Diversity and genetic structure in natural populations of Geonoma schottiana Mart (arecaceae): implications for conservation

Geonoma schottiana is an underbrush palm which is found in high densities in tropical forests. This species is known for having an asynchronous fruit producing pattern, over all seasons of the year, thus being an important food source for frugivores. This work aims to determine the diversity and spatial genetic structure of two natural populations, referred to as MC I and MC II, of which 60 individuals were sampled, in Poço Bonito Biological Reserve, Lavras, Minas Gerais state. Results of 10 polymorphic isozyme loci indicated a high genetic diversity for the species (Ĥe= 0.428 and Ĥo = 0.570), with an mean number of alleles per locus of 2.0. Estimates of Cockerham's coancestry coefficients indicated an absence of intrapopulation (<img border=0 width=28 height=24 src="../../../../../../img/revistas/cerne/v17n2/a06car02.jpg" > or = -0.343) and interpopulation inbreeding (<img border=0 width=26 height=26 src="../../../../../../img/revistas/cerne/v17n2/a06car01.jpg" > or = -0.161), suggesting that on average populations are not endogamous. A high genetic divergence was found between populations (<img border=0 width=26 height=27 src="../../../../../../img/revistas/cerne/v17n2/a06car03.jpg"> = 13.5%), in comparison to most tropical species (<5%). Consequently, the estimated historical gene flow was low (<img border=0 width=26 height=27 src="../../../../../../img/revistas/cerne/v17n2/a06car04.jpg">m = 0.40). The analysis of spatial distribution of G. schottiana genotypes in MCI revealed a random distribution of genotypes. The high genetic diversity indices found suggest that the populations in question favor in situ genetic conservation, consequently favoring the conservation of riparian environments.

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ISSR analysis of two founding plant species on the volcanic island Surtsey, Iceland: grass versus shrub

Surtsey research ◽

10.33112/surtsey.13.2 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 13 ◽

pp. 17-30 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Agnieszka Sutkowska ◽

Kesara Anamthawat-Jónsson ◽

Borgthór Magnússon ◽

Wojciech Bąba ◽

Józef R. Mitka

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Genetic Structure ◽

Spatial Genetic Structure ◽

Diversity Indices ◽

Inter Simple Sequence Repeat ◽

Issr Markers ◽

Plant Colonization ◽

Common Source ◽

High Genetic Diversity ◽

Early Arrival

Prior to the present study there was limited knowledge about the genetic basis of plant colonization on the 50-year-old island of Surtsey, South Iceland. The aim here was to compare genetic structure of two contrasting species, Festuca rubra (arctic fescue) and Empetrum nigrum (crowberry), which have colonized Surtsey since 1973 and 1993, respectively. Inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers were used to assess genetic diversity and population structure. Two census periods were compared: 1996-1997 and 2005-2006. Using six ISSR primers, we obtained 103 and 139 discernible DNA fragments from F. rubra and E. nigrum respectively. Although the two species displayed similarly high genetic diversity indices (h = 0.238 and 0.235; I = 0.384 and 0.380, respectively), they differed significantly in their genetic profiles. Festuca was genetically structured at the subpopulation level (FST = 0.034, p = 0.007), whereas Empetrum showed a lack of genetic differentiation. A Bayesian STRUCTURE computation further revealed temporal and spatial genetic structure of the species. The early arrival grass F. rubra has expanded from a local genepool. The population was however initially established from different sources, forming a genetic melting pot on Surtsey. On the other hand, the late arrival shrub E. nigrum probably derived from a common source of immigrants.

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Population Genetic Structure and Genetic Diversity in Twisted-Jaw Fish, Belodontichthys truncatus Kottelat & Ng, 1999 (Siluriformes: Siluridae), from Mekong Basin

International Journal of Zoology ◽

10.1155/2017/5976421 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Surapon Yodsiri ◽

Komgrit Wongpakam ◽

Adisak Ardharn ◽

Chadaporn Senakun ◽

Sutthira Khumkratok

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Genetic Structure ◽

Demographic History ◽

Hydropower Plant ◽

Mekong River ◽

Demographic Expansion ◽

High Genetic Diversity ◽

History Analysis ◽

History Of ◽

Important Food Source

The Mekong River and its tributaries possess the second highest diversity in fish species in the world. However, the fish biodiversity in this river is threatened by several human activities, such as hydropower plant construction. Understanding the genetic diversity and genetic structure of the species is important for natural resource management. Belodontichthys truncatus Kottelat & Ng is endemic to the Mekong River basin and is an important food source for people in this area. In this study, the genetic diversity, genetic structure, and demographic history of the twisted-jaw fish, B. truncatus, were investigated using mitochondrial cytochrome b gene sequences. A total of 124 fish specimens were collected from 10 locations in the Mekong and its tributaries. Relatively high genetic diversity was found in populations of B. truncatus compared to other catfish species in the Mekong River. The genetic structure analysis revealed that a population from the Chi River in Thailand was genetically significantly different from other populations, which is possibly due to the effect of genetic drift. Demographic history analysis indicated that B. truncatus has undergone recent demographic expansion dating back to the end of the Pleistocene glaciation.

