scholarly journals Gastrointestinal parasites among felids inhabiting the Serra dos Órgãos National Park, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laís Verdan Dib ◽  
Cecília Cronemberger ◽  
Fabiane de Aguiar Pereira ◽  
Paula Forain Bolais ◽  
Claudia Maria Antunes Uchôa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
National Park ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
Gastrointestinal Parasites ◽  
Leopardus Pardalis ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
Nematode Larvae ◽  
The Family ◽  
Sampling Points

Abstract This study aimed to investigate the species of felids that inhabit the Serra dos Órgãos National Park (Parnaso) and gastrointestinal parasites at various stages of their life cycles in the feces of these animals. Between 2013 and 2015, felid feces were collected from trails in Parnaso. The sampling points were georeferenced. A total of 82 fecal samples were processed, of which 79 were collected on the ground, two from captured felids and one from a necropsied animal. All samples underwent coproparasitological techniques. Samples collected from the environment underwent additional trichological analysis. Fur patterns corresponding to Leopardus guttulus, Leopardus pardalis, Leopardus wiedii and Puma yagouaroundi were observed in 32 of the samples collected on the soil. High frequency of potentially parasitic evolving forms (88.6%) was observed in felid feces, particularly eggs of the family Diphyllobothriidae (68.6%). Besides, were also detected, eggs of superfamily Ascaridoidea (42.9%), nematode larvae (28.6%), eggs of order Strongylida (28.6%), Capillaria sp. (8.6%), Trichuris sp. (8.6%), eggs of order Spirurida (2.9%), unsporulated coccidian oocysts (8.6%) and Eimeria sp. (2.9%). Felid feces presented higher frequency of polyparasitism (60%) than monoparasitism (28.6%).

scholarly journals Crabs in Bandealit Estuary Resort of Meru Betiri National Park

BIOEDUKASI ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Galuh Paramita ◽  
Wachju Subchan ◽  
Vendi Eko Susilo
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
Scylla Paramamosain ◽  
Natural Food ◽  
Aquatic Biota ◽  
The Family

Crabs are macrobenthos with characters that are attached to or resting on a base or live on basic sediments. The role of crabs in the ecosystem includes converting nutrients and enhancing mineralization, increasing the distribution of oxygen in the soil, helping carbon life cycles, and providing natural food for various types of aquatic biota. This research was conducted in the estuary area of ​​the Meru Betiri National Park (TNMB) Resort Bandealit. Identification results from 37 individual crabs at the Estuary Resort Bandealit Meru Betiri National Park (TNMB) obtained 5 species from 2 families (Portunidae and Sesarmidae). In the family Portunidae, there are 3 types, namely Scylla tranquebarica, Scylla paramamosain, and Scylla olivacea. Whereas in the family Sesarmidae found 2 types, namely Parasesarma pictum and Parasesarma cognatum. Keywords: Crab, Bandealit Resort, Identification

scholarly journals First record of tapeworm Moniezia (Cestoda: Anoplocephalidae) infections in Leopards: Coprological survey of gastrointestinal parasites of wild and captive cats in Sri Lanka

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 9956 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vishvapali Kobbekaduwa ◽  
Caroline Fillieux ◽  
Ashan Thududgala ◽  
R.P.V. Jayantha Rajapakse ◽  
Rupika Subashini Rajakaruna
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
National Park ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
First Record ◽  
Gastrointestinal Parasites ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
In Captivity ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Fragmented Population

Sri Lanka is home to four species of wildcats: Leopard, Fishing Cat, Rusty-spotted Cat and Jungle Cat.  All four, except the Jungle Cat, are listed threatened.  A coprological survey was carried out in 2014 to determine the gastrointestinal (GI) parasites of wild and captive cats in Sri Lanka.  Parasite eggs and cysts were isolated and morphologically identified using iodine smears and a modified salt flotation.  The intensity of infection was quantified using a McMaster counting technique.  A total of 45 fecal samples were analyzed.  Except for the six captive Rusty-spotted Cats, all cats were infected with one or more GI parasites.  The presence of Moniezia sp. in Leopards in the Horton Plains National Park with an intensity of 150–1850 EPG (eggs per gram of feces) was unexpected.  Moniezia is a common GI parasite of ruminants and before our study it had never been recorded in Leopards.  Cross species infection with Moniezia could be possible due to accidental ingestion of cysticercoid infected oribatid mites, the intermediate host which could have been picked up in the pasture while feeding on carcasses.  Among the other parasitic infections in Leopards Toxocara was most common (61.9%) followed by strongyle infections (15.4%).  Of the fecal samples collected from wild Leopards 80.0% were infected with GI parasites while no GI parasites were found in the captive Leopard samples.  The Jungle Cats and the Rusty-spotted Cats sampled were in captivity and only the Jungle Cats were infected with strongyles.  Toxocara was recorded in Leopards and Fishing Cat both in captivity and in the wild.  It is a common GI infection of cats causing morbidity in all age groups and mortality in young animals.  Although parasitic infections of cats may not be a direct reason for a species’ decline, parasitic infections spreading within a small fragmented population could reduce the vitality and numbers and threaten the population further.  This is the first report of GI parasites of wildcats of Sri Lanka and the first record of Moniezia infections in Leopards.

