Evaluation of elephant grass silage with the addition of cassava scrapings

The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the effects of adding cassava scrapings on gas and effluent losses, dry matter recovery, pH, contents of N-NH3, organic acids and volatile fatty acids and the bromatological composition of elephant grass silages. It was used a randomized complete design, with four levels of cassava scrapings (0, 7, 15 or 30% natural matter) each one with four replications per level. The grass was cut at 50 days of regrowth and ensiled in 15-L silos, equipped with a Bunsen valve to allow gas outflow. The gas losses decreased quadratically with the addition of cassava scrapings, whereas effluent losses decreased linearly. Dry matter recovery increased quadratically with the addition of cassava scrapings. Dry matter (DM) concentration increased but crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF) and hemicellulose (HEM) decreased linearly with the addition of cassava scrapings. The pH value and lactic acid concentration increased quadratically with the addition of cassava scrapings. Contents of N-NH3 and butyric acid decreased quadratically with the addition of cassava scrapings, whereas acetic acid content decreased linearly. Addition of cassava scrapings reduced gas and effluent losses and improved the fermentation profile of elephant grass silages and the level of 7% already ensures this improvement.

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Intake, nutrients digestibility and nitrogen balance of elephant grass silages with mango by-product addition

Revista Brasileira de Zootecnia ◽

10.1590/s1516-35982010000100010 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 39 (1) ◽

pp. 74-80 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Margareth Maria Teles Rêgo ◽

José Neuman Miranda Neiva ◽

Aníbal Coutinho do Rêgo ◽

Magno José Duarte Cândido ◽

Arnaud Azevêdo Alves ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nitrogen Balance ◽

Crude Protein ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Nutritive Value ◽

Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽

Elephant Grass ◽

Acid Detergent Fiber ◽

Linear Effect ◽

Grass Silage ◽

Total Carbohydrates

The objective of this study was to evaluate the nutritive value of elephant grass silages with increasing levels of dried mango by-product (DMB). Five addition levels were studied (0, 4, 8, 12 and 16%) using 20 rams, in a randomized complete design with five treatments (addition levels) and four replications. Dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), ether extract (EE), total carbohydrates (TC), non-fibrous carbohydrates (NFC) intake and digestibility were evaluated, as well as the total digestible nutrients (TDN) and the silage nitrogen balance (NB). Mango by-product addition did not influence the DM, CP and TC intakes, the TDN level or the OM, CT and NFC digestibilities. On the other hand, DMB addition reduced the NDF and the ADF intakes, as well as the DM, CP, NDF and ADF digestibilities, and the NB of the silages. There was also a increasing linear effect of DMB addition on the EE and NFC intakes, and on EE digestibility. The elephant grass silage with DMB by-product may not be used as a single feed to ruminants because it reduces the NDF and the ADF intakes and the DM, CP, NDF and ADF digestibilities, as well as the nitrogen balance.

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Glycerol inclusion levels in corn and sunflower silages

Ciência e Agrotecnologia ◽

10.1590/s1413-70542014000500009 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 38 (5) ◽

pp. 497-505 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Adriana de Souza Martins ◽

Juliane Ribeiro de Oliveira ◽

Marili Lopes Lederer ◽

José Luís Moletta ◽

Shivelly Los Galetto ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Seasonal Cycle ◽

Crude Protein ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Nutritional Value ◽

High Efficiency ◽

Corn Silage ◽

Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽

Acid Detergent Fiber ◽

Ph Values ◽

Four Levels

Due to the seasonal cycle of forage, the use of silage to feed animals provides nutrients throughout the year. However, its quality can be improved with the inclusion of additives and other products. Glycerol is a rich source of energy and present a high efficiency of utilization by animals. The purpose of this work was to evaluate the effect of glycerol inclusion on the chemical and fermentation characteristics of corn and sunflower silages. Two silage sources (maize and sunflower) were used and four levels of glycerol inclusion (0, 15, 30 and 45%) based on dry matter were carried out. The experimental design was completely randomized in a 2 x 4 factorial arrangement with five replications. The pH values and chemical composition of corn and sunflower silages were determined. In both silages there was increment of dry matter, non-fiber carbohydrates and total digestible nutrients (TDN) added to a reduction of crude protein, neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber due to the glycerol inclusion. The corn silage required 45% glycerol to achieve the TDN level of the sunflower silage. The glycerol addition contributed to the increase in the nutritional value, offsetting loss of quality in the ensiling process.

