Chemical properties of soils treated with biological sludge from gelatin industry

The impact of agro-industrial organic wastes in the environment can be reduced when used in agriculture. From the standpoint of soil fertility, residue applications can increase the organic matter content and provide nutrients for plants. This study evaluated the effect of biological sludge from gelatin industry on the chemical properties of two Ultisols (loamy sand and sandy clay) and an Oxisol (clay). The experiment lasted 120 days and was carried out in laboratory in a completely randomized design with factorial arrangement, combining the three soils and six biological sludge rates (0, 100, 200, 300, 400, and 500 m³ ha-1), with three replications. Biological sludge rates of up to 500 m³ ha-1 decreased soil acidity and increased the effective cation exchange capacity (CEC) and N, Ca, Mg, and P availability, without exceeding the tolerance limit for Na. The increase in exchangeable base content, greater than the effective CEC, indicates that the major part of cations added by the sludge remains in solution and can be lost by leaching.

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Interaction between Soil Physicochemical Parameters and Earthworm Communities in Irrigated Areas with Natural Water and Wastewaters

Applied and Environmental Soil Science ◽

10.1155/2017/5808945 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 ◽

pp. 1-16

Author(s):

Kourtel Ghanem Nadra ◽

Kribaa Mohammed ◽

El Hadef El Okki Mohammed

Keyword(s):

Natural Waters ◽

Water Saturation ◽

Organic Matter Content ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Agricultural Practices ◽

Matter Content ◽

Chemical Properties Of Soils ◽

Eastern Algeria ◽

Water Treatment Station ◽

Physical And Chemical

Our objective is to study interaction between physical and chemical properties of soils and their earthworm community characteristics in different areas irrigated by wastewaters and well waters. The fields have different topography and agricultural practices conditions and are located in two regions of Batna department (Eastern Algeria). Both regions are characterized by a semiarid climate with cold winters and Calcisol soils. Nine fields were subject of this study. Three of these fields are located in Ouled Si Slimane region whose irrigation is effectuated by natural waters of Kochbi effluent. The other six fields are located at edges of Wed El Gourzi, effluent from Batna city, and partially treated through water treatment station. The best rates of water saturation and infiltration as well as abundance of earthworms were recorded at sites characterized by irrigation with wastewaters downstream of El Gourzi effluent. PCA characterizes two major groups: a group of hydrodynamic infiltration parameters and structural index stability of soil, explained by fields irrigated with wastewaters downstream of El Gourzi effluent. This group includes chemical characteristics: pH and electric conductivity. The second group is the characteristics of earthworms and includes organic matter content, active limestone levels, and Shannon Biodiversity Index.

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Physico-chemical characteristics of the seasonally flooded soils of Bangladesh and their management implications

Dhaka University Journal of Biological Sciences ◽

10.3329/dujbs.v20i2.8978 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 20 (2) ◽

pp. 173-182

Author(s):

KF Akhter ◽

ZH Khan ◽

MS Hussain ◽

AR Mazumder

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Organic Matter Content ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Exchange Capacity ◽

Matter Content ◽

Flooded Soils ◽

Management Implications ◽

Available N ◽

Physico Chemical ◽

Seasonally Flooded

The seasonally flooded soils of Bangladesh are unique in respect of several specific characteristics and contribute toward producing bulk of its staple food - mainly rice. Having fine texture these soils are similar to the “paddy soils” of Southeast Asian floodplains and have high production potential under proper management. Six representative soil series, viz. Arial, Debidwar, Naraibag, Jalkundi, Siddirganj and Tippera from the central region of Bangladesh have been studied to evaluate some of their intrinsic physico-chemical properties and their sustainable management requirements. These soils are slightly acidic to neutral and are negatively charged with ΔpH values ranging between –0.2 and –1.2. The organic matter content in the surface soil is relatively low that decreases steadily with depth. The cation exchange capacity (CEC) of the soils varies on the basis of their clay and organic matter contents while base saturation per cent (BSP) is high. The contents of available N, P, K and S and DTPA-extractable Fe, Mn, Cu and Zn in soils are moderate and are commensurate with the contents of colloidal fractions. These soils receive several mineral nutrients annually with the sediments deposited during the monsoon floods. The characteristics like organic matter content, particle size distribution, CEC, pH and BSP that have important management implications have been discussed. Key words: Seasonally flooded soils; Physical and chemical attributes; Management implications DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/dujbs.v20i2.8978 DUJBS 2011; 20(2): 173-182

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Effect of Tillage and Cover Crop on Fluometuron Adsorption and Degradation under Controlled Conditions

Weed Science ◽

10.1017/s0043174500077067 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 42 (4) ◽

pp. 629-634 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Blake A. Brown ◽

