scholarly journals Physical training at sub-threshold intensity reduces the prevalence of hepatic steatosis after high-fat diet in rats

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-14
Author(s):  
Valdemar Guedes da Silva ◽  
Fabrício Cesar de Paula Ravagnani ◽  
Allan da Mata Godois ◽  
Odashiro Maçanori ◽  
Fabrício Azevedo Voltarelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Hepatic Steatosis ◽  
Physical Training ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cafeteria Diet ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Threshold Intensity ◽  
High Fat ◽  
High Fat Diets ◽  
Fat Diets

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effects of swimming physical training with sub-threshold load on the prevalence of hepatic steatosis in Wistar rats fed high-fat diets (cafeteria or baru). After 2 months of cafeteria diet administration, the rats were separated into 6 groups: Sedentary or Trained Baru diet; Sedentary or Trained Cafeteria diet; Sedentary or Trained standard diet. The trained groups were subjected to swimming exercise at sub-threshold intensity (2% of body weight) during 8 weeks, 5x/week, 1h/day. The body weight and hepatohistological changes were analyzed. Sedentary groups fed high-fat diets presented higher body weight gain when compared to control trained group. The swimming training at the proposed intensity was able to prevent the hepatic steatosis in rats fed high-fat diets.

Eisenia bicyclis Inhibits Body Weight Gain and Fat Accumulation Induced by High-Fat Diets in Mice

2010 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 262-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Won-Hee Choi ◽  
Ji-Yun Ahn ◽  
Sun-A Kim ◽  
Tae-Wan Kim ◽  
Tae-Youl Ha
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Eisenia Bicyclis ◽  
Fat Accumulation ◽  
High Fat Diets ◽  
Fat Diets

scholarly journals Dietary canitine maintains energy reserves and delays fatigue of exercised african catfish (Clarias gariepinus) fed high fat diets

2005 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 208-213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Ozório ◽  
Vincent Van Ginneken ◽  
Guido van den Thillart ◽  
Martin Verstegen ◽  
Johan Verreth
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Level ◽  
Juvenile Fish ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Energy Charge ◽  
The Body ◽  
African Catfish ◽  
Energy Reserves ◽  
High Fat ◽  
High Fat Diets ◽  
Fat Diets

Lipids, together with proteins, are traditionally considered as primary fuels during aerobic swimming. The effects of dietary fat and carnitine supplements and exercise on the energy metabolism of juvenile fish were investigated. One hundred African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) were fed four isonitrogenous diets containing a fat level of 100 or 190 g kg-1 diet and one of the two levels of carnitine (15 and 1000 mg kg-1). Fish grew from 61 to 162 g in 10 wk. Thereafter, 6 fish per group swam vigorously for 3 h and the results were compared with unexercised groups. Fish receiving 1,000 mg carnitine accumulated 2- to 3-fold more carnitine than fish receiving 15 mg carnitine. Plasma acyl-carnitine level was affected by an interaction between dietary treatment and exercise (P < 0.05). Adenosine triphosphate and phosphocreatine concentrations were higher in the white muscle (WM) of exercised fish fed the high-carnitine supplements, compared with the low-carnitine fed fish (P < 0.05). Adenilate energy charge indexes were higher and ammonia concentrations were lower in WM of fish fed high-carnitine and high-fat diets. Dietary carnitine supplements may be needed in growing fish when dietary lipid level is high. In that case extra dietary carnitine can maintain the body energy reserves at adequate level when fish is exposed to a short-term, exhaustive exercise, a physiologic stress common both in nature and in intensive aquaculture systems.

The Failure of Thyroxine and High-Fat Diets to Modify the Rate of Thiamine Loss from the Body

1954 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 609-619 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. N. Gershoff ◽  
D. M. Hegsted
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
High Fat ◽  
High Fat Diets ◽  
Fat Diets

scholarly journals Metabolic Flexibility: Interplay of Diet Composition and Intermittent Fasting on Healthspan (P08-053-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Wong ◽  
Rafael de Cabo ◽  
Michel Bernier ◽  
Alberto Diaz-Ruiz ◽  
Tyler Rhinesmith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Diet Composition ◽  
Intermittent Fasting ◽  
Metabolic Flexibility ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
High Fat ◽  
High Fat Diets ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Fat Diets

Abstract Objectives 4:10 periodic fasting schedule is proposed to improve biomarkers of healthspan through metabolic flexibility in mice on both standard and high fat diets. Methods Our study adopted the 4:10 fasting schedule using the fasting-mimicking diet (FMD) as our model. FMD is a plant-based, low-protein, and low-sugar diet regime implemented for four days every two-week cycle. Its regenerative effect is observed in the refeeding phase following starvation, allowing for the breakdown of cells via increased autophagy. In comparison to stricter fasting regimes such as intermittent fasting, chronic caloric restriction, and periodic fasting, FMD is well-tolerated in the clinical setting. 74 12-month old C57BL/6 mice were randomized into two diet groups: standard diet or high-fat diet. For 4 days out of every fourteen days, the mice were severely caloric restricted and refed with ad-libitum of either standard or high fat diets for the remaining 10 days, matching the controls who were fixed on the ad-libitum diet. The 4:10 fasting schedule was repeated 11 times before the mice were sacrificed. To measure metabolic flexibility, metabolic cages, ELISA, and glucose meters were used. Results Body weight and composition, metabolic flexibility, and insulin sensitivity indicate differences between fasting on diet composition. Not only did those on the fasting high-fat diet (FHFD) remain overweight, identical to their HFD controls, insulin sensitivity was also attenuated in FHFD groups. Fasting standard diet (FSD) had a reduction of 5% in body weight and 15% in body fat. Carbohydrate and lipid metabolism differences indicated by the respiratory exchange ratio as well as motor function performance differences further support the positive impact of fasting on SD groups, not HFD groups. Characteristic of positive healthspan biomarkers, reduced leptin and improved insulin sensitivity was observed with FSD, not FHFD. Conclusions We found that while the FMD schedule improved healthspan as indicated by biomarkers of healthy aging for mice on the standard diet, it could not counteract the negative health effects of the obesogenic diet. These results demonstrate the importance of not only time of feeding but also diet composition in respect to healthspan. Funding Sources National Institute on Aging (NIA) – National Institutes of Health (NIH).

