Workplace violence against physicians and medical students in west part of Iran

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to survey the prevalence of exposure to workplace violence (WPV) including physical violence, verbal abuse, bullying as well as its related factors among physicians and medical students attending teaching hospitals of Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences (KUMS). Design/methodology/approach This is a descriptive analytic as well as a cross-sectional study which was carried out on all physicians (general and specialists) and medical students attending teaching hospitals of KUMS in 2014. Overall, 400 participated in this study and data were gathered using a standard questionnaire. Then, data were analyzed using SPSS 20, χ2 and Fisher’s exact tests as well as univariate and adjusted logistic regression. Findings The prevalence of physical violence, verbal abuse and bullying among medical students was reported 4.5, 59 and 0.8 percent, respectively. In addition, the prevalence of these violence among general practitioners was 6.9, 72.4 and 0 percent, respectively. Moreover, 11.5, 42.3 and 3.8 percent of specialists had experienced physical violence, verbal abuse and bullying, respectively. Patients and their relatives were the main sources of the violence. Based on the results of multivariate logistic regression, male sex (AOR=2.60, CI: 1.56–4.32) and having shift work (AOR=3.13, CI: 1.67–5.84) were the most significant risk factors for total WPV. Originality/value The WPV experienced by physicians and medical students attending teaching hospitals of MUK is high. Health sector authorities should develop and implement proper strategies and interventions aiming at reducing or preventing from incidence of WPV.

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Relationships between nurses’ experiences of workplace violence, emotional exhaustion and patient safety

Journal of Research in Nursing ◽

10.1177/1744987120960200 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 174498712096020

Author(s):

Sinhye Kim ◽

Celeste Mayer ◽

Cheryl B Jones

Keyword(s):

Patient Safety ◽

Emotional Exhaustion ◽

Workplace Violence ◽

Physical Violence ◽

Patient Safety Culture ◽

Healthcare Research ◽

Verbal Abuse ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Academic Medical Centre ◽

Safety Perceptions

Background The rising rate of workplace violence in hospitals is a serious concern. While leading organisations recommend implementing interventions to address workplace violence, little is known about the workplace violence relationship between patients and visitors, and how it affects nurses’ emotional exhaustion and their perceptions of patient safety. Aims The study’s purpose was to understand the status of workplace violence in hospitals and the relationships between nurses’ experiences of workplace violence, emotional exhaustion, and perceptions of patient safety. Methods This cross-sectional analysis used data from a survey conducted at a large academic medical centre using the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture plus additional measures of workplace violence and emotional exhaustion. Results Nurses reported more occurrences of verbal violence than physical violence. Nurses’ experiences of workplace violence negatively affect nurses’ emotional exhaustion and patient-safety perceptions. Moreover, nurses’ emotional exhaustion mediated the relationship between verbal abuse and patient-safety perceptions. Conclusions Interventions to reduce nurses’ emotional exhaustion and strengthen resilience can mitigate the negative effects of verbal abuse and to some extent the effects of physical violence.

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Domestic violence against women in west of Iran: the prevalence and related factors

International Journal of Human Rights in Healthcare ◽

10.1108/ijhrh-12-2018-0080 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (5) ◽

pp. 364-372

Author(s):

Abdorrahim Afkhamzadeh ◽

Namam-Ali Azadi ◽

Shirin Ziaeei ◽

Amjad Mohamadi-Bolbanabad

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Domestic Violence ◽

Violence Against Women ◽

Physical Violence ◽

Self Report ◽

Related Factors ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Content Type ◽

Screening Programs ◽

Domestic Violence Against Women

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to determine the prevalence of domestic violence against women and its related factors in Sanandaj, west of Iran. Design/methodology/approach This is a cross-sectional study conducted in 2016. The sample consisted of 360 women who referred to two educational hospitals in Sanandaj. The data collection tool was a self-report questionnaire. A multivariate logistic regression was used to determine the risk factors of domestic violence against women. Findings The prevalence of “any form of violence” in the past year was 71 percent (n=245). The prevalence of emotional, sexual and physical violence was 62.2 percent (n=225), 48.7 percent (n=168) and 49.9 percent (n=172), respectively. Multivariate logistic regressions revealed that the “any form of violence” has significant association with occupation of women, economic status of family and the status of sexual satisfaction of couples. Originality/value The prevalence of domestic violence against women is high and alarming in Sanandaj, Iran. Given the relationship between experience of violence and sexual dissatisfaction, sexual education before and after marriage is recommended for couples. Also, the experience of exposure to violence in women can be included in health centers as screening programs. In this way, couples who have risk factors will receive the educational programs.

