Trends in asthma mortality in the 0- to 4-year and 5- to 34-year age groups in Brazil

ABSTRACT Objective: To provide an update on trends in asthma mortality in Brazil for two age groups: 0-4 years and 5-34 years. Methods: Data on mortality from asthma, as defined in the International Classification of Diseases, were obtained for the 1980-2014 period from the Mortality Database maintained by the Information Technology Department of the Brazilian Unified Health Care System. To analyze time trends in standardized asthma mortality rates, we conducted an ecological time-series study, using regression models for the 0- to 4-year and 5- to 34-year age groups. Results: There was a linear trend toward a decrease in asthma mortality in both age groups, whereas there was a third-order polynomial fit in the general population. Conclusions: Although asthma mortality showed a consistent, linear decrease in individuals ≤ 34 years of age, the rate of decline was greater in the 0- to 4-year age group. The 5- to 34-year group also showed a linear decline in mortality, and the rate of that decline increased after the year 2004, when treatment with inhaled corticosteroids became more widely available. The linear decrease in asthma mortality found in both age groups contrasts with the nonlinear trend observed in the general population of Brazil. The introduction of inhaled corticosteroid use through public policies to control asthma coincided with a significant decrease in asthma mortality rates in both subsets of individuals over 5 years of age. The causes of this decline in asthma-related mortality in younger age groups continue to constitute a matter of debate.

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Mortality from idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: a temporal trend analysis in Brazil, 1979-2014

Jornal Brasileiro de Pneumologia ◽

10.1590/s1806-37562017000000035 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 43 (6) ◽

pp. 445-450 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Eduardo Algranti ◽

Cézar Akiyoshi Saito ◽

Diego Rodrigues Mendonça e Silva ◽

Ana Paula Scalia Carneiro ◽

Marco Antonio Bussacos

Keyword(s):

Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽

Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽

Temporal Trend ◽

Population Aging ◽

Age Groups ◽

International Classification Of Diseases ◽

Mortality Rates ◽

Age Group ◽

Classification Of Diseases ◽

And Gender

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze mortality from idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) in Brazil over the period 1979-2014. Methods: Microdata were extracted from the Brazilian National Ministry of Health Mortality Database. Only deaths for which the underlying cause was coded as International Classification of Diseases version 9 (ICD-9) 515 or 516.3 (until 1995) or as ICD version 10 (ICD-10) J84.1 (from 1996 onward) were included in our analysis. Standardized mortality rates were calculated for the 2010 Brazilian population. The annual trend in mortality rates was analyzed by joinpoint regression. We calculated risk ratios (RRs) by age group, time period of death, and gender, using a person-years denominator. Results: A total of 32,092 deaths were recorded in the study period. Standardized mortality rates trended upward, rising from 0.24/100,000 population in 1979 to 1.10/100,000 population in 2014. The annual upward trend in mortality rates had two inflection points, in 1992 and 2008, separating three distinct time segments with an annual growth of 2.2%, 6.8%, and 2.4%, respectively. The comparison of RRs for the age groups, using the 50- to 54-year age group as a reference, and for the study period, using 1979-1984 as a reference, were 16.14 (14.44-16.36) and 6.71 (6.34-7.12), respectively. Men compared with women had higher standardized mortality rates (per 100,000 person-years) in all age groups. Conclusion: Brazilian IPF mortality rates are lower than those of other countries, suggesting underdiagnosis or underreporting. The temporal trend is similar to those reported in the literature and is not explained solely by population aging.

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Analysis of age–sex and deprivation stratified trends in assault deaths in Scotland (1974–2015) to identify age, period or cohort effects

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2019-030064 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. e030064

Author(s):

Jane Parkinson ◽

Jon Minton ◽

Gerry McCartney

Keyword(s):

