scholarly journals Rehospitalization rates of patients with schizophrenia discharged on haloperidol, risperidone or clozapine

2007 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 207-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Paula Werneck de Castro ◽  
Helio Elkis
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Medical School ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
The Other ◽  
Naturalistic Study ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Kaplan Meier ◽  
Confounding Variables ◽  
Product Limit ◽  
Haloperidol Group

OBJECTIVE:The purpose of this study was to evaluate the rehospitalization rates of patients discharged from the Institute of Psychiatry of the Hospital das Clínicas of the Universidade de São Paulo Medical School while being treated with haloperidol, risperidone or clozapine. METHOD: This is a naturalistic study designed to monitor rehospitalization rates for patients discharged on haloperidol (n = 43), risperidone (n = 22) or clozapine (n = 31). Time to readmission over the course of three years was measured by the product-limit (Kaplan-Meier) method. Risk factors associated with rehospitalizations were examined. RESULTS: At 36 months, remained in the community 74% of the haloperidol-treated patients, 59% of the risperidone-treated patients and 84% of the clozapine-treated patients. The haloperidol group showed a higher proportion of women, a late age of onset and shorter length of illness than the other groups, whereas the opposite was observed in the clozapine group. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that the rehospitalization rates of patients taking clozapine are lower than the rate for patients treated with haloperidol and risperidone. However confounding variables such as gender distribution and age of onset represent limitations that should be taken into account for the interpretation of the results.

scholarly journals Correction to: Risk factors associated with academic difficulty in an Australian regionally located medical school

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bunmi S. Malau-Aduli ◽  
Teresa O’Connor ◽  
Robin A. Ray ◽  
Yolanda van der Kruk ◽  
Michelle Bellingan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Medical School ◽  
Academic Difficulty ◽  
Factors Associated

Epidemic Keratoconjunctivitis: Report of an Outbreak in an Ophthalmology Practice and Recommendations for Prevention

1984 ◽  
Vol 5 (8) ◽  
pp. 390-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
James W. Buehler ◽  
Robert J. Finton ◽  
Richard A. Goodman ◽  
Keewhan Choi ◽  
John C. Hierholzer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
The Other ◽  
Adenovirus Infection ◽  
Eye Care ◽  
Epidemic Keratoconjunctivitis ◽  
Foreign Body Removal ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Control Study

AbstractIn Fall 1981, an outbreak of acute infectious conjunctivitis with keratitis (EKC) occurred in patients who had visited a private ophthalmology clinic just prior to onset of illness. Among an estimated 2,200 patient visits to the office from August 10 to October 15, 1981 for problems unrelated to infectious conjunctivitis, 39 (1.8%) persons subsequently developed EKC. The median incubation period was 6.5 days (range, 1 to 14 days). A case-control study was done to identify risk factors associated with contracting EKC; patients with EKC were more likely than control patients to have been examined by one or the other of two of the four ophthalmologists at the clinic and to have undergone procedures such as tonometry or foreign body removal. Adenovirus was isolated from conjunctival swabs from four of five persons with conjunctivitis; three were type 8 and one was type 7. Recognition of the problem and improved handwashing practices were associated with terminating the outbreak. This outbreak illustrates the potential for transmission of adenovirus infection during the provision of eye care. Infection control practitioners should be familiar with measures for the prevention of such infections among ophthalmology patients.

scholarly journals Risk factors associated with academic difficulty in an Australian regionally located medical school

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bunmi S. Malau-Aduli ◽  
Teresa O’Connor ◽  
Robin A. Ray ◽  
Yolanda van der Kruk ◽  
Michelle Bellingan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Medical School ◽  
Academic Difficulty ◽  
Factors Associated

scholarly journals Factors Associated with Mortality in Patients with Gastric Cancer at a Reference Hospital

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 65-70
Author(s):  
Francisca Bruna Arruda Aragão ◽  
Gerusinete Rodrigues Bastos dos Santos ◽  
Gabrielle Vieira Da Silva Brasil ◽  
Bruno Carvalho Campelo ◽  
Ana Patrícia Fonseca Coelho Galvão ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Cancer Staging ◽  
Metropolitan Region ◽  
Mortality Factors ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Kaplan Meier ◽  
Reference Hospital ◽  
Epidemiological Profile

