Drug consumption and violence in female work Zapallal - Lima/Peru

The study design was descriptive, correlational, cross-sectional, and qualitative. The objective was to identify sociodemographic and labor risk factors for drug consumption and types of violence in the workplace related to drug consumption, as well as to understand the perception of female workers regarding the relationship between drug consumption and workplace violence. We surveyed 125 women workers of four slums in the area of Zapallal, Lima, Peru, interviewing 16 women who experienced workplace violence. Among the participants, 52.8% consumed alcohol and 6.4% illegal drugs. Catholic women were at risk for consuming alcohol, while participants under 20 years of age were at risk for consuming illicit drugs. In this group, 17.6% of the women experienced verbal violence, 9.6% physical violence and 1.6% were sexually harassed in the workplace. Women victims of verbal violence have a risk for consuming illicit drugs. These women perceived themselves as a vulnerable group for violence in the workplace and weak for defending themselves. They expressed fear or shame in reporting cases of violence.

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Violence Against Frontline Emergency Nurses During Pandemic of COVID-19 in Guilan: A Cross-Sectional Study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-116197/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Atefeh Ghanbari ◽

Somaye Pouy ◽

Latif Panahi ◽

Abolfazl Etebarian Khorasgani ◽

Fateme Hasandoost

Keyword(s):

Workplace Violence ◽

Physical Violence ◽

Medical Center ◽

Statistical Tests ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Exact Test ◽

Medical Centers ◽

Verbal Violence

Abstract BackgroundViolence in the workplace is one of the most important risk factors worldwide. Nurses are always exposed to all kinds of violence due to their presence and activity in medical centers and direct contact with patients and their companions, as well as exposure to various stressors. The aim of this study was to determine the violence against nurses working in Razi educational and medical center in Rasht, Guilan.MethodsThe present study was an analytical cross-sectional study that was performed on 112 nurses working in Razi educational and medical centers in Rasht by convenience sampling method. The instrument used includes a questionnaire to assess workplace violence in medical settings, which has been used in several Iranian studies and has been psychometric assessed by Najafi et al, In Iran. After collecting the data and entering into the SPSS software version 22, they will be evaluated through descriptive and inferential statistical tests (Chi-square, independent t-test and Fisher's exact test). The level of significance was considered as P<0.05.ResultsThe findings of this study showed that 11.1% of nurses experienced physical violence and 55.7% of them experienced verbal violence. Verbal violence is often caused by the patient's companions and physical violence is often caused by the patient, and in the majority of cases, those who did not report the violence attributed it to the uselessness of the report. In addition, the findings showed that there is a statistically significant relationship between education level and verbal violence (p = 0.02) and between work status (p = 0.02) and marital status (p = 0.02) with physical violence.ConclusionThe results of the study show that during the pandemic of COVID-19, verbal and physical violence for nurses occurred in several occasions, which requires the authorities to take effective measures to reduce the incidence of violence in hospitals.

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Perceived workplace violence reported by nurses enrolled in B.Sc Nursing degree programme at KIU, Sri Lanka

International Journal of KIU ◽

10.37966/ijkiu2021022015 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 57-63

Author(s):

I Ali ◽

H Shaheedha ◽

J Ahmed ◽

A Irufa ◽

S Ibrahim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sri Lanka ◽

Workplace Violence ◽

Physical Violence ◽

Violent Behavior ◽

Physical Assault ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Degree Programme ◽