Age Groups ◽

Young Men ◽

International Classification Of Diseases ◽

Mortality Rates ◽

Cohort Effects ◽

Area Deprivation ◽

Period Effect ◽

Men And Women ◽

Classification Of Diseases ◽

Deprived Areas

ObjectivesMortality rates in Scotland are higher, and health inequalities are greater, than in the rest of Western and Central Europe. There was a marked divergence during the 1980s and 1990s in the Scottish rates partly due to rises in alcohol-related and drug-related deaths, suicide and deaths by assault. This study examines whether age, period or cohort effects account for the trends in death by assault in Scotland and any sex or deprivation inequalities in these.DesignWe calculated crude and age-standardised mortality rates for deaths by assault for Scottish men and women from 1974 to 2015 for the population overall and for populations stratified by Carstairs area of deprivation. We examined age–sex stratified trends to identify obvious age–period–cohort effects.SettingThis study was conducted in Scotland.ParticipantsMen and women whose registered death by the International Classification of Diseases was due to assault from 1974 to 2015 (n=3936) were included in this study.ResultsWhereas age-standardised mortality rates from this cause fell gradually for women since 1974, for men they increased in the early 1990s and remained higher until around 2006, before falling. Death by assault was substantially more common among men aged around 15–50 years and in the most deprived areas. There was little change in the age groups most impacted over time, which made cohort effects unlikely. A period effect for the 15 years until 2006, with a consistent age–sex–area deprivation patterning, was evident.ConclusionsMortality due to assault in Scotland is unequally felt, with young men living in the most deprived areas suffering the highest rates. There is a 15-year period effect up until 2006, impacting on young men as an age–period interaction, with no obvious cohort effects. Exploration of the demographics of criminological data may identify age, period or cohort effects among perpetrators of assault.

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International Analysis of Age-Specific Mortality Rates From Mesothelioma on the Basis of the International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision

Journal of Global Oncology ◽

10.1200/jgo.2017.010116 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 1-15 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Paolo Boffetta ◽

Matteo Malvezzi ◽

Enrico Pira ◽

Eva Negri ◽

Carlo La Vecchia

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Age Groups ◽

International Classification Of Diseases ◽

The United States ◽

Mortality Rates ◽

International Classification ◽

Peritoneal Mesothelioma ◽

Specific Mortality ◽

Classification Of Diseases

Past analyses of mortality data from mesothelioma relied on unspecific codes, such as pleural neoplasms. We calculated temporal trends in age-specific mortality rates in Canada, the United States, Japan, France, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Poland, the United Kingdom, and Australia on the basis of the 10th version of the International Classification of Diseases, which includes a specific code for mesothelioma. Older age groups showed an increase (in the United States, a weaker decrease) during the study period, whereas in young age groups, there was a decrease (in Poland, a weaker increase, starting, however, from low rates). Results were consistent between men and women and between pleural and peritoneal mesothelioma, although a smaller number of events in women and for peritoneal mesothelioma resulted in less precise results. The results show the heterogeneous effect of the reduction of asbestos exposure on different age groups; decreasing mortality in young people reflects reduced exposure opportunity, and increasing mortality in the elderly shows the long-term effect of early exposures.

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Garbage codes as causes of death and quality of mortality statistics in Belo Horizonte, Brazil

European Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1093/eurpub/ckaa165.053 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽

Author(s):

L Ishitani ◽

R Teixeira ◽

D Abreu ◽

L Paixão ◽

E França

Keyword(s):