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Population genetics of the freshwater fish Prochilodus magdalenae (Characiformes: Prochilodontidae), using species-specific microsatellite loci

PeerJ ◽

10.7717/peerj.10327 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

pp. e10327

Author(s):

Ricardo M. Landínez-García ◽

Juan Carlos Narváez ◽

Edna J. Márquez

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Genetic Structure ◽

Freshwater Fish ◽

Microsatellite Loci ◽

Natural Populations ◽

Genetic Stock ◽

High Genetic Diversity ◽

Genetic Diversity And Structure ◽

Genetic Stocks ◽

Species Specific

Prochilodus magdalenae is a freshwater fish endemic to the Colombian Magdalena-Cauca and Caribbean hydrographic basins. The genetic structure patterns of populations of different members of Prochilodus and the historic restocking of its depleted natural populations suggest that P. magdalenae exhibits genetic stocks that coexist and co-migrate throughout the rivers Magdalena, Cauca, Cesar, Sinú and Atrato. To test this hypothesis and explore the levels of genetic diversity and population demography of 725 samples of P. magdalenae from the studied rivers, we developed a set of 11 species-specific microsatellite loci using next-generation sequencing, bioinformatics, and experimental tests of the levels of diversity of the microsatellite loci. The results evidenced that P. magdalenae exhibits high genetic diversity, significant inbreeding coefficient ranging from 0.162 to 0.202, and signs of erosion of the genetic pool. Additionally, the population genetic structure constitutes a mixture of genetic stocks heterogeneously distributed along the studied rivers, and moreover, a highly divergent genetic stock was detected in Chucurí, Puerto Berrío and Palagua that may result from restocking practices. This study provides molecular tools and a wide framework regarding the genetic diversity and structure of P. magdalenae, which is crucial to complement its baseline information, diagnosis and monitoring of populations, and to support the implementation of adequate regulation, management, and conservation policies.

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Mitochondrial DNA analysis reveals spatial genetic structure and high genetic diversity of Massicus raddei (Blessig) (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) in China

Ecology and Evolution ◽

10.1002/ece3.6799 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (20) ◽

pp. 11657-11670

Author(s):

Yufan Zhang ◽

Atif Manzoor ◽

Xiaoyi Wang

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Mitochondrial Dna ◽

Genetic Structure ◽

Dna Analysis ◽

Spatial Genetic Structure ◽

High Genetic Diversity ◽

Mitochondrial Dna Analysis

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Genetic Structure, Differentiation and Originality of Pinus sylvestris L. Populations in the East of the East European Plain

Forests ◽

10.3390/f12080999 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (8) ◽

pp. 999

Author(s):

Yulia Vasilyeva ◽

Nikita Chertov ◽

Yulia Nechaeva ◽

Yana Sboeva ◽

Nina Pystogova ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Genetic Structure ◽

Pinus Sylvestris ◽

Scots Pine ◽

Spatial Genetic Structure ◽

Natural Populations ◽

Geographic Location ◽

East European Plain ◽

Gene Pools ◽

East European

In order to carry out activities aimed at conservation and rational use of forest resources; it is necessary to study the main forest-forming plant species in detail. Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L., Pinaceae) is mainly found in the boreal forests of Eurasia and is not so often encountered in the east of the East European Plain. The aim of the study was to study the genetic diversity, structure and differentiation of Scots pine populations in the east of the East European Plain. We studied ten populations of P. sylvestris using the Inter Simple Sequence Repeats (ISSR)-based DNA polymorphism detection method. Natural populations are demonstrated by relatively high rates of genetic diversity (He = 0.167; ne = 1.279; I = 0.253). At the same time, there is a tendency for a decrease in the genetic diversity of the studied populations of P. sylvestris from west to east. Analysis of the genetic structure shows that the studied populations are highly differentiated (GST = 0.439), the intrapopulation component accounts for about 56% of the genetic diversity. Using various algorithms for determining the spatial genetic structure, it is found that the studied populations form two groups of populations in accordance with geographic location. With the help of a genetic originality coefficient, populations with specific and typical gene pools are identified. They are recommended as sources of genetic diversity and reserves for the conservation of genetic resources of the species.

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High genetic diversity and strong spatial genetic structure in Cabralea canjerana (Vell.) Mart. (Meliaceae): implications to Brazilian Atlantic Forest tree conservation

Natureza & Conservação ◽

10.1016/j.ncon.2014.08.001 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 129-133 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Arthur Tavares de Oliveira Melo ◽

Alexandre Siqueira Guedes Coelho ◽

Marlei Ferreira Pereira ◽

Angel José Vieira Blanco ◽

Edivani Villaron Franceschinelli

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Genetic Structure ◽

Atlantic Forest ◽

Spatial Genetic Structure ◽

Forest Tree ◽

Brazilian Atlantic Forest ◽

High Genetic Diversity

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DIVERSITY AND GENETIC STRUCTURE OF NATURAL POPULATIONS OF ARAÇÁ (Psidium guineense Sw.)

