scholarly journals The new Adoption Law: legal and psychological aspects

2013 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 445-453 ◽  
Author(s):  
Débora Silva de Oliveira ◽  
Eda Regina Doederlein Schwartz

From a legal and psychological standpoint, this article examines some aspects involved in adoption, including the effects of the alterations made to the Statute of Children and Adolescents by the National Adoption Law. It verifies whether or not the Law accelerated the performance of adoption processes. This paper is based on bibliographic searches and statistics from Rio Grande do Sul. Results show that the Law was innovative in many aspects but ceased to tackle others, such as adoption by homosexuals. Proceedings have become more bureaucratic, and the number of adoptions in the state, according to the records, remains insignificant. The New Law has not yet achieved its objective of accelerating the adoption process. Institutional sheltering, which should be temporary, at times becomes permanent, which contradicts the right of children/adolescents to family life and results in significant psychological damage to them.

2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 1607-1616 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciano Mangueira Trevisan ◽  
Tatiele Nalin ◽  
Tassia Tonon ◽  
Lauren Monteiro Veiga ◽  
Paula Vargas ◽  
...  

Treatment of phenylketonuria (PKU) includes the use of a metabolic formula which should be provided free of charge by the Unified Health System (SUS). This retrospective, observational study sought to characterize judicial channels to obtain PKU treatment in Rio Grande do Sul (RS), Brazil. Lawsuits filed between 2001- 2010 and having as beneficiaries PKU patients requesting treatment for the disease were included. Of 20 lawsuits filed, corresponding to 16.8% of RS patients with PKU, 19 were retrieved for analysis. Of these, only two sought to obtain therapies other than metabolic formula. In all the other 17 cases, prior treatment requests had been granted by the State Department of Health. Defendants included the State (n = 19), the Union (n = 1), and municipalities (n = 4). In 18/19 cases, the courts ruled in favor of the plaintiffs. Violation of the right to health and discontinuation of State-provided treatment were the main reasons for judicial recourse. Unlike other genetic diseases, patients with PKU seek legal remedy to obtain a product already covered by the national pharmaceutical assistance policy, suggesting that management failures are a driving factor for judicialization in Brazil.


Author(s):  
Tiago Imperatori ◽  
Ana Christina Konrad ◽  
Valmir De Souza ◽  
Odorico Konrad

A RESPONSABILIDADE OBJETIVA DO ESTADO VERSUS O ATO REALIZADO POR SEU AGENTE PÚBLICO E SUA CONSEQUENTE RESPONSABILIZAÇÃO NA ÁREA CÍVEL  THE STRICT RESPONSIBILITY OF THE GOVERNMENT VERSUS THE ACT PERFORMED BY ITS PUBLIC AGENT AND ITS CONSEQUENT LIABILITY IN THE CIVIL AREA  Tiago Imperatori*Ana Christina Konrad**Valmir de Souza***Odorico Konrad****  RESUMO: Este artigo tem como objetivo fazer uma análise das possibilidades de o Estado não vir a ser condenado ou, em sendo, ter o direito de regresso pelo ato cometido por seu agente. Trata-se de pesquisa qualitativa, realizada por meio de método dedutivo, levantamento bibliográfico e documental. Dessa forma, as reflexões partem de um resgate evolutivo acerca da história da responsabilidade desde os tempos primórdios até os dias atuais. Em seguida, faz-se um estudo direcionado à responsabilidade civil do Estado para que, finalmente, seja analisada a responsabilidade civil subjetiva do agente público sobre o dano gerado, capaz de afastar a responsabilidade objetiva do Estado. Assim, somente a análise criteriosa é que poderá conduzir a conclusão de que, nos casos em, que o agente público agir com dolo ou culpa, poderá o Estado vir a não ser condenado ou, em sendo, ter a sua responsabilidade minimizada diante da atuação de seu agente. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Responsabilidade Civil. Estado. Agente público. Art. 37, §6º da Constituição Federal. Danos Morais e Materiais. ABSTRACT: This article aims to analyze the possibilities of the state not be condemned or, in being, have the right of return for the act committed by his agent. This is a qualitative study conducted by the deductive method and survey bibliographic and documentary. Thus, the reflections are a rescue about the evolutionary history of responsibility from the earliest times to the present day. Then it is a study directed to liability of the State to finally be analyzed subjective liability about the damage generated, capable of removing the strict liability of the State. Thus, only a careful analysis is that may lead to the conclusion that, in cases in which the public official to act with malice or negligence, the State can not continue to be condemned, or in being, have minimized their responsibility before the performance of his agent. KEYWORDS: Liability. State. Public official. Article 37, § 6º of Federal Constitution. Moral and Material Damages.  SUMÁRIO: Introdução. 1. Responsabilidade Civil e suas Espécies. 1.1 Elementos da Responsabilidade Civil. 1.2 Causas que Rompem o Nexo de Causalidade. 2 Responsabilidade Civil do Estado. 2.1 Evolução Histórica. 2.2 Atos Comissivos e Atos Omissivos. 2.3 Responsabilidades Subjetiva e Objetiva do Estado. 3 Discussão acerca da Temática Proposta. 3.1 Teoria do Risco Administrativo. 3.2 Abordagem Referente ao Artigo 37, §6º, CF. 3.3 Sujeitos Passivos: Estado e Agentes Públicos. 3.4 Responsabilidade Subsidiária e a Denunciação à Lide. Considerações Finais. Referências.* Especialista em Direito Público pela Universidade Uniderp Anhanguera, São Paulo. Graduado em Direito pelo Centro Universitário Univates, Rio Grande do Sul.** Mestranda do Programa de Pós-Graduação do Centro Universitário Univates, Rio Grande do Sul. Pesquisadora bolsista do Programa de Suporte à Pós-Graduação de Instituições de Ensino Particular (PROSUP/CAPES).*** Doutor em Ambiente e Desenvolvimento pelo Centro Universitário Univates, Rio Grande do Sul. Mestre em Desenvolvimento Regional e Agronegócio pela Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná (UNIOESTE), Paraná. Professor do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Segurança Pública e Cidadania da Universidade Estadual do Oeste do Paraná (UNIOESTE) e do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Gestão e Auditoria Ambiental da Faculdade Sul Brasil (FASUL), Paraná.**** Doutor em Engenharia Ambiental e Sanitária pela Montanuniversität Leoben, Áustria. Professor do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia de Segurança do Trabalho do Centro Universitário Univates, Rio Grande do Sul.


