In vitro evaluation of apical microleakage using different root-end filling materials

The objective of this study was to evaluate the apical leakage of retrograde cavities filled with Portland Cement (Concrebrás S/A-MG-Brazil), ProRoot MTA TM (Dentsply International, Johnson City, TN, USA) and Sealapex (Kerr Corporation, Orange, California, USA) with addition of zinc oxide (Odahcam Herpo Produtos Dentários Ltda, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil). Forty-two extracted single-rooted human teeth were decoronated and used for this study. The root canals were instrumented at 1.0mm short of the apical foramen using the step-back technique to an apical ISO size 60. The roots were obturated with gutta-percha points and sealer Sealapex (Kerr Corporation-USA) and then 3mm of each root apex was sectioned at a 90° angle. Ultrasonic retrograde preparation was performed with a diamond tip to 3mm depth and the roots were randomly divided into 3 groups according to the filling material: G1-Portland, G2-ProRoot MTA, G3- Sealapex zinc oxide-added cement. The root surfaces were covered with nail varnish up to 2mm from the apical foramen, immersed in simulated tissue fluid for 30 days, and then immersed in 0.2% Rhodamine B solution for 24 hours for evaluation of marginal leakage. The results showed mean leakage of 0.75, 0.35 and 0.35 for groups 1, 2 and 3, respectively; however, Kruskal-Wallis test revealed that there was no statistically significant difference among the results (p>0.05).

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Effectiveness of Three Rotary Niti Instruments and Hand Instrumentation in Removing Gutta Percha from Root Canals: an in vitro Study

Dental Journal of Advance Studies ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1672031 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 03 (03) ◽

pp. 152-158

Author(s):

Varun Jindal ◽

Ajay Chhabra ◽

◽

Keyword(s):

In Vitro Study ◽

Radiographic Analysis ◽

Filling Material ◽

Universal System ◽

Root Canals ◽

Gutta Percha ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Niti Instruments ◽

Hand Instrumentation

Abstract Objectives: The study aimed to assess variation in the remaining filling material by radiographic analysis and the time taken for retreatment system, with H-files; the ProTaper Universal Retreatment System; Mtwo retreatment system and the SybronEndo K3. Methods: 120 human mandibular premolars with single straight root canals were prepared with rotary twisted files (up to size 40/0.04) using the crown down technique and filled by cold lateral condensation and the radiographs were taken. After one week, teeth were divided into four groups (n = 30). Gutta-percha was removed using H-files, the ProTaper Universal Retreatment System, Mtwo system and the K3 System. After retreatment radiographs were taken for each sample and the remaining material was calculated for each canal third. Results: Rotary NiTi instruments were significantly faster than the hand instrumentation technique in performing the retreatment. In radiographic analysis there was significant difference in between the groups for coronal third in ProTaper group and for apical third in H-file group. Conclusions: In the radiographic analysis the ProTaper Universal System left less filling material in the coronal third and the H-files left less filling material in apical third as compared to other groups. Rotary instruments worked faster than H files.

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Comparative study of coronal sealing ability using root cross sections method

Stomatoloski glasnik Srbije ◽

10.2298/sgs0704224m ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 54 (4) ◽

pp. 224-230

Author(s):

Dejan Markovic ◽

Vesna Zivojinovic ◽

Slavoljub Zivkovic

Keyword(s):

Cross Sections ◽

Root Canal ◽

Smear Layer ◽

Blue Dye ◽

Human Teeth ◽

Root Canals ◽

Dye Penetration ◽

Gutta Percha ◽

Significant Difference

Objective: An in vitro comparison of coronal microleakage of three root canal sealers was performed using the dye leakage method. Methodology: Ninety-eight single-rooted human teeth were instrumented and randomly allocated to two groups. In the first group, root canals were treated with EDTA to remove the smear layer. The roots in both groups were obturated using laterally condensed gutta-percha and Sealapex, AH-26 or Ketac-Endo as the sealer. The teeth were suspended in 1% methylene blue dye for 6 days. The teeth were then rinsed, sectioned perpendicular to the long axis and evaluated for coronal dye penetration. Results: In general, Ketac-Endo root canal sealer showed greater dye penetration than Sealapex and AH-26. A statistically significant difference in the coronal penetration of the dye was found in the group with intact smear layer. Conclusion: Highly significant differences between AH-26 and Ketac-Endo (p < 0.001) and Sealapex and Ketac Endo (p < 0.001) were found.

