scholarly journals Fungos em sementes de plantas ornamentais

2011 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 561-573
Author(s):  
Sarah da Silva Barreto ◽  
Denise Vilela de Rezende ◽  
Luiz Eduardo Bassay Blum
Keyword(s):  
Alternaria Alternata ◽  
Zinnia Elegans ◽  
Curvularia Lunata ◽  
Tagetes Patula ◽  
Petunia X Hybrida ◽  
Rudbeckia Hirta ◽  
Salvia Splendens ◽  
Distrito Federal ◽  
Viola Tricolor ◽  
Phlox Drummondii

Estudou-se a ocorrência de fungos em sementes de nove espécies de plantas ornamentais herbáceas (Dahlia pinnata, Petunia x hybrida, Phlox drummondii, Rudbeckia hirta, Salvia farinacea, Salvia splendens, Tagetes patula, Viola tricolor e Zinnia elegans) costumeiramente plantadas no Distrito Federal. O método de detecção utilizado foi o de papel de filtro ("blotter-test"), sendo que uma subamostra, de 100 sementes, de cada espécie foi submetida a assepsia com álcool 70% e hipoclorito de sódio 1% e outra não. Das amostras de sementes analisadas foram detectados e isolados 32 fungos, sendo 88% representantes do grupo dos fungos mitospóricos, 6% do filo Ascomycota, 3% do filo Zygomycota e 3% de organismos semelhantes à fungos do filo Oomycota. Os gêneros mais frequentemente encontrados foram Alternaria, Cladosporium, Bipolaris, Curvularia, Exerohilum, Aspergillus e Penicillium. O maior número de fungos ocorreu nas sementes de D. pinnata, T. patula e P. drummondii. Alternaria alternata, Alternaria spp, Bipolaris spp., Curvularia lunata, C. protuberata, Exserohilum sp., Phoma glomerata, P. multirostrata, Pythium sp. e Ulocladium atrum podem, por indícios literários, ser um relato pioneiro em algumas das plantas de ornamentais. Possivelmente, no Brasil este é o primeiro relato de: Alternaria alternata em sementes de Dahlia pinnata, Salvia farinacea, S. splendens e Tagetes patula; Curvularia lunata em sementes de Rudbeckia hirta e T. patula; C. protuberata ePhoma glomerata em Zinnia elegans; Phoma multirostrata em Salvia splendens, e; Ulocladium atrum em semente de Viola tricolor.

scholarly journals Вплив інгредієнтів автотранспортних викидів на стан асиміляційного апарату декоративних квітникових рослин

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 118-124
Author(s):  
O. P. Pryimak ◽  
A. N. Pugach
Keyword(s):  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
The State ◽  
Zinnia Elegans ◽  
Vehicle Emission ◽  
Tagetes Patula ◽  
Motor Transport ◽  
Salvia Splendens ◽  
Transport Emission

The effect of motor vehicle emission ingredients on the state of assimilative apparatus of decorative ornamental plants is studied in Dnepropetrovsk. The morphometric indices of leaves of studied species are discussed. The changes of the leaves area and their amount on a plant are shown. The damages of assimilative organs and its structure abnormalities are revealed. The negative influence of motor transport emission on forming and growth of leaves was determined. The Aster novі-belgii L. and Tagetes patula L. are resistant, but Begonia×semperflorens hort, Salvia splendens L. and Zinnia elegans Jacq. are sensitive to the influence of emissions. 

scholarly journals Tamponamento do pH da solução nutritiva na hidroponia de plantas ornamentais.

2005 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maira C. M. Fonseca ◽  
Karine Ribeiro Raslan ◽  
Paulo R. G. Pereira ◽  
José Geraldo Barbosa ◽  
Hermínia E. P. Martinez
Keyword(s):  
Antirrhinum Majus ◽  
Petunia X Hybrida ◽  
Viola Tricolor ◽  
Phlox Drummondii

