for the research of antibacterial biomolecules. Aim: our work focused on the valorization of a medicinal plant Dittrichia viscosa which has many therapeutic and culinary virtues worldwide. Methods: To do this, a phytochemical screening of the leafy stems of the plant is carried out according to a set of physicochemical reactions, as well as an in vitro evaluation of the antibacterial activity, of the aqueous and ethanolic extracts against multi-resistant bacterial strains, by microdilution technique on microplates. An evaluation of the synergistic interaction between extracts and weakened antibiotics against pathogenic bacteria was also highlighted in this study. Results: The tests revealed the richness of Dittrichia viscosa species by tannins, flavonoids, saponosides, sterols and triterpenes. As for the antibacterial effect, the MICs range from 0.858±0.29 to 66.66 ± 0.00 mg / ml and the MBCs from 4.300 ± 1.01 to 11.610 ± 2.31 mg / ml is an interesting antibacterial activity. Regarding the combination of extracts with antibiotics tested, it revealed a synergistic action inducing an amplification of the antibacterial power of Penicillin, Imipenem and Erythromycin with a rate that reaches 471%. Conclusion: The results of this study show that the aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Dittrichia viscosa have interesting and promising antibacterial activity in the pharmaceutical, food and cosmetic industries.


2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-109
Author(s):  
V. V. Zazharskyi ◽  
P. О. Davydenko ◽  
O. М. Kulishenko ◽  
I. V. Borovik ◽  
A. M. Kabar ◽  
...  

We determined a high antibacterial effect of ethanol extracts of four species of gymnosperms (Juniperus sabina, Chamaecyparis lawsoniana, Pseudotsuga menziesii and Cephalotaxus harringtonia) against 23 strains of bacteria of families Enterobacteriaceae (Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis, Salmonella typhimurium, S. adobraco, Proteus vulgaris, P. mirabilis, Serratia marcescens, Klebsiella pneumoniae), Staphylococcaceae (Staphylococcus aureus, S. epidermidis), Yersiniaceae (Yersinia enterocolitica), Bacillaceae (Bacillus subtilis, B. cereus), Listeriaceae (Listeria ivanovi, L. іnnocua, L. monocytogenes), Corynebacteriaceae (Corynebacterium xerosis), Campylobacteraceae (Campylobacter jejuni), Nocardiaceae (Rhodococcus equi), Pseudomonadaceae (Pseudomonas аeruginosa) and one strain of fungi of the Saccharomycetaceae family (Candida albicans). The experiment in vitro revealed zone of inhibition of growth of colonies, measuring over 8 mm, produced by ethanol extracts from J. sabina against seven species of bacteria (S. aureus, B. subtilis, B. cereus, L. іnnocua, C. xerosis, Rh. equi and P. аeruginosa), Ch. lawsoniana – against five species (E. coli, B. subtilis, L. іnnocua and Rh. equi), P. menziesii –two species (Rh. equi and P. mirabilis), C. harringtonia – ten species of microorganisms (E. coli, S. aureus, S. epidermidis, L. ivanovi, L. monocytogenes, C. xerosis, C. jejuni, P. vulgaris, S. marcescens and C. albicans). As a result of the research, the most promising plants for further in vivo study of antibacterial activity were C. harringtonia and J. sabina.


2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 50-56
Author(s):  
Amina N. AlThawani ◽  
Rasha abdul-Hussein Mahood ◽  
Hazim I. Abdul-Barrey

he antibacterial effect of Lactobacillus cell-free filtrate and ethanolic extract of sage Salvia officinalis on enteropathogenic E.coli (EPEC) were investigated in vitro and in vivo. In vitro, antibacterial activity of Lactobacillus and ethanolic extract of sage were determined by using well diffusion method. The results of ethanolic extract of sage showed moderate antibacterial activity even with high concentration of extract 20mg/ml with maximum inhibition zone 18mm. while, of Lactobacillus cell-free filtrate presented high antibacterial activity against E.coli (24mm) in vivo, thirty two albino male mice(age 8-10 weeks, weight ranged 23-27 gram) were used in this experiment. The animals were divided into four equal groups, include positive and negative controls. Histological analysis of intestine, liver and kidney showed that the mice infected with EPEC induce attaching and effacing (A/E) lesions and loss of microvillus actins rootlets as well as microvillus fragmentation and no significant changes in liver and kidney tissues of mice infected with EPEC. Normal microvilli and mucosal morphology observed in mice infected and treated with Lactobacillus and ethanolic extract of sage.


Author(s):  
Ruvanthika Pn ◽  
Manikandan S

Objective: The objective of the study was to evaluate whether ethanolic extracts of Nelumbo nucifera (EENN) seedpod and quercetin (active component of NN) possess antibacterial proprieties against Gram (-) bacteria such as Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Gram (+) bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus. Methods: Antibacterial activities of EENN seedpod and quercetin were investigated using disc diffusion method, minimum inhibitory concentration against E. coli and P. aeruginosa and Gram (+) bacteria such as S. aureus. Results: The antibacterial activity of both EENN seedpod and quercetin was found to be increased in dose-dependent manner. The maximum zone of inhibition was exhibited by both EENN seedpod and quercetin against E. coli (14 mm and 15 mm) and P. aeruginosa (13 mm and 15 mm). Gram-negative bacteria were more susceptible to the EENN seedpod extract and quercetin than Gram-positive bacteria.Conclusion: The results of the present study suggested that the effect of EENN seedpod and quercetin against the tested bacteria in vitro may contribute to the in vivo activities of the EENN seedpod and quercetin.


