In vitro antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of a crude extract and fractions from Buddleja thyrsoides Lam. Leaves

ABSTRACTAspilia africana (Compositae) is one of such plants considered of great importance in pharmacopeia of traditional medicine. Its leaf is widely used in ethnomedicinal practices in tropical Africa because of its ability to stop bleeding and promote rapid healing of wounds. This study was carried out on the leaf part to determine its antimicrobial and antioxidant potentials of its leaf methanol extract. The methanolic extract of the leaf was subjected to preliminary phytochemical screening and it indicated the presence of saponins, tannin, resin, phlobatannins, and phenols. The in-vitro antibacterial test of the methanol crude extract using agar well diffusion method showed broad-spectrum activity with minimum bactericidal concentration of 30, 75 mg/mL for Klebsiella pneumonia, and Bacillus subtilis respectively. In-vitro antioxidant activities using 2, 2–diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl assay indicate that the methanol leaves extract had higher activity than of 92.23 µg/mL compared to standard drugs (Ascorbic acid 1.07mg/mL) and IC50 at 4.66. This study concluded that Aspilia africana methanol crude extract exhibits dosage-dependent antioxidant potential and could be further explored if it’s are in pure form.

Download Full-text

Phytopharmacological Evaluation of Alcoholic Extract of Berberis aristata Leaf in the Treatment of Gastric Ulcer

International Journal of PharmTech Research ◽

10.20902/ijptr.2019.130101 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 1-5

Author(s):

Ratnaker Singh ◽

Y. Trilochana

Keyword(s):

Acute Toxicity ◽

Crude Extract ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Ethanolic Extract ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Antiulcer Activity ◽

Alcoholic Extract ◽

Dose Dependent

For over a century, peptic ulcer has been one of the most common gastrointestinal tract (GIT) disorder. There are number of drugs are now available for treatment. Drugs of herbal origin reduce the offensive factors and have proved to be safe, clinically effective, relatively less expensive, globally competitive, and with better patient tolerance.This study was performed to assess the anti-ulcer activity on different parts of B.aristata. Apart from that, acute toxicity, qualitative chemical analysis, total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content(TFC) and in vitro antioxidant activities were evaluated. The potentially active plant part was selected for screening as gastro protective, in vivo antioxidant and antisecretory activities in ulcerated rats.The 50% ethanolic extract of B. aristata were subjected to preliminary phytochemical screening, estimation of TFC and TPC. The crude extract from the leaves of B. aristata gave best antiulcer activity among flower and stem. In acute toxicity studies, the administration of the crude extract of B. aristata leaves did not reveal any adverse effects or toxicity in rats at fourteen days observations.The results of these studies have shown that ethylexract of B.aristata leaf (EEBAL) produced a significant dose dependent ulcerprotective, antioxidant and antisecretory activity by blocking the activity of proton pump, protecting from antioxidants produced during stress induced ulcer and by enhancing glycoprotein levels.

Download Full-text

Evaluation of Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activities, Cytotoxicity of Acacia seyal Del Bark Extracts and Isolated Compounds

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules25102392 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 25 (10) ◽

pp. 2392 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Abdirahman Elmi ◽

Rosella Spina ◽

Arnaud Risler ◽

Stéphanie Philippot ◽

Ali Mérito ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Crude Extract ◽

Methanolic Extract ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Water Extract ◽

Frap Assay ◽

Antioxidant Power ◽

Dpph Method ◽

Acacia Seyal

Water extract of Acacia seyal bark is used traditionally by the population in Djibouti for its anti-infectious activity. The evaluation of in vitro antibacterial, antioxidant activities and cytotoxicity as well as chemical characterization of Acacia seyal bark water and methanolic extracts were presented. The water extract has a toxicity against the MRC-5 cells at 256 μg/mL while the methanolic extract has a weak toxicity at the same concentration. The methanolic extract has a strong antioxidant activity with half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 150 ± 2.2 μg/mL using 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and IC50 of 27 ± 1.3 μg/mL using 2,2′-azino-bis 3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS) radical methods. For ferric reducing/antioxidant power (FRAP) assay, the result is 45.74 ± 5.96 μg Vitamin C Equivalent (VCE)/g of dry weight (DW). The precipitation of tannins from methanol crude extract decreases the MIC from 64 µg/mL to 32 µg/mL against Staphylococcus aureus and Corynebacterium urealyticum. However, the antioxidant activity is higher before tannins precipitation than after (IC50 = 150 µg/mL for methanolic crude extract and 250 µg/mL after tannins precipitation determined by DPPH method). By matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) analysis, the results showed that the condensed tannins consist of two types of catechin and gallocatechin-based oligomers. The fractionation led to the identification of three pure compounds: two flavanols catechin and epicatechin; one triterpene as lupeol; and a mixture of three steroids and one fatty acid: campesterol, stigmasterol, clionasterol, and oleamide.

Download Full-text

Evaluation of antimalarial and antioxidant activities of the methanol seed extract of Adenanthera pavonina (Linn) in Plasmodium berghei infected mice

Asian Journal of Medical Sciences ◽

10.3126/ajms.v5i4.9107 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 5 (4) ◽

pp. 44-51 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Aduragbenro Deborah Adedapo ◽

Juliet N Olayinka ◽

Oyindamola O. Abiodun ◽

Ademola A Oyagbemi ◽

Odunayo Azeez ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Crude Extract ◽

Plasmodium Berghei ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Antimalarial Activity ◽

