Association of self-efficacy of parents/caregivers with childhood asthma control parameters

ABSTRACT Objective To verify the association between the self-efficacy of parents/caregivers and control parameters of childhood asthma. Method Cross-sectional study with parents/caregivers of asthmatic children. Data were collected through a sociodemographic questionnaire and the Self-efficacy and their child’s level of asthma control scale: Brazilian version. Results Participation of 216 parents/caregivers in the study. There was a statistically significant association between self-efficacy scores and the following variables: unscheduled physician visit (p=0.001), visit to emergency department (p<0.001), hospital stays in the previous 12 months (p=0.005), physical activity limitation (p=0.003), school days missed (p<0.001), impaired sleep (p<0.001), ability to differentiate crisis medication from control medication (p=0.024), use of spacer (p=0.001), performing oral hygiene after use of inhaled corticosteroids (p=0.003), and knowledge of medication gratuity (p=0.004). Conclusion A significant relationship of the self-efficacy of parents/caregivers of asthmatic children with control parameters and training on the necessary skills to reach this control was demonstrated in the study.

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Higher Omega-3 Index Is Associated with Better Asthma Control and Lower Medication Dose: A Cross-Sectional Study

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu12010074 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 74 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Isobel Stoodley ◽

Manohar Garg ◽

Hayley Scott ◽

Lesley Macdonald-Wicks ◽

Bronwyn Berthon ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Asthma Control ◽

Inhaled Corticosteroids ◽

Asthma Management ◽

Airway Disease ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Erythrocyte Membranes ◽

Omega 3 ◽

Asthma Control Questionnaire ◽

Cross Sectional

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory airway disease, associated with systemic inflammation. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) have established anti-inflammatory effects, thus having potential as an adjunct therapy in asthma. This study aimed to compare erythrocyte n-3 PUFA in adults with (n = 255) and without (n = 137) asthma and determine the relationship between erythrocyte n-3 PUFA and clinical asthma outcomes. Subjects had blood collected, lung function measured and Juniper Asthma Control Questionnaire (ACQ) score calculated. Fatty acids were measured in erythrocyte membranes by gas chromatography, and the omega-3 index (O3I) was calculated (% eicosapentaenoic acid + % docosahexaenoic acid). O3I was similar in subjects with and without asthma (p = 0.089). A higher O3I was observed in subjects with controlled or partially controlled asthma (ACQ < 1.5) compared to subjects with uncontrolled asthma (ACQ ≥ 1.5) (6.0% (5.4–7.2) versus 5.6% (4.6–6.4) p = 0.033). Subjects with a high O3I (≥8%) had a lower maintenance dose of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) compared to those with a low O3I (<8%) (1000 μg (400–1000) versus 1000 μg (500–2000) p = 0.019). This study demonstrates that a higher O3I is associated with better asthma control and with lower ICS dose, suggesting that a higher erythrocyte n-3 PUFA level may have a role in asthma management.

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Self-Care of African Immigrant Adults with Chronic Illness

Clinical Nursing Research ◽

10.1177/10547738211056168 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 105477382110561

Author(s):

Onome Henry Osokpo ◽

Lisa M. Lewis ◽

Uchechukwu Ikeaba ◽

Jesse Chittams ◽

Frances K. Barg ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chronic Illness ◽

Self Efficacy ◽

Self Care ◽

African Immigrants ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

The Self ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Income Adequacy ◽

The Us ◽

Scale Scores

This cross-sectional study aims to describe the self-care of adult African immigrants in the US with chronic illness and explore the relationship between acculturation and self-care. A total of 88 African immigrants with chronic illness were enrolled. Self-care was measured with the Self Care of Chronic Illness Inventory v3 and the Self-Care Self-Efficacy scale. Scores are standardized 0 to 100 with scores >70 considered adequate. Acculturation was measured using a modified standardized acculturation instrument and predefined acculturation proxies. The self-care scores showed adequate self-care, with the mean scores of 78.6, 77.9, and 75.6 for self-care maintenance, monitoring, and management. Self-care self-efficacy mean score was 81.3. Acculturation was not significantly associated with self-care. Self-care self-efficacy was a strong determinant of self-care maintenance ( p < .0001), monitoring ( p < .0001), and management ( p < .0001). The perception of inadequate income was a significant determinant of poor self-care management ( p = .03). Self-care self-efficacy and perceived income adequacy were better determinants of self-care than acculturation.