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Sealing Ability of Endodontic Cements: An In Vitro Study

International Journal of Dentistry ◽

10.1155/2020/5862598 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

Amira Kikly ◽

Sabra Jaâfoura ◽

Dorra Kammoun ◽

Saida Sahtout

Keyword(s):

In Vitro Study ◽

Resin Cement ◽

Apical Region ◽

Filling Material ◽

Root Canals ◽

Gutta Percha ◽

Sealing Ability ◽

Adhesive Dentistry ◽

Significant Difference

The root canal system must be obturated using a hermetic seal to prevent the penetration of microorganisms and bacterial toxins into the endodontic system. The principles of adhesive dentistry have been increasingly used in endodontics. In fact, resin-based sealers are increasingly used. The objective of this study was to evaluate, in vitro, the sealing ability of resin cement in comparison with calcium hydroxide-based cement. Materials and Methods. Eighty root canals were prepared with the Tilos system and were randomly divided into four groups according to the filling material. The best combination was evaluated on the basis of its sealing ability. The dye infiltration degree was evaluated using both a stereomicroscope after diaphanization and the dye rise test. Results. A significant difference was observed between the four obturation systems with regard to the number of infiltrated walls (p=0.014) and the infiltration depth (p=0.025). The group of teeth obturated with EndoREZ® and EndoREZ® gutta cones differ significantly from the group obturated with EndoREZ® cement and gutta-percha cones in terms of apical sealing (p=0.011). A significant difference was also observed between the group of teeth obturated using EndoREZ® gutta cones and EndoREZ® cement and the group of teeth obturated with EndoREZ® cement (p=0.026). Conclusion. When used with EndoREZ® gutta cones, EndoREZ® cement showed the best sealing ability, particularly in the apical region. When used with gutta-percha cones, Acroseal and EndoREZ® cements exhibited similar sealing abilities.

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The Antibacterial Efficacy of Biopure MTAD in Root Canal Contaminated with Enterococcus faecalis

ISRN Dentistry ◽

10.5402/2012/390526 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2012 ◽

pp. 1-5 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Blerim Kamberi ◽

Donika Bajrami ◽

Miranda Stavileci ◽

Shuhreta Omeragiq ◽

Fatmir Dragidella ◽

...

Keyword(s):

In Vitro Study ◽

Sodium Hypochlorite Solution ◽

Antibacterial Efficacy ◽

Human Teeth ◽

Exact Test ◽

Hypochlorite Solution ◽

Root Canals ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Level Of Significance

Aim. The purpose of this in vitro study was to assess the antimicrobial efficacy of Biopure MTAD against E. faecalis in contaminated root canals. Materials and Methods. Forty-two single rooted extracted human teeth were inoculated with E. faecalis and incubated for four weeks. The samples were divided in two control and five experimental groups irrigated with 1.5% sodium hypochlorite solution (NaOCl); 3% NaOCl; BioPure MTAD; 1.5% NaOCl/17% EDTA; or 3% NaOCl/17% EDTA. After a one-week incubation, complete disinfection was confirmed by the absence of turbidity in the incubation media. Dentin shavings were taken from samples with no turbidity to verify whether E. faecalis was present in dentin tubules. Results were analyzed statistically using Fisher's exact test, with the level of significance set at . Results. Statistical analysis of the data obtained at Day 7 and after dentin shaving analysis showed that BioPure MTAD had significantly greater antibacterial activity than 1.5% NaOCl, 1.5% NaOCl/17% EDTA and 3% NaOCl/17% EDTA. No significant difference was detected between MTAD and 3% NaOCl. Conclusions. These findings suggest that BioPure MTAD possesses superior bactericidal activity compared with NaOCl and EDTA against E. faecalis.

