scholarly journals Digestibility and ruminal digestion kinetics of corn silage

2005 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
O.N. Di Marco ◽  
M.S. Aello ◽  
S. Arias
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Exponential Model ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Passage Rate ◽  
Digestion Kinetics ◽  
Ruminal Digestion ◽  
Kinetics Of

The in situ dry matter (DM) disappearance of corn silages in two maturity stages (milk grain and half milk line) of known in vivo and in vitro digestibility was determined, with the main purpose of comparing digestibility values with the ruminal disappearance at 24 and 48h of incubation. A secondary goal was the description of their ruminal digestion kinetics, from which the effective degradability was calculated at an assumed passage rate of 4%/h. Data of in vivo, in vitro and in situ degradability at 24 and 48-h were analyzed with a linear model that included as fixed effects the maturity and the methodology of evaluation, and the kinetic data were described by the exponential model of McDonald. There was a significant effect (P<0.05) of methodology in the estimation of digestibility, but not of maturity or interaction maturity × methodology. The in vivo digestibility (52.9%) was not different from the 24-h in situ degradability (55.6%) with numerical values in the range of the effective degradability. The in vitro digestibility (61.6%) was not different from the 48-h in situ degradability (61.9%), being both estimates higher than the in vivo digestibility. The 24-h in situ degradability was a closer estimator of the in vivo digestibility and the 48-h in situ degradability and the in vitro digestibility overestimated the in vivo parameter by 15-20%.

Prediction of Digestibility and Intake of Sheep Fed Leguminosae or GRAMINAE Hays: Comparison Between the in Vitro Digestibility, Kinetics of Gas Production or Dry Matter Degradation

1994 ◽  
Vol 1994 ◽  
pp. 103-103
Author(s):  
M.T. Dentinho ◽  
K. Khazaal ◽  
J.M. Ribeiro ◽  
E.R. Ørskov
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Lolium Multiflorum ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Italian Ryegrass ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Kinetics Of

By using separated values of kinetics of in situ dry matter (DM) degradation or in vitro gas production (Menke and Steingass, 1988) of leguminosae hays, Khazaal et al, (1993) reported high correlation with intake (r= 0.88; r= 0.79) and in vivo DM digestibility (DMD) (r= 0.94; r= 0.88). The aim of the present study was to extend the range of samples used and compare the ability of the 2 stages in vitro digestibility (Tilley and Terry, 1963), the in situ DM degradation or the gas production techniques to predict daily intake (g DM/ kgW0.75) and in vivo DM digestibility (DMD) of 19 leguminous and graminaceous hays fed to sheep.Three harvesting stages (early bloom EB, mid bloom MB or in seed IS) made from lucerne (Medicago sativa), sweet clover (Melilotus segetalis), Persian clover (Trifolium resupinatum), Rye (Secale cereale), Triticale (Triticale hexaploid), oat (Avena stativa) and a pre-bloom (PB) Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum ). Each hay was fed ad libitum to 4 Merino male sheep and their intake and in vivo DMD recorded. Gas production (ml/ 200 mg DM) or in situ DM degradation (g/ 100 g DM) were determined as described by Khazaal et al, (1993) after 6, 12, 24, 48, 72 or 96 h incubation. Measured gas production or DM degradation values were fitted to the equation p=a+b(l-e-ct)(McDonald, 1981) where p is gas production or DM degradation at time t and a, b and c are constants. For nylon bag the washing loss (soluble fraction) was defined as A, the insoluble but fermentable matter was defined as B=(a+b)-A, and c is the rate of fermentation or degradation (Ørskov and Ryle, 1990).