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Soybean hulls inclusion on silage of wet brewery waste

Acta Scientiarum Animal Sciences ◽

10.4025/actascianimsci.v43i1.53268 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 43 ◽

pp. e53268

Author(s):

Ana Rebeca Pires da Silva ◽

Fabio Jacobs Dias ◽

Ewerton de Souza Tanaka ◽

Maycom Marinho Lopes ◽

Rodrigo Rener dos Santos Martins ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Crude Protein ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Polynomial Regression ◽

Linear Increase ◽

Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽

Nutritional Content ◽

Acid Detergent Fiber ◽

Soybean Hulls ◽

Total Carbohydrates ◽

Four Levels

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of soybean hulls inclusion in the silage of wet brewery waste. The experimental design was randomized in block, where the treatments were constituted by four levels of soybean hulls on the silage (0, 15, 25, and 35%), with three (silos) replicates per treatment. All data collected were subjected to ANOVA and subsequent polynomial regression at 5%. Soybean hulls inclusion caused a linear increase (p < 0.05) in the pH, dry matter, acid detergent fiber, neutral detergent fiber and total carbohydrates content of the silage. This inclusion also caused a significant reduction (p < 0.05) in the effluent losses and percentages of crude protein, fats, hemicellulose, non-fibrous carbohydrates and total digestible nutrients. Thus, it was concluded that soybean hulls can be used as an additive in the silage of wet brewery waste. Up to 35% of inclusion, there was a significant reduction in the effluent losses, a little increase on pH and enrichment of nutritional content, especially in the dry matter.

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Use of babassu cake and pineapple byproduct silage in the diets of feedlot sheep

Semina Ciências Agrárias ◽

10.5433/1679-0359.2021v42n2p795 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 42 (2) ◽

pp. 795-808

Author(s):

Ernestina Ribeiro Santos Neta ◽

◽

Daiany Iris Gomes ◽

Luis Rennan Sampaio Oliveira ◽

Rafael Mezzomo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Soybean Meal ◽

Crude Protein ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Ammonia Nitrogen ◽

Latin Squares ◽

Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽

Elephant Grass ◽

Ruminal Ph ◽

Grass Silage ◽

Babassu Cake

This study evaluated the use of babassu cake as a replacement for soybean meal and pineapple byproduct silage as roughage in the diets of feedlot sheep. Ten rumen-fistulated sheep were used and distributed in an experimental design consisting of two 5 x 5 Latin squares. Babassu cake replaced soybean meal at four concentration levels (0, 26.66, 53.33, and 80%), and pineapple byproduct silage was used as roughage. A treatment was also evaluated in which elephant grass silage was used as roughage and corn and soybean meal were used as the concentrate. No effect of babassu cake as a replacement for soybean meal on dry matter intake, neutral detergent fiber, or crude protein was observed. Higher babassu cake replacement levels in the diets resulted in linear reductions in the digestibility of the dry matter, neutral detergent fiber, organic matter, nonfiber carbohydrates and total carbohydrates. For the digestibility of the crude protein, no effect was observed after the addition of babassu cake. The replacement levels of the babassu cake had no effect on the intake and retention of the daily nitrogen, ammonia nitrogen and ruminal pH. Babassu cake could replace soybean meal at concentrations of up to 80% when the roughage source was pineapple byproduct silage. Compared with elephant grass silage, pineapple byproduct silage improves nutrient intake and digestibility and nitrogen intake, retention, and absorption without compromising the ruminal pH or ammonia nitrogen of feedlot sheep.

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NITROGEN UTILIZATION BY LACTATING COWS FED UREA-TREATED CORN SILAGE OR GRASS SILAGE

Canadian Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.4141/cjas73-050 ◽

1973 ◽

Vol 53 (2) ◽

pp. 333-337

Author(s):

D. E. WALDERN

Keyword(s):

Crude Protein ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Fiber Content ◽

Nitrogen Utilization ◽

Corn Silage ◽

Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽

N Balance ◽

Acid Detergent Fiber ◽

Grass Silage ◽

Lactating Cows

Nitrogen utilization was studied when eight lactating cows were offered ad libitum urea-treated corn silage (15.3% crude protein) or grass silage (14.5% crude protein), plus a grain ration at 1 kg grain to 3.5 kg of 4% fat-corrected milk, in a digestion and nitrogen (N) balance trial. Analyses of the forages indicated greater acid detergent fiber content for the grass than for the corn silage: 46.8 and 35.1% on a dry matter basis, respectively. Digestibility of dry matter, energy, crude protein, true protein, acid detergent fiber, neutral detergent fiber, and N balance were significantly greater (P < 0.05) for cows fed urea–corn silage than for those fed grass silage. The nitrogen of urea–corn silage was used more efficiently for milk and tissue protein synthesis. Decreased nitrogen utilization for cows fed grass silage was associated with lower energy and higher acid detergent fiber content for grass silage than for urea–corn silage.

