scholarly journals Childhood cancer and pediatric oncologic care in Brazil: access and equity

2011 ◽  
Vol 27 (9) ◽  
pp. 1711-1720 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marilia Fornaciari Grabois ◽  
Evangelina X. G. de Oliveira ◽  
Marilia Sá Carvalho
Keyword(s):  
Health System ◽  
Childhood Cancer ◽  
National Health ◽  
National Health System ◽  
Clinical Suspicion ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Access To Health Services ◽  
Access To Health ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Cancer In Children

Cancer in children and adolescents is rare and highly curable if treatment is started early, yet it is still the main cause of death from disease in this age group. The aim of this study is to discuss access to health services for cancer patients under 19 years of age in Brazil, mapping deaths and treatment modalities in the Brazilian Unified National Health System (SUS). Data from 2000 to 2007 were analyzed according to health regions. Maps of cancer mortality rates and cancer care indicators - hospitalizations, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy financed by the national health system - revealed inequality in access, based on the small number of procedures for children in poorer regions of the country. Even with the usual concentration of specialized services in more heavily populated areas, access begins with clinical suspicion in primary care, followed by referral to more complex levels, where the diagnosis is made and treatment begins. Training pediatricians in clinical suspicion of childhood cancer and definition of more streamlined patient flows could improve the situation, thereby increasing the odds of cure.

Vernal keratoconjunctivitis: An update

2021 ◽  
pp. 112067212110221
Author(s):  
Daniele Giovanni Ghiglioni ◽  
Anna Maria Zicari ◽  
Giuseppe Fabio Parisi ◽  
Giuseppe Marchese ◽  
Cristiana Indolfi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health System ◽  
Rare Diseases ◽  
Complex Disease ◽  
National Health System ◽  
Eye Diseases ◽  
Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis ◽  
International Level ◽  
Safety And Efficacy ◽  
Essential Step ◽  
Definition Of

Vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) and atopic keratoconjunctivitis (AKC) are potentially severe and complex disease in its management among the various allergic eye diseases. In this regard, studies clarified the etiopathogenetic mechanisms. The workup should be multidisciplinary. The treatment includes topical and systemic medications with anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressant activity. However, a definition of nationally- and internationally-shared diagnostic protocols would also be needed and validated access to therapeutic options of proven safety and efficacy to avoid the use of galenic preparations, up to now still essential in the management of moderate-severe VKC. Finally, recognizing VKC and AKC, among rare diseases, at a national and international level would be an essential step to allow the management of VKC with adequate timings and settings within the National Health System.

Experience in applying the effectiveness audit methodology in order to save budget funds for the purchase of medicines in the UK

2020 ◽  
pp. 82-87
Author(s):  
S. S. Budarin ◽  
N. V. Yurgel
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Health System ◽  
National Health ◽  
Sharp Increase ◽  
National Health System ◽  
Pharmaceutical Market ◽  
National Audit ◽  
Drug Pricing ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
The Uk

The article examines the experience of the national audit office of the United Kingdom in conducting an audit of the effectiveness of budget funds aimed at providing medicines to English citizens. The reasons for the sharp increase in budget expenditures for providing the population with reproduced medicines in 2017—2018 are described in detail.The article analyzes the shortcomings of the system of regulation of drug pricing procedures and the resulting risks to the budget of the national health system in United Kingdom.It is concluded that the effectiveness audit has allowed us to identify not only the reasons for significant overspending of the NHS budget to provide the population with medicines, but also to assess the actions of organizations authorized by the UK Government to address issues of regulation of the pharmaceutical market.

I limiti del tempo in un tempo di limiti

2009 ◽  
pp. 55-62
Author(s):  
Fabrizio Rizzi
Keyword(s):  
Health System ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Community Service ◽  
National Health ◽  
National Health System ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Intellectual Honesty ◽  
Life Itself ◽  
Environmental Limits

- This article recounts the doubts and fears of an experienced analyst who is now an apprentice acrobat. He is forced to keep himself tiredly balanced between psychological and physical limits imposed by age, restrictions introduced by the National Health System and categories of patients who have precedence over others. He cannot receive all of the patients who ask for him and even those who he does receive will have to be discharged in the short term. Explaining to them, with intellectual honesty, that the community service has rules that limit his wishes as well. What can this be if not acrobatics? In the end it means combining the contradictory but perhaps also the most real aspects of life itself. [KEY WORDS: desires, personal and environmental limits, truth of the therapist]