2013 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 775-782 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Andréa Lima Cardoso ◽  
Roberta Gomes Coelho ◽  
Neli Kika Honda ◽  
Arnildo Pott ◽  
Fernando Rogério Pavan ◽  
...  

Serjania erecta Radlk.(Sapindaceae) is a medicinal plant traditionally used in Brazil. We assayed the ethanolic extract of leaves and roots against seven microorganisms. The REMA (Resazurin Microtiter Assay) assay was used to measure the biological activity in vitro against Mycobacterium tuberculosis and our results showed moderate activity of the ethanolic extract. On the other hand S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, S. setubal, C. albicans, S. cerevisiae and E. coli revealed that the leaves and roots of S. erecta inhibited the growth of all microorganisms. The ethanolic extracts of leaves and roots showed low values of antioxidant activities. The ethanolic extracts of leaves and roots were analyzed by chromatographic and spectrometric methods. (-)-Epicatechin, kaempferol aglycone and five glycoside derivates were isolated: kaempferol-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside, kaempferol-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranoside from the roots and kaempferol, kaempferol 3,7-di-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside, vitexin, isovitexin and (-)-epicatechin in the leaves. This is the first chemical study reported in the literature about this specie.


2018 ◽  
pp. 31-38

Actividad antibacteriana de extractos vegetales frente a cepas intrahospitalarias, Iquitos-Perú Antibacterial activity of plant extracts against nosocomial strains, Iquitos-Peru Ricardo E. Abadie, Ronald Medina O., Lastenia Ruiz, Alvaro Tresierra-Ayala Laboratorio de Microbiología. Centro de Investigación de Recursos Naturales de la Universidad Nacional de la Amazonía Peruana (CIRNA-UNAP). Psje. Los Paujiles S/N, San Lorenzo, distrito de San Juan Bautista, Iquitos-Perú DOI: https://doi.org/10.33017/RevECIPeru2014.0005/  Resumen La región amazónica es una de las áreas que posee la mayor biodiversidad del mundo, albergando varios miles de especies de plantas, muchas de las cuales son utilizadas por sus pobladores como plantas medicinales. Durante los últimos años, el empleo de estos recursos vegetales o de sus productos viene incrementándose de manera importante, lo cual podría deberse a una serie de factores, entre los que destacan el conocimiento de su composición química, y al hecho que en la actualidad se han realizado numerosos ensayos farmacológicos tanto in vivo como in vitro. La aparición de cepas resistentes a los antibióticos comerciales en los últimos tiempos, está creando la necesidad de buscar otras estrategias o alternativas para controlarlas, tal es el caso del uso de las plantas (medicina tradicional), debido a los principios activos que poseen. Se pretende con este trabajo, determinar probables alternativas para combatir infecciones bacterianas de aquellos agentes drogoresistentes, este problema reviste importancia crítica particular en los países en desarrollo, donde quizás no se dispone de antibióticos de segunda línea más costosos o, si los hay, su precio es inasequible. El estudio se realizó en la ciudad de Iquitos, Provincia de Maynas, Departamento de Loreto. Los ensayos microbiológicos se realizaron en el Laboratorio de Microbiología del Centro de Investigación de Recursos Naturales de la Amazonia (CIRNA) de la Universidad Nacional de la Amazonia  Peruana (UNAP). Se determinó la actividad antibacteriana de 6 extractos vegetales (Alchornea triplinervia, Annona muricata, Averrhoa carambola, Brunfelsia grandiflora, Caraipa grandifolia y Cedrela odorata) mediante la técnica de difusión en disco, y a aquellos que presentaron actividad se les determinó la Concentración Inhibitoria Mínima y la Concentración Bactericida Mínima mediante la técnica de macrodilución en caldo. Ninguno de los extractos tuvieron actividad frente a las cepas de E. coli; cuatro extractos tuvieron actividad frente a las cepas de P. aeruginosa, siendo los extractos de Cedrela odorata y Alchornea triplinervia los que tuvieron mayor actividad frente a esta bacteria, con CIM = 15.62 y 62.5 mg/ml, respectivamente; todos los extractos tuvieron actividad frente a las cepas de S. aureus, siendo los extracto de C. odorata, A. triplinervia y Caraipa grandiflora, los de mayor actividad con una CIM = 3.91 mg/ml para cada uno.  Se obtuvieron prometedores resultados de actividad antibacteriana de los extractos en estudio frente a cepas intrahospitalarias, mayormente contra S. aureus. Descriptores: Actividad antibacteriana, extractos vegetales, cepas intrahospitalarias Abstract The Amazon region is one of the areas with the largest biodiversity in the world, hosting several thousand species of plants, many of which are used by its people as medicinal plants. In recent years, the use of these plant resources or products has been increasing significantly, which could be due to a number of factors, among them the knowledge of their chemical composition, and the fact that at present there have been numerous pharmacological tests both in vivo and in vitro. The emergence of antibiotic-resistant strains in recent years, is creating a need for other strategies or ways to control them, as in the case of the use of plants (traditional medicine), because the active ingredients bearing. This work is intended to determine probable alternatives to combat bacterial infections of those agents antibiotic-resistant, this problem is particularly critical in developing countries, where perhaps there are no antibiotics or expensive second line, if any, price is unavailable. The study was conducted in Iquitos city, Province of Maynas, Department of Loreto. Microbiological tests were performed at Microbiology Laboratory of Research Center of Natural Resources of the Amazon (CIRNA) of the National University of the Peruvian Amazon (UNAP). The antibacterial activity of six plant extracts (Alchornea triplinervia, Annona muricata, Averrhoa carambola, Brunfelsia grandiflora, Caraipa grandifolia y Cedrela odorata) by the disk diffusion method was determined, and those that showed activity were determined Minimum Inhibitory Concentration and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration by macrodilution technique. None of the extracts were active against strains of E. coli; four extracts had activity against strains of P. aeruginosa, with Cedrela odorata and Alchornea triplinervia extracts which had greater activity against these bacteria, with MIC = 15.62 and 62.5 mg/ml, respectively; all extracts were active against strains of S. aureus, with the extract of C. odorata, A. triplinervia and Caraipa grandiflora, the most active with an MIC = 3.91 mg/ml for each. Was obtained Promising results of antibacterial activity of the extracts in study against nosocomial strains, mostly against S. aureus. Keywords: Antibacterial activity, plant extracts, nosocomial strains