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Relationship between the Functional Oral Intake Scale (FOIS) and the Self-Efficacy Scale among Cancer Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study

Healthcare ◽

10.3390/healthcare8030269 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

pp. 269

Author(s):

Yuhei Matsuda ◽

Masaaki Karino ◽

Takahiro Kanno

Keyword(s):

Oral Health ◽

Self Efficacy ◽

Odds Ratio ◽

Oral Intake ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

The Self ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Health Related ◽

Functional Oral Intake Scale

A few studies have provided detailed reports suggesting that subjective swallowing disorders may be related to dysphagia. Therefore, we verified the relationship between oral health-related self-efficacy and dysphagia severity in cancer treatment using a cross-sectional study. Participants included patients undergoing treatment for cancer at Shimane University Hospital in Shimane, Japan, and those receiving outpatient treatment at the hospital’s Oral Care Center between August 2018 and April 2019. In all, 203 participants enrolled in the study and completed the Functional Oral Intake Scale (FOIS), the Self-efficacy Scale for Advanced Cancer (SEAC), and the Oral Health-related Self-Efficacy Scale for Patients with Cancer (OSEC). Multivariate analysis showed a statistically significant correlation between the low FOIS score and the SEAC subscales of Activities of Daily Living Self-efficacy (ADE) (odds ratio 1.04, 95% [CI] 1.00–1.07) and Symptom Coping Self-efficacy (SCE) (odds ratio 0.61, 95% [CI] 0.42–0.88). Based on the Jonckheere-Terpstra test, the SEAC and the OSEC tended to increase as the category of the FOIS progressed. To conclude, self-efficacy played an important role in dysphagia and may affect the severity of dysphagia in cancer patients.

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Anticoagulation adherence and its associated factors in patients with atrial fibrillation: a cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2019-029974 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (9) ◽

pp. e029974

Author(s):

Pei-Ti Chen ◽

Tsae-Jyy Wang ◽

Ming-Hsiung Hsieh ◽

Ju-Chi Liu ◽

Chieh-Yu Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Atrial Fibrillation ◽

Self Efficacy ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Anticoagulation Therapy ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

The Self ◽

Perceived Barriers ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Unit Increase

ObjectiveTo investigate anticoagulant adherence and its associated factors, including demographics, clinical variables, atrial fibrillation (AF) severity, knowledge, satisfaction with services, perceived barriers, perceived benefits, symptom severity and self-efficacy in patients with AF.DesignThis is a cross-sectional study.Participants and settingA convenient sample of patients with AF were recruited from cardiology clinics of two teaching hospitals in Taiwan.MeasuresData were collected using the study questionnaires, including the AF-related symptom subscale of the AF Severity Scale, the Knowledge of Warfarin Anticoagulation Treatment Scale, the Satisfaction Scale about Service and Warfarin Treatment, the perceived benefits subscale of the Beliefs about Anticoagulation Survey, the Concerns about Anticoagulation Therapy Scale, The Self-efficacy for Appropriate Medication Use Scale and the short-form Adherence to Reﬁlls and Medications Scale.ResultsA total of 151 patients with AF participated in the study; 53 treated with warfarin and 98 treated with novel oral anticoagulants (NOACs). The difference in adherence to warfarin (mean=8.6; SD=1.6) and NOACs (mean=8.9; SD=2.0) was statistically insignificant. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that perceived barriers (β=0.18, p=0.017) and self-efficacy (β=−0.48, p<0.001) were significant predictors of anticoagulation adherence. For every 1-unit increase in the perceived barriers, there will be a 0.18-unit increase in the adherence to anticoagulation therapy. For every 1-unit increase in the self-efficacy, there will be a 0.48-unit decrease in the adherence to anticoagulation therapy. Perceived barriers and self-efficacy collectively explained 34.0% of the variance in adherence to anticoagulation therapy (F(2,149)=38.11, p<0.001).ConclusionWe found no better adherence to NOACs compared with warfarin. Patients with greater self-efficacy and perceived fewer barriers showed better adherence to anticoagulation therapy.