A view from abroad: a New Zealand perspective on the English NHS health reforms

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin Gauld
Keyword(s):  
Health Policy ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Health System ◽  
Access To Care ◽  
Healthcare System ◽  
National Health ◽  
Universal Access ◽  
National Health System ◽  
High Income ◽  
Coalition Government

The English NHS is of significance among health policy observers around the globe for various reasons. The NHS is particularly noteworthy for the fact that, for many, it represents the high-income world’s best attempt to have built and maintained a ‘national’ health system with a focus on universal access to care that is free at point of service. The NHS has been in transition for several years. Many commentators have highlighted the role and influence of US market ideals in this transition, with various UK governments clearly pushing this agenda. However, is often useful to look to countries more closely comparable to England, such as New Zealand, for comparison with a view to improvement. This chapter takes such an approach in looking at the NHS from abroad. It draws upon the case of NZ which, in many ways, is very similar to England when it comes to health policy and the healthcare system. In doing so, it aims to provide a critique of the NHS reforms and demonstrate that there are alternatives to the policies and structures being pursued for the English NHS by the Coalition government.

scholarly journals Time trends in physical activity of adult users of the Brazilian National Health System: 2010-2014. Longitudinal study

2017 ◽  
Vol 135 (4) ◽  
pp. 369-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruna Camilo Turi ◽  
Jamile Sanches Codogno ◽  
Rômulo Araújo Fernandes ◽  
Kyle Robinson Lynch ◽  
Eduardo Kokubun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Health System ◽  
National Health ◽  
Time Trends ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
National Health System ◽  
Sports Participation ◽  
Male Sex

ABSTRACT CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: In this longitudinal study, we aimed to describe time trends of physical activity (PA) in different domains from 2010 to 2014 among users of the Brazilian National Health System, taking into account the effects of sex, age and economic status (ES). DESIGN AND SETTING: Longitudinal study conducted in five primary care units in Bauru (SP), Brazil. METHODS: The sample was composed of 620 men and women who were interviewed in 2010, 2012 and 2014. The same group of researchers conducted the interviews, using the questionnaire developed by Baecke et al. Scores for occupational, exercise/sport, leisure-time/transportation and overall PA were considered in this longitudinal survey. Time trends of PA over the four years of follow-up were assessed according to sex, age and ES. RESULTS: We found that after four years of follow-up, the reduction in overall PA (-13.6%; 95% confidence interval, CI = -11.9 to -15.3) was statistically significant. Additionally, declines in the occupational domain and exercise/sports participation were affected by age, while the reduction in overall PA was affected by sex, age and ES. CONCLUSIONS: Overall PA decreased significantly from 2010 to 2014 among these outpatients of the Brazilian National Health System, and age and male sex were important determinants of PA in its different domains.

scholarly journals Weight and height of people living with HIV/AIDS attended by the Brazilian National Health System

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 622-632
Author(s):  
Katia Cristina Bassichetto ◽  
Denise Pimentel Bergamaschi ◽  
Deivis Elton Schlickmann Frainer ◽  
Vania Regina Salles Garcia ◽  
Edina Aparecida Tramarin Trovões
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Health System ◽  
National Health ◽  
National Health System ◽  
Reference Population ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Hiv Aids

The nutritional status of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) is related to morbidity and mortality and its monitoring is important in the maintenance of the health status. This is a cross-sectional study carried out in Brazilian National Health System in the Municipality of São Paulo. It describes anthropometrical characteristics: weight and height; indices of weight for height (W/H), height for age (H/A), body mass index for age (BMI/A) and Z score for height and weight. The study includes 772 participants from all ages: children, adolescents, adults and elderly. The graphical analysis shows that in under-5s and in the 5 to 19 years old group, the W/H, the H/A and the BMI/A curves are similar to the reference population with an exception in the H/A for 5 to 19 years old group which is left-shifted (mean Z = -0.66). In the case of adults, graphics for the study population show median weight apparently lower than in the reference population for most age groups in the case of men, and when age is greater in women. The proportion of people over 20 years old with AIDS on anti-retroviral therapy is lower when coinfection is present (p < 0.001). The findings of the study showed that, for children and adolescents with HIV/AIDS, the average weight and height are lower than the values for non infected population. For adults and elderly, the weight average is lower than the reference population with a worsening among coinfected patients. This underscores the need to direct more effort in nutritional actions thus helping enhance the health status of this group.

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