2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 69
Author(s):  
Guilherme Pavan Machado ◽  
José Carlos Kraemer Bortoloti

Resumo: A crescente Judicialização chama atenção ao passo que denuncia a inefetividade das políticas públicas, bem como impacta no entendimento do tribunal referente à demanda judicial pleiteada. Indubitavelmente, o direito fundamental à saúde é objeto de um contingente considerável da Judicialização, muito em razão do préstimo deficiente das instituições. Sabe-se que o direito à saúde tem previsão constitucional e infraconstitucional, atribuindo a responsabilidade ao Estado para sua realização por meio de políticas públicas e programas de governo. Contudo, a via administrativa-executiva estatal encontra dificuldades na efetividade desse direito a todos os indivíduos, na verdade não atende satisfatoriamente a população. Diante desse cenário, a alternativa subsidiária torna-se a Judicialização da pretensão, ou seja, o cidadão, objetivando a tutela do seu pleito à saúde busca-o na prestação jurisdicional. Nesse sentido, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo delinear o direito fundamental à saúde no entendimento do Tribunal de Justiça do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, especificamente nas demandas de pleito de medicamentos. Por meio da pesquisa qualitativa técnica de revisão bibliográfica e do estudo de julgados no TJRS, utilizando do método fenomenológico-hermenêutico, buscar-se-á delinear o entendimento do referido tribunal, em grau de apelação, referente ao fornecimento judicial de fármacos pelo Estado, como forma de compreender quais são as variantes que direcionam o (não) deferimento da pretensão judicial do indivíduo e como o direito à saúde se apresenta neste cenário jurisprudencial.Abstract: The increasing judicialization calls attention to the step that denounces the ineffectiveness of public policies, as well as impacts on the court's understanding regarding the lawsuit filed. Undoubtedly, the fundamental right to health is the subject of a considerable contingent of judicialization, largely because of the inadequate facilities of the institutions. It is known that the right to health has constitutional and infraconstitutional foresight, assigning responsibility to the State for its fulfillment through public policies and government programs. However, the state administrative-administrative route finds difficulties in the effectiveness of this right for all individuals, in fact does not satisfactorily serve the population. In view of this scenario, the alternative alternative becomes the judicialization of the claim, that is, the citizen, aiming to protect his claim to health seeking it in the jurisdictional provision. In this sense, the present work aims to outline the fundamental right to health in the understanding of the Court of Justice of the State of Rio Grande do Sul, specifically in the lawsuits for drug litigation. Through the qualitative technical research of bibliographic review and the study of judgments in the TJRS, using the phenomenological-hermeneutic method, it will be sought to delineate the understanding of said court, in degree of appeal, regarding the judicial supply of drugs by the State, as a way of understanding which are the variants that direct the (non) deferment of the judicial claim of the individual and how the right to health presents itself in this jurisprudential scenario.


