scholarly journals Topical estradiol does not interfere with the expression of the metalloproteinase-1 enzyme in photo exposed skin cells

2012 ◽  
Vol 87 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciana Neder ◽  
Sebastião Freitas de Medeiros
Keyword(s):  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Pap Smear ◽  
Transvaginal Ultrasound ◽  
Hormone Replacement ◽  
Exposed Skin ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Dermal Collagen ◽  
Cutaneous Atrophy ◽  
The Right

BACKGROUND: In postmenopausal women there is a rapid destruction of dermal collagen, resulting in accelerated skin ageing, which is manifested by cutaneous atrophy, increased number and depth of wrinkles and sagging. This accelerated catabolism of the collagen is due to estrogen deficiency and increased synthesis of the metalloproteinase-1 enzyme, which degrades the dermal collagen. OBJECTIVES: To assess whether the use of topical estradiol 0.05% cream on photo exposed skin can inhibit the expression of the metalloproteinase-1 enzyme on the dermis and subsequently the rapid loss of collagen in women after menopause. METHODS: We included 40 postmenopausal women without hormone replacement therapy. Information about lifestyle, lipid profile, blood glucose level, thyroid hormones, mammography, Pap smear and transvaginal ultrasound were obtained to rule out associated diseases. Skin biopsy of the right preauricular region was performed before and after treatment with topical estradiol 0.05% for 30 days. The biopsy specimens were subjected to immunohistochemistry to identify the expression of the metalloproteinase-1 enzyme. RESULTS: There was no statistically significant difference on the expression of the metalloproteinase-1 enzyme in keratinocytes, fibroblasts and endothelial cells before and after treatment with topical estradiol for 30 days. CONCLUSION: Treatment with estradiol 0.05% cream, in photo exposed skin for 30 days, does not inhibit the production of metalloproteinase-1.

scholarly journals PRE AND POSTPRANDIAL THERMOGRAPHIC PROFILE OF GREEN IGUANAS (IGUANA IGUANA)

2016 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 425
Author(s):  
Simona Rusu ◽  
Zdenek Knotek ◽  
Radu Lacatus ◽  
Ionel Papuc
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Body Temperature ◽  
Temperature Difference ◽  
The Body ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Significant Temperature ◽  
Green Iguanas ◽  
The Right ◽  
Head Temperature

Abstract The body temperature of 10 clinically healthy green iguanas (Iguana iguana) was measured using a thermographic camera (FLIR E6, Flir Systems Sweden) before and after the food was offered. For each animal there were performed a total of 6 measurements (3 before feeding and 3 after the food was offered). The purpose of this experiment was to observe the thermographic pattern of the body before and after the feeding, since herbivore reptiles tend to bask after the feeding to increase the body temperature that will help them afterwards digest the food. The animals were housed in individual vivariums with every animal having a basking spot available. The pictures were taken outside the vivarium in an adjacent room. The animals were handled with gloves and transported in a cardboard box in order to avoid heat transfer between the handler and the iguana that would have produced thermal artefacts. Each individual was placed on a table on a styrofoam slate, again, to avoid the heat transfer between the table and the animal`s body. For each animal a total of 4 pictures were taken (up, front, left and right). The pictures were analysed with the FLIR Tools program that is provided by the manufacturer and 3 temperatures were taken into consideration (the head temperature, body temperature on the right side and body temperature on the left side). The temperatures were compared between them and with the temperature of the vivariums that consisted of the average between the temperature in 3 different spots (basking spot, the feeding bowl site and the coldest spot) measured with an infrared thermometer GM300 (Benetech, China). The temperature of the body was dependent on the vivarium temperature and it was a significant temperature difference between the measurements before the feeding and after the feeding. Also we discovered a significant difference between the head temperature and the body temperature on the left side before the feeding that disappeared after the animals ate. There was also a significant difference between the temperature on right side and on left side of the animals both before and after the feeding. No significant temperature difference was observed between the head and the right side of the body neither before nor after the feeding.

scholarly journals Increase in circulating levels of cardiac natriuretic peptides after hormone replacement therapy in postmenopausal women

2001 ◽  
Vol 101 (5) ◽  
pp. 447-453 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia MAFFEI ◽  
Silvia DEL RY ◽  
Concetta PRONTERA ◽  
Aldo CLERICO
Keyword(s):  
Hormone Replacement Therapy ◽  
Replacement Therapy ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Steroid Hormones ◽  
Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Natriuretic Peptides ◽  
Hormone Replacement ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Cardiac Natriuretic Peptides ◽  
Circulating Levels