In vitro starch digestion kinetics of diets varying in resistant starch and arabinoxylan compared with in vivo portal appearance of glucose in pigs

2016 ◽  
Vol 88 ◽  
pp. 199-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cecilie Toft Vangsøe ◽  
Anne Krog Ingerslev ◽  
Peter Kappel Theil ◽  
Mette Skou Hedemann ◽  
Helle Nygaard Lærke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistant Starch ◽  
Starch Digestion ◽  
Digestion Kinetics ◽  
Kinetics Of

scholarly journals In situ ruminal digestion kinetics of forages and feed byproducts in cattle and buffalo

1998 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 128-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Sarwar ◽  
Mahr-un-Nisa ◽  
S. A. Bhatti ◽  
C. S. Ali
Keyword(s):  
Digestion Kinetics ◽  
Ruminal Digestion ◽  
Kinetics Of

A comparison between in vitro digestibility, in situ degradability and a gas production technique for predicting the in vivo digestibility of whole-crop wheat

1998 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 33-35
Author(s):  
A. T. Adesogan ◽  
E. Owen ◽  
D. I. Givens
Keyword(s):  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Production Technique ◽  
Grass Silage ◽  
Laboratory Techniques

Several published reports on the nutritive value of whole-crop wheat (WCW) have been based on estimations from laboratory techniques, some of which were developed for grass silage. However, there is little information on the accuracy of such estimations. Therefore the aim of this study was to evaluate the suitability of predicting the in vivo digestibility of WCW from various less animal-dependent techniques.

scholarly journals Development of a static in vitro digestion model for determination of glycemic index

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yesudas Gudivada
Keyword(s):  
Glycemic Index ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
In Vitro Digestion ◽  
Glycemic Response ◽  
In Vivo Testing ◽  
Digestion Kinetics ◽  
Kinetics Of

While in vivo methods have been used to determine the glycemic response of food, they are time consuming, costly, and not suitable for large-scale applications. As an alternative, in vitro digestion models offer fast, reproducible results to study food digestion kinetics that are less expensive than conducting human trials. While there are several in vitro glycemic index (GI) methods used to determine the GI of food, most do not employ methods of in vivo testing. Therefore, we used a static in vitro digestive system, the Dedicated Ryerson University In-vitro Digester (DRUID), that simulates both gastric and intestinal conditions to determine the glycemic response of commonly consumed carbohydrate-containing foods. Samples were collected at regular intervals over a 2h residence time after digestion in the intestinal phase of the DRUID. The DRUID-determined GI values were compared to published in vivo GI values. A Bland-Altman plot showed that there was agreement between the GI values determined from the DRUID compared with published in vivo GI values. In conclusion, the in vitro DRUID can reliably and reproducibly determine the GI across a spectrum of carbohydrate-containing foods, and has the potential to predict the digestion kinetics of novel food products in vivo that may promote human health.

In vitro protein and starch digestion kinetics of individual chickpea cells: from static to more complex in vitro digestion approaches

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katharina Pälchen ◽  
Daphne Michels ◽  
Dorine Duijsens ◽  
Shannon Tabeth Gwala ◽  
Andrea Katherine Pallares Pallares ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Digestion ◽  
Starch Digestion ◽  
Digestion Kinetics ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Vitro Protein

Attention has been given to more (semi-)dynamic in vitro digestion approaches, ascertaining the consequences of dynamic in vivo aspects on in vitro digestion kinetics. As these often come with time...

Method for measuring gas production kinetics

1998 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 209-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. R. Mertens ◽  
P. J. Weimer
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Parameters ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Production Kinetics ◽  
Digestion Kinetics ◽  
Ruminal Digestion ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Or Modelling

Methodology can play a critical rôle in the measurement of digestion kinetics, especially when the objective is to define kinetic parameters for use in formulating rations or modelling animal responses. Measurement of gas production kinetics provides the opportunity to evaluate the rate of digestion of the soluble, more rapidly fermenting fractions of foods but has the potential for being more sensitive to the in vitro procedure used. Differences among procedures that have little impact on digestion of dry matter after 48 h of incubation, may have dramatic effects on fermentation of soluble matter during the first 20 h. Our objective was to develop a method for measuring the kinetics of gas production that would minimize any detrimental effects associated with the in vitro system and provide estimates of digestion kinetics that can be used to both describe foods for ration formulation systems and provide parameters for models of ruminal digestion.