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Physical violence and verbal abuse against nurses working with risk stratification: characteristics, related factors, and consequences

Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem ◽

10.1590/0034-7167-2019-0882 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 73 (suppl 5) ◽

Author(s):

Joyce Borges Ceballos ◽

Oleci Pereira Frota ◽

Hevelyn Francielle Soares Souto Nunes ◽

Patricia Lima Ávalos ◽

Camila de Carvalho Krügel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Stratification ◽

Quantitative Study ◽

Emergency Services ◽

Physical Violence ◽

Verbal Abuse ◽

Years Of Experience ◽

Inferential Statistics ◽

Related Factors ◽

Cross Sectional

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze the characteristics, related factors, and consequences of physical violence and verbal abuse against nurses working with risk stratification. Methods: a cross-sectional, descriptive and quantitative study carried out with 80 nurses who work with risk stratification in emergency services. Data were collected using an adapted instrument and analyzed using (uni)bivariate inferential statistics. Results: companions were the main perpetrators of verbal abuse (86.1%); and patients inflicted physical violence (100%). Professionals with up to five years of experience are 74% less likely to suffer physical violence (p=0.029). Women suffer 5.83 times more verbal abuse than men (p=0.026). Sadness (15.8%) and fear of the aggressor (15.3%) were the main consequences of verbal abuse; and fear of the aggressor (22.2%) and stress (22.2%) were results of physical violence. Conclusion: violence is influenced by institutional, professional and client aspects. Therefore, coping with it requires multidimensional strategies.

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Workplace violence against medical students- A Turkish perspective

Journal of Ideas in Health ◽

10.47108/jidhealth.vol2.iss1.12 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 70-74

Author(s):

Alperen Ince ◽

Perihan Torun ◽

Saad Ahmed Ali Jadoo

Keyword(s):

Medical Students ◽

Workplace Violence ◽

Medical Training ◽

Physical Violence ◽

Healthcare Providers ◽

Health Sector ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Study Data ◽

Outpatient Services ◽

Cross Sectional

Background: Workplace violence against healthcare providers including the medical students being an important issue all over the world. The aim of this study is to survey the medical students about exposure to workplace violence (WPV) while they are doing their medical training in private tertiary hospitals. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study carried out among all medical students (4th, 5th, and 6th class) attending a teaching hospital at Bezmialem Vakif University (BVU), Istanbul, Turkey. A total of 150 students in the 2017-2018 academic year were recruited in this study. Data were collected using a modified questionnaire through a face to face interview. Data were analyzed using SPSS 16. Results: About one-third of the surveyed students (54, 36.0%) exposed to violence and 71.3% of them witnessed incidents of violence against healthcare providers at the workplace. The prevalence of physical violence and verbal abuse among medical students was reported at 5.5% and 92.6% respectively. About 81.5% were females compared to 18.5% of their counterparts. Patients (38.9%) and their relatives (61.1%) were the main sources of the violence respectively. More than half (57.0%) of students exposed to violence at outpatient services and 25.9% at the emergency room and 16.7% at inpatient wards. Few of them (22, 14.7%) thought that they will get support if they make a complaint. Conclusion: Being a medical student and has direct contact with patients and their relative is not always safe practice. Our results suggested a high prevalence of verbal and physical abuse against medical students. Health sector authorities should adopt a restrictive and clear strategy to protect medical students and other healthcare providers.

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Assessing longitudinal and cross-sectional effects of age on adult obesity in an Iranian population: results from a large population-based cohort study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-21244/v2 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Mahsa Rafiee Alhossaini ◽

Anoshirvan Kazemnejad ◽

Farid Zayeri ◽

Masoumeh Sadeghi

Keyword(s):

Logistic Regression ◽

Cohort Study ◽

Large Population ◽

Significant Risk ◽

Repeated Measurements ◽

Noncommunicable Diseases ◽

Public Health Issue ◽

Related Factors ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Longitudinal Effects

Abstract BackgroundObesity is a significant risk factor for noncommunicable diseases, and it is related to many adverse health consequences. The risk of obesity commonly changes with age, which is called a longitudinal (aging) effect. Also, individuals enter the study of the same age have similar living conditions that may influence their obesity risk in a particular way; this is a cross-sectional effect.ObjectiveTo assess the cross-sectional and longitudinal effects of age, using a Marginal Logistic Regression (MLR) model.MethodsIn the current study, we used the information of individuals who had participated in the Isfahan Cohort Study (ICS). Participants were a large group of Iranian adults over 35 years of age in 2001, who lived in the central region of Iran. They were followed up for 12 years. Repeated measurements of obesity were obtained in 2001, 2007, and 2013. The Marginal Logistic Regression model including the effects of the age at baseline and its difference with current age, is used.ResultsFrom 2001 to 2013, the percentage of obesity in men and women has raised from 13% to 18% and from 31% to 44%, respectively. Both cross-sectional and longitudinal effects of age were significantly associated with the odds ratio of obesity. There was a rise in the probability of obesity for individuals with baseline age 35 to 60 and a decline for the older ones. Furthermore, the odds of obesity had about 2% increase (on average) by each year of aging, regardless of the baseline age.ConclusionThe high frequency of obese individuals and its fast growth has been a serious public health issue among Iranians adults aged 35-60 years, especially in women. To better understand the effect of age on obesity and identify the related factors, both cross-sectional and longitudinal effects of age should be considered.

