scholarly journals Genetic parameters for faecal egg count, packed-cell volume and body-weight in Santa Inês lambs

2009 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 228-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raimundo N.B. Lôbo ◽  
Luiz S. Vieira ◽  
Amaury A. de Oliveira ◽  
Evandro N. Muniz ◽  
José M. da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Cell Volume ◽  
Packed Cell Volume ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Faecal Egg Count ◽  
Santa Inês

scholarly journals Treatment of Diabetic Condition in Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Wister Rats Using Food Blends Such as Unripe Plantain, Soybean and Ginger

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
I. Iwanegbe ◽  
M. Suleiman ◽  
A. Jimah
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Blood Glucose Level ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Cell Volume ◽  
Glucose Level ◽  
Normal Control ◽  
Packed Cell Volume ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Diabetic Patients

Aims: To investigate the effect of food blends (plantain, soybean and ginger) on the blood glucose, lipid profile and haematological indices on streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Methodology: A total of 35 rats of mean body weight 219.07 g separated into7 groups (5 per group) where induced by a single intraperitoneal (I.P) injection of streptozotocin (0.1 g dissolved in 5 ml of freshly prepared sodium citrate buffer 0.1 M, pH 4.5) at a dose of 40 mg/kg body weight after fasting for 12 hours and fed with flours/blends. The flours were produced from plant materials for different treatments/blends (blend A=100% unripe plantain, B=80% unripe plantain, 14% soybean, 6% ginger, C=70% unripe plantain, 26% soybean, 4% ginger, D= 60% unripe plantain, 38% soybean, 2% ginger, E= 50% unripe plantain, 50% soybean) and the phytochemicals and minerals content were determined. Blood glucose was determined at 5 days interval for 25 days. Diabetes was confirmed in rats with blood glucose concentrations >200 mg/dl. After 25 days rats were anaesthetized with chloroform vapour and blood samples collected by cardiac puncture for haematology and lipid profile determination. Results: The results showed that unripe plantain, soya beans and ginger in adequate proportion(C=70% unripe plantain, 26% soybean, 4% ginger or D= 60% unripe plantain, 38% soybean, 2% ginger) could help to reduce blood glucose, improve haematological parameters and lipid profile. Significant reduction was observed in the blood glucose level of rats fed blends C and D from 286 to 85 mg/dl and 307 to 90 mg/dl respectively at the end of experiment. These results also demonstrated that the inclusion of ginger at 6% causes rise in blood glucose level. Total cholesterol (TC) increased in all the blends. However, the lowest concentration of TC was observed in blends C and D. The highest packed cell volume (60%) and Haemoglobin (20 g/dl) level observed in rats fed blend C was significantly higher than the normal control fed conventional feeds. The increase in packed cell volume (PCV) (50%) and Hb (17 g/dl) in diabetic rats demonstrated that the formulated blend C was able to raise PCV and Hb above 50% and 17 g/dl (Normal control NC) respectively. Significant increase (P<0.05) in low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLc) was also observed in all the blends with blend C having the least (4.0 mg/dl) close to NC (2.0 mg/dl). Conclusion: From the results it is evident that blend C will manage and improve the health status of diabetic patients.

scholarly journals Differential virulence of camel Trypanosoma evansi isolates in mice

Parasitology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 145 (9) ◽  
pp. 1235-1242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine M. Kamidi ◽  
Joanna Auma ◽  
Paul O. Mireji ◽  
Kariuki Ndungu ◽  
Rosemary Bateta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
South America ◽  
Cell Volume ◽  
Packed Cell Volume ◽  
Post Infection ◽  
Trypanosoma Evansi ◽  
Type B ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Live Body Weight ◽  
High Virulence