The mechanisms that mediate the cardioprotective action of steroid hormones in postmenopausal women are poorly understood. To study the inter-relationship between female steroid hormones and cardiac natriuretic peptides, plasma levels of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) were measured in postmenopausal women, both before and after oestrogen replacement therapy. A total of 22 healthy postmenopausal women (mean age 51.9±4.6 years) were enrolled in the study; all had been postmenopausal for at least 1 year and all reported climacteric symptoms accompanied by increased levels of follicle-stimulating hormone (>30m-i.u./ml) and luteinizing hormone (>20m-i.u./ml), and a reduction in oestradiol (<25pg/ml). All women were given hormone replacement therapy with transdermal oestradiol, either patch (50μg/24 h) or gel (1mg/day), cyclically combined with oral dihydrogesterone (10mg/day for 12 days/month, on days 19-30 of the month). ANP and BNP were measured directly in plasma samples with specific and sensitive immunoradiometric assays before and after hormone replacement therapy (transdermal oestradiol combined with oral dihydrogesterone). Body weight, arterial blood pressure and echocardiographic examination values did not change after hormone replacement therapy. As expected, serum oestradiol increased significantly and gonadotropins decreased as an effect of the hormone replacement therapy. On average, both ANP and BNP had increased significantly after 3 months of hormone replacement therapy [ANP: before treatment, 17.6±9.6pg/ml; after, 23.6±5.6pg/ml (P = 0.0173); BNP: before treatment, 12.6±10.2pg/ml; after, 19.8±14.0pg/ml (P<0.0001)]. Our study indicates that hormone replacement therapy for a period of 3 months induces a rise in the circulating levels of cardiac natriuretic hormones in postmenopausal women. Our data also suggest the working hypothesis that cardiac natriuretic peptides may play an important role in mediating the cardioprotective effects of female steroid sex hormones in women throughout life.

scholarly journals Acupuncture and Auricular Acupressure in Relieving Menopausal Hot Flashes of Bilaterally Ovariectomized Chinese Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jue Zhou ◽  
Fan Qu ◽  
Xisheng Sang ◽  
Xiaotong Wang ◽  
Rui Nan
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Women ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Hormone Replacement ◽  
Hot Flashes ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Auricular Acupressure ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Pre Treatment

The objective of this study is to explore the effects of acupuncture and auricular acupressure in relieving menopausal hot flashes of bilaterally ovariectomized Chinese women. Between May 2006 and March 2008, 46 bilaterally ovariectomized Chinese women were randomized into an acupuncture and auricular acupressure group (n= 21) and a hormone replacement therapy (HRT) group (Tibolone,n= 25). Each patient was given a standard daily log and was required to record the frequency and severity of hot flashes and side effects of the treatment felt daily, from 1 week before the treatment started to the fourth week after the treatment ended. The serum levels of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), LH and E2were detected before and after the treatment. After the treatment and the follow-up, both the severity and frequency of hot flashes in the two groups were relieved significantly when compared with pre-treatment (P<  .05). There was no significant difference in the severity of hot flashes between them after treatment (P>  .05), while after the follow-up, the severity of hot flashes in the HRT group was alleviated more. After the treatment and the follow-up, the frequency of menopausal hot flashes in the HRT group was reduced more (P<  .05). After treatment, the levels of FSH decreased significantly and the levels of E2increased significantly in both groups (P<  .05), and they changed more in the HRT group (P<  .05). Acupuncture and auricular acupressure can be used as alternative treatments to relieve menopausal hot flashes for those bilaterally ovariectomized women who are unable or unwilling to receive HRT.

scholarly journals Analisis Kinerja Keuangan Perusahaan Sebelum dan Sesudah Right Issue di BEI

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 1623
Author(s):  
Guido Gian Layuk Runtung ◽  
I Putu Yadnya
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Financial Performance ◽  
Research Data ◽  
T Test ◽  
Financial Ratios ◽  
Paired Sample ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Right

The Purpose of this study was to analyze the diffrences in financial performance before and after right issue. Right issue a corporate action by the company by issuing new shares offered to existing shareholders. Sampling in this study using method purposive sampling. The samples in this research are 33 companies that conduct period 2011 – 2015. The financial performance in will be analysis through the five financial ratios namely CR, DER, TAT, ROA, and PER. This research data analysis technique using paired sample t test and Wilcoxon signed ranks test. The results showed that significant diffrences in TAT ratio before and after the right issue. While the research for the ratios of CR, DER, ROA, and PER showed no significant difference before and after right issue. These result indicate that the company’s financial performance two years after the right issue is more efficient in utilizing company’s assets in order to increase sales.