Racial Harassment ◽

Verbal Violence

Background: Workplace violence (WPV) can be defined as a violent act directed towards workers, including physical assault, threat of assault and verbal abuse and it is widely recognized as having far-reaching consequences for workers’ health and safety. Nurses are the most vulnerable group for WPV. In recent years WPV against nurses has significantly increased, becoming a nationwide phenomenon across the hospital settings. Furthermore, it can impact the quality of patient care and reduce the efficiency and quality of the entire health system. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the perceived workplace violence reported by nurses enrolled in the B.Sc Nursing degree programme at KIU, Sri Lanka. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 306 undergraduate nurses in KIU. A pretested self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data which consisted of demographic information, the prevalence of WPV and factors associated with WPV. Data analysis was done with descriptive statistics and chi-square test using SPSS version 23. Ethical approval was obtained from the Ethics Review Committee of KIU (KIU/ERC/20/05). Results: The majority of participants were females (97.4%, n=298), aged between 20-30 years (61.4%, n=188) and had working experience of <5 years (63.7%, n=195). The prevalence of workplace violence was 75.5%, n=231. The commonest type of reported violence was verbal violence (87.8%, n=203) followed by emotional violence (65%, n=150), physical violence (15%, n=35), sexual violence (3.8%, n=9) and racial harassment (2.1%, n=5). Medical and Surgical wards (39.6%, n=91) were the most frequent working areas where nurses faced violent behavior. The perpetrators were found to be supervisors (73.1%, n=168), patients’ relatives (53.2%, n=122), and patients (52.3%, n=120). The working unit of the nurses (p< 0.001), designation (p<0.001), number of night duties per month (p=0.019), and ability to access the ward without permission (p=0.042) were significantly associated with WPV among nurses. Conclusion: The study concluded that the prevalence of WPV was high among nurses while verbal violence from nursing supervisors was the most common WPV. Therefore, it is mandatory to place appropriate measures to prevent the WPV among nurses.

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Workplace violence against healthcare professionals in a multiethnic area: a cross-sectional study in southwest China

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2020-037464 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (9) ◽

pp. e037464

Author(s):

Haonan Jia ◽

Huiying Fang ◽

Ruohui Chen ◽

Mingli Jiao ◽

Lifeng Wei ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ethnic Minority ◽

Workplace Violence ◽

Healthcare Professionals ◽

Minority Groups ◽

Physical Violence ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Security Measures ◽

Psychological Violence ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional

ObjectiveThe purpose of this study is to examine workplace violence (WPV) towards healthcare professionals in a multiethnic area in China, including prevalence, influencing factors, healthcare professionals’ response to WPV, expected antiviolence training measures and content, and evaluation of WPV interventions.DesignA cross-sectional study.SettingA grade III, class A hospital in the capital of Yunnan Province, which is the province with the most diverse ethnic minority groups in China.ParticipantsIn total, 2036 healthcare professionals participated, with a response rate of 83.79%.ResultsThe prevalence of physical and psychological violence was 5.5% and 43.7%, respectively. Healthcare professionals of ethnic minority were more likely to experience psychological violence (OR=1.54, 95% CI 1.16 to 2.05). Stratified by gender, male healthcare professionals of ethnic minority suffered from more physical violence (OR=3.31, 95% CI 1.12 to 9.79), while female healthcare professionals suffered from psychological violence (OR=1.71, 95% CI 1.24 to 2.36). We also found a unique work situation in China: overtime duty on-call work (18:00–07:00) was a risk factor for psychological violence (OR=1.40, 95% CI 1.02 to 1.93). Healthcare professionals of ethnic minority are less likely to order perpetrators to stop or to report to superiors when faced with psychological violence. They are also more interested in receiving training in force skills and self-defence. Both Han and ethnic minority participants considered security measures as the most useful intervention, while changing the time of shift the most useless one.ConclusionOur study comprehensively described WPV towards healthcare professionals in a multiethnic minority area. More research on WPV conducted in multiethnic areas is needed.

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Global Prevalence of Workplace Violence Against Paramedics: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Health in Emergencies & Disasters Quarterly ◽

10.32598/hdq.6.4.259.3 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 6 (4) ◽

pp. 205-216

Author(s):

Hamidreza Shabanikiya ◽

◽

Fatemeh Kokabisaghi ◽

Morteza Mojtabaeian ◽

Tara Sahebi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sexual Harassment ◽

Workplace Violence ◽

Service Providers ◽

Physical Violence ◽

Prehospital Care ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Group Analysis ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Verbal Violence ◽

