Case reports and qualitative research: two important approaches to evaluation and communication in medical science

AbstractClinical case reports (CCRs) have a time-honored tradition in serving as an important means of sharing clinical experiences on patients presenting with atypical disease phenotypes or receiving new therapies. However, the huge amount of accumulated case reports are isolated, unstructured, and heterogeneous clinical data, posing a great challenge to clinicians and researchers in mining relevant information through existing indexing tools. In this investigation, in order to render CCRs more findable, accessible, interoperable, and reusable (FAIR) by the biomedical community, we created a resource platform, including the construction of a test dataset consisting of 1000 CCRs spanning 14 disease phenotypes, a standardized metadata template and metrics, and a set of computational tools to automatically retrieve relevant medical information and to analyze all published PubMed clinical case reports with respect to trends in publication journals, citations impact, MeSH Terms, drug use, distributions of patient demographics, and relationships with other case reports and databases. Our standardized metadata template and CCR test dataset may be valuable resources to advance medical science and improve patient care for researchers who are using machine learning approaches with a high-quality dataset to train and validate their algorithms. In the future, our analytical tools may be applied towards other large clinical data sources as well.

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Role of Forensic Evidence in Upholding Justice: Exploring Islamic Law and the Experience of Syariah Courts in Malaysia

Pertanika Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities ◽

10.47836/pjssh.29.2.19 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 29 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Abdul Basir Mohamad ◽

Nurbazla Ismail

Keyword(s):

Qualitative Research ◽

Islamic Law ◽

Family Law ◽

Case Reports ◽

Document Analysis ◽

Analysis Data ◽

Legal Basis ◽

Forensic Evidence ◽

Law Of Evidence

In Islamic law of evidence, there are several forms of evidence commonly used by courts to establish facts. In today’s era, a form of evidence called forensic evidence has also emerged. A question then arises, what is the appropriate legal basis for acceptance of this forensic evidence in the Islamic law of evidence. This paper focuses on the evolution of the Islamic law of evidence and investigates the position of forensic evidence in Islamic law from sources such as the Quran, the Prophet’s traditions, and the practices of the Companions of the Prophet. In addition, this study also looks at the experience of the Malaysian Syariah Courts in terms of how forensic evidence is dealt with in hearing family law cases. The research design of this study is content analysis. Data were obtained by document analysis, including books, papers, journals, case reports, and other records relating to the role of forensic evidence. The methods used to interpret the data for this qualitative research are analytical and deductive. As a result, it can be said that forensic evidence is not an unfamiliar matter in the Islamic law of evidence. In fact, forensic evidence has been relied on by the Syariah Courts of Malaysia in making several decisions for certain cases in order to ensure that justice is upheld in society.

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Electrocardiographic findings of methanol toxicity: A cross-sectional study on 356 cases in Iran

10.21203/rs.3.rs-34297/v2 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Mohammad Hossein Nikoo ◽

Alireza Arjangzadeh ◽

Maryam Pakfetrat ◽

Shahrokh Sadeghi Boogar ◽

Vahid Mohammadkarimi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Myocardial Infarction ◽

Case Reports ◽

Medical Science ◽

Clinical Findings ◽

Alcoholic Beverages ◽

Blood Gas ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Arterial Blood Gas ◽