Background: Gastric cancer (GC) is the second cause of death by tumor in the world. In Brazil, the survival rate of patients with GC is only five years, due to the low rates of early diagnosis, with about 10 to 15% of the cases. Thus, this study aims to evaluate the factors associated with mortality in CG patients treated at a reference hospital. Method: The study was carried out based on the survey of 96 medical records of patients diagnosed with GC, whose analyzed data were: sex, age, educational level, occupation (socioeconomic level), and risk factors, such as smoking, alcohol consumption, family history of cancer, staging and type of treatment adopted, among other variables. Statistical analysis was performed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS-PC) and Kaplan-Meier for survival analysis. Absolute and relative frequencies were calculated for all variables. Results: The sample consisted mainly of male patients with stable union, brown-colored, who lived in the metropolitan region and presented low schooling. In addition, risk factors such as smoking and alcoholism presented a high prevalence in the sample. Regarding mortality, factors such as arterial hypertension (p = 0.1581), diabetes (p = 0.3212), and alcohol consumption (p = 0.6704) were not associated with increased mortality in this study.Conclusion: The clinical and epidemiological profile of patients with GC presented a low degree of tumor differentiation, with predominance of the mixed or unclassifiable subtype. In addition, the majority of the sample was composed of patients living in the metropolitan region and the main form of treatment adopted was surgical intervention in combination with chemotherapy.

scholarly journals RSV and exposure to cigarette smoking as risk factors for severe bronchiolitis in a tropical country

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jefferson A. Buendia ◽  
Ranniery Acuña-Cordero
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Respiratory Effort ◽  
Tropical Country ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Confounding Variables ◽  
Binomial Regression ◽  
Current Exposure

Abstract Objetive: This study aims to identify risk factors associated with severe bronchiolitis in children. In a retrospective cohort study, we included all infants younger than two years of age in tertiary centers in Rionegro, Colombia, hospitalized due to bronchiolitis from January 2019 to December 2019. Severe bronchiolitis was defined as rhinorrhea, cough, tachypnea, wheezing, rales, and increased respiratory effort (e.g., grunting, nasal flaring, and intercostal and/or subcostal retraction), with symptoms of severity (e.g., increased respiratory rate, retractions, and oxygen saturation at 90% or lower). To identify factors independently associated with severe bronchiolitis, we used log-binomial regression and estimate prevalences ratio (PR) and adjust for potential confounding variables Results: Of a total of 417 included, 300 (72.12%) have severe bronchiolitis. After modeling and controlling for potential confounders in the multivariate analysis: RSV isolation (PR 1.15 95%CI 1.03–1.29) and current exposure to cigarette smoking (PR 1.19 95%CI 1.04–1.35) were independent predictors of severe bronchiolitis. We concluded that RSV and exposure to cigarette smoking are independent predictors of severe bronchiolitis. These potentially modifiable variables associated with severity should guide future interventions to reduce the morbidity and economic burden of bronchiolitis in our population.

scholarly journals Preoperative Anemia and Thrombocytosis Predict Adverse Prognosis in Non-Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma With Tumor Thrombus

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lulin Ma ◽  
Xiao Ruotao ◽  
Xu Chuxiao ◽  
He Wei ◽  
Liu Lei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Renal Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Prognostic Factors ◽  
Tumor Thrombus ◽  
Preoperative Anemia ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Node Metastasis ◽  
Kaplan Meier ◽  
Metastatic Rcc ◽  
Grade Iii