Revista Caatinga ◽

10.1590/1983-21252016v29n105rc ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 29 (1) ◽

pp. 37-44 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

EDSON FERREIRA DA SILVA ◽

RAFAELA LIMA DE ARAÚJO ◽

CRISTINA DOS SANTOS RIBEIRO MARTINS ◽

LUIZA SUELY SEMEN MARTINS ◽

ELIZABETH ANN VEASEY

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Gene Flow ◽

Genetic Structure ◽

Natural Populations ◽

Fruit Tree ◽

Northeastern Brazil ◽

Economic Resource ◽

Expected Heterozygosity ◽

Isozyme Loci ◽

Differentiation Index

ABSTRAT: Psidium guineense Sw, popularly known as araçá, is a fruit tree there is widely distributed in Brazil and belongs to the Myrtaceae family. In northeastern Brazil, araçá occurs along coast and in the Zona da Mata; its fruit looks like guava but is more acidic and has a stronger smell. There is a little information about this species, which increases the difficulty of conserving its genetic resources and exploiting araçá as an economic resource. The objective of this research was the evaluation of the genetic diversity and genetic structure of P. guineense from Pernambuco's Zona da Mata. One hundred and fourteen individuals and 18 isozyme loci were evaluated, showing 28 alleles. The percentage of polymorphic loci () and the average number of alleles per locus () were 0.5 and 1.5, respectively, in this population. The expected heterozygosity, which corresponds to the genetic diversity, ranged from 0.22 to 0.23, a high value when considering that isozymes mark access from the functional genome. The differentiation index among the population was () = 0.015; therefore, the populations were not different among the sampled places. The inbreeding values () ranged from -0.549 to -0.794, indicating an absence of inbreeding and a greater-than-expected heterozygosity in all the studied populations. The estimated gene flow (Nm) for a pair of this population ranged from 3.23 to 20.77, sufficient to avoid genetic differentiation among the population and in accordance with the values of genetic divergence found in this study.

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Effect of Human Disturbance on Genetic Structure of Rare and Endangered Paphiopedilum micranthum Implied the Habitat Status

Tropical Conservation Science ◽

10.1177/1940082920942012 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 ◽

pp. 194008292094201

Author(s):

Zongyan Li ◽

Jing Li ◽

Minyang Li

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Genetic Variation ◽

Genetic Structure ◽

Human Disturbance ◽

Natural Populations ◽

Species Level ◽

High Genetic Diversity ◽

Orchid Species ◽

Southeast China ◽

Rare And Endangered

Seven populations of Paphiopedilum micranthum from Southeast China were used to assess the influence of human disturbance on genetic structure through analysis with sequence-related amplified polymorphism technology. The results indicated that there was high genetic diversity at species level ( p = 81.25%; I = 0.3709) and a significantly higher differentiation level compared to that those of other outcrossing orchid species, and that moderately disturbed populations sustained higher genetic diversity indexes than the natural populations. This study revealed that human disturbance and population size did not significantly affect the populations’ genetic diversity but aggravated their differentiation. This may suggest that the habitat had a much greater influence on genetic variation.

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Association between spatial genetic variation and potential distribution in tree fern Alsophila gigantea (Cyatheaceae) in Hainan Island, China

Notulae Botanicae Horti Agrobotanici Cluj-Napoca ◽

10.15835/nbha49312407 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 49 (3) ◽

pp. 12407

Author(s):

Ting WANG ◽

Zhen WANG ◽

Shufeng LI ◽

Zhanming YING ◽

Xiaoxian RUAN ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Genetic Variation ◽

Genetic Structure ◽

Spatial Genetic Structure ◽

Geographic Distance ◽

Population Level ◽

Hainan Island ◽

Mantel Test ◽

High Genetic Diversity ◽

Spatial Genetic Variation

Spatial genetic variation involves spatial genetic structure (SGS) and genetic diversity is important genetic features of plants. We first evaluated spatial genetic structure (SGS) and genetic diversity among four populations of Alsophila gigantea from Hainan Island, China, using inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers. Significant but weak FSGS was found in A. gigantea. High genetic diversity was identified at the species level and the population level. AMOVA analysis revealed a low level of genetic differentiation among the four populations with high gene flow. Mantel test showed no significant correlation between genetic distance and geographic distance. It was found that association between annual mean temperature and annual precipitation with FSGS. Combined with these spatial genetic variation, abundant precipitation and suitable temperature create a stable environment for A. gigantea in Hainan Island, which allows the fern to expand rapidly during the LGM. These results further emphasized the role of outcrossing, and history and environmental factors in the evolution of A. gigantea. This study also provided new insights on in local adaptation of A. gigantea to environmental fluctuations, and available genetic data to enhance the conservation for relict tree ferns.

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