Check List ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Juventina Magrini ◽  
Paula Beatriz Araujo ◽  
Marcio Uehara-Prado

Terrestrial Isopods were sampled in four protected Atlantic Forest areas located in Serra do Mar, state of São Paulo, southeastern Brazil. A total of 2,217 individuals of six species (Atlantoscia sp., Benthana werneri, Pseudodiploexochus tabularis, Pudeoniscus obscurus, Styloniscus spinosus and Trichorhina sp.) were captured in pitfall traps. The exotic species S. spinosus is recorded for the first time for the Americas. Another introduced species, P. tabularis, previously recorded only from the state of Rio Grande do Sul, had its geographic distribution extended to the state of São Paulo. The most abundant isopods in this study belong to an undescribed species of Atlantoscia.


Author(s):  
Marina Beretta Duarte ◽  
Tatiana Schäffer Gregianini ◽  
Letícia G. Martins ◽  
Ana Beatriz G. Veiga

2008 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 275-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciano de Oliveira Garcia ◽  
Carlos Eduardo Copatti ◽  
Flávio Wachholz ◽  
Waterloo Pereira Filho ◽  
Bernardo Baldisserotto

In this study we verified data of water temperatures collected by CORSAN-RS from 1996 to 2004 in several cities of the state of Rio Grande do Sul, southern Brazil, and analyzed the possibility of raising the most cultivated fish species in Brazil. The water temperature from 1996 to 2004 was 16 to 28ºC in summer, 17 to 23ºC in fall, 14 to 17ºC (down to 9ºC in the coldest months) in winter and 14 to 21ºC in spring. Native species of this state, such as silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen), traíra (Hoplias malabaricus), dorado (Salminus brasiliensis), pintado (Pimelodus maculatus), as well as carps (family Cyprinidae), are resistant to the low winter temperatures. These species have a lower growth rate in coldest months (winter/spring) but a good development in warmer months (summer/fall), reaching a satisfactory performance throughout the year. In the periods of more intense cold, mortality of some introduced species, such as surubim from Amazon Basin (Pseudoplatystoma sp.), pirapitinga (Piaractus brachypomus), pirarucu (Arapaimas gigas), pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus), tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) and Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) may occur. In addition, as most tropical species have a thermal range for growth and reproduction between 20 to 28ºC, some species may have poor development even in fall. Therefore, water temperature in this state should be considered in the choice of fish species to be cultivated.


2014 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 662-670 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ioná Carreno ◽  
Ana Lúcia de Lourenzi Bonilha ◽  
Juvenal Soares Dias da Costa

OBJECTIVE To analyze the temporal evolution of maternal mortality and its spatial distribution.METHODS Ecological study with a sample made up of 845 maternal deaths in women between 10 and 49 years, registered from 1999 to 2008 in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Southern Brazil. Data were obtained from Information System on Mortality of Ministry of Health. The maternal mortality ratio and the specific maternal mortality ratio were calculated from records, and analyzed by the Poisson regression model. In the spatial distribution, three maps of the state were built with the rates in the geographical macro-regions, in 1999, 2003, and 2008.RESULTS There was an increase of 2.0% in the period of ten years (95%CI 1.00;1.04; p = 0.01), with no significant change in the magnitude of the maternal mortality ratio. The Serra macro-region presented the highest maternal mortality ratio (1.15, 95%CI 1.08;1.21; p < 0.001). Most deaths in Rio Grande do Sul were of white women over 40 years, with a lower level of education. The time of delivery/abortion and postpartum are times of increased maternal risk, with a greater negative impact of direct causes such as hypertension and bleeding.CONCLUSIONS The lack of improvement in maternal mortality ratio indicates that public policies had no impact on women’s reproductive and maternal health. It is needed to qualify the attention to women’s health, especially in the prenatal period, seeking to identify and prevent risk factors, as a strategy of reducing maternal death.


Author(s):  
A Longhi ◽  
G Vaccaro ◽  
T Fleck ◽  
K Roos ◽  
D Azevedo ◽  
...  

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