Phyton ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 90 (3) ◽  
pp. 895-906
Author(s):  
Roberto Arredondo-Vald閟 ◽  
Francisco D. Hern醤dez-Castillo ◽  
Mario Rocandio-Rodr韌uez ◽  
Julia C. Anguiano-Cabello ◽  
Madai Rosas-Mej韆 ◽  
...  

2016 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nelson Méndez Álvarez ◽  
Alberto Angulo Ortíz ◽  
Orfa Contreras Martínez

Bacterial resistance is a growing health problem worldwide that has serious economic and social impacts, compromising public health, and the therapeutic action of current antibiotics. Therefore, the search for new compounds with antimicrobial properties is relevant in modern studies, particularly against bacteria of clinical interest. In the present study, in vitro antibacterial activity of the ethanol extract and essential oil of Curcuma longa (Zingiberaceae) was evaluated against nosocomial bacteria, using the microdilution method. Escherichia coli strains, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus sp. were used, Salmonella sp. and Bacillus sp., isolated from nosocomial infections in a hospital in the city of Monteria and reference strains of S. aureus ATCC 43300, S. aureus ATCC 29213, S. aureus ATCC 25923, P. aeruginosa ATCC 27853, E. coli ATCC 25922 and K. pneumonia ATCC 700603. The ethanol extract antibacterial profile was more efficient at higher concentrations (1 000 ppm), obtaining significant percentages of reduction of more than 50 % against K. pneumoniae ATCC 700603 and a clinical isolate of E. coli; while compared to Bacillus clinical isolate, was more active than the essential oil. For the rest of microorganisms, the reduction percentages obtained at a concentration of 1 000 ppm varied between 17 and 42 % with ethanolic extract, and 8 to 43 % with essential oil. At concentrations of 100 and 500 ppm antibacterial activity of the extracts was lower. The results indicated that the ethanolic extract and essential oil of C. longa rhizomes have active compounds with antibacterial properties that could be used in future research as a therapeutic alternative for the treatment of infections caused by nosocomial pathogens.


2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 132-137
Author(s):  
Zuraidawati Zuraidawati ◽  
Maryulia Dewi ◽  
Darmawi Darmawi ◽  
Sugito Sugito ◽  
Abdullah Hamzah ◽  
...  

           The purpose of this research was to identified the compounds in ethanol extract of soursop flower and determined the antibacterial activity of the soursop flower extract on Salmonella enteritidis. The phytochemistry screening was done to identify the secondary metabolite compounds of this extract. The concentrations used of ethanol extract of soursop flower were 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, with ampicillin 10 μg/disc as the positive control and 10% Dimethyl Sulfoxide (DMSO) as the negative control. The antibacterial activity test of soursop flower ethanol extract against Salmonella enteritidis was held in vitro using the paper disc diffusion method by measuring the diameter of the inhibition zone. The phytochemistry screening showed that the ethanol extract of soursop flower had secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, phenolic, and flavonoid. The result of the antibacterial activity test showed that there was no inhibition zone (bright zone) at various concentrations. So, it can be concluded that soursop flower ethanol extract (Annona muricata L.) contained the secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, phenolic, and flavonoid, and also this extract had no antibacterial activity against Salmonella enteritidis


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