Robert M. Hayes ◽

Donald D. Tyler ◽

Thomas C. Mueller

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Soil Organic Matter ◽

Soil Ph ◽

Cover Crop ◽

Soil Depth ◽

Organic Matter Content ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Exchange Capacity ◽

Matter Content ◽

No Till

Fluometuron adsorption and degradation were determined in soil collected at three depths from no-till + no cover, conventional-till + no cover, no-till + vetch cover, and conventional-till + vetch cover in continuous cotton. These combinations of tillage + cover crop + soil depth imparted a range of organic matter and pH to the soil. Soil organic matter and pH ranged from 0.9 to 2.5% and from 4.7 to 6.5, respectively. Fluometuron adsorption was affected by soil depth, tillage, and cover crop. In surface soils (0 to 4 cm), fluometuron adsorption was greater in no-till + vetch plots than in conventional-tilled + no cover plots. Soil adsorption of fluometuron was positively correlated with organic matter content and cation exchange capacity. Fluometuron degradation was not affected by adsorption, and degradation empirically fit a first-order model. Soil organic matter content had no apparent effect on fluometuron degradation rate. Fluometuron degradation was more rapid at soil pH > 6 than at pH ≤ 5, indicating a potential shift in microbial activity or population due to lower soil pH. Fluometuron half-life ranged from 49 to 90 d. These data indicate that tillage and cover crop may affect soil dissipation of fluometuron by altering soil physical and chemical properties that affect fluometuron degrading microorganisms or bioavailability.

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The Impact of Potassium Sources and Bio Fertilizer on Corn Plant and Potassium Availability in Calcareous Soil

Asian Soil Research Journal ◽

10.9734/asrj/2021/v5i130099 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 27-37

Author(s):

Basma R. A. Rashwan ◽

Alaa Eldeen A. Shaheen

Keyword(s):

Calcareous Soil ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Growth Parameters ◽

Organic Matter Content ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Growth Yield ◽

Matter Content ◽

Bacillus Circulans ◽

Available N ◽

The Impact

Two field experiments were conducted in a calcareous soil during summer seasons of 2019 and 2020 at the experimental in a private farm Mallawi, El- Minia Governorate, Egypt to evaluate application of K fertilization at different rates of K2SO4 and non-classic products, i.e. K feldspar, mixture with or without inoculation with the K dissolving bacteria (Bacillus circulans.) soil chemical properties, plant growth, yield and nutritional value of corn (Zea-maize hybrid third 310). Our results proved that inoculation of maize seeds with Bacillus circulans at rate of 36% K2O improved soil pH, EC, soil organic matter content and enhanced the soil available N, P and K concentrations. Also, the growth parameters, yield and nutritional status of the plants were significantly increased by using non-traditional potassium fertilizers particularly in the case of seed inoculated with potassium dissolving bacteria (Bacillus circulans).

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Impacto de la agricultura y ganadería sobre el bosque tropical seco de Zirándaro, Guerrero: una evaluación con indicadores ecológicos

Botanical Sciences ◽

10.17129/botsci.2043 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 97 (2) ◽

pp. 148 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Agustín Fuentes-Hernández ◽

Marleth Mendoza-Orozco ◽

Leticia Ríos-Casanova ◽

Alfonso Soler-Aburto ◽

Daniel Muñoz-Iniestra ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ecological Impact ◽

Tropical Dry Forest ◽

Organic Matter Content ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Canopy Cover ◽

Plant Species Richness ◽

Ecological Indicators ◽

Matter Content ◽

Dry Forest ◽

The Impact

Background: Agriculture and cattle raising modify the structure and functioning of tropical dry forest. The impact of these activities has been evaluated in regions of Jalisco and Yucatán, where slash-and-burn agriculture and extensive cattle raising are the main types of management. However, there are other regions such as Guerrero, where agriculture is combined with cattle raising. Yet, its impact on the forest has not been evaluated so far.Question: What is the impact of agriculture/cattle raising and cattle raising on the tropical dry forest in Zirándaro, Guerrero?Study sites and dates: The study was performed in Zirándaro, Guerrero, in December 2014 and June 2015.Methods: We selected 9 sites with agriculture/cattle raising, cattle raising, and forest to sample vegetation and soil, and to calculate 10 ecological indicators. We also collected 9 soil samples to evaluate their physical and chemical properties.Results: The soil of agriculture/cattle raising and cattle raising had higher bulk density, but lower porosity and organic matter content than the forest soil. The agriculture/cattle raising and cattle raising had low plant species richness and canopy cover. The agriculture/cattle raising had lower vegetation structure and higher proportion of basal gaps than cattle raising. These differences suggest that agriculture/cattle raising had a higher impact on forest than cattle raising. Yet, we did not find significant differences in most of the ecological indicators.Conclusions: The agriculture/cattle raising and cattle raising have a relatively similar ecological impact on the tropical dry forest of Zirándaro, Guerrero.