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Fermentation characteristics and nutritional quality of elephant grass silage added the buriti fruit peel

Semina Ciências Agrárias ◽

10.5433/1679-0359.2017v38n2p931 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 38 (2) ◽

pp. 931 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Raimundo Ribeiro Ferreira ◽

Leilson Rocha Bezerra ◽

Carlo Aldrovandi Torreão Marques ◽

Jacira Neves da Costa Torreão ◽

Ricardo Loiola Edvan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Insoluble Fraction ◽

Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽

Content Increase ◽

Elephant Grass ◽

Fruit Peel ◽

Grass Silage ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Fermentation Profile

The objective of this research was to evaluated the inclusion of buriti fruit peel as additive on the fermentation profile, losses, chemical composition and degradability of elephant grass silage. We used a completely randomized design with five levels of buriti fruit peel (0, 50, 100, 200 and 400 g kg-1). The silos were opened after 28 days of storage. In situ degradability monitoring was conducted using a split-plot design in which four animals represented the blocks and silage supplemented with five levels of buriti fruit peel represented the treatments. The use of the additive in elephant silage increased dry matter (DM) (P < 0.001), ether extract (EE) (P < 0.001), ash (P < 0.001), neutral detergent fiber (NDF) (P < 0.001) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) (P= 0.0000). The pH (P= 0.0000), N-NH3 (P = 0.024) and there was a decrease in gas losses (P < 0.001), effluent losses and dry matter recovery (P = 0.218) not were influenced by the addition of buriti fruit peel. The inclusion of buriti fruit peel linearly reduced the ruminal degradability DM of soluble fraction (a) (P < 0.001) and potentially degradable insoluble fraction (b) (P < 0.001). The DM content increase with the addition of the buriti fruit peel to the elephant grass silage promotes improvements in the fermentation process, reduces losses of nutrients and ruminal disappearance of dry matter and does not significantly change the chemical composition with the inclusion of 166.7 g kg-1 of the buriti fruit peel.

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In situ degradability of elephant grass ensiled with increasing levels of pineapple agro-industrial by-product

Semina Ciências Agrárias ◽

10.5433/1679-0359.2016v37n4supl1p2807 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 37 (4Supl1) ◽

pp. 2807 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Ana Cristina Holanda Ferreira ◽

Norberto Mario Rodriguez ◽

José Neuman Miranda Neiva ◽

Patrícia Guimarães Pimentel ◽

Silas Primola Gomes ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Experimental Design ◽

Crude Protein ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Corn Silage ◽

Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽

Elephant Grass ◽

Acid Detergent Fiber ◽

Potential Alternative

The objective of this study was to evaluate the in situ degradability of dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), and hemicellulose of elephant grass (Pennisetumpurpureum, Schum.) with increasing levels (0; 35.0; 70.0, 105.0, and 140.0 g kg-1) of dried pineapple (Ananascomosus, L.) by-product (DPBP). The experimental silos consisted of plastic drums with 210 L capacity. After weighing and homogenizing the elephant grass with the DABP, the material was inserted in the silos (126 kg silage, at a density of 600 kg m-3) and compressed. After 45 days of ensilage, silos were opened and samples of the silages were collected for the trial. The study of degradability in situ was conducted using a rumen-fistulated male cattle. The animal was fed with corn silage supplemented with 1 kg concentrate daily. Five levels of addition of the by-product were tested, with three replicates and five times of incubation with an animal. The experimental design was completely randomized with split plots, in which the proportions of DPBP were the treatments (plots), the different silos were the replicates, and the incubation times were the subplots. The levels of inclusion of DPBP provided an increase (P < 0.05) in disappearance of DM and CP and in the effective degradability of DM, NDF, ADF, and hemicellulose. The dried pineapple by-product is a potential alternative to be used as additive in the ensilage of elephant grass, as it provides an increase in the rumen degradability parameters.