Arterial Blood ◽

Electrocardiographic Findings

Abstract Background: Methanol is widely used in industry; however, methanol poisoning is not common. In this regard, a number of outbreaks have been recently reported due to inappropriate processing of alcoholic beverages. Shiraz, a city located in the southern part of Iran, faced one of such outbreaks in 2020 during COVID-19 pandemic. There is no sufficient literature on the electrocardiographic findings in methanol toxicity. This study aimed to address this gap in the literature.Method: A total of 356 cases with methanol toxicity referred to Shiraz University of Medical Science Tertiary Hospitals (Faghihi and Namazi) in March and April, 2020. The clinical findings of blindness and impaired level of consciousness, lab data such as arterial blood gas, electrolytes, and creatinine, and the most common findings from ECGs were collected. Results: The most common ECG findings were J point elevation (68.8%), presence of U wave (59.2%), QTc prolongation (53.2% in males and 28.6% in females), and fragmented QRS (33.7%). An outstanding finding in this study was the presence of myocardial infarction in 5.3% of the cases. This finding, to the best of our knowledge, has only been reported in a few case reports. Brugada pattern (8.1%) and Osborn wave (3.7%) were the other interesting findings.In multivariate analysis, when confounding factors were adjusted, myocardial infarction, atrioventricular conduction disturbances, sinus tachycardia, and the prolonged QTC>500 msecond were four independent factors correlated with methanol toxicity severity measured with arterial blood PH on arterial blood gas measurements, with odds ratios of 12.82, 4.46, 2.32 and 3.15 (P<0.05 for all) , respectively.Conclusion: Electrocardiographic variations during methanol intoxication are remarkable and well-correlated with poisoning severity. Myocardial infarction was an egregious and yet a common concerning finding in this sample, which need to be ruled out in methanol toxicity.

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Case Reports Are the Starting Point to Medical Science

Reports ◽

10.3390/reports3020008 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 8

Author(s):

Toshio Hattori

Keyword(s):

Medical Journal ◽

Open Access ◽

Case Reports ◽

Medical Science ◽

Starting Point

I am serving as the Editor-in-Chief of an OPEN ACCESS medical journal Reports published by MDPI (Indexed by DOAJ and CLOCKSS, http://www [...]

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Welcome to the inaugural Issue of Pakistan BioMedical Journal

Pakistan BioMedical Journal ◽

10.52229/pbmj.v1i1.33 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Riffat Mehboob

Keyword(s):

Clinical Research ◽

Medical Profession ◽

Case Reports ◽

Local Level ◽

Medical Science ◽

Open Access Journal ◽

Editorial Team ◽

Biomedical Sciences ◽

The Individual

Firstly, I would like to welcome all the readers, authors, editorial team and management of PakistanBiomedical Journal (PBMJ) to this new journal in Biomedical Sciences. It is an international peerreviewed, open-access journal that merges the basic and clinical research for the better outcome in terms of diagnosis and therapeutics. This approach will update and upgrade the existing knowledge among the researchers and clinicians, regarding the patient care and practice as well as understanding of underlying mechanisms of diseases. The ultimate beneficiary is patient and community as a whole. PBMJ is led by an outstanding Editorial Board comprising of national and international members with multidisciplinary research background. Our goal is to promote the basic and clinical research, health and disease perspectives. We receive original studies, review articles, case reports, systemetic reviews on medical, biomedical, basic and therapeutic research. We welcome scientific contributions from all over the world.It is the need and demand of the recent world scenario to focus on biomedical research. In thecurrent world, basic and medical science cannot be considered as two separate and independent entities.There should be coherent efforts to unveil the basic understandings of pathologies at physiological,cellular and molecular level. Furthermore, the therapeutic strategies should also be explored on regional and global levels, by keeping in mind the different genetic makeups and considering the individual identities. It leads to the field of ‘personalized medicine’. There are many other recent therapeutic regimens such as regenerative medicine, exosomes, gene silencing and gene editing technologies.The world has also advanced in diagnostic modalities. Much focus has been emphasized onrapidness, accuracy and cost-effectiveness of these techniques. Imaging, scanning, histopathological,biochemical and hematological techniques have been much advanced than before. World has beenchanging rapidly in medical profession. Hence, it is important to be aware of these advancementsworldwide and also to share the health related researches at local level. We hope this new journal will be a good addition in this perspective of sharing the recent knowledge, advancements and create awareness among masses.