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L’EFFET DE L’INCORPORATION DE MATIERES LIGNEUSES SUR L’EVOLUTION DES PROPRIETES CHIMIQUES DU SOL ET SUR LA CROISSANCE DES PLANTES

Canadian Journal of Soil Science ◽

10.4141/cjss86-062 ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 66 (4) ◽

pp. 623-631 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

ADRIEN NDAYEGAMIYE ◽

ARMAND DUBÉ

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Soil Analysis ◽

Organic Matter Content ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Exchange Capacity ◽

Matter Content ◽

Nitrogen Immobilization ◽

Pig Manure ◽

Soil Productivity ◽

Capacity Change

Bark and pig manure were incorporated in soil every 2 yr from 1982 to study their effects on cereal and forage yields and on soil chemical properties. Bark incorporation induced an intense nitrogen immobilization in soil. Consequently yields and nitrogen uptakes by plants were very low in 1982 on bark treatments, but significantly higher in the following years (1983–1985), more especially when bark and pig manure were applied together. Nitrogen immobilization was less intense at the second bark application. Plants may therefore absorb the remineralized soil nitrogen from the early fixed nitrogen during the initial bark decomposition. Soil analysis showed an increase of C:N ratios mainly in bark-amended soils. These C:N ratios ranged from 19 to 21 for control and bark treatments, respectively. In the course of 4 yr, the organic matter content on the < 2 mm fraction increased very slowly, although significantly at P = 0.05 where bark and pig manure were applied together. However, no cation exchange capacity change in soil has yet been observed. In the short term, bark alone decomposed very slowly in soil, and nitrogen immobilization effects still persist. Pig manure applied with bark increased its decomposition and humification, characterized by low optical ratios (E4:E6) of 5.4 to 5.0 compared to control and bark treatments with E4:E6 > 6. Bark application to soil, together with pig manure as nitrogen source, may improve long-term soil productivity. Key words: Bark, organic matter, decomposition, humification, immobilization, CEC

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Leaching of Sulfentrazone in Soils from the Sugarcane Region in the Northeast Region of Brazil

Planta Daninha ◽

10.1590/s0100-83582016340100017 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 34 (1) ◽

pp. 161-169 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

D.F. BRAGA ◽

F.C.L. FREITAS ◽

P.R.R. ROCHA ◽

A.G.D. ARAÚJO ◽

V.C. MELO

Keyword(s):

High Performance ◽

Organic Matter Content ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Soil Surface ◽

Matter Content ◽

Indicator Plant ◽

Northeast Region ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Red Latosol ◽

Physical And Chemical

Sulfentrazone leaching potential is dependent on soil properties such as strength and type of clay, organic matter content and pH, and may result in ineffectiveness of the product and contamination of groundwater. The objective of this study was to evaluate sulfentrazone leaching in five soils of the sugarcane region in the Northeast Region of Brazil, with different physical and chemical properties, by means of bioassay and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) resolution. The experiment was conducted in a split plot in a completely randomized design. The plots had PVC columns with a 10 cm diameter and being 50 cm deep, filled with five different soil classes (quartzarenic neosol, haplic cambisol, yellowish-red latosol, yellowish-red acrisol, and haplic gleysol), and subplots for 10 depths in columns, 5 cm intervals. On top of the columns, sulfentrazone application was conducted and 12 hours later there was a simulated rainfall of 60 mm. After 72 hours, the columns were horizontally placed and longitudinally open, divided into sections of 5.0 cm. In the center of each section of the columns, soil samples were collected for chromatographic analyses and sorghum sowing was carried out as an indicator plant. The bioassay method was more sensitive to detect the presence of sulfentrazone in an assessment for chromatography soil, having provided greater herbicide mobility in quartzarenic neosol and yellowish-red latosol, whose presence was detected by the indicator plant to a depth of 45 and 35 cm, respectively. In the other soils, sulfentrazone was detected up to 20 cm deep. The intense mobility of sulfentrazone in quartzarenic neosol may result in herbicide efficiency loss in the soil because the symptoms of intoxication and the amount of herbicide detected via silica were highest between 15 cm and 35 cm depth regarding the soil surface layer (0-10 cm), indicating that sulfentrazone should be avoided in soils with such characteristics.