AbstractThis study assessed the virulence of Trypanosoma evansi, the causative agent of camel trypanosomiasis (surra), affecting mainly camels among other hosts in Africa, Asia and South America, with high mortality and morbidity. Using Swiss white mice, we assessed virulence of 17 T. evansi isolates collected from surra endemic countries. We determined parasitaemia, live body weight, packed cell volume (PCV) and survivorship in mice, for a period of 60 days’ post infection. Based on survivorship, the 17 isolates were classified into three virulence categories; low (31–60 days), moderate (11–30 days) and high (0–10 days). Differences in survivorship, PCV and bodyweights between categories were significant and correlated (P < 0.05). Of the 10 Kenyan isolates, four were of low, five moderate and one (Type B) of high virulence. These findings suggest differential virulence between T. evansi isolates. In conclusion, these results show that the virulence of T. evansi may be region specific, the phenotype of the circulating parasite should be considered in the management of surra. There is also need to collect more isolates from other surra endemic regions to confirm this observation.

scholarly journals The effect of aqueous extract of Marticaria Chamomilla flowers on some physiological properties in broiler chickens

2011 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 59
Author(s):  
S. A. H. AL-Moramadhi
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Cell Volume ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Glucose Concentration ◽  
Packed Cell Volume ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Hemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Cholesterol Concentration ◽  
Physiological Properties

This study was conducted on broiler chickens to investigate the effect of Marticaria chamomilla flowers extract on some physiological properties. One day age Fawbro birds (Average weight 55g) were used in this study, they fed ad libtum until 7weeks age. (60 chickes) were divided into three groups (each group has 20 birds ).1-treatment one: administrated orally the aqueous extract of Marticaria chamomilla flowers at concentration 50mg /kg body weight .2-treatment two: administrated orally the aqueous extract of Marticaria chamomilla flowers at concentration 100mg /kg body weight3-control group: administrated distilled water .At the end of experiment blood samples were taken from brachial vein for ten birds of each group for hematological and bio chemical examination ,the following parameters are used:- serum glucose concentration, serum cholesterol concentration ,hemoglobin concentration ,packed cell volume ,body weight and food intake. Results showed significant decrease (p<0.05) in glucose concentration in treatments groups compared with control, and significant decrease (p<0.05) in cholesterol concentration in treatments groups compared with the control. While there was no significant effect on hemoglobin concentration, packed cell volume, body weight and food intake in treatments groups compared with the control

scholarly journals EFFECTS OF PROBIOTIC SACCHAROMYCES BOULARDII AND CO-TRIMOXAZOLE ON SOME HAEMATOLOGICAL PARAMETERS IN ADULT WISTAR RATS

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-62
Author(s):  
P. A. Obazelu ◽  
I. A. Aruomaren ◽  
C. C. Nwangwu
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Cell Volume ◽  
White Blood Cell Count ◽  
White Blood Cell ◽  
Packed Cell Volume ◽  
Saccharomyces Boulardii ◽  
Total White Blood Cell ◽  
Blood Cell Count

Saccharomyces boulardii is a probiotic yeast used as a nutritional supplement. Co-trimoxazole, is a broad-spectrum antimicrobial agent used in the prophylaxis and treatment of infections.The goal of this study was to evaluate the individual and interactive effects of probiotic Saccharomyces boulardii and co-trimoxazole on some haematological parameters in albino rats. Thirty (30) albino Wistar rats weighing 150-200g were divided into five groups; Basal, A, B, C, and D, with six animals in each group. Group A (control) was given a normal rat pellet (standardized feed) and clean water (pH 6.5- 8.5). Group B was administered 5.5mg/kg body weight of the commercial probiotics (Saccharomyces boulardii). Group C was administered 4.4mg/kg body weight of co-trimoxazole. Group D was administered 5.5mg/kg body weight of the commercial probiotics and 4.4mg/kg body weight of co-trimoxazole. All administrations were done using a gavage tube for 15 days. Blood samples were collected for analysis on days 0, 5 and 15. The results showed that Saccharomyces boulardii caused a significant increase (P<0.05) in total white blood cell count and packed cell volume of the treated groups at day 5. On day 15, the total white blood cell count (10.67±0.66), packed cell volume (43.23±0.47), platelet count (932±38.89) and mean platelet volume (8.53±0.38) showed a significant increase (P<0.05) in the probiotic group. The co-trimoxazole group showed a significant reduction (P<0.05) in the packed cell volume and total white blood cell count. This study shows that Saccharomyces boulardii has a positive effect on the haematological profile of the test animals.