Seis espécies de plantas ornamentais: <i>Viola tricolor, Antirrhinum majus, Phlox drummondii, Petunia hibrida, Statice sinuata e Alyssum maritimun</i> foram cultivadas em solução nutritiva com e sem agente tamponante, num experimento fatorial inteiramente casualizado com três repetições. Avaliou-se o tempo para germinação, produção de muda, início do florescimento, teores de nutrientes e perdas do vigor e da qualidade das flores. As plantas foram colhidas quando perderam o vigor e a qualidade das flores. Dentre as espécies cultivadas, a que apresentou menor ciclo foi boca-de-leão (<i>Antirrhinum majus</i>). Boca-de-leão (<i>Antirrhinum majus</i>) e petúnia (<i>Petúnia x hybrida</i>) monstraram-se melhor esenvolvidas quando cultivadas com agente tamponante. Amorperfeito (<i>Viola tricolor</i>) e flox (<i>Phlox drummondii</i>) tenderam a um melhor desenvolvimento em solução nutritiva sem agente tamponante. Para estátice (<i>Statice sinuata</i>) e alisso (<i>Alyssum maritimun</i>) as soluções empregadas não resultaram em diferenças significativas no crescimento das plantas, embora o vigor e número de flores de alisso apresentem superioridade em presença de agente tamponante.

scholarly journals Kvaliteta sjemena tradicijskih cvjetnih vrsta za amaterski uzgoj

Sjemenarstvo ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 65-75
Author(s):  
Dijana Horvat ◽  
Vesna Židovec ◽  
Samir Marcijuš
Keyword(s):  
Alternaria Alternata ◽  
Zinnia Elegans ◽  
Tagetes Patula ◽  
Fusarium Spp ◽  
Impatiens Walleriana ◽  
Lavandula Officinalis

Tradicijske cvjetne vrste uz povrtne, aromatične i ljekovite biljke bile su važni stanovnici tradicijskih seoskih vrtova. Tijekom 20. stoljeća, promjenom životnih navika seoskog stanovništava, počinje izumiranje tradicijskih seoskih vrtova a s njima i tradicijskih cvjetnih vrsta. Danas vrtlari amateri pokušavaju obnoviti tradicijske seoske vrtove no najčešći rezultat su vrtovi bogati cvjetnim vrstama koje susrećemo u ponudi velikih trgovačkih lanaca, u maloprodaji i na tržnicama. Loša kvaliteta sjemena mogući je uzrok nestajanja tradicijskih cvjetnih vrsta. Proizvodnje sjemena cvjetnih vrsta u Hrvatskoj nema, ponuda je bazirana na uvozu sjemena čija kvaliteta prema Pravilniku o stavljanju na tržište poljoprivrednog reprodukcijskog materijala ukrasnog bilja NN 129/07 ne podliježe nikakvoj kontroli. Na 18 uzoraka sjemena deset cvjetnih vrsta uvezenih 2011/12: Ageratum hosutonianum, Calistephus chinensis, Cosmos bipinatus, Dahlia pinata, Impatiens walleriana, Lavandula officinalis, Lobelia erenis, Tagetes patula, Verbrena×hybrida, Zinia elegans ispitana je energija klijanja, klijavost i zdravstveno stanje sjemena, prema ISTA međunarodnim metodama ispitivanja. Ispitivani uzorak je osim tradiconalnih cvjetnih vrsta obuhvatio i nekoliko komercijalnih cvjetnih vrsta. Nicanje u kontejnerima, rast u cvjetnim posudama i boja cvjetova ispitivani su na osam cvjetnih vrsta: Ageratum hosutonianum, Dahlia – mini, Impatiens walleriana, Lavandula officinalis, Lobelia erinus, Tagetes patula, Verbena × hybrida i Zinnia elegans. Klijavost većine ispitivanih tradicionalnih cvjetnih vrsta bila je ispod 50%, dok je kod komercijalnih cvjetnih vrsta bila nešto viša. Najčešće bolesti na sjemenu su: Alternaria alternata, Fusarium spp. i Verticillium sp., a zaraze ovim bolestima su na nekim uzorcima iznad 40 %. Nicanje u kontejnerima loše je kod uzoraka koji imaju nisku energiju klijanja. Boje cvjetova različite su od boja na vrećicama sjemena. Loša kvaliteta sjemena, loše nicanje u kontejnerima, nepodudarnost boje cvjetova i visine biljaka s navodima na pakiranju glavni su uzroci nestajanja tradicijskih cvjetnih vrsta. Vrtlari amateri sjeme uglavnom kupuju u maloprodaji no zbog loše kvalitete odustaju od sjetve i uzgoja tradicijskih cvjetnih vrsta. Nestajanjem tradicijskih cvjetnih vrsta nestaju i tradicijski seoski vrtovi.

