scholarly journals Systemic acanthamoebiasis associated with canine distemper in dogs in the semiarid region of Paraíba, Brazil

2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 160-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria T.S. Frade ◽  
Luiza F. de Melo ◽  
Clarice R.M. Pessoa ◽  
Jeann L. de Araújo ◽  
Rafael A. Fighera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Parietal Cortex ◽  
Systemic Disease ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Semiarid Region ◽  
Canine Distemper ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Gross Lesions ◽  
Microscopic Findings

Infections by free-living amoebae can cause systemic disease in animals and humans. We describe the epidemiological, clinical and pathological aspects of disseminated acanthamoebiasis associated with canine distemper in three dogs of the semiarid region of Paraíba, Northeastern Brazil. Affected dogs developed progressive neurological and respiratory signs that progressed to death within in two to 20 days. Gross lesions were irregular and with yellow-reddish nodules randomly distributed in the lungs, heart, kidneys, spleen, lymph nodes, adrenals, and intestine. One dog had foci of malacia in the parietal cortex and another one in nucleus of brain basis. Histologically, pyogranulomas with areas of necrosis and hemorrhage in all organs affected were observed, associated with myriads of intralesional amoebic trophozoites. All three cases were concomitant canine distemper, that possibly triggered immunosuppression in the dogs. The diagnosis was performed through microscopic findings of infection by free-living amoebae and confirmed Acanthamoeba sp. by immunohistochemistry

scholarly journals Calibration of the maximum carboxylation velocity (Vcmax) using data mining techniques and ecophysiological data from the Brazilian semiarid region, for use in Dynamic Global Vegetation Models

2016 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 341-351
Author(s):  
L. F. C. Rezende ◽  
B. C. Arenque-Musa ◽  
M. S. B. Moura ◽  
S. T. Aidar ◽  
C. Von Randow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Mining ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Classification And Regression Tree ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Semiarid Region ◽  
Global Changes ◽  
Data Mining Techniques ◽  
Dynamic Global Vegetation Models ◽  
Vegetation Models ◽  
Global Vegetation

Abstract The semiarid region of northeastern Brazil, the Caatinga, is extremely important due to its biodiversity and endemism. Measurements of plant physiology are crucial to the calibration of Dynamic Global Vegetation Models (DGVMs) that are currently used to simulate the responses of vegetation in face of global changes. In a field work realized in an area of preserved Caatinga forest located in Petrolina, Pernambuco, measurements of carbon assimilation (in response to light and CO2) were performed on 11 individuals of Poincianella microphylla, a native species that is abundant in this region. These data were used to calibrate the maximum carboxylation velocity (Vcmax) used in the INLAND model. The calibration techniques used were Multiple Linear Regression (MLR), and data mining techniques as the Classification And Regression Tree (CART) and K-MEANS. The results were compared to the UNCALIBRATED model. It was found that simulated Gross Primary Productivity (GPP) reached 72% of observed GPP when using the calibrated Vcmax values, whereas the UNCALIBRATED approach accounted for 42% of observed GPP. Thus, this work shows the benefits of calibrating DGVMs using field ecophysiological measurements, especially in areas where field data is scarce or non-existent, such as in the Caatinga.

scholarly journals Phytoplankton responses to an extreme drought season: A case study at two reservoirs from a semiarid region, Northeastern Brazil

2019 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Y. B. Oliveira ◽  
Cicero D. L. Oliveira ◽  
Ayanne J. G. Almeida ◽  
Alfredo O. Gálvez ◽  
Danielli M. Dantas
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Phytoplankton Biomass ◽  
Inorganic Nitrogen ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Soluble Reactive Phosphorus ◽  
Extreme Drought ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Semiarid Region ◽  
Drought Period ◽  
Reactive Phosphorus