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Efficacy Of Two NI-TI Retreatment Systems and Hand Files in Removing Gutta-Percha and Sealer From Root Canals Filled With Three Different Types of Sealers

Dental Journal of Advance Studies ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1672018 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 03 (02) ◽

pp. 071-079

Author(s):

Rajender Singh ◽

Ashu Gupta ◽

Vishal Sharma

Keyword(s):

Operating Time ◽

Filling Material ◽

Test Results ◽

Root Canals ◽

Gutta Percha ◽

Honestly Significant Difference ◽

Working Length ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Hand Instrumentation ◽

Difference Test

Abstract Objectives: This study was undertaken to evaluate the efficiency of two rotary nickel titanium instruments and hand instrumentation in removing gutta-percha and sealer from root canals. Study design: – 63 extracted human single rooted premolars were instrumented with K-files and filled using lateral compaction of gutta-percha (GP) and three different sealers. The teeth were randomly divided into three experimental groups of 21 specimens each. Removal of gutta-percha was performed with R-Endo retreatment files, Mtwo retreatment files and Hedstrom files. Time to reach working length and to eliminate filling material was also recorded. The specimens were sectioned for evaluation of the area of the remaining gutta-percha/sealer under stereomicroscope at 6X magnification. Photographs were taken for further analysis using computer image analysis program. The results were statistically analyzed using Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey’s honestly significant difference test. Results: The R-Endo retreatment system resulted in a smaller percentage of canal area covered by residual GP/sealer than in other groups, a significant difference was found between R-Endo and Mtwo group and between Hedstrom groups (P < 0.001). The Mean operating time was minimum with R-Endo group while it was found to be maximum with hand files. Conclusion: It was concluded that all test techniques left gutta-percha/sealer remnants within the root canal. The R-Endo retreatment files and Mtwo retreatment files system proved to be an efficient method for removing gutta-percha and sealer from single rooted premolars.

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Influence of different auxiliary agents of biomechanical preparation in the filling of "artificially prepared" lateral canals

Journal of Applied Oral Science ◽

10.1590/s1678-77572005000200010 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 147-151 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Daniela Ribeiro da Silva ◽

Ivaldo Gomes de Moraes

Keyword(s):

Penetration Rate ◽

Hybrid Technique ◽

Human Teeth ◽

Root Canals ◽

Filling Materials ◽

Rotary Instruments ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Group A ◽

Group B ◽

Group D

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the influence of some auxiliary agents of biomechanical preparation of the root canal on the filling of artificial lateral canals in extracted human teeth. A total of eighty single-rooted teeth were employed, which were submitted to preparation of three artificial lateral canals in one of the proximal aspects at the cervical, middle and apical thirds, besides one in the buccal aspect. The main canals were prepared by Profile 0.4 rotary instruments through the crown-down technique and irrigated with the irrigants investigated, as follows: Group A - 1% sodium hypochlorite and final irrigation with trisodium EDTA for 5 minutes; Group B - Endogel (2% chlorhexidine gel); Group C - Endo PTC and Dakin's solution and final irrigation with Tergentol- Furacin; and Group D - File Eze. The root canals were obturated by the Tagger's hybrid technique and then radiographed for assessment of the penetration rate of the filling materials in the lateral canals. Analysis of the results demonstrated no statistically significant difference (p<0.05) between the irrigants both to each other and as regards the location (thirds and aspects) of the artificial lateral canals.

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Effectiveness of hand and Mtwo™ instruments in preparing oval-shaped root canals: in vitro study

Revista da Faculdade de Odontologia - UPF ◽

10.5335/rfo.v21i2.5322 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 21 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Fernanda Diederichs Coutinho ◽

Renata Dornelles Morgental ◽

Simone Bonato Luisi ◽

Fabiana Vieira Vier-Pelisser ◽

Patricia Maria Poli Kopper

Keyword(s):