Crossreactivity Between Curvularia lunata and Alternaria alternata

2006 ◽  
Vol 18 (06) ◽  
pp. 224-229
Author(s):  
Naveen Arora ◽  
Bhanu Singh ◽  
Ratna Gupta ◽  
Susheela Sridhara ◽  
Raphael Panzani
Keyword(s):  
Alternaria Alternata ◽  
Curvularia Lunata

Mycoflora associated with diseased rice grains in Bangladesh and their pathogenic potentiality

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 932-940
Author(s):  
Pranami Chowdhury ◽  
Shamim Shamsi ◽  
Hasna Hena Begum ◽  
Md Abul Bashar
Keyword(s):  
Alternaria Alternata ◽  
Fusarium Moniliforme ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Curvularia Lunata ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Aspergillus Clavatus ◽  
Cultivated Rice ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Rice Samples ◽  
Penicillium Spp

Fifty six spotted rice grain samples of four commercially cultivated rice varieties namely BRRI 28, 29, Kalijira and Pajam were collected from 14 different districts of Bangladesh. Forty rice samples (Hybrid 2,3,4, BR7,11,12,14,16,22,23,25,26and BRRI28 to BRRI 55) were also collected from Bangladesh Rice Research Institute at Joydevpur. Twenty-fivespecies of fungi belonging to 15 genera were associated with these rice varieties. The isolated fungi were Alternaria alternata, Aspergillus clavatus, A. flavus, A. fumigatus, A.niger, A. ochraceus, A.oryzae, A. terreus, Chaetomium globosum, Cladosporium cladosporioides, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, Curvularia lunata, C. lunata var. aeria, Drechslera oryzae, Fusarium moniliforme, F. oxysporum, F. solani, Microdochium oryzae, Nigrospora oryzae, Penicillium spp., Pestalotiopsis guepinii, Sarocladium oryzae and Trichoderma viride. Amongst these fungi nine i.e. Alternaria alternata (Fr.) Keissler, Aspergillus flavus Link, Curvularia lunata (Wakker) Boedijn, Drechsler aoryzae Breda de Haan (Subramanian and Jain), Fusarium moniliforme Sheldon, F. solani (Mart.) Sacc., Microdochium oryzae (Hashloka and Yokogi) Sam. and Hal., Pestalotiopsis guepinii (Desm.) Stay. and Sarocladium oryzae (Sawada) W. Gams and D. Hawks were found to be pathogenic to rice seeds. The most predominant fungus was D. oryzae which was followed by A. flavus and the least incidence was observed in case of F. solani and P. guepinni. Bioresearch Commu. 7(1): 932-940, 2021 (January)

scholarly journals Effects of Depolymerized Gellan with Different Molecular Weights on the Growth of Four Bedding Plant Species

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 169
Author(s):  
Piotr Salachna
Keyword(s):  
Plant Production ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Growth Promoters ◽  
Molecular Weights ◽  
Bedding Plants ◽  
Rudbeckia Hirta ◽  
Salvia Splendens ◽  
Bedding Plant ◽  
Plant Growth Promoters ◽  
Derivatives Of

New solutions allowing for the shortening of the growing cycle and improvements in plant quality are constantly sought in order to improve the efficiency of bedding plant production under covers. Biodegradable polysaccharides and their derivatives have become increasingly popular in horticulture as plant growth promoters. A greenhouse pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of depolymerized gellan of different molecular weights (MW 56 kDa and 77 kDa) on the growth and physiological parameters of ornamental bedding plants Rudbeckia hirta L., Salvia splendens Sellow ex J.A. Schultes, Scabiosa atropurpurea L., and Tithonia rotundifolia (Mill.) S.F. Blake. The results showed that the application of depolymerized gellan accelerated flowering and stimulated the growth of all assessed species, regardless of MW. The plants treated with depolymerized gellan grew higher and had greater fresh weight of their above-ground parts, higher leaf relative chlorophyll content (SPAD; soil and plant analysis development), and higher stomatal conductance (gs). The use of 56 kDa gellan fraction resulted in the formation of inflorescences with the greatest fresh weight in S. atropurpurea. Leaves of R. hirta treated with this fraction showed the highest values of SPAD and gs. This study demonstrated that gellan derivatives of low MW may be used for the production of innovative plant biostimulants.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Pathogenic Potentiality of Fungi Associated With Leaf Spot of Basella Alba and B. Rubra