Abstract Objection: The aim of the study was to determine the prognostic value of preoperative blood parameters in patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and tumor thrombus (TT) treated surgically.Method: we retrospectively analyzed 152 patients diagnosis with RCC and TT and treated surgically. Clinicopathologic data and blood parameter were obtained. Univariable and multivariable analysis using the Cox regression model were performed to determine risk factors that were associated with progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Kaplan-Meier curve and logistic regression were performed to analyze the risk factors.Results: Preoperative Hgb＜120g/L (HR=2.48, P=0.024) and lymph node metastasis (HR=3.98, P=0.032) were an independent prognostic factors associated with OS. Preoperative PLT≥300×109/L (HR=2.10, P=0.014) and lymph node metastasis (HR=3.42, P=0.021) were an independent prognostic factors associated with PFS. In Kaplan–Meier survival analysis, preoperative anemia had worse OS than without anemia (P=0.003) and thrombocytosis had worse PFS than without thrombocytosis (P=0.001). Preoperative anemia were associated with more symptomatic (P=0.009), surgical time≥6h (P=0.016), Blood loss≥1000ml (P=0.014), transfusion(P=0.012), higher thrombus level (III-IV) (P=0.004) and higher nuclear grade (III-IV) (P=0.002) while thrombocytosis were associated with more symptomatic (P=0.008) and higher nuclear grade (III-IV) (P=0.042)Conclusions: Preoperative anemia and thrombocytosis was associated with adverse prognosis in patients with non-metastatic RCC with TT. Both preoperative hemoglobin level and platelet count may be clinical useful for risk stratifying patients receiving operation for non-metastatic RCC with TT.

scholarly journals Factors Associated with the Occurrence of Cyanotic Spells in Tetralogy of Fallot Patients

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 227-30
Author(s):  
Teddy Ontoseno
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Child Health ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Medical School ◽  
Tetralogy Of Fallot ◽  
Conventional Treatment ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Brain Abscesses

A study was carried out on 114 tetralogy of Fallot patients attending the Department of Child Health, Medical School, University of Airlangga/Dr. Soetomo Hospital between 1 January 1988 to 31 December 1992. Only 81 patients fulfilled our study criteria where 52 (64.2'%) were cases with complications such as cyanotic spells, 4 (4 .93%) among them had brain abscesses. Twenty-nine individuals without complications acted as controls. Age, sex, nutritional status, hematocrit, MCHC and onset of symptoms between the two groups were analyzed using the multiple regression logistic. It has been shown that relative anemia, polycythemia and the age of 2-5 years contributed to the onset of cyanotic spells, respectively, R = 0.3171 and p = 0 .0004; R = 0.2220 and p = 0 .0073; R = 0.1363 and p = 0.00465. Therefore, in conventional treatment of tetralogy of Fallot patients it is essential to observe these risk factors in order to avoid complications and to improve the quality of life in these patients who are on the waiting list for surgery.

scholarly journals P0570THE INCIDENCE, RISK FACTORS OF ACUTE KIDNEY DISEASES AND DISORDERS AND ITS IMPACT ON CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE IN PATIENTS AFTER RADICAL CYSTECTOMY

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (Supplement_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shengnan Ge ◽  
Ying Tang ◽  
Junzhe Chen ◽  
Wenjuan Yu ◽  
Anping Xu
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Radical Cystectomy ◽  
Kidney Diseases ◽  
Operation Time ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Kaplan Meier ◽  
Incidence Risk

Abstract Background and Aims Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a widely-discussed complication associated with the radical cystectomy which is the gold standard for the management of invasive bladder cancer. Until now, few studies investigate the new criteria named Acute Kidney Diseases and Disorders(AKD) as the complication of radical cystectomy. In this study, we evaluated the incidence, risk factors of AKD and evaluate its impact on chronic kidney disease (CKD) in patients after radical cystectomy. Method A total of 279 patients who underwent radical cystectomy at Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou, China, from January 2006 to June 2019 were evaluated, including 168 patients for Robotic-assisted Laparoscopic Radical Cystectomy (RLRC) and 111 patients for Laparoscopic Radical Cystectomy(LRC). AKD was diagnosed according to the classification scheme proposed in the 2012 KDIGO guideline. Logistic regression modeling was used to explore risk factors of AKD, while risk factors associated with CKD in AKD patients were investigated using Kaplan-Meier analysis, respectively. Results The overall incidence of AKD after radical cystectomy was 34.1% (95 out of 279) ,the incidences differ significantly between the RLRC and LRC groups (67 [39.9%] vs 28 [25.2%], P=0.011). Among 279 patients, risk factors associated with postoperative AKD included RLRC (OR 2.067, 95%CI 1.188 to 3.595, P=0.010), Age (years) (OR 1.046, 95%CI 1.018 to 1.074, P=0.001), baseline eGFR<60(ml/(min.1.73m2) (OR 2.662, 95%CI 1.355 to 5.230, P=0.004), Further subgroup analysis identified age, operation time<250(min) as important risk factors of AKD in RLRC patients but not in LRC patients. Of 211 patients with a preoperative estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of > 60 ml/min/1.73 m2, CKD developed in 16.0% (21/ 131) of patients in the non-AKD group and 36.3% (29/ 80) of patients in the AKD group. Kaplan-Meier analysis(shown in figure 1) identified that AKD is associated with higher CKD rates in those patients (P <0.001). Conclusion One-third of bladder cancer patients developed AKD after after radical cystectomy. RLRC, Age, baseline eGFR <60(ml/(min.1.73m2) were independent risk factors for postoperative AKD in all patients. Occurance of AKD could increase the risk of new-onset CKD in the long run. Though the use of RLRC is now well established, we should be aware that it may increase the risk of postoperative AKD, especially for patients who are old and with lower eGFR .Besides, we should try to improve the management of those AKD patients with aim toward preventing further development of CKD.