Root Canal ◽

In Vitro Study ◽

Root Apex ◽

Conventional Technique ◽

Basic Sequence ◽

Preparation Technique ◽

Root Canals ◽

Canal Area ◽

Significant Difference

Objective: This study evaluated through stereomicroscopy the effectiveness of hand and rotary instrumentation techniques, either isolated or combined, in the preparation of oval-shaped root canals. Materials and method: Thirty single-rooted human mandibular incisors were selected. After endodontic access and coronal preflaring, teeth were mounted in a modified Bramante muffle and then sectioned transversely at 3 and 6 mm from the root apex. Images of each section were made under a stereomicroscope at 30× magnification. Teeth were reassembled in the muffle and divided into three groups (n=10) according to the root canal preparation technique: GI - rotary preparation with Mtwo™ basic sequence (10/.04; 15/.05; 20/.06; 25/.06), followed by Mtwo™ complementary instruments (30/.05; 35/.04; 40/.04); GII - rotary preparation with Mtwo™ basic sequence, complemented by hand instruments (#30, #35 and #40); GIII - hand instrumentation using the conventional technique (#10 to #40). All instruments were used in brushing motion. The muffles were separated again so that new images of each section could be obtained. The following parameters were evaluated in pre- and postoperative images: root canal area; perimeter; mesiodistal (MD) and buccolingual (BL) diameters; and mesial (M) and distal (D) wall thickness. Next, the values measured in post- and preoperative images were subtracted forcomparison of experimental groups. Data were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test (α=0.05). Results: No significant difference between groups was observed for all parameters. Conclusion: There was no difference among hand, rotary, or combined instrumentation; all techniques were able to increase root canal area, perimeter, and diameter in MD and BL directions. Moreover, the amount of dentin wearon proximal root canal walls was similar for all tested groups.

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Influence of calcium hydroxide points on the quality of intracanal dressing filling

Journal of Applied Oral Science ◽

10.1590/s1678-77572006000300014 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 14 (3) ◽

pp. 219-223 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Nicole de Mello Rahde ◽

José Antonio Poli Figueiredo ◽

Elias Pandonor Motcy Oliveira

Keyword(s):

Calcium Hydroxide ◽

Root Canal Filling ◽

Human Teeth ◽

Significance Level ◽

Root Canals ◽

Gutta Percha ◽

Group 2 ◽

Post Hoc

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to evaluate, in vitro, the quality of calcium hydroxide [Ca(OH)2] paste filling (Ultracal, Ultradent) associated or not with Ca(OH)2-containing gutta-percha points (Calcium Hydroxide Plus PointsTM, Roeko) in curved root canals. MATERIAL AND METHODS: One hundred and twenty roots of extracted human teeth, randomly divided into three curvature ranges (mild - 0 to 14º; moderate - 15º to 29º; severe - >30º) were used. After chemomechanical preparation, the roots were assigned to 4 groups (n=30), according to the technique of intracanal dressing placement: group 1 - Ca(OH)2 paste was applied with a lentulo spiral; group 2 - Ca(OH)2 paste was applied with a lentulo spiral and a Ca(OH)2 point was inserted into the canal; group 3 - Ca(OH)2 paste was applied with a NavitipTM tip (supplied with Ultracal system); group 4 - Ca(OH)2 paste was applied with a NavitipTM tip and a Ca(OH)2 point was inserted into the canal. The roots were cleared and the quality of apical third filling was assessed by a calibrated experienced examiner. The specimens were examined under stereomicroscopy and scored 1 to 4 (i.e., from inadequate to complete root canal filling). The results were analyzed statistically by ANOVA and Duncan's post hoc test at 5% significance level. RESULTS: There were no statistically significant differences (p>0.05) among the curvature degrees in groups 1, 3 and 4. Severely curved roots in group 2 presented bordering significance (p=0.05). The groups that associated the use of Ca(OH)2 paste and points (2 and 4) showed better apical filling than the other groups, but this difference was statistically significant (p<0.001) only for roots with severe curvature. CONCLUSION: According to the results of this study, the curvature degree did not influence the quality of filling. The techniques that used Ca(OH)2-containing gutta-percha points yielded better filling of the apical third in roots with severe curvature.