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Cross-sectional study assessing the performance of the Arabic translated childhood asthma control test

npj Primary Care Respiratory Medicine ◽

10.1038/s41533-018-0109-3 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 28 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Majid AlTeneiji ◽

Alia AlKalbani ◽

Huda Nasser ◽

Durdana Iram ◽

Afaf Alblooshi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Asthma Control ◽

Childhood Asthma ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Control Test ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Asthma Control Test ◽

Cross Sectional

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Social Support, Self-Care Behaviour and Self-Efficacy in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes during the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Study

Healthcare ◽

10.3390/healthcare9111607 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (11) ◽

pp. 1607

Author(s):

Premalatha Paulsamy ◽

Rizwan Ashraf ◽

Shadia Hamoud Alshahrani ◽

Kalaiselvi Periannan ◽

Absar Ahmed Qureshi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Social Support ◽

Glycemic Control ◽

Self Efficacy ◽

Diabetes Management ◽

Self Care ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

The Self ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional

Diabetes mellitus is a major public health issue that considerably impacts mortality, morbidity, and healthcare costs worldwide. The COVID-19 pandemic has created havoc in diabetes management, too, like other spectrums of life. A descriptive, cross-sectional study was adopted to determine the effect of Social Support, Self-Care Behaviour and Self-Efficacy in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2D) during this COVID-19 pandemic. Two hundred T2D patients who satisfied the inclusion criteria were chosen using a convenient sampling procedure. The tool consists of four sections, including socio-demographic characteristics, Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS), revised Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities (SDSCA) Scale and modified Diabetes Management Self-Efficacy Scale (DMS). Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the obtained data. The mean and SD of diabetic management self-efficacy is 5.74 (1.95) and 4.37 (1.4), respectively, for patients with HbA1c < 6.5% and HbA1c ≥ 6.5%. The self-care activities of the patients who had good glycemic control were 4.31 (2.06) compared to 3.50 (1.73) who did not. The social support received by the patients was 6.13 (2.13) vs. 5.31 (1.67) among patients with glycemic control vs. no control. The results show that social support (p = 0.04), self-efficacy (p =0.01) and self-care activities (p = 0.001) were significantly related to the level of glycemic control of the T2D patients. A significant relationship was also identified between gender (p = 0.036), age (p = 0.001) and education status (p = 0.000) with HbA1c control of the participants. This study demonstrates a significant relationship between social support, self-care behaviours, self-efficacy and glycemic management in T2D patients. During this COVID-19 pandemic, interventions to enhance the self-care activities like exercise and social support to boost their self-efficacy; for better diabetes management, reducing diabetes complications or prolonging their onset are the need of the hour.

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EVALUATION OF INDUCED SPUTUM CYTOLOGY IN ASTHMATIC CHILDREN

10.22541/au.161231191.19731143/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Debora Carla Chong-Silva ◽

Adriana Nascimento ◽

Roberta Cunha ◽

Elessandra Bitencourt ◽

Leticia Botelho ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Asthma Control ◽

Inhaled Corticosteroids ◽

Pulmonary Function Tests ◽

Sputum Cytology ◽

Asthma Control Test ◽

Sputum Induction ◽

Hypertonic Saline Solution ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Asthmatic Children ◽