Prediction of in vivo organic matter digestibility of beef cattle diets from degradation parameters estimated from in situ and in vitro incubations

2019 ◽  
Vol 157 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 711-720
Author(s):  
Pedro Del Bianco Benedeti ◽  
Sebastião de Campos Valadares Filho ◽  
Diego Zanetti ◽  
Fabyano Fonseca e Silva ◽  
Breno de Castro Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Stepwise Regression ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Insoluble Fraction ◽  
Water Soluble

AbstractThe objective of this meta-analysis study was to develop and validate equations estimated from in situ and in vitro methods to predict in vivo ruminal digestibility of organic matter (OM) of beef cattle diets. The database was composed of individual data of 23 diets from six experiments. Information collected from these studies was: in vivo digestibility and degradation parameters of OM calculated from in situ and in vitro incubations. The values of estimated times for the in situ and in vitro incubations to access in vivo digestibility of OM, and differences between degradation at 24, 48 and 72 h (in situ and in vitro) and in vivo digestibility were analysed in a model that included the fixed effects of forage neutral detergent fibre level. Thereafter, a multiple stepwise regression was carried out using OM digestibility as a dependent variable and degradation parameters (A = water-soluble fraction; B = potentially degradable water-insoluble fraction; and kd = degradation rate of fraction B) as independent variables. Equation validation was performed using data from a seventh experiment that have the same methods than previous studies. Stepwise regression results showed that the kd contributed significantly in most of the algorithms derived to predict in vivo digestibility. Validation analysis showed that equations developed from both in vitro and in situ incubations accurately estimated the in vivo digestibility of OM (P > 0.05). Our results suggest that equations developed to estimate OM digestibility showed both precision and accuracy; however, in situ method presented better results than in vitro.

Can cell-free enzymes replace rumen micro-organisms to model energy and protein suppty?

1998 ◽  
Vol 22 ◽  
pp. 99-114
Author(s):  
G. A. Broderick
Keyword(s):  
Protein Degradation ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Streptomyces Griseus ◽  
Food Samples ◽  
Detergent Solution ◽  
Micro Organisms ◽  
Ruminal Digestion

AbstractNew ruminant feeding systems being developed in Europe and North America have greatly increased the need for rapid measurement of rate and extent of ruminal digestion of complex carbohydrates and proteins in individual foods. Application of these systems is lagging because of a lack of reliable kinetic digestion data. This has increased interest in using cell-free enzymes to assess ruminal breakdown of carbohydrates and proteins. The simplest kinetic model describing ruminal digestion divides carbohydrates and proteins into three fractions: A (that already digested and/ or that soluble), B (that digestible) and C (that completely indigestible). Fractions A, B and C sum to 1·0; proportion of digestible fraction B that is degraded is given by: [kd/ (kd+ kp], where kpand kdare, respectively, rates of ruminal passage and digestion. Some models divide fraction B into two or three subfractions while others include a digestion lag. Fully successful, cell-free enzyme systems would yield accurate estimates of digestion fractions and rates and, where appropriate, lag time. As a minimum, results with enzymes should be well correlated to in situ extents of digestion. In vivo total tract digestibility of organic matter (OM) and energy was predicted accurately when food samples were pre-treated with acid-pepsin or neutral-detergent solution, followed by treatment with cellulase from Trichoderma viride (T. reesei). Pepsin-cellulase and neutral detergent-cellulase methods have predicted in vivo digestibility more precisely than Tilley and Terry methods in some cases. Two-stage cellulase assays have given good results with many forages and, when including an amylase treatment, with mixed foods; OM digestibility of straws was not well predicted. Many different cell-free proteases have been tested to estimate ruminal protein degradability. Generally, effectiveness of proteases was assessed by correlating proportions of food nitrogen solubilized after specific incubation times with extents of in situ protein degradation. The broad specificity protease fromStreptomyces griseushas been used most extensively for this purpose in incubations at pH 8·0. However, somewhat better correlations have been reported for ficin, bromelain, papain and neutral proteases of fungal and bacterial origin in incubations at pH more similar to the rumen. Prior treatment with amylases improved correlations for concentrate foodstuffs. As yet, cell-free proteases have not accurately predicted rates and extents of protein degradation observed in ruminal in vitro and in situ systems.

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