Causes Of Death ◽

Health Planning ◽

Age Groups ◽

International Classification Of Diseases ◽

Mortality Statistics ◽

Classification Of Diseases ◽

Icd 10 ◽

Hospital Deaths ◽

Belo Horizonte

Abstract Background Quality of cause-of-death information is fundamental for health planning. Traditionally, this quality has been assessed by the analysis of ill-defined causes from chapter XVIII of the International Classification of Diseases - 10th revision (ICD-10). However, studies have considered other useless diagnoses for public health purposes, defined, in conjunction with ill-defined causes, as garbage codes (GC). In Brazil, despite the high completeness of the Mortality Information System, approximately 30% of deaths are attributable to GCs. This study aims to analyze the frequency of GCs in Belo Horizonte municipality, the capital of Minas Gerais state, Brazil. Methods Data of deaths from 2011 to 2013 in Belo Horizonte were analyzed. GCs were classified according to the GBD 2015 study list. These codes were classified in: a) GCs from chapter XVIII of ICD-10 (GC-R), and b) GC from other chapters of ICD-10 (GC-nonR). Proportions of GC were calculated by sex, age, and place of occurrence. Results In Belo Horizonte, from the total of 44,123 deaths, 5.5% were classified as GC-R. The majority of GCs were GC-nonR (25% of total deaths). We observed a higher proportion of GC in children (1 to 4 years) and in people aged over 60 years. GC proportion was also higher in females, except in the age-groups under 1 year and 30-59 years. Home deaths (n = 7,760) had higher proportions of GCs compared with hospital deaths (n = 30,182), 36.9% and 28.7%, respectively. The leading GCs were the GC-R other ill-defined and unspecified causes of death (ICD-10 code R99)), and the GCs-nonR unspecified pneumonia (J18.9), unspecified stroke (I64), and unspecified septicemia (A41.9). Conclusions Analysis of GCs is essential to evaluate the quality of mortality information. Key messages Analysis of ill-defined causes (GC-R) is not sufficient to evaluate the quality of information on causes of death. Causes of death analysis should consider the total GC, in order to advance the discussion and promote adequate intervention on the quality of mortality statistics.

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Risk and predictors of heart failure in sarcoidosis in a population-based cohort study from Sweden

Heart ◽

10.1136/heartjnl-2021-319129 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. heartjnl-2021-319129

Author(s):

Marios Rossides ◽

Susanna Kullberg ◽

Johan Grunewald ◽

Anders Eklund ◽

Daniela Di Giuseppe ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Heart Failure ◽

General Population ◽

Strong Predictor ◽

Strong Association ◽

International Classification Of Diseases ◽

Population Based ◽

Clinical Predictors ◽

Cox Models ◽

Classification Of Diseases

ObjectivesPrevious studies showed a strong association between sarcoidosis and heart failure (HF) but did not consider risk stratification or risk factors to identify useful aetiological insights. We estimated overall and stratified HRs and identified risk factors for HF in sarcoidosis.MethodsSarcoidosis cases were identified from the Swedish National Patient Register (NPR; ≥2 International Classification of Diseases-coded visits, 2003–2013) and matched to general population comparators. They were followed for HF in the NPR. Treated were cases who were dispensed ≥1 immunosuppressant ±3 months from the first sarcoidosis visit (2006–2013). Using Cox models, we estimated HRs adjusted for demographics and comorbidity and identified independent risk factors of HF together with their attributable fractions (AFs).ResultsDuring follow-up, 204 of 8574 sarcoidosis cases and 721 of 84 192 comparators were diagnosed with HF (rate 2.2 vs 0.7/1000 person-years, respectively). The HR associated with sarcoidosis was 2.43 (95% CI 2.06 to 2.86) and did not vary by age, sex or treatment status. It was higher during the first 2 years after diagnosis (HR 3.7 vs 1.9) and in individuals without a history of ischaemic heart disease (IHD; HR 2.7 vs 1.7). Diabetes, atrial fibrillation and other arrhythmias were the strongest independent clinical predictors of HF (HR 2.5 each, 2-year AF 20%, 16% and 12%, respectively).ConclusionsAlthough low, the HF rate was more than twofold increased in sarcoidosis compared with the general population, particularly right after diagnosis. IHD history cannot solely explain these risks, whereas ventricular arrhythmias indicating cardiac sarcoidosis appear to be a strong predictor of HF in sarcoidosis.

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Association of age with risk of major depression among patients with chronic kidney disease over midlife: a nationwide cohort study in Taiwan

International Psychogeriatrics ◽

10.1017/s1041610218001576 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 31 (08) ◽

pp. 1171-1179 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Shih-Feng Chen ◽

Yu-Huei Chien ◽

Pau-Chung Chen ◽

I-Jen Wang

Keyword(s):