Seed Extract ◽

Control Group ◽

Untreated Control Group ◽

Adenanthera Pavonina

Objectives: Malaria and oxidative stress are major health problems in the world in general. The goal of the study is to investigate the antimalarial and antioxidant activities of the methanol seed extract of Adenanthera pavonina linn (ADP) in Plasmodium berghei infected mice. Methods: Thirty five mice distributed into seven groups of five animals each were used in this study. Plasmodium berghei, was inoculated into Swiss albino mice intraperitoneally with an innoculum size of 1x107 on day zero (D0). The vehicle (1% DMSO), ADP (100, 200, 400, 600 and 800 mg/kg dose) or chloroquine (10 mg/kg) were thereafter administered from D0 – D3. At the end of the antimalarial studies, the blood samples from these animals were collected through cardiac puncture for biochemical assay. The effect of the ADP on the biomakers of oxidative stress was determined in infected mice. In addition in vitro antioxidant activities of ADP were assessed using the 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) based assay. Results: The percentage parasitemia decreased significantly in the parasitized treated group with the crude extract (p < 0.001) compared to the parasitized untreated control group. Also the crude extract, at a dose of 800 mg/kg exerted an antimalarial activity (92.11%) higher than that of chloroquine (88.73%). In the in vitro antioxidant studies, the extract had an IC50> 400 μg/ml which was significantly higher than the standard antioxidant drug, ascorbic acid (IC50 = 1.20 μg/ml). In the case of biochemical and in vivo assay, there was no statistical significant difference (p >0.05) in plasma total protein, malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) levels in all the treated groups compared to the parasite control group but, there was a statistical significant decrease (p < 0.05) in glutathione (GSH) levels at doses of 400 and 800 mg/kg compared to the parasitized untreated control group. Conclusions: Methanol seed extract of Adenanthera pavonina demonstrated a significant antimalarial activity but did not exert any antioxidant effect over the parasitized treated mice. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v5i4.9107 Asian Journal of Medical Sciences 2014 Vol.5(4); 44-51

Download Full-text

In Vitro Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of Ephedra gerardiana (Root and Stem) Crude Extract and Fractions

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1155/2017/4040254 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Aman Khan ◽

Gul Jan ◽

Afsar Khan ◽

Farzana Gul Jan ◽

Ali Bahadur ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Crude Extract ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Radical Scavenging ◽

Antibacterial Activities ◽

Antimicrobial Activities ◽

Aqueous Fraction ◽

Oxidative Stresses ◽

Crude Extracts ◽

Stem Extract

The utilization of medicinal plants to treat infectious disease is a common practice in developing countries worldwide. The present study was aimed at evaluating the crude extracts of Ephedra gerardiana (root and stem) with different chemicals for antioxidant and antimicrobial (fungal and bacterial) potential. The results revealed that the ethyl acetate fractions of E. gerardiana (root and stem) have significant free radical scavenging potential with values 2.96±0.39 and 2.73±0.84 while n-butanol and aqueous fractions showed IC502.69±0.26 and 3.44±0.69 µg/ml in stem. Furthermore, crude extract and fractions also revealed promising antibacterial activities against all tested microbial strains while aqueous fraction showed no activities against Bacillus subtilis, Kleibsiella pneumoniae, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Interestingly, all crude extracts and fractions were nonactive against fungal strain, Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus flavus, as compare to control. In summary, the Ephedra gerardiana (root and stem) extract and fraction possess antioxidant activities, which might be helpful in preventing or slowing the progress of various oxidative stresses, suggested to be a strong pharmaceutical agent.

Download Full-text

In Vitro α-Amylase and α-Glucosidase Inhibitory and Antioxidant Activities of the Crude Extract and Solvent Fractions of Hagenia abyssinica Leaves

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2021/6652777 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Zemene Demelash Kifle ◽

Simachew Gidey Debeb ◽

Yaschilal Muche Belayneh

Keyword(s):

Ethyl Acetate ◽

Crude Extract ◽

Antioxidant Activities ◽

Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽

Maximum Activity ◽

Chloroform Fraction ◽

Aqueous Fraction ◽

Water Fraction ◽

Hagenia Abyssinica

Background. The leaves of Hagenia abyssinica have been used in the management of diabetes mellitus in Ethiopian folk medicine. Thus, this study is aimed at investigating the in vitro α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory and antioxidant activities of the crude extract and solvent fractions of H. abyssinica leaves. Methods. The in vitro α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory and antioxidant activities of the plant extract were assessed using 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid (DNSA), p-nitro-phenyl-a-D glucopyranoside (p-NPG), and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assays, respectively. Each value of percent inhibition of α-amylase, α-glucosidase, and DPPH scavenging effect was presented as means ± SEM ( n = 3 ). Results. The α-amylase inhibitory activity of the crude extract and solvent fractions was found to be concentration-dependent. The strongest activity was exhibited by the crude extract at the highest concentration with a percentage inhibition of 74.52% (IC50, 14.52 μg/ml) followed by water fraction 68.24% (IC50, 16.31 μg/ml), ethyl acetate fraction 61.57% (IC50, 18.73 μg/ml), and chloroform fraction 56.87% (IC50, 21.57 μg/ml) of H. abyssinica leaves. In the α-glucosidase inhibition assay, the maximum activity was exhibited by the aqueous fraction 62.54% (IC50, 11.67 μg/ml) followed by ethyl acetate fraction 54.97% (IC50, 15.89 μg/ml), crude extract 46.79% (IC50, >16.5 μg/ml), and chloroform fraction 36.44% (IC50, >16.5 μg/ml). In the antioxidant assay, the crude extract exhibited the highest antioxidant activity 86.36% (IC50, 10.25 μg/ml) followed by water fraction 78.59% (IC50, 13.86 μg/ml), ethyl acetate fraction 71.58% (IC50, 16.34 μg/ml), and chloroform fraction 63.65% (IC50, 18.83 μg/ml). Conclusion. This study has revealed that H. abyssinica leaves possess noticeable in vitro α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory and antioxidant activities.

Download Full-text