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Nurses’ Experience With Type II Workplace Violence and Underreporting During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Workplace Health & Safety ◽

10.1177/21650799211031233 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 216507992110312

Author(s):

Ha Do Byon ◽

Knar Sagherian ◽

Yeonsu Kim ◽

Jane Lipscomb ◽

Mary Crandall ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Workplace Violence ◽

Online Survey ◽

Physical Violence ◽

Significant Proportion ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Verbal Abuse ◽

Type Ii ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Safety And Health

Background Type II (customer-on-worker) workplace violence (WPV) against nurses and its underreporting are ongoing safety and health challenges in health care. The COVID-19 pandemic has strained patients and nurses and, in turn, may have increased WPV. The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to describe and compare a sample of nurses’ reported prevalence of Type II WPV and their reporting of these events during the pandemic. Methods Data from an online survey of registered nurses ( N = 373) working in hospitals were included. Prevalence was calculated for physical violence and verbal abuse, and their reporting of these events, including the experience of violence between nurses who did and did not care for patients with COVID-19. Findings Overall, 44.4% and 67.8% of the nurses reported experiencing physical violence and verbal abuse, respectively, between February and May/June 2020. Nurses who provided care for patients with COVID-19 experienced more physical violence (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 2.18, 95% confidence interval [CI] = [1.30, 3.67]) and verbal abuse (aOR = 2.10, 95% CI = [1.22, 3.61]) than nurses who did not care for these patients. One in 10 nurses felt reporting the incident was more difficult during the pandemic. Conclusion/Application to Practice A significant proportion of nurses who cared for patients with COVID-19 experienced more physical violence and verbal abuse, and more difficulty in reporting to management. As the pandemic continues, health care organizations need to recognize that workers may be at an elevated risk for experiencing WPV and may be less likely to report, resulting in an urgent need for prevention efforts on their part.

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Depressive symptoms and workplace-violence-related risk factors among otorhinolaryngology nurses and physicians in Northern China: a cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2017-019514 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. e019514 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Huiying Fang ◽

Xiaowen Zhao ◽

Haicheng Yang ◽

Peihang Sun ◽

Ying Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Workplace Violence ◽

Physical Violence ◽

Northern China ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Related Factors ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Related Risk

ObjectivesWorkplace violence is relatively frequent among medical professionals who work in otorhinolaryngology units. This phenomenon reduces the quality of provided medical care and increases the incidence of depressive symptoms among physicians and nurses, seriously affecting their job satisfaction and work efficiency with a negative attitude towards providing treatment. Few existing studies have assessed workplace-violence-related factors associated with depressive symptoms among otorhinolaryngology physicians and nurses.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study in grade A tertiary hospitals of Heilongjiang province in Northern China, to evaluate the occurrence and level of depressive symptoms among otorhinolaryngology physicians and nurses and to analyse the relationship between them and workplace-violence-related risk factors and demographic variables.ResultsOf all our participating professionals, (379 otorhinolaryngologists and 273 nurses), 57.2% were found to have depressive symptoms, whereas, of the respondents who had suffered from physical violence, 71.25% had depressive symptoms. Professionals with less than 1 year of experience, as well as professionals who more frequently worked alone, were more likely to suffer from depressive symptoms than their colleagues.ConclusionsThis research addresses an emerging issue of clinical practice, and its results differ from those of previous studies; specifically, it indicates that the frequency of depressive symptoms among otorhinolaryngology physicians and nurses may be influenced by physical violence, the number of coworkers they have for more than half of their working hours and other workplace-violence-related factors. To reduce the depressive symptoms caused by workplace violence and improve the quality of medical services, medical institutions should implement effective measures to prevent the occurrence of physical violence, strengthen team cooperation ability and increase peer support.