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-189
Author(s):  
Nusrat Jahan Shova ◽  
Shamim Shamsi ◽  
MA Bashar
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Flavus ◽  
Alternaria Alternata ◽  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Curvularia Lunata ◽  
Basella Alba ◽  
Penicillium Sp ◽  
Colletotrichum Dematium ◽  
Major Species ◽  
Fusarium Semitectum ◽  
First Time

Two major species of Indian spinach, namely Basella alba L. and B. rubra L. were selected to find out associated mycoflora and their pathogenic potentiality. Ten fungi viz., Alternaria alternata, Aspergillus flavus, A. fumigatus, A. niger, Colletotrichum dematium, C. lindemuthianum, Curvularia lunata, Drechslera sacchari, Fusarium semitectum and Penicillium sp. were found to be associated with the selected leaves of Basella spp. Among the isolated fungi C. lindemuthianum, D. sacchari and F. semitectum were found to be pathogenic to Basella spp. Association of C. lindemuthianum and D. sacchari with Basella spp. are recorded first time from Bangladesh. Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 29(2): 183-189, 2020 (July)

scholarly journals Tolerance of Native Wildflower Seedlings to Imazapic

2003 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 68-72
Author(s):  
Jeffrey G Norcini ◽  
James H. Aldrich ◽  
Frank G Martin
Keyword(s):  
Major Effect ◽  
Field Soil ◽  
Lupinus Perennis ◽  
Rudbeckia Hirta ◽  
Seed Sources ◽  
Potting Medium ◽  
Stand Thinning ◽  
Commercial Medium ◽  
Commercial Source ◽  
Phlox Drummondii

Abstract Plateau (imazapic) at 0.0175 kg ai/ha (0.0156 lb ai/A) to 0.14 kg ai/ha (0.125 lb ai/A) was applied the day after seed of annual phlox (Phlox drummondii), black-eyed susan (Rudbeckia hirta), blanketflower (Gaillardia pulchella), lanceleaf coreopsis (Coreopsis lanceolata), scarlet sage (Salvia coccinea), standing cypress (Ipomopsis rubra), and sundial lupine (Lupinus perennis), were sown on a commercial potting medium or a sandy field soil in plastic pots. All seed were from one commercial source, with additional seed of black-eyed susan, lanceleaf coreopsis, and blanketflower from a second source (Florida ecotype). At 28 days after treatment, slight stand thinning was observed on scarlet sage, blanketflower, and black-eyed susan but the major effect of Plateau was stunting on all species. Annual phlox was the most tolerant of Plateau, with only occasional slight stunting and no stand thinning even at the highest rate. Lanceleaf coreopsis and sundial lupine were slightly less tolerant, with scarlet sage, blanketflower, and black-eyed susan being the most susceptible. Planting medium frequently affected Plateau activity, with stunting usually greater in the commercial medium than in a sandy field soil. For the species in which there were two seed sources, seed source affected tolerance of black-eyed susan and lanceleaf coreopsis. The Florida ecotype of lanceleaf coreopsis was more sensitive to Plateau than the commercial source. For black-eyed susan, sensitivity to Plateau depended on the medium in which seedlings were growing. Results for blanketflower were inconclusive.

scholarly journals pH Affects Seed Germination of Eight Bedding Plant Species

HortScience ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 25 (7) ◽  
pp. 762-764 ◽  
Author(s):  
Candice A. Shoemaker ◽  
William H. Carlson
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Filter Paper ◽  
Tagetes Patula ◽  
Species Response ◽  
Buffer Solutions ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Salvia Splendens ◽  
Bedding Plant ◽  
Petri Dishes ◽  
Lobularia Maritima

Seeds of eight commonly grown bedding plant species [Ageratum houstonianum Mill., Begonia × semperflorens Hort., Impatiens wallerana Hook., Lobularia maritima (L.) Desv., Petunia × hybrida Hort., Pelargonium hortorum L.H. Bailey, Salvia splendens F. Sellow, Tagetes patula] were germinated at pH values from 4.5 to 7.5 at 0.5 increments. Seeds were germinated in petri dishes on filter paper saturated with buffer solutions or in petri dishes containing a 50 sphagnum peat: 50 coarse vermiculite (peatlite) medium moistened with buffer solutions. Germination on filter paper was affected by pH for all species tested. Peatlite medium pH affected germination of all species tested, except Salvia splendens. Species response to similar pH values differed between the two germination procedures. Total percent germination of seeds germinated was less in peatlite medium than on filter paper.

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