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Republished: The Quality of Qualitative Research

American Journal of Medical Quality ◽

10.1177/1062860619873187 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 34 (5) ◽

pp. 439-445 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Dave S. Collingridge ◽

Edwin E. Gantt

Keyword(s):

Qualitative Research ◽

Data Analysis ◽

Data Collection ◽

Qualitative Data ◽

Medical Science ◽

Real Life ◽

Existential Phenomenology ◽

Theoretical Frameworks ◽

Data Collection And Analysis

In general, an appreciation of the standards of qualitative research and the types of qualitative data analysis available to researchers have not kept pace with the growing presence of qualitative studies in medical science. To help rectify this problem, the authors clarify qualitative research reliability, validity, sampling, and generalizability. They also provide 3 major theoretical frameworks for data collection and analysis that investigators may consider adopting. These 3 approaches are ethnography, existential phenomenology, and grounded theory. For each, the basic steps of data collection and analysis involved are presented, along with real-life examples of how they can contribute to improving medical care.

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Evaluating goodness in qualitative researcher

Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science ◽

10.3329/bjms.v10i1.7314 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 11-20

Author(s):

HA Qazi

Keyword(s):

Qualitative Research ◽

Research Methodology ◽

Medical Science ◽

Health Sciences ◽

Qualitative Inquiry ◽

Research Progress ◽

Qualitative Researcher ◽

Multiple Realities ◽

Traditional Research ◽

Post Hoc

This article explores the issue of "evaluating goodness in qualitative research", from a perspective of novice qualitative researchers. Despite the recent upsurge in publications of qualitative studies especially in health sciences, the issue of goodness in qualitative research is still debatable. Qualitative researches in contrast to traditional research not only differ in research methodology and methods but also in data analysis.Although approaches for evaluating goodness in qualitative research are available but consensus on universality is still lacking. The development of extrinsic criteria although provide the guidelines for post positivist studies, however, it is not acceptable to interpretivist /constructivist who believe on multiple realities and knowledge as co construct. The authenticity criteria although fits well to constructivism/interpretivism, however, researchers argue that because it provide a post hoc strategy for evaluation of a study and avoid focusing during its conduct, thus causing serious threats to the credibility. Primary criteria forwarded by Whitemoore et al., although seems essential for all qualitative inquiry but because based on validity has been rejected by authors on the grounds that qualitative epistemological and ontological assumptions are entirely different to the traditional qualitative research. The criteria by Ballinger in 2006 although seems practical in application to all paradigms, however, as it also questions reflexivity which seems irrelevant in realist tradition. Further other general criteria such as seems popular because of its simplistic approach but do not address the terms of ontology, epistemology and paradigm that seem very important in qualitative research.It is important for the novice qualitative researchers to be aware of the debate on the issue of evaluating goodness of qualitative research. However, they should adopt a cautious stand while favouring or rejecting one criteria. Finally the development of a universal and uniform criteria is although important but not necessary requirement for the qualitative research progress. DOI: 10.3329/bjms.v10i1.7314Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.10 No.1 Jan 2010 pp.11-20

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Sinonasal Glomangiopericytoma: A Case Report and Literature Review

Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science ◽

10.3329/bjms.v18i3.41644 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 18 (3) ◽

pp. 651-655

Author(s):

Hyun Jin Min ◽

Kyung Soo Kim

Keyword(s):

Clinical Symptoms ◽

Case Reports ◽

Medical Science ◽

Surgical Excision ◽

Vascular Tumor ◽

Recent Experience ◽

Common Symptom ◽

Complete Surgical Excision ◽

Frequent Site ◽

Ct Finding

Glomangiopericytoma is a rare vascular tumor arising from the pericytes surrounding capillaries, and accounts for less than 0.5% of all sinonasal tumors. The aim of this study is to describe our recent experience of sinonasal glomangiopericytoma and thoroughly review our collected data on the basis of age/sex, location, associated diseases, clinical symptoms, endoscopic findings, image findings, pathology, and treatment. We found 21 articles (19 case reports and 2 review articles) relevant to our search since 2005. The mean age was 58.05 years, ranging from 19 years to 86 years with a female to male ratio of 3:1 (15:5). The most frequent site of origin was the nasal septum followed by the paranasal sinuses. The most common symptom was nasal obstruction, followed by epistaxis, headache, facial pain or pressure, and anosmia in decreasing order. Computed tomography was the most common imaging technique used to evaluate sinonasal glomangiopericytoma which the most common mentioned CT finding was soft tissue density mass with enhancement. The most common treatment modality was complete surgical excision through transnasal endoscopic surgery. Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.18(3) 2019 p.651-655