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COVID-19-Related Changes in Perceived Household Food Waste in the United States: A Cross-Sectional Descriptive Study

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18031104 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (3) ◽

pp. 1104

Author(s):

Kelly Cosgrove ◽

Maricarmen Vizcaino ◽

Christopher Wharton

Keyword(s):

Logistic Regression ◽

Food Waste ◽

The United States ◽

Food Groups ◽

Related Factors ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Household Level ◽

Binomial Logistic Regression ◽

Household Food ◽

Fresh Vegetables

Food waste contributes to adverse environmental and economic outcomes, and substantial food waste occurs at the household level in the US. This study explored perceived household food waste changes during the COVID-19 pandemic and related factors. A total of 946 survey responses from primary household food purchasers were analyzed. Demographic, COVID-19-related household change, and household food waste data were collected in October 2020. Wilcoxon signed-rank was used to assess differences in perceived food waste. A hierarchical binomial logistic regression analysis was conducted to examine whether COVID-19-related lifestyle disruptions and food-related behavior changes increased the likelihood of household food waste. A binomial logistic regression was conducted to explore the contribution of different food groups to the likelihood of increased food waste. Perceived food waste, assessed as the estimated percent of food wasted, decreased significantly during the pandemic (z = −7.47, p < 0.001). Food stockpiling was identified as a predictor of increased overall food waste during the pandemic, and wasting fresh vegetables and frozen foods increased the odds of increased food waste. The results indicate the need to provide education and resources related to food stockpiling and the management of specific food groups during periods of disruption to reduce food waste.

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Associations Between Workplace Violence, Mental Health, and Physical Health among Korean Workers: The Fifth Korean Working Conditions Survey

Workplace Health & Safety ◽

10.1177/21650799211023863 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 216507992110238

Author(s):

Hae Ran Kim

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Physical Health ◽

Shift Work ◽

Working Conditions ◽

Workplace Violence ◽

Physical Violence ◽

Health And Safety ◽

Verbal Abuse ◽

Safety Education ◽

Mental And Physical Health

Background: Workplace violence (WPV) is a global public health problem and a threat to the health of Korean workers. This study assessed the prevalence and risk factors of WPV and its association with mental and physical health among Korean workers. Methods: Data obtained for 50,205 respondents to the Fifth Korean Working Conditions Survey were utilized for this study. Verbal abuse, threats, physical violence, and sexual harassment were assessed individually and as a composite for “any WPV.” Workers were characterized by education, income, shift work status, access to a health and safety education program, work sector and overall health. Descriptive analyses and multiple logistic regression analyses were used to estimate the prevalence of WPV and its association with mental and physical health. Findings: Overall, 5.6% of workers reported experiencing one of four forms of WPV. The prevalence of verbal abuse, threats, physical violence, and sexual harassment were 4.9%, 0.7%, 0.2%, and 1.1%, respectively. Most perpetrators were customers. Prevalence of WPV was associated with lower education level, poor health status, long working hours, shift work, and no experience of health and safety education; 9.0% of service workers experienced violence. Workers who had experienced WPV were more likely to experience anxiety, sleep-related problems, depressive symptoms, back pain, headache/eye strain, and overall fatigue. Conclusions/Applications to Practice: Workplace violence is a serious occupational and public health concern in Korea. These results suggest managing WPV may improve workers’ well-being and that violence-prevention strategies, policies, and regulations should be implemented across most industries.

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A cross sectional study: The association between sleeping quality and stress among second and third medical students at the University of Jordan

The International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine ◽

10.1177/00912174211011287 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 009121742110112

Author(s):

AA Toubasi ◽

BR Khraisat ◽

RB AbuAnzeh ◽

HM Kalbouneh

Keyword(s):

Logistic Regression ◽

Medical Students ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Regular Exercise ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Mean ◽

University Of Jordan ◽

The University

Objective Medicine is considered one if not the most stressful educational field. Thus, the aim of this study is to investigate the prevalence of stress and poor sleeping quality among medical students and the association between them. Method This cross-sectional study was conducted at the University of Jordan on second- and third-year medical students. The questionnaire consisted of: 1) Demographics; 2) The assessment tools which were Pittsburgh Quality of Sleep Index (PSQI) and Kessler Psychological Distress Status (K10). Binary logistic regression, chi-square and linear regression were used to investigate the association between PSQI, K10, and their determinants. Results The mean for PSQI score was 6.76 ± 3.32. PSQI scores interpretation revealed that 61.7% of the 282 participants of this study were poor sleepers. Logistic regression results showed that only the category of not napping at all from the napping hours variable was significantly associated with sleeping quality. Furthermore, the mean of K10 scores was 24.5 ± 8.5. K10 scores revealed that 66.3% of the participants were stressed. Logistic regression results showed that gender and regular exercise were significantly associated with psychological distress. Additionally, chi-square test, logistic regression and linear regression showed that PSQI was significantly associated with K10 (P <0.01). Conclusions Stress and poor sleeping quality in medical students at the University of Jordan were highly prevalent and strongly associated. What determined PSQI was daytime napping, and for K10 were regular exercise and gender. Further investigations into stress and sleep quality in the Arabian region are needed.

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