Meta Analyses

Background: Violence is increasing in societies and workplaces around the world. This study aimed to review the literature on violence against paramedics in the prehospital setting and estimate the related exposure rates and types. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted based on the guidelines of systematic reviews and meta-analyses. The literature on the prevalence of workplace violence against paramedics published from January 1990 to September 2019 was searched in PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, ProQuest, and Embase databases. The prevalence of violence was measured by using the random-effects model in Stata software. Sub-group analysis and meta-regression models were applied to explain the sources of heterogeneities. Results: The prevalence of overall violence, physical violence, verbal violence, and sexual harassment among study subjects were calculated to be 0.66 (95% CI CI: 0.20-1.11), 0.25 (CI: 0.16- 0.34), 0.58 (CI: 0.29-0.86) and 0.16 (CI: 0.09-0.22), respectively. There was no significant difference between male and female paramedics in terms of violence types. However, the prevalence of sexual harassment among women was higher than men (24% vs. 6%). The highest rate of physical violence and sexual harassment belonged to Europe and North America, while they had the lowest verbal violence. Asia and Australia had the lowest rate of physical violence and sexual harassment. Conclusion: Prehospital emergency service providers face a higher risk of potential exposure to violence in health care settings. This issue necessitates the special attention of prehospital care administrators to reduce the risk and related consequences of workplace violence by taking effective measures.

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Mental Health and Social Function Among Women Subjected to Intimate Partner Violence: A Cross-Sectional Study

ACTA MEDICA IRANICA ◽

10.18502/acta.v57i9.2638 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Leila Amini ◽

Maryam Heidary ◽

Hamidreza Daneshparvar ◽

Homa Sadeghi Avval Shahr ◽

Abbas Mehran ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Intimate Partner Violence ◽

Partner Violence ◽

Physical Violence ◽

Social Function ◽

Intimate Partner ◽

Depression Symptoms ◽

Psychological Violence ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Verbal Violence

Intimate partner violence is a serious public health problem in all societies that affects all aspects of the victim’s health, especially mental health. The present study aimed to determine the relationship between intimate partner violence and mental health among Iranian women who referred to the Forensic Medicine Center in Tehran. This cross-sectional study was done on 196 married women who referred to the south center of Forensic Medicine in Tehran. Data were collected in 2013 by using three questionnaires: a demographic questionnaire, CTS-2, and GHQ-28. Data analyzed by using SPSS-14 software. The age of participants was 29.9±6.3 years (range 18-57 years). Most women were housekeepers (73%) with moderate economic status (48.5%). Physical violence had the highest mean score (37.29±16.80); and after that, highest mean scores are related to Psychological violence 29.37±7.01, verbal violence 14.83±8.15, Physical violence leading to injury 14.47±6.85, and sexual violence 8.38±7.36, respectively. Verbal violence didn’t show any relation with all subscales of mental health. The somatic and anxiety symptoms were significantly correlated to total, and all violence subscales score (P<0.001). Also, social function was correlated to total violence score (P=0.032), Sexual (P=0.002), and psychological violence (P=0.025). Depression symptoms were correlated to total violence score (P<0.001), physical leading to damage violence (P<0.001), Sexual violence (P<0.001), Psychological violence (P=0.002), and physical violence (P<0.001). Our results showed IPV is related to the mental health of battered women, but verbal violence didn’t show any statistical relationship with somatic, anxiety, and depression symptoms and social function.

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“Prevalence and Source of Various Types of Workplace Violence among Healthcare Professionals in the Public Hospitals of Karachi” A Cross-Sectional Survey

Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International ◽

10.9734/jpri/2021/v33i49b33347 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 111-120

Author(s):

Jai Dev Maheshwari ◽

Sidra Zaheer ◽

Greesh Kumar Maheshwari ◽

Kiran Khan ◽

Syeda Batool ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Public Sector ◽

Sexual Harassment ◽

Workplace Violence ◽

Physical Violence ◽

Male Gender ◽

Public Hospitals ◽

Categorical Variables ◽

Medical Doctors ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Racial Harassment