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Improvement of the chemical properties and buffering capacity of coastal sandy soil as affected by clays and organic by-product application

Soil and Water Research ◽

10.17221/55/2019-swr ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (No. 2) ◽

pp. 93-100 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Fibrianty Minhal ◽

Azwar Ma'as ◽

Eko Hanudin ◽

Putu Sudira

Keyword(s):

Sandy Soil ◽

Soil Type ◽

Organic Matter Content ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Nutrient Retention ◽

Exchange Capacity ◽

Matter Content ◽

Buffering Capacity ◽

Organic Polymer ◽

Natural Polymers

The main problem with coastal sandy soil is its low water and nutrient retention due to its low clay and organic matter content. This study was aimed at improving the chemical properties and buffering capacity of these soils by using ameliorants of clay and organic polymers. The leaching experiment was conducted with two factors and three replications. The first factor was a clay ameliorant (5% clay, whether from the soil type Inceptisol (I) and the soil type Vertisol (V)). The second factor was a natural or synthetic organic polymer (tapioca 1% and 2% (T1 and T2), tapioca dregs 1% and 2% (TD1 and TD2), polyvinyl alcohol 0.1% and 0.2% (P1 and P2)). The leaching was carried out at 1-month intervals and the leachate was collected for the analysis of the soluble Ca, Mg, K and Na. The leaching was stopped after all the treatments reached the electrical conductivity values < 100 μS/cm. The ameliorants of clay (I or V) and natural polymer (T or TD) significantly increased the cation exchange capacity, the available cations, and the buffering capacity of the coastal sandy soil. The single treatment of I was better than V in increasing the available Mg, while the combination with organic natural polymers could increase the available Ca and K. The treatment of ITD2 was able to increase the soil buffering and maintain the soluble Ca, Mg and K in the coastal sandy soil. Therefore, TD which is a by-product of the tapioca flour industry when combined with I has the potential to be a prospective ameliorant for coastal sandy soils.

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EFFECT OF USING IRRIGATION WATER IN DEFFIRENT QUALITIES AND BIO-FERTILIZER IN SOME CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF CALCAREOUS SOIL

IRAQI JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES ◽

10.36103/ijas.v48i1.434 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 48 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Salman & Al-Joubory

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Irrigation Water ◽

Organic Matter Content ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Exchange Capacity ◽

Matter Content ◽

Water Salinity ◽

Irrigation Water Salinity ◽

Loam Soil ◽

Mixed Water

A pots experiment was conducted at the canopy wood of Agriculture - University of Baghdad (Abu-Ghraib) during summer season of 2014 to study the effect of irrigation water quality and biofertilizer and their interactions on some soil chemical properties and growth of corn. Treatments included three water qualities river water (1.5 ds.m-1 ''Q1''), well water (4.4 ds.m-1 ''Q3'') and mixed water (3.0 ds.m-1 ''Q2'') and two levels of biofertilizer (without inoculation ''B0'' and inoculation with Azotobacter chroococcum, Bacillus megaterium and Pseudomonas fluorescens ''B1'') applied to clay loam soil, using complete randomization design (CRD) in three replicates. The results of study Soil EC values increased with increasing water salinity giving 5.18, 6.03 and 6.70 ds.m-1 for Q1, Q2 and Q3, respectively. And significantly increased exchange capacity of the cation ions CEC reached 22.20, 23.01 and 24.31 c mole c kg-1 soil for Q1, Q2 and Q3, respectively. Irrigation water salinity also led to a significant increase in soil organic matter content reached 11.06, 12.55 and 13.90 gm.kg-1 soil for Q1, Q2 and Q3, respectively. Biofertilization led to decrease in rates a significant values electrical conductivity (EC) increase exchange capacity of the cation ions CEC and organic matter soil.

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Assessment of the impact of soil heating on soil cations using the degree-hours method .

Spanish Journal of Soil Science ◽

10.3232/sjss.2012.v2.n3.04 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2 ◽

Author(s):

Javier Cancelo-González ◽

Nieves Barros ◽

María Ermitas Rial-Rivas ◽

Francisco Díaz-Fierros

Keyword(s):

Forest Fires ◽

Fire Severity ◽

Organic Matter Content ◽

Exchange Capacity ◽

Matter Content ◽

Maximum Temperature ◽

Thermal Treatments ◽

Degree Of Confidence ◽

High Degree ◽

The Impact

Important factors in the evaluation of fire severity are the duration of the soil exposition to a certain temperature as well as the factors that determine the thermal transmissivity on the soil (moisture, texture, organic matter content, etc.). The aim of this work was to apply the degree-hours method (DH) to characterize the thermal impact of forest fires in soils. Thermal treatments in the laboratory were conducted using soil samples in order to study the effects in the soil exchange complex. The results showed the effect of the supplied degree-hour (DH) on the cation exchange capacity (CEC), which was expressed by a continuous exponential decrease in the CEC. This function may better explain the process of the decreasing of CEC than only the maximum temperature values. The sum of cations extracted in relation to the thermal treatment gradually increased with temperature or DH, and tended to stabilize at high values. The concentration of the different cations extracted increased gradually with the intensity of heating, and when related to the DH appeared to fit an equation of the type y=a+bxc with a high degree of confidence. Analyses of the results show that the measurement of the heat supplied to the soil is a useful parameter with which to interpret pedologic changes, especially when those changes happen continuously over time.

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