scholarly journals BIOAVAILABILITY AND DISPOSITION KINETICS OF AMOXICILLIN

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (01) ◽  
pp. 006-012
Author(s):  
Zulfiqar-Ul- Hassan ◽  
Sualeha Riffat ◽  
Aamir Nazir ◽  
Rahat Naseer ◽  
Anila Asghar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Plasma Concentration ◽  
Cell Volume ◽  
Packed Cell Volume ◽  
Peak Plasma ◽  
Peak Plasma Concentration ◽  
Assay Method ◽  
Intravenous Route ◽  
Disposition Kinetics ◽  
Kinetics Of

OBJECTIVE: The study was planned to observe the bioavailability anddisposition kinetics of amoxicillin in adult rabbits (irrespective of sex) under healthy anddehydrated conditions. Design: Comparative. Place and duration of study: The study wasconducted at the department of pharmacology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences,Lahore from April 2013 to October 2013. Methodology: Initially all rabbits were weighed andtheir packed cell volume (PCV) and other biochemical parameters were observed under normalconditions. Bioavailability and disposition kinetics of amoxicillin (10mg/kg body weight) werestudied in normal rabbits following oral and intravenous route of drug administration. After 10days washout period, these rabbits were made dehydrated by keeping the animals off waterbut not food. The animals with 10% decrease in body weight were declared dehydrated. Theirparameters were again measured. Treated rabbits were administered amoxicillin orally andintravenously (10mg/kg body weight). Samples were drawn at prescribed time. Amoxicillinwas assessed in plasma by using microbiological assay method. Plasma concentration wasanalyzed using non compartmental method. Results: The water deprived or dehydrated rabbitsshowed a significant increase in the packed cell volume, blood glucose and plasma globulins ascompared to the normal rabbits. However, there was a significant (p<0.05 & p<0.01) decreasein body weight, total proteins, albumins and albumin globulin ratio of the dehydrated rabbits.The peak plasma concentration, volume of distribution and rate constant of elimination waslower in the dehydrated rabbits as compared to the normal rabbits. The plasma concentrationof amoxicillin after intravenous administration in dehydrated rabbits had a significant (p<0.05& p<0.01) larger area under curve, area under 1st moment curve, a longer half life and a largermean residence time. Conclusions: The study in the dehydrated rabbits indicated the need ofmodification of dosage regimen.

scholarly journals Antimalarial Activity of Tinospora baenzigeri against Plasmodium berghei-Infected Mice

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sakaewan Ounjaijean ◽  
Manas Kotepui ◽  
Voravuth Somsak
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Survival Time ◽  
Cell Volume ◽  
Crude Extract ◽  
Plasmodium Berghei ◽  
Packed Cell Volume ◽  
Antimalarial Activity ◽  
Body Weight Loss ◽  
Mean Survival Time

Plant species of the genus Tinospora (Menispermaceae) possess several pharmacological properties, and T. crispa has been reported to have antimalarial activity. T. baenzigeri (Chingcha Chalee) is a rich source of terpenes and quinoline alkaloids; however, it still has not yet been investigated the antimalarial activity of this plant extract. Hence, this study was aimed to evaluate the antimalarial activity of T. baenzigeri stem extract against Plasmodium berghei-infected mice. The aqueous crude extract of T. baenzigeri stem was prepared using a microwave-assisted method and tested for acute toxicity in mice. For evaluating the antimalarial activity in vivo, the standard 4-day test was carried out using groups of ICR mice infected with P. berghei ANKA administered orally by gavage with the extract (100, 250, and 500 mg/kg) for 4 consecutive days. Parasitemia, body weight, packed cell volume, and mean survival time were then measured. It was found that the aqueous crude extract of T. baenzigeri stem did not exhibit any sign of toxicity up to the dose of 2,000 mg/kg. The extract significantly (P<0.01) inhibited parasitemia in a dose-dependent manner, with 22.02%, 50.81%, and 74.95% inhibition. Moreover, the marked prevention of body weight loss and packed cell volume reduction was observed at doses of 100, 250, and 500 mg/kg of extract-treated mice. Additionally, the extract prolonged the mean survival time of P. berghei-infected mice, compared to the untreated group. In conclusion, the aqueous crude extract of T. baenzigeri stem has demonstrated potent antimalarial activity against P. berghei-infected mice with prolonged mean survival time and prevention of body weight loss and packed cell volume reduction.