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Incidental detection of intrauterine device in sigmoid colon and its removal with colonoscopy

Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science ◽

10.3329/bjms.v16i4.33619 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 16 (4) ◽

pp. 597-599

Author(s):

Ahmet Bozdag ◽

Onder Altas ◽

Abdurrahman Sahin ◽

Zeynep Ozkan

Keyword(s):

Developing Countries ◽

Abdominal Pain ◽

Sigmoid Colon ◽

Case Reports ◽

Intrauterine Device ◽

Medical Science ◽

Chronic Abdominal Pain ◽

High Efficacy ◽

Contraceptive Methods ◽

Low Costs

Intrauterine device (IUD) is one of the frequently used contraceptive methods in the developing countries, due to its high efficacy, low risks and low costs. However, it may cause some important complications. One of these complications is migration of IUD to adjacent organs. The migration of IUDs to sigmoid colon is rare and it is reported as case reports. In this article, we wanted to share the colonoscopic evaluation of a 38-year-old female patient who presented with chronic abdominal pain, meanwhile the detection of IUD in the sigmoid colon and its removal with colonoscopy.Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.16(4) 2017 p.597-599

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Electrocardiographic findings of methanol toxicity: a cross-sectional study of 356 cases in Iran

BMC Cardiovascular Disorders ◽

10.1186/s12872-020-01691-y ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Mohammad Hossein Nikoo ◽

Alireza Arjangzadeh ◽

Maryam Pakfetrat ◽

Shahrokh Sadeghi Boogar ◽

Vahid Mohammadkarimi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Myocardial Infarction ◽

Case Reports ◽

Medical Science ◽

Clinical Findings ◽

Alcoholic Beverages ◽

Blood Gas ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Arterial Blood Gas ◽

Arterial Blood ◽

Electrocardiographic Findings

Abstract Background Methanol is widely used in industry; however, methanol poisoning is not common. In this regard, a number of outbreaks have been recently reported due to inappropriate processing of alcoholic beverages. Shiraz, a city located in the southern part of Iran, faced one of such outbreaks in 2020 during COVID-19 pandemic. There is no sufficient literature on the electrocardiographic findings in methanol toxicity. This study aimed to address this gap in the literature. Method A total of 356 cases with methanol toxicity referred to Shiraz University of Medical Science Tertiary Hospitals (Faghihi and Namazi) in March and April, 2020. The clinical findings of blindness and impaired level of consciousness, lab data such as arterial blood gas, electrolytes, and creatinine, and the most common findings from ECGs were collected. Results The most common ECG findings were J point elevation (68.8%), presence of U wave (59.2%), QTc prolongation (53.2% in males and 28.6% in females), and fragmented QRS (33.7%). An outstanding finding in this study was the presence of myocardial infarction in 5.3% of the cases. This finding, to the best of our knowledge, has only been reported in a few case reports. Brugada pattern (8.1%) and Osborn wave (3.7%) were the other interesting findings. In multivariate analysis, when confounding factors were adjusted, myocardial infarction, atrioventricular conduction disturbances, sinus tachycardia, and the prolonged QTC > 500 msecond were four independent factors correlated with methanol toxicity severity measured with arterial blood PH on arterial blood gas measurements, with odds ratios of 12.82, 4.46, 2.32 and 3.15 (P < 0.05 for all), respectively. Conclusion Electrocardiographic variations during methanol intoxication are remarkable and well-correlated with poisoning severity. Myocardial infarction was an egregious and yet a common concerning finding in this sample, which need to be ruled out in methanol toxicity.

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