Children With Asthma

Objective: To evaluate the viability of sputum cytology in asthmatic children, recognizing inflammatory patterns and correlating them with clinical, epidemiological and functional variables of the disease. Methods: This was a cross-sectional and observational study of children with asthma who underwent sputum induction through increasing concentrations of nebulized hypertonic saline solution from 3% to 7%. The samples were processed according to the technique developed by Pizzichini et al. and the cytological pattern classified as pauci-granulocytic, neutrophilic, eosinophilic and mixed. Samples with cell viability> 50% were considered adequate. Asthma control was assessed using the asthma control test (ACT). Results: Seventy-nine children performed sputum induction. Thirty-three samples were excluded because they were not viable for analysis, resulting in 46 samples. The children’s average age was 9.4 (± 3) years. There was a predominance of eosinophilic (25/46, 54.3%), followed by mixed (13/46, 28.3%), pauci-granulocytic (7/46, 15.2%) and neutrophilic (1/46, 2.2%) pattern. Sixty-three percent of the children had severe asthma and 84.7% were treated with inhaled corticosteroids. The ACT showed that 25 (56.8%) patients had the disease under control. Forty-five children (97.8%) underwent pulmonary function tests (spirometry) and in 13 cases (28.9%) an obstructive ventilatory defect was found. Conclusions: The eosinophilic profile was predominant in the assessed asthmatic children. Non-eosinophilic phenotypes were found, but less frequently. There was no difference between the clinical variables and the sputum profile in this study group. Sputum induction in children with asthma is feasible and safe and can contribute to a specific and personalized approach to the disease.

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The Self-Efficacy of Certified Athletic Trainers in Assessing and Managing Sport-Related Concussions

Journal of Athletic Training ◽

10.4085/1062-6050-394-17 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 53 (10) ◽

pp. 983-989 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Jennifer L. Savage ◽

Tracey Covassin

Keyword(s):

High School ◽

Self Efficacy ◽

Online Survey ◽

Athletic Trainers ◽

School Setting ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

The Self ◽

Return To Play ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Certified Athletic Trainers

Context: Diagnostic and return-to-play assessments of athletes with sport-related concussions (SRCs) have changed dramatically over the past decade. Currently, SRC assessment and management has taken a multifaceted approach, with new SRC measures being developed yearly. However, to date, no researchers have examined certified athletic trainers' (ATs') self-efficacy in assessing and managing a patient with an SRC. Objective: To examine the self-efficacy of ATs in assessing and managing athletes with SRCs, with a secondary purpose of examining job setting (high school and college). Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Web-based questionnaire. Patients or Other Participants: A total of 94 ATs (high school setting = 54.3%, n = 51; collegiate setting = 45.7%, n = 43) completed an online survey, for a response rate of 9.2%. Main Outcome Measure(s): The survey contained 3 primary subsections: demographics, self-efficacy in assessing SRCs, and self-efficacy in managing SRCs. Possible self-efficacy ratings for SRC assessment and management in the survey ranged from 0 to 100. Multivariate analyses of variance were performed to identify differences in the self-efficacy of high school and collegiate ATs in assessing and managing athletes with SRCs. Results: The self-efficacy of all 94 participants in their assessment of SRCs was 60.34 ± 14.5 and in their management of SRCs was 55.30 ± 14.1. Collegiate ATs reported higher self-efficacy in the assessment of SRCs using balance (P < .001) and the King-Devick test (P = .04), and their responses approached significance for vestibular-ocular motor screening (P = .05). Additionally, their self-efficacy in the management of SRCs was greater using balance (P < .001) and vestibular-ocular therapy (P = .01) compared with high school ATs. Conclusions: Athletic trainers had moderate self-efficacy regarding their assessment and management of SRCs. Collegiate ATs had higher self-efficacy in newer SRC assessment and management tools than high school ATs.