The temporal phytoplankton biomass variation at two Neotropical reservoirs during an extreme drought season were analyzed. Here we sought to evaluate the main abiotic factors involved in dynamics of phytoplankton during this drought period. The main difference between the reservoirs was the intensive fish and shrimp farming in one of the reservoirs. For quantitative analysis, sampling with bottles were carried out at an average depth of 0.5m. Water temperature, pH and electrical conductivity parameters were measured in situ and water samples were collected for dissolved inorganic nitrogen and soluble reactive phosphorus analyses. Aquaculture was probably one among the causes for the reservoirs were so different in the physical and chemical variables, as shown by the principal components analysis. The results showed specific groups dominance in both reservoirs. In the Cachoeira II reservoir, an invasive dinoflagellate, Ceratium furcoides, was present in all analyzed months, while, in the Saco I reservoir, cyanobacteria group represented more than 50% of phytoplankton biomass, mainly Microcystis aeruginosa and Dolichospermum sp. In two reservoirs precipitation, soluble reactive phosphorus and electrical conductivity were positively related with phytoplankton. Phytoplankton biomass was considerably larger in the Cachoeira II reservoir, due to the greater size and biovolume of the dominant dinoflagellate. These findings suggest that species dominance in extreme drought events may be favored.

scholarly journals Constrictotermes cyphergaster (Blattaria, Termitidae) termite nests as substrates for lichen fixation in the semiarid region of northeastern Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
pp. 685-687
Author(s):  
A. M. Barbosa-Silva ◽  
L. A. Santos ◽  
M. E. S. Cáceres ◽  
A. Vasconcellos
Keyword(s):  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Semiarid Region

Sarcoidosis

2019 ◽  
pp. 233-235
Author(s):  
Kevin B. Hoover
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Metastatic Disease ◽  
Musculoskeletal System ◽  
Systemic Disease ◽  
Primary Treatment ◽  
Tissue Sampling ◽  
Systemic Corticosteroids ◽  
Organ Systems ◽  
Radiographic Changes

Chapter 50 discusses sarcoidosis, which is a systemic disease that often involves the musculoskeletal system. The radiographic changes seen in sarcoid of the phalanges are characteristic, however, involvement of bone and other tissues may be occult or nonspecific. Tissue sampling is often required for diagnosis, especially when sarcoid resembles metastatic disease. The organ systems most commonly involved in sarcoid are the lungs, lymph nodes, skin and eyes. Radiographs are the standard first study used to evaluate symptomatic hand or foot involvement. Uncommon, palpable soft tissue lesions are best evaluated by MRI. Systemic corticosteroids are the primary treatment of active sarcoidosis.

Analysis of the environmental thermal comfort conditions in public squares in the semiarid region of northeastern Brazil

2019 ◽  
Vol 152 ◽  
pp. 145-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nely Alexandre Marçal ◽  
Richarde Marques da Silva ◽  
Celso Augusto Guimarães Santos ◽  
Joel Silva dos Santos
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Semiarid Region

High frequency of seropositive and carriers of Leptospira spp. in pigs in the semiarid region of northeastern Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 2055-2061
Author(s):  
Juciê Jales Fernandes ◽  
João Pessoa Araújo Júnior ◽  
Camila Dantas Malossi ◽  
Leila Sabrina Ullmann ◽  
Diego Figueiredo da Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Semiarid Region ◽  
Leptospira Spp

scholarly journals CANINE DISTEMPER VIRUS–ASSOCIATED ENCEPHALITIS IN FREE-LIVING LYNX (LYNX CANADENSIS) AND BOBCATS (LYNX RUFUS) OF EASTERN CANADA

2009 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 611-624 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre-Yves Daoust ◽  
Scott R. McBurney ◽  
Dale L. Godson ◽  
Marco W. G. van de Bildt ◽  
Albert D. M. E. Osterhaus
Keyword(s):  
Canine Distemper Virus ◽  
Lynx Rufus ◽  
Lynx Lynx ◽  
Lynx Canadensis ◽  
Canine Distemper ◽  
Eastern Canada ◽  
Free Living

scholarly journals Epidemiological characterization and risk factors associated with leptospirosis and brucellosis in small ruminants sold at animal fair in the Sertão Region of Pernambuco State, a semiarid Region of Northeastern Brazil