Chronic Kidney Disease ◽

Cohort Study ◽

Major Depression ◽

Kidney Disease ◽

Comparison Group ◽

Age Groups ◽

International Classification Of Diseases ◽

Classification Of Diseases ◽

The Impact

ABSTRACTBackground:The impact of age on the development of depression among patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) at stages before dialysis is not well known. We aimed to explore the incidence of major depression among predialysis CKD patients of successively older ages through midlife.Methods:We conducted a retrospective cohort study using the longitudinal health insurance database 2005 in Taiwan. This study investigated 17,889 predialysis CKD patients who were further categorized into study (i.e. middle and old-aged) groups and comparison group aged 18–44. The International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM) was applied for coding diseases.Results:The group aged 75 and over had the lowest (hazard ratio [HR] 0.47; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.32–0.69) risk of developing major depression, followed by the group aged 65–74 (HR 0.67; 95% CI 0.49–0.92), using the comparison group as reference. The adjusted survival curves showed significant differences in cumulative major depression-free survival between different age groups. We observed that the risk of major depression development decreases with higher age. Females were at a higher risk of major depression than males among predialyasis CKD patients.Conclusions:The incidence of major depression declines with higher age in predialysis CKD patients over midlife. Among all age groups, patients aged 75 and over have the lowest risk of developing major depression. A female preponderance in major depression development is present. We suggest that depression prevention and therapy should be integrated into the standard care for predialysis CKD patients, especially for those young and female.

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Prevalence and incidence of doctor-diagnosed Dupuytren’s disease: a population-based study

Journal of Hand Surgery (European Volume) ◽

10.1177/1753193416687914 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 42 (7) ◽

pp. 673-677 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

J. Nordenskjöld ◽

M. Englund ◽

C. Zhou ◽

I. Atroshi

Keyword(s):

General Population ◽

International Classification Of Diseases ◽

Population Based ◽

Dupuytren’S Disease ◽

Level Of Evidence ◽

Dupuytren's Disease ◽

Population Based Study ◽

Classification Of Diseases ◽

First Time

The prevalence and incidence of doctor-diagnosed Dupuytren’s disease in the general population is unknown. From the healthcare register for Skåne region (population 1.3 million) in southern Sweden, we identified all residents aged ⩾20 years (on 31 December 2013), who 1998 to 2013 had consulted a doctor and received the diagnosis Dupuytren’s disease (International Classification of Diseases 10th Revision code M720). During the 16 years, 7207 current residents (72% men) had been diagnosed with Dupuytren’s disease; the prevalence among men was 1.35% and among women 0.5%. Of all people diagnosed, 56% had received treatment (87% fasciectomy). In 2013, the incidence of first-time doctor-diagnosed Dupuytren’s disease among men was 14 and among women five per 10,000. The annual incidence among men aged ⩾50 years was 27 per 10,000. Clinically important Dupuytren’s disease is common in the general population. Level of evidence: III

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Links Between Strokes and Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia: A Population-Based Study

Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques ◽

10.1017/cjn.2018.360 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 46 (1) ◽

pp. 44-50

Author(s):

Farah N. Chowdhury ◽

G. Sanjaya Chandrarathne ◽

Kristopher D. Masilamani ◽

Jennifer T. N. LaBranche ◽

Shaun Malo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

General Population ◽

Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia ◽

Female Gender ◽

International Classification Of Diseases ◽

Population Based ◽

Stroke Subtype ◽

Stroke Incidence ◽

Centre Of Excellence ◽

Classification Of Diseases ◽

Icd 10

AbstractBackgroundHereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) is a disease of abnormal vasculature where patients are predisposed to strokes of multiple etiologies. We assessed yearly stroke incidence among Albertans with HHT and compared with the general population. Given the tendency for stroke in HHT patients, we expected HHT patients to have higher stroke incidence, in particular at younger ages.MethodsPopulation-based administrative health data on inpatient and ambulatory admissions were extracted over a 16-year period using International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-9 and ICD-10, Canada codes. We analyzed overall occurrence of strokes in Alberta by age, gender, stroke subtype, and diagnosis of HHT.ResultsThe age-standardized incidence rate of stroke in HHT was 450 per 100,000 compared with 260 per 100,000 in the general population with a rate ratio of 1.73 (95% confidence interval (CI) [1.046-2.842]). This study found a higher HHT prevalence in Alberta (1 in 3800) compared to the world average of 1 in 5000. Women were also more likely to be diagnosed with HHT, with a 3.25:1 female gender preponderance in the yearly incidence.InterpretationThis study not only shows that HHT patients are at higher risk of having a stroke but also quantifies that risk using an age-adjusted metric in Alberta. This province has a higher than expected disease burden of HHT, with the majority of cases affecting women. Our study found that acute ischemic strokes and transient ischemic attacks are far more common than hemorrhage in HHT. As HHT is a rare, multi-system, chronic disease, these patients should be referred to an HHT Centre of Excellence.