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Evaluation of the clinical self-efficacy of postgraduate midwifery students who took courses related to biochemistry: a cross-sectional study

Turkish Journal of Biochemistry ◽

10.1515/tjb-2019-0238 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 0 (0) ◽

Author(s):

Funda Kosova ◽

Hanife Nurseven Şimşek ◽

Nurcan Çelik

Keyword(s):

Education Program ◽

Self Efficacy ◽

Clinical Skills ◽

Postgraduate Education ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Study Data ◽

The Self ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Midwifery Education ◽

Personal Attitudes

Abstract Objectives Postgraduate midwifery students learn the science and art of midwifery in clinical settings through the integration of evidence-based knowledge, practical skills, quality of care, and personal attitudes. These personal attitudes are confidence, intuition, problem solving, critical thinking, and self-efficacy. This study’s goal was to evaluate the clinical self-efficacy of midwifery students who took courses related to biochemistry in the postgraduate education program. Methods A cross-sectional design was used in the study. In the study, data collection was performed using surveys from students in the postgraduate midwifery education program. The study data were collected by employing the “Introductory Information Form” and the “Self-efficacy for Clinical Evaluation Scale.” Data evaluation was performed by number, percentage, mean, and correlation test. Results It was revealed that 67.7% of midwifery students who took the courses were postgraduate students in the thesis stage, 41% of them worked in secondary health services, and 51.6% of them had a clinical experience of 5 years and more. The total score of the self-efficacy perception subscale was 4.22 ± 0.49 (1–5), whereas the total score of the perceived confidence subscale was 4.57 ± 0.45 (1–5). There was a statistically significant correlation between the self-efficacy subscale and the importance subscale. Conclusions The results indicated that postgraduate midwifery students had high clinical self-efficacy scores. We think that the elective courses related to biochemistry in the postgraduate midwifery education program may have positively affected their clinical skills. We anticipate that it will be appropriate to conduct research with a larger sample size to examine the effect of postgraduate midwifery education on students’ clinical self-efficacy.

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Self-management and its associated factors among people living with diabetes in Blantyre, Malawi: a cross-sectional study

AAS Open Research ◽

10.12688/aasopenres.12992.2 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2 ◽

pp. 161

Author(s):

Chimwemwe Kwanjo Banda ◽

Belinda T. Gombachika ◽

Moffat J. Nyirenda ◽

Adamson Sinjani Muula

Keyword(s):

Logistic Regression ◽

Self Efficacy ◽

Social Cognitive ◽

Management Practices ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

The Self ◽

Self Management ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Factors Associated

Background: Self-management is key to the control of glycaemia and prevention of complications in people with diabetes. Many people with diabetes in Malawi have poorly controlled glucose and they experience diabetes-related complications. This study aimed to assess diabetes self-management behaviours and to identify factors associated with it among people with diabetes at Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital, Blantyre, Malawi. Methods: This cross-sectional study recruited 510 adults attending a diabetes clinic at a teaching referral hospital in southern Malawi. The social cognitive theory was applied to identify factors associated with following all recommended self-management behaviours. Data on participants’ demographics, clinical history, diabetes knowledge, self-efficacy, outcome expectations, social support, environmental barriers and diabetes self-management were collected. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify factors associated with following all self-management behaviours. Results: The mean age of participants was 53.6 (SD 13.3) years. The majority (82%) were females. Self-reported medication adherence within the last seven days was 88.6%; 77% reported being physically active for at least 30 minutes on more than three days in the previous seven days; 69% reported checking their feet every day and inspecting inside their shoes; 58% reported following a healthy diet regularly. Only 33% reported following all the self-management behaviours regularly. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that self-efficacy was the only social cognitive factor associated with following all the self-management practices (p < 0.001). Conclusions: Participants in our study were not consistently achieving all self-management practices with dietary practices being the least adhered to behaviour by many. To improve self-management practices of people with diabetes, current health education programs should not only aim at improving diabetes related knowledge but also self-efficacy. Adopting interventions that promote self-efficacy in diabetes patients such as exposure to role models, peer education, providing positive feedback, and counselling is recommended.

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