Disinfection of Transvaginal Ultrasound Probes by Ultraviolet C – A clinical Evaluation of Automated and Manual Reprocessing Methods

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (06) ◽  
pp. 681-687
Author(s):  
Johanna Schmitz ◽  
Annelene Kossow ◽  
Kathrin Oelmeier de Murcia ◽  
Sandra Heese ◽  
Janina Braun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transvaginal Ultrasound ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Contamination Rate ◽  
Qualitative Comparison ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Skin Flora ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Ultraviolet C ◽  
Ultrasound Probes

Abstract Purpose Since pathogens can be transmitted to patients via transvaginal ultrasound probes, it is of particular importance that cleaning and disinfection are performed adequately. This study was designed to do a qualitative comparison of a low-level disinfection technique with disinfectant-impregnated wipes and an automated disinfection technique using ultraviolet C radiation in a clinical setting. Materials and Methods The transvaginal ultrasound probes used in two groups of 160 patients were compared in a prospective controlled study regarding the effectiveness of manual low-level disinfection (Mikrozid sensitive wipes) and automated disinfection using ultraviolet C radiation (Antigermix AS1). Microbiological samples were taken from the whole surface of the probe before and after the disinfection process. Results Before disinfection, 98.75 % (316/320) of the samples showed bacterial contamination. After automated and manual disinfection, the contamination rates were 34.2 % (54/158, automated) and 40.5 % (64/158, disinfectant wipes) (p > 0.05). Pathogens with the potential to cause healthcare-associated infections, such as Enterococcus faecalis and Klebsiella pneumoniae, were removed completely by both techniques. Manual disinfection showed a lower contamination rate after disinfection of bacteria that usually belong to the vaginal, pharyngeal and skin flora (disinfectant wipes 10.6 %, 11/104, automated 32.5 %, 38/117) (p < 0.001). Conclusion For the clinical routine, automated disinfection with ultraviolet C is a promising technique for transvaginal ultrasound probes because of the simple handling and time efficiency. In our study, this method was completely effective against nosocomial pathogens. However, the study didn’t show any significant difference in terms of effectiveness compared to low-level wipe disinfection.

A Clinical Study of Acupuncture and SSP (Silver Spike Point) Electro-therapy for Dry Eye Syndrome

2006 ◽  
Vol 34 (02) ◽  
pp. 197-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kuo-Lieh Tseng ◽  
Hsu-Jan Liu ◽  
Kam-Yuen Tso ◽  
Lin-Chung Woung ◽  
Yi-Chang Su ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Eye ◽  
Dry Eye Syndrome ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Artificial Tears ◽  
Schirmer Test ◽  
Analog Scale ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Right

The present study was designed as a clinical trial to assess the efficacy of acupuncture and silver spike point (SSP) electro-therapy on dry eye syndrome. A total of 43 dry eye syndrome patients participated in the present study. Subjects were divided into control, acupuncture and SSP electro-therapy groups. The three groups were all given artificial tears treatment. Patients in the treatment groups were given two 20-minute treatments of either acupuncture or SSP. Assessment was carried out using the Basal Schirmer test, tear break-up time (BUT), visual analog scale (VAS) and an overall score of eye condition. After four weeks of treatment, both the acupuncture and SSP treatment groups showed improvements over the control group, in Schirmer tests of the left eye and average tearing of both eyes. After 8 weeks of treatment, both treatment groups showed improvements over the control group both in Schirmer tests and VAS. For the right eye, treatment groups showed significant improvements in Schirmer test and VAS versus the control group averages for both eyes. There was no significant difference in BUT at any time. Comparing scores before and after treatment, the acupuncture and SSP groups showed a significant improvement compared to the control group. The acupuncture group showed a greater 8-week improvement in Schirmer tests scores compared to the SSP group. However, the SSP group patients used fewer applications of artificial tears. Acupuncture and SSP electro-therapy were effective in increasing tear secretion in patients with dry eye syndrome. The SSP electro-therapy not only alleviated dry eye syndrome, but also reduced the number of applications of artificial tears necessary.