scholarly journals Adult offspring of high-fat diet-fed dams can have normal glucose tolerance and body composition

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 229-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. M. Platt ◽  
R. J. Charnigo ◽  
K. J. Pearson
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Impaired Glucose Tolerance ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
High Fat ◽  
High Fat Diets ◽  
Normal Glucose ◽  
Fat Diets

Maternal high-fat diet consumption and obesity have been shown to program long-term obesity and lead to impaired glucose tolerance in offspring. Many rodent studies, however, use non-purified, cereal-based diets as the control for purified high-fat diets. In this study, primiparous ICR mice were fed purified control diet (10–11 kcal% from fat of lard or butter origin) and lard (45 or 60 kcal% fat) or butter (32 or 60 kcal% fat)-based high-fat diets for 4 weeks before mating, throughout pregnancy, and for 2 weeks of nursing. Before mating, female mice fed the 32 and 60% butter-based high-fat diets exhibited impaired glucose tolerance but those females fed the lard-based diets showed normal glucose disposal following a glucose challenge. High-fat diet consumption by female mice of all groups decreased lean to fat mass ratios during the 4th week of diet treatment compared with those mice consuming the 10–11% fat diets. All females were bred to male mice and pregnancy and offspring outcomes were monitored. The body weight of pups born to 45% lard-fed dams was significantly increased before weaning, but only female offspring born to 32% butter-fed dams exhibited long-term body weight increases. Offspring glucose tolerance and body composition were measured for at least 1 year. Minimal, if any, differences were observed in the offspring parameters. These results suggest that many variables should be considered when designing future high-fat diet feeding and maternal obesity studies in mice.

Effect of nutrition on growth and somatomedin A levels in the rat

1980 ◽  
Vol 94 (3) ◽  
pp. 321-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazue Takano ◽  
Naomi Hizuka ◽  
Kazuo Shizume ◽  
Yoko Hasumi ◽  
Toshio Tsushima
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Normal Growth ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Low Protein Diet ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
High Fat Diets ◽  
Hypophysectomized Rats ◽  
Fat Diets

Abstract. Serum somatomedin A was significantly reduced after 3 days of fasting in rats with a mean decrease of 23.6 ± 2.4% (N = 18) of initial values. Re-feeding for one day produced a definite increase in somatomedin A, with a rise in body weight. When re-fed isocalorically for 21 days with diets of different quality, a low protein diet led to smaller increases in both seum somatomedin A and body weight in comparison to those of control-, high-protein- and high fat-diets (P < 0.001). There is a positive correlation between the increase in body weight and serum somatomedin A levels (N = 70, r = 0.71, P< 0.001). The effect of growth hormone on somatomedin generation was abolished in hypophysectomized rats fed with low-protein diet. Our study suggests that protein in the diet is important for the generation of somatomedin A, which is necessary for normal growth.

scholarly journals Lasting Effects on Body Weight and Mammary Gland Gene Expression in Female Mice upon Early Life Exposure to n-3 but Not n-6 High-Fat Diets

PLoS ONE ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. e55603 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirjam Luijten ◽  
Amar V. Singh ◽  
Caleb A. Bastian ◽  
Anja Westerman ◽  
M. Michele Pisano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Mammary Gland ◽  
Early Life ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Female Mice ◽  
Early Life Exposure ◽  
High Fat Diets ◽  
Fat Diets

scholarly journals Selective Inactivation of Socs3 in SF1 Neurons Improves Glucose Homeostasis without Affecting Body Weight

Endocrinology ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 149 (11) ◽  
pp. 5654-5661 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ren Zhang ◽  
Harveen Dhillon ◽  
Huali Yin ◽  
Akihiko Yoshimura ◽  
Bradford B. Lowell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Glucose Homeostasis ◽  
Leptin Resistance ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Leptin Signaling ◽  
Leptin Sensitivity ◽  
High Fat Diets ◽  
Fat Diets

Suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (Socs3) has been identified as a mediator of central leptin resistance, but the identity of specific neurons in which Socs3 acts to suppress leptin signaling remains elusive. The ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH) was recently shown to be an important site for leptin action because deleting leptin receptor within VMH neurons causes obesity. To examine the role of VMH Socs3 in leptin resistance and energy homeostasis, we generated mice lacking Socs3 specifically in neurons positive for steroidogenic factor 1 (SF1), which is expressed abundantly in the VMH. These mice had increased phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription-3 in VMH neurons, suggesting improved leptin signaling, and consistently, food intake and weight-reducing effects of exogenous leptin were enhanced. Furthermore, on either chow or high-fat diets, these mice had reduced food intake. Unexpectedly, energy expenditure was reduced as well. Mice lacking Socs3 in SF1 neurons, despite no change in body weight, had improved glucose homeostasis and were partially protected from hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia induced by high-fat diets. These results suggest that Socs3 in SF1 neurons negatively regulates leptin signaling and plays important roles in mediating leptin sensitivity, glucose homeostasis, and energy expenditure.

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