Antimalarial activity of seed extracts of Schinus molle against plasmodium berghei in mice

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abebe Basazn Mekuria ◽  
Mestayet Geta ◽  
Eshetie Melese Birru ◽  
Desalegn Asmelashe Gelayee
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Cell Volume ◽  
Crude Extract ◽  
Plasmodium Berghei ◽  
Packed Cell Volume ◽  
Antimalarial Activity ◽  
Aqueous Fraction ◽  
Schinus Molle ◽  
Isolation And Characterization

Abstract Background: Due to drug resistance and inefficient eradication techniques, malaria continues to be a major public health issue in countries with low- and middle-income. The seeds of Schinus molle are used in the Ethiopian folklore medicine for the treatment of malaria. However, this claim is not yet supported with scientific researches. Hence, the current study aims to investigate in vivo, antimalarial activity of hydro-alcoholic crude extract and subsequent solvent fraction of Schinus molle seeds on Plasmodium berghe infected mice.Methods: A hydro-alcoholic crude extract and solvent fractions (ethyl acetate, chloroform and aqueous) of Schinus molle seeds were tested at different doses (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg respectively ) to evaluate in vivo antimalarial activity of extracts in a 4-day suppressive, curative, and prophylaxis antimalarial test models. The parasitemia level, packed cell volume, survival of date, body weight, and body temperature were used to evaluate the anti-plasmodia activity of the extracts. One way ANOVA was employed to analyze these data, followed by post hoc Tukey’s HSD multiple comparison test.Results: The chemo-suppressive activities produced by the highest dose (400mg/kg) of crude extract and the aqueous fraction of Schinus molle seeds in the four-day suppressive test were 76.03% and 73.82%(p<0.001), respectively. In the curative test, the highest dose of crude and the aqueous fraction of Schinus molle seeds had 82.12% and 84.30% (p<0.001) suppression activity, respectively. The percentage of suppression in the prophylactic activities test of the aqueous fraction was 79.78% (p<0.001) at 400mg/kg compared to the negative control group. The studied plant extracts were likely anticipated to show rapid rectal temperature reduction and weight loss significantly. Among the extracts, only chloroform fraction has prevented the reduction of packed cell volume, due to the absence of saponin in the fraction. The mice which were treated with crude extract and aqueous fraction survived longer and gained net body weight as compared to vehicle-treated mice (p<0.001).Conclusion: The crude extract and aqueous fraction of Schinus molle seeds possessed significant antimalarial activity. These results collectively indicate that the plant has promising anti-plasmodial activity against Plasmodium berghei. However, further confirmatory studies followed by isolation and characterization of the active antimalarial compound are recommended.

Blood volume, corpuscular constants, and shell weight in turtles

1961 ◽  
Vol 200 (5) ◽  
pp. 1004-1006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth E. Hutton
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Size ◽  
Cell Volume ◽  
Blood Volume ◽  
Packed Cell Volume ◽  
Inverse Correlation ◽  
Hemoglobin Concentration ◽  
Shell Weight ◽  
Pseudemys Scripta ◽  
Strong Inverse Correlation

In a group of 11 red-eared turtles, Pseudemys scripta elegans, ranging from 258 to 1827 gm, it was found that body size did not produce variations in packed cell volume, hemoglobin concentration, or in Wintrobe corpuscular constants derived from these values. A small inverse correlation of shell weight with body weight was noted. Blood volume, determined by cardiac injection of iodinated (I131) albumin and expressed as percentage of body weight, showed a strong inverse correlation with body weight.

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