A direct comparison of women’s perceptions and acceptability of micronised progesterone and medroxyprogesterone acetate in combination with transdermal oestradiol in the management of young postmenopausal women, under 45 years of age

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 210-219
Author(s):  
M Mittal ◽  
N Panay ◽  
PR Supramaniam ◽  
M Savvas ◽  
L Cardozo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Medroxyprogesterone Acetate ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Hormone Replacement ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Symptom Control ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Women’S Perceptions

Objective To assess the acceptability and perception of postmenopausal women, to two different hormone replacement therapy regimens, in relation to the control of their symptoms and development of adverse effects. Study design Prospectively recruited postmenopausal women, <45 years, were randomised to one of two treatment arms for 12-months: cyclical micronised progesterone or medroxyprogesterone acetate in combination with transdermal oestradiol. A self-reported questionnaire with matrix rating scales was completed and repeated after 3, 6 and 12-months. Main outcome measures Symptom control and development of adverse effects. Results Seventy-one individuals were screened, with baseline data available for 67 subjects. A total of 190 questionnaires were returned. The most commonly reported symptoms were low energy levels, vasomotor symptoms and sexual dysfunction. The prevalence of adverse effects ranged between 57.89 and 87.50%, with a reduction seen in the transdermal oestradiol + micronised progesterone arm (73.91% at 3-months, decreasing to 57.89% at 12-months; p = 0.33), compared to the transdermal oestradiol + medroxyprogesterone acetate arm (76.92% at 3-months, increasing to 87.50% at 12-months; p = 0.69). The main reported adverse effects were bloating, weight change and psychological symptoms. A significant difference was documented between the groups after set intervals, with a greater proportion reporting breast tenderness after 3-months (p = 0.01), lower numbers reporting mood swings at 6-months (p = 0.01) and irritability at 12-months (p = 0.03) in the transdermal oestradiol + micronised progesterone arm compared to the transdermal oestradiol + medroxyprogesterone acetate arm. Conclusions The acceptability of both regimens was high despite adverse effects, but tolerability of transdermal oestradiol combined with micronised progesterone appeared to be better with fewer women reporting psychological concerns.

scholarly journals Hormone Replacement Therapy and Dry Eye in Post Menopausal Women: Study in a Tertiary Centre in Malaysia

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-15
Author(s):  
Norshamsiah M Din ◽  
Siti H. B. Sa’aid ◽  
Lam C. Shen ◽  
Yap S. Shu ◽  
Marina B. A. Rahman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hormone Replacement Therapy ◽  
Replacement Therapy ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Dry Eye ◽  
Hormone Replacement ◽  
Test Strip ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Tear Production ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Menopause involves decrease in the body estrogen level. There are many disorders associated with estrogen deficiency state. Postmenopausal women frequently report dry eye symptoms due to the decrease in the level of circulating estrogen hormone. Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) is given to alleviate some of the menopausal effects. This study aimed to compare the tear production between postmenopausal women treated with or without HRT.Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 140 participants attending various clinics in Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre (UKMMC) namely the obstetric and gynecology, Surgery, Orthopedic and Otorhinolaryngology clinics over a period of 3 months. The subjects were either with or without HRT. Schirmer’s Test strip was used to measure the tear quantity. Dry eye was defined when the length of the moistened area on the strip is less than 5 mm.Results: The results showed significant difference in tear quantity in postmenopausal women treated with or without HRT (p=0.003). No correlation was observed between tear quantity and duration of HRT consumption (p=0.217). No significant correlation was also found between the tear quantity and duration of menopause (p=0.150).Conclusions: Our results suggested that HRT helps in improving tear production in postmenopausal women regardless of the duration of HRT consumption or menopause. However, duration of HRT consumption or menopause exert no significant effect on the tear quantity.

scholarly journals The effect of Saliva officinalis extract on the menopausal symptoms in postmenopausal women: An RCT

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fereshteh Dadfar ◽  
Kourosh Bamdad
Keyword(s):  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Hormone Replacement ◽  
Hot Flashes ◽  
Menopausal Symptoms ◽  
Postmenopausal Symptoms ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Night Sweats ◽  
Common Problems ◽  
Menopause Rating Scale

Background: The menopausal symptoms are the most common problems in postmenopausal women. Due to the side effects of hormone replacement therapy, the use of medicinal herbs has increased for the treatment of menopausal symptoms. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of Saliva officinal is on the decreasing of the severity of the menopausal symptoms in postmenopausal women. Materials and Methods: The study was performed on 30 postmenopausal women aged 46–58 yr referred to the healthcare center of Darab who experienced various degrees of postmenopausal symptoms. The severity of menopausal symptoms is recorded by a Menopause Rating Scale. Participants received a 100 mg capsule of sage extract daily for 4 wk. The severity of postmenopausal symptoms was compared before and after four weeks of the consumption of sage extract. Results: The results showed the severity of hot flashes, night sweats, panic, fatigue, and concentration had significant differences before and after the consumption of sage extract. Conclusion: It was concluded that Saliva officinal is were effective to change the severity of some of the menopausal symptoms in postmenopausal women.

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