Objectives: To determine the prevalence of violence among medical doctors in public sector hospitals of Karachi relating to physical violence, psychological violence (verbal and bullying/mobbing), sexual harassment and racial harassment). Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out in three public sector hospitals in Karachi (JPMC, Civil Hospital and Sindh Government Lyari General Hospital Karachi). Medical doctors of any age and gender who worked in outpatient departments, wards, and emergency departments were eligible to participate in the study. A validated WHO-designed questionnaire was used, with questions about exposure to violence, the source and types of violence, and socio-demographic information. In descriptive statistics, frequencies and percentages were reported for all categorical variables. The Chi-square and Fisher's exact tests were used to investigate the relationship between workplace violence and other types of violence. Results: 350 questionnaires were distributed to qualified medical doctors in total. Only 300 of them responded, for an 85.7 percent response rate. The majority of respondents were under the age of 40, and male gender was slightly more exposed to violence. The majority of the doctors were subjected to verbal abuse as well as bullying and mobbing. Conclusion: It was then concluded that any type of violence was common in doctors aged >35 years and male gender was more exposed to any violence as compare to female gander. The main type of violence was verbal violence in our study, whereas racial harassment and sexual harassment was also seen.

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Workplace Violence in Social Care Settings: Traumatic Stress and Burnout in Staff

DBS Business Review ◽

10.22375/dbr.v3i0.62 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 3 ◽

Author(s):

Daniel Dowling ◽

Prakashini Banka

Keyword(s):

Traumatic Stress ◽

Workplace Violence ◽

Social Care ◽

Physical Violence ◽

Maslach Burnout Inventory ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Demographic Questionnaire ◽

Care Workers ◽

Positive Correlations ◽

Quantitative Correlational Study

The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between frequency of exposure to physical violence/aggression and traumatic stress and burnout in social care workers (SCWs). One hundred SCWs were surveyed using non-experimental, cross-sectional, quantitative correlational study design with three questionnaires: Demographic Questionnaire, Revised Impact of Events Scale and Maslach Burnout Inventory. Responses were analysed using SPSS quantitative software and utilised descriptive statistics, and non-parametric correlational tests. Results indicated statistically significant positive relationships between the frequency of exposure to physical aggression/violence and traumatic stress and burnout measures. Results also indicated significant positive correlations between traumatic stress and burnout. Furthermore, exposure to workplace violence/aggression, traumatic stress, and burnout also positively correlated with SCWs desire to leave the profession in the next five years. Finally, results indicated a significant relationship between frequency of self-care and levels of traumatic stress and burnout subscales in SCWs.)

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Drug use and Visual-Motor Integration in a Sample of Hispanic Women

Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology ◽

10.1093/arclin/acz029.16 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 34 (7) ◽

pp. 1249-1249

Author(s):

B Diaz

Keyword(s):

Puerto Rican ◽

Illicit Drugs ◽

Drug Consumption ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Puerto Rican Women ◽

Visual Motor Integration ◽

Neurocognitive Functions ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Visual Motor ◽

The Impact

Abstract Objective The use of illicit drugs has increased dramatically over the past two decades among Hispanics. Neurocognitive impairments and morphological alterations have been linked to the use of drugs among the Hispanic population. However, even when increased attention is paid to the impact of drug consumption on neurocognitive functions among Hispanics, the majority of publications have been limited to male samples. This is relatively important, considering that women who consume illicit drugs appear to be more vulnerable in developing drug dependence and exhibit more neurocognitive impairment when compared to men. The present study aims to determine the impact of drug consumption in the visual-motor integration in a sample of Puerto Rican women. Our hypothesis was that Puerto Rican women who consume illicit drugs would perform poorly on visual-motor integration when compared to non-consumers. Participants and Method A total of 59 Puerto Rican women participated in this cross-sectional study. The participants were divided into three groups according to the criteria of: consumers, non-consumers, and abstinence. To evaluate the visual-motor integration, we administered the neuropsychological Bender-Gestalt-II test to all participants. Results A Kruskal-Wallis analysis revealed that there was a statically significant difference in the visual-motor integration between groups (H(2) = 12.69, p = 0.02), with a mean rank of 28 for consumers, 40 for non-consumers, and 21 for abstinence group. However, there was no significant difference between the abstinence and consumer groups in their visual-motor integration (p = .217). Conclusions These results suggest that the use of drugs can impact some neurocognitive functions, such as visual-motor integration in women, and can lead to a decline in such functions- even after sustained abstinence.