Hemoglobin Value Is the Most Important Factor in the Development of Hand-Foot Syndrome under the Capecitabine Regimen

Chemotherapy ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masahito Naito ◽  
Tomoya Yamamoto ◽  
Shinsuke Hara ◽  
Chikao Shimamoto ◽  
Yoshihiro Miwa
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Operating Characteristic ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Occurrence Rate ◽  
Common Side Effect ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Kaplan Meier ◽  
Hand Foot Syndrome

Background: Hand-foot syndrome (HFS) is a common side effect that has a high occurrence rate with capecitabine (Cape) chemotherapy. However, little is known about the risk factors of developing HFS under the Cape regimen. Our aim was to examine these risk factors. Methods: A univariate analysis was used to determine the risk factors associated with developing HFS, and we calculated the effect sizes between the patients who developed HFS compared to those who did not. Results: Of the 52 patients enrolled in our research, 24 (46.2%) developed HFS. This group was significantly associated with hemoglobin (Hb) values (p < 0.001), and the effect size (1.21) was more than moderate. The receiver operating characteristic curve analysis confirmed 12 mg/dl Hb as the best diagnostic cut-off value for developing HFS. The sensitivity and specificity were 75.5 and 88.2%, respectively. Patients who had Hb values of 12 or below who developed HFS had longer median times without HFS compared to patients with high Hb values (115 vs. 75 days, p = 0.30, hazard ratio = 1.42, 95% CI 0.73-2.76) and a greater area under the Kaplan-Meier curves (p < 0.05). Conclusion: This research suggests that the Hb value is an important factor for developing HFS.

Epidemiology of Recurrent Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Henan Province, China: Observational study (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Jiang ◽  
Jinfeng Yin ◽  
Fangchao Liu ◽  
Yuxia Yao ◽  
Chao Cai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Standard Treatment ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Infection Type ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Epidemiological Features ◽  
Kaplan Meier ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics

BACKGROUND A subset of patients who complete standard treatment for pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) develop TB recurrence. OBJECTIVE This study characterized the epidemiological features of recurrent PTB patients to estimate recurrence probability associated with different smear test results and examine risk factors associated with recurrence. METHODS Using 2005-2018 provincial surveillance data from Henan, China, we described the epidemiologic and bacteriological features of recurrent PTB. The Kaplan-Meier method was used to estimate hazards of recurrent PTB and calculate PTB recurrence probability and risk factors. RESULTS The number of PTB has been decreasing significantly for 14 years, however, the number of recurrent cases dramatically increased from 5 in 2005 to 2,234 in 2018. A total of 7,143 (1·5%) patients had recurrence, and 21·1% tested bacteriological positive on both laboratory tests (positive–positive), and 34·9% tested negative-negative. The first and second recurrence probability were increasing from 0.2% and 2.0% at 10 months to 0.6% and 5.2% at 40 months after the completion of treatment, respectively. Patients with different gender, age, infection type, treatment time and region have different recurrent probability and risk. CONCLUSIONS The increase of recurrent cases has become one of the new and emphasized stumbling block preventing China from achieving WHO’s target of eradicating TB and should actively enact measures to control based on its epidemiological characteristics.

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