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Microbial Leakage of Cavit, IRM, and Temp Bond in Post-prepared Root Canals Using Two Methods of Gutta-percha Removal: An In Vitro Study

The Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice ◽

10.5005/jcdp-6-3-53 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 6 (3) ◽

pp. 53-61 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Hanan Balto ◽

Saad Al-Nazhan ◽

Khulood Al-Mansour ◽

Moneera Al-Otaibi ◽

Yunus Siddiqu

Keyword(s):

Root Canal ◽

Bacterial Suspension ◽

Control Group ◽

Endodontically Treated Teeth ◽

Root Canals ◽

Gutta Percha ◽

Working Length ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Post Space

Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the integrity of the coronal seal of Temp-Bond and compare it to Cavit and IRM after post space preparation using S. faecalis as a microbial tracer. In addition, the affect of two methods of gutta percha removal on the apical seal of root canal fillings was also evaluated. Forty extracted human single rooted teeth were prepared chemomechanically and obturated with gutta percha and AH26 sealer cement using the lateral cold condensation technique to a standardized working length of 15 mm. About 10 mm of the coronal gutta-percha was removed with either Peeso-reamer or a hot plugger. The roots were divided into three experimental groups of 10 roots and a control group. Each experimental group was subdivided equally into two groups of 15 each according to the method of post space preparation. Cavit, IRM, and Temp-Bond were used to seal the access opening. Each root was fixed in a cuvette containing Tryptic Soya Broth which, covered 2 mm of the root apex. Bacterial suspension was introduced through pipette. Fresh bacterial suspension was added every week, and the system was monitored daily for the growth of microorganisms for a period of one month. The results showed there was no significant difference in terms of coronal leakage between the three coronal materials used (P=0.478), but the methods of gutta-percha removal did have an impact on the apical leakage (P=0.047). The mean value showed the Peeso-reamer provided less leakage compared to using a hot plugger during the 30-day experimental time period. It was concluded the temporary type of coronal seal of endodontically treated teeth will not prevent coronal leakage if left for a long period of time. In addition, permanent cementation of the post with the coronal restoration should be carried out as soon as possible to prevent recontamination of the root canal. Citation Balto H, Al-Nazhan S, Al-Mansour K, Al-Otaibi M, Siddiqu Y. Microbial Leakage of Cavit, IRM, and Temp Bond in Post-prepared Root Canals Using Two Methods of Gutta-percha Removal: An In Vitro Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2005 August;(6)3:053-061.

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In vitro Comparative Evaluation of the Fracture Resistance of Simulated Immature Teeth reinforced with Different Apical Barriers and Obturation Combination

World Journal of Dentistry ◽

10.5005/jp-journals-10015-1377 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 7 (3) ◽

pp. 113-118

Author(s):

Neveen A Shaheen ◽

Nahla G El-Din El-Helbawy

Keyword(s):

Fracture Resistance ◽

Comparative Evaluation ◽

Negative Control ◽

Control Group ◽

Root Canals ◽

Immature Teeth ◽

Gutta Percha ◽

Group I ◽

Significant Difference

ABSTRACT Aim This study aimed to assess and compare the fracture resistance of simulated immature teeth reinforced with Biodentine (BD) and mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) as apical barriers and two root canal backfilling combination (gutta-percha/AH26, MetaSeal). Materials and methods A total of 70 extracted human maxillary incisors were randomly divided into seven groups (n = 10). The positive control group was not instrumented. For the other groups, coronal access was made and root canals were instrumented using the ProTaper, up to F5 followed by six Peeso reamers which were allowed to pass 1 mm beyond the apex to size 6 (1.7 mm) to simulate immature teeth. The apical 4 mm of their root canals was filled with either MTA or BD apical barrier, then backfilled with gutta-percha/AH26 or MetaSeal obturation combination. The negative control group was left unfilled. Composite resin was used to restore the coronal access cavities. The maximum load for fracture of each tooth was recorded utilizing a universal testing machine. Data were analyzed using two-way analysis of variance. Results The noninstrumented group I had the highest fracture resistance and differed significantly (p < 0.05) from the negative control groups. On the contrary, no significant difference was found between BD and MTA groups, regardless of the backfilling combination (p > 0.05). Conclusion There was no difference between MTA and BD apical barriers and the backfilling combination regarding their resistance to root fracture. How to cite this article Shaheen NA, El-Din El-Helbawy NG. In vitro Comparative Evaluation of the Fracture Resistance of Simulated Immature Teeth reinforced with Different Apical Barriers and Obturation Combination. World J Dent 2016;7(3):113-118.

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