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 1933 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Romero Alexandre Alves ◽  
Geilson Manoel de Souza Lima ◽  
José Dêvede da Silva ◽  
Diego Figueiredo da Costa ◽  
Fabrine Alexandre dos Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Management System ◽  
Small Ruminants ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Semiarid Region ◽  
Intensive Management ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Leptospira Spp

The transit of infected animals may be a route for the introduction and dispersal of diseases, which necessitates protocols for the controlled entry of infected animals into herds. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of anti-Leptospira and anti-Brucella ovis antibodies in small ruminants sold at an animal fair in the Sertão region of the Pernambuco State, Northeastern Brazil, and to identify the possible risk factors associated with seropositivity. Serum samples were collected from 233 goats and 119 sheep, belonging to twelve different owners from November 2014 to June 2015. Diagnosis of Leptospira spp. infection was established using the microscopic agglutination test (MAT); for B. ovis infection, the agar gel immuno-diffusion (AGID) test was conducted. A total of 16/233 (6.87%; 95% CI = 4.27% – 10.83%) goats and 16/119 (13.45%; 95% CI = 8.67% – 21.24%) sheep were identified as seropositive for Leptospira spp. The most frequent serotype was Icterohaemorrhagiae. In goats, intensive management system (odds ratio = 15.8; p < 0.001) and consorted rearing of equines and goats (odds ratio = 7.3; p = 0.005) were identified as risk factors. There were no risk factors identified for sheep. Seven (5.88%; 95% CI = 2.88% – 11.65%) sheep were seropositive for B. ovis, and the intensive management system was identified as the risk factor (odds ratio = 11.5; p = 0.005). This suggests that Leptospira spp. and B. ovis infections occur in small ruminants commercialized in the Sertão region of the Pernambuco State. Thus, improvements to the sanitary conditions of the facilities and the control of synanthropic rodents are recommended.

scholarly journals Spontaneous poisoning by Ricinus communis leaves (Euphorbiaceae) in goats

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-128
Author(s):  
Luiz B. Brito ◽  
Franklin Riet-Correa ◽  
Valdir M. Almeida ◽  
Givaldo B. Silva Filho ◽  
Hisadora A.S. Chaves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Locomotor Activity ◽  
Ricinus Communis ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Supportive Therapy ◽  
Northeastern Brazil ◽  
Isotonic Solution ◽  
Specific Therapy ◽  
Cytoplasmic Vacuolization ◽  
Gross Lesions ◽  
Severe Ataxia

ABSTRACT: The aim of this study was to report the clinical and pathological aspects of an outbreak of poisoning by the ingestion of Ricinus communis leaves in a herd of goats at Pernambuco, northeastern Brazil. Within 3-5 hours after ingesting the sprouts and young shrubs of the plant, twenty Toggenburg female goats and two adults crossbred wethers presented acute neurological clinical signs, which were initially characterized by decreased locomotor activity that later evolved to severe ataxia, depression, incoordination and staggering gait. Four goat that died spontaneously were necropsied. Gross lesions were unspecific and consisted in focal areas of lungs edema, petechial hemorrhages in the epicardium and congestion and enlargement of liver. The contents of the rumen, reticulum and omasum were dry and contained leaves of the plant. Histologically there were no lesions in the CNS. In the liver, the main lesion consisted in cytoplasmic vacuolization and necrosis of hepatocytes. Eighteen goats recovered after a supportive therapy with activated charcoal, glycated isotonic solution, dexamethasone and vitamin B12. There is no specific therapy for poisoning by R. communis, however supportive and symptomatic treatments are recommended and should be based on the clinical signs.

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