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Mortality from respiratory infections and chronic non-communicable diseases before the COVID-19 pandemic in Cali, Colombia.

Colombia Medica ◽

10.25100/cm.v51i2.4270 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-10

Author(s):

Luis Eduardo Bravo Ocaña ◽

Paola Collazos ◽

Elvia Karina Grillo Ardila ◽

Luz Stella García ◽

Erquinovaldo Millán ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Respiratory Infections ◽

Ventilatory Support ◽

The Elderly ◽

International Classification Of Diseases ◽

Mortality Rates ◽

Communicable Diseases ◽

Noncommunicable Diseases ◽

Non Communicable Diseases ◽

Infected People ◽

Classification Of Diseases

Introduction: The COVID-19 disease pandemic is a health emergency. Older people and those with chronic noncommunicable diseases are more likely to develop serious illnesses, equire ventilatory support, and die from complications. Objective: To establish deaths from respiratory infections and some chronic non-communicable diseases that occurred in Cali, before the SARS-CoV-2 disease pandemic. Methods: During the 2003-2019 period, 207,261 deaths were registered according to the general mortality database of the Municipal Secretary of Health of Cali. Deaths were coded with the International Classification of Diseases and causes of death were grouped according to WHO guidelines. Rates were standardized by age and are expressed per 100,000 people-year. Results: A direct relationship was observed between aging and mortality from respiratory infections and chronic non-communicable diseases. Age-specific mortality rates were highest in those older than 80 years for all diseases evaluated. Seasonal variation was evident in respiratory diseases in the elderly. Comments: Estimates of mortality rates from respiratory infections and chronic non-communicable diseases in Cali provide the baseline that will serve as a comparison to estimate the excess mortality caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Health authorities and decision makers should be guided by reliable estimates of mortality and of the proportion of infected people who die from SARS-CoV-2 virus infection.

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Incidence of Football Injuries and Complaints in Different Age Groups and Skill-Level Groups

The American Journal of Sports Medicine ◽

10.1177/28.suppl_5.s-51 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 28 (5_suppl) ◽

pp. 51-57 ◽

Cited By ~ 193

Author(s):

Lars Peterson ◽

Astrid Junge ◽

Jiri Chomiak ◽

Toni Graf-Baumann ◽

Jiri Dvorak

Keyword(s):

Continuing Education ◽

Age Groups ◽

International Classification Of Diseases ◽

Fair Play ◽

Skill Levels ◽

Subsequent Performance ◽

Classification Of Diseases ◽

Icd 10 ◽

Over Time

In this study, the incidence of football injuries and complaints as related to different age groups and skill levels was studied over the period of 1 year. All injuries and complaints as well as the amount of time players spent in training and games were recorded. All injured players were examined weekly by physicians, and all injuries were assessed according to the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10), which describes them in terms of injury type and location, the treatment required, and the duration of subsequent performance limitations. A total of 264 players of different age groups and skill levels was observed for 1 year. Five hundred fifty-eight injuries were documented. Two hundred sixteen players had one or more injuries. Only 48 players (18%) had no injury. The average number of injuries per player per year was 2.1. Injuries were classified as mild (52%), moderate (33%), or severe (15%). Almost 50% of all injuries were contact injuries; half of all the contact injuries were associated with foul play. The majority of injuries were strains and sprains involving the ankle, knee, and lumbar spine. Nearly all players (91%) suffered from complaints related to football. Only 23 players reported no injuries and no complaints. Prevention programs, fair play, and continuing education in techniques and skills may reduce the incidence of injuries over time.

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