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Chemical composition and nutrient degradability in elephant grass silage inoculated with Streptococcus bovis isolated from the rumen

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências ◽

10.1590/0001-37652014112312 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 86 (1) ◽

pp. 465-474 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

DANIELE J. FERREIRA ◽

ANDERSON M. ZANINE ◽

ROGÉRIO P. LANA ◽

MARINALDO D. RIBEIRO ◽

GUILHERME R. ALVES ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Crude Protein ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Soluble Fraction ◽

Elephant Grass ◽

Streptococcus Bovis ◽

Grass Silage ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Fermentation Profile ◽

Streptococcus Bovis Hc5

The objective of the present study was to assess the chemical and bromatological composition and in situ degradability of elephant grass silages inoculated with Streptococcus bovis isolated from cattle rumen. A complete randomized design was used with four treatments and six replications: elephant grass silage, elephant grass silage inoculated with 106 CFU/g Streptococcus bovis JB1 strains; elephant grass silage inoculated with 106 CFU/g Streptococcus bovis HC5 strains; elephant grass silage inoculated with 106 CFU/g Enterococcus faecium with six replications each. The pH and ammoniacal nitrogen values were lower (P<0.05) for the silages inoculated with Streptococcus bovis JB1 and HC5, respectively. The silage inoculated with Streptococcus bovis had a higher crude protein content (P<0.05) and there were no differences for the fiber contents in the silage. The (a)soluble fraction degradability, especially in the silages inoculated with Streptococcus bovis JB1 and HC5, had higher values, 30.77 and 29.97%, for dry matter and 31.01 and 36.66% for crude protein, respectively. Inoculation with Streptococcus bovis improved the fermentation profile, protein value and rumen degradability of the nutrients.

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Nutritional value of elephant grass genotypes

Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira ◽

10.1590/s0100-204x2017001000016 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 52 (10) ◽

pp. 951-955 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Paulo Henrique de Souza ◽

Cristian Faturi ◽

Luiz Fernando de Souza Rodrigues ◽

Ednaldo da Silva Filho ◽

Aníbal Coutinho do Rêgo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chemical Composition ◽

Crude Protein ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Nutritional Value ◽

Nutritive Value ◽

Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽

Pennisetum Purpureum ◽

Elephant Grass ◽

Acid Detergent Fiber ◽

Nutritive Values

Abstract: The objective of this work was to assess the nutritive value of four elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum) genotypes. The chemical composition, intake by sheep, and digestibility of different genotypes (G1, G2, G3, and G4) were evaluated. A dry matter (DM) digestibility assay was performed with total leftovers and feces collected from 20 sheep kept in metabolic cages. G3 had lower DM intake in grams per animal per day compared with G1 and G2, and it had greater digestibility, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber, and acid detergent fiber values. G1, G2, and G4 have the best nutritive values among the evaluated genotypes.

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Performance and digestibility of confined lambs fed with Babassu cake (Orbignya speciosa) as a substitute for elephant grass silage

Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia ◽

10.1590/1678-4162-10512 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 71 (3) ◽

pp. 977-982

Author(s):

J.B. Luz ◽

D.I. Gomes ◽

E.R. Santos Neta ◽

R. Mezzomo ◽

L.R.S. Oliveira ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Weight Gain ◽

Crude Protein ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽

Carcass Weight ◽

Daily Weight Gain ◽

Elephant Grass ◽

Ether Extract ◽

Grass Silage ◽

Babassu Cake

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the partial replacement of elephant grass silage with babassu (Orbignya speciosa) on the performance, intake, digestibility, and carcass weight gain of sheep. Fifty-four castrated male lambs (19.08±2.76kg) were distributed in a completely randomized design and administered one of the following treatments: 0.0, 12.5, 25.0, 37.5 or 50% dry matter (%DM) replacement of elephant grass silage with babassu cake. No difference (P> 0.05) was observed in the dry matter, crude protein, and neutral detergent fiber intake, but the ether extract intake increased (P< 0.05). The digestibility of the dry matter, neutral detergent fiber, and total digestible nutrients were unaffected. The crude protein digestibility decreased (P< 0.05), and the ether extract digestibility increased with the replacement of the elephant grass. There were no changes in mean daily weight gain and carcass weight gain. In the carcasses, a linear increase was observed in the proportion of the ether extract, and the crude protein decreased. The replacement of the silage with the babassu cake by up to 50% did not change the performance of sheep, however it led to an increase in fat deposit in the carcass.

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