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Workplace violence against physicians and medical students in west part of Iran

International Journal of Human Rights in Healthcare ◽

10.1108/ijhrh-07-2018-0049 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 116-123 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Abdorrahim Afkhamzadeh ◽

Amjad Mohamadi Bolbanabad ◽

Bayan Moloudi ◽

Hossein Safari ◽

Bakhtiar Piroozi

Keyword(s):

Logistic Regression ◽

Medical Students ◽

Workplace Violence ◽

Physical Violence ◽

Significant Risk ◽

Verbal Abuse ◽

Teaching Hospitals ◽

Related Factors ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Content Type

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to survey the prevalence of exposure to workplace violence (WPV) including physical violence, verbal abuse, bullying as well as its related factors among physicians and medical students attending teaching hospitals of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences (KUMS). Design/methodology/approach This is a descriptive analytic as well as a cross-sectional study which was carried out on all physicians (general and specialists) and medical students attending teaching hospitals of KUMS in 2014. Overall, 400 participated in this study and data were gathered using a standard questionnaire. Then, data were analyzed using SPSS 20, χ2 and Fisher’s exact tests as well as univariate and adjusted logistic regression. Findings The prevalence of physical violence, verbal abuse and bullying among medical students was reported 4.5, 59 and 0.8 percent, respectively. In addition, the prevalence of these violence among general practitioners was 6.9, 72.4 and 0 percent, respectively. Moreover, 11.5, 42.3 and 3.8 percent of specialists had experienced physical violence, verbal abuse and bullying, respectively. Patients and their relatives were the main sources of the violence. Based on the results of multivariate logistic regression, male sex (AOR=2.60, CI: 1.56–4.32) and having shift work (AOR=3.13, CI: 1.67–5.84) were the most significant risk factors for total WPV. Originality/value The WPV experienced by physicians and medical students attending teaching hospitals of MUK is high. Health sector authorities should develop and implement proper strategies and interventions aiming at reducing or preventing from incidence of WPV.

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Relationships between nurses’ experiences of workplace violence, emotional exhaustion and patient safety

Journal of Research in Nursing ◽

10.1177/1744987120960200 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 174498712096020

Author(s):

Sinhye Kim ◽

Celeste Mayer ◽

Cheryl B Jones

Keyword(s):

Patient Safety ◽

Emotional Exhaustion ◽

Workplace Violence ◽

Physical Violence ◽

Patient Safety Culture ◽

Healthcare Research ◽

Verbal Abuse ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Academic Medical Centre ◽

Safety Perceptions

Background The rising rate of workplace violence in hospitals is a serious concern. While leading organisations recommend implementing interventions to address workplace violence, little is known about the workplace violence relationship between patients and visitors, and how it affects nurses’ emotional exhaustion and their perceptions of patient safety. Aims The study’s purpose was to understand the status of workplace violence in hospitals and the relationships between nurses’ experiences of workplace violence, emotional exhaustion, and perceptions of patient safety. Methods This cross-sectional analysis used data from a survey conducted at a large academic medical centre using the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture plus additional measures of workplace violence and emotional exhaustion. Results Nurses reported more occurrences of verbal violence than physical violence. Nurses’ experiences of workplace violence negatively affect nurses’ emotional exhaustion and patient-safety perceptions. Moreover, nurses’ emotional exhaustion mediated the relationship between verbal abuse and patient-safety perceptions. Conclusions Interventions to reduce nurses’ emotional exhaustion and strengthen resilience can mitigate the negative effects of verbal abuse and to some extent the effects of physical violence.

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