scholarly journals Gastro Intestinal Parasites of Musk Deer (Moschus Chryso-Gaster Hodgson, 1839) in Langtang National Park, Nepal

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bishnu Achhami ◽  
Hari Prasad Sharma ◽  
Ashok Bahadur Bam
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Protozoan Parasite ◽  
Health Impact ◽  
Gastrointestinal Parasites ◽  
Musk Deer ◽  
Parasitic Infestation ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
Standard Procedures ◽  
Cross Transmission

This study was carried out to determine the prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites of musk deer in Langtang National Park, Nepal. A total of 9 fecal samples were collected systematically and analyzed using standard procedures during May-June, 2014. Overall 7 species of parasites including 4 nematodes, 1 cestode, 1 trematode and 1 protozoan parasite were recorded. Prevalence of Ascaris sp. was high (88.89%) followed by Eimeria sp. (77.78%), Trichuris sp. (66.67%), Strongyloides sp. (55.56%), Moniezia sp. (44.44%), Strongyle (44.44%) and Paramphistomum sp. (44.44%). Most of the samples had heavy parasitic infestation and multiple parasites were also observed in same individual. The high parasitic prevalence might have adverse health impact on musk deer. The possibility of cross-transmission of parasites between livestock and wildlife in Langtang National Park should be studied in future.Journal of Institute of Science and TechnologyVol. 21, No. 1, 2016, Page: 71-75

scholarly journals Gastrointestinal parasites in stray and shelter cats in the municipality of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 383-388 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pâmela Figueiredo Pereira ◽  
Alynne da Silva Barbosa ◽  
Ana Paula Pereira de Moura ◽  
Marcelo Leitão Vasconcellos ◽  
Claudia Maria Antunes Uchôa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Gastrointestinal Parasites ◽  
Larva Migrans ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Urban Nature ◽  
Toxocara Cati ◽  
Source Of Infection ◽  
Stray Cats ◽  
Dipylidium Caninum

Abstract The increasingly urban nature of the population has led many people to choose independent pets, such as cats. This situation has also made it possible for these animals to be abandoned, thus increasing the numbers of cats on the streets and in shelters. These animals can act as a source of infection for other hosts. Between 2014 and 2015, the frequency of gastrointestinal parasites in captive and stray cats in the municipality of Rio de Janeiro was analyzed. Ninety-one fecal samples were collected from captive cats and 172 from stray cats. Centrifugal sedimentation and flotation techniques were used. The frequency of parasites among the stray cats was 77.3%, and this was significantly higher than the frequency observed in captive cats (49.5%). Helminths were detected more frequently, and hookworms were the parasites most detected. Toxocara cati, Cystoisospora sp. and Dipylidium caninum were also detected. No statistical difference in the frequency of parasites was observed between the sexes among the captive cats. However, among the stray cats, males (85.5%) presented higher positivity than females (71.8%). The high frequency of hookworms, which are the agent for “cutaneous larva migrans” in humans, shows the need to control parasitic infections among the cats studied.

scholarly journals Diversity of gastrointestinal parasites in sympatric mammals in Moukalaba-Doudou National Park, Gabon

2021 ◽  
pp. 3149-3155
Author(s):  
Serge-Ely Dibakou ◽  
Ulrich Maloueki ◽  
Barthélémy Ngoubangoye ◽  
Larson Boundenga ◽  
Stephan Ntie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Fasciola Hepatica ◽  
Mammalian Species ◽  
Gorilla Gorilla ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Gastrointestinal Parasites ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Gorilla Gorilla Gorilla ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
Rich Diversity

Background and Aim: Gastrointestinal parasites identified in the wild can negatively affect host fitness, lower performance, and growth. On the other side, sympatric mammals that share habitat and resources may also cross-transmit parasites, which are often zoonotic and can contribute to morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to characterize the diversity of gastrointestinal parasites circulating in mammalian hosts in Moukalaba-Doudou National Park. Materials and Methods: We screened a total of 25 fecal samples collected from nine wild mammalian species, namely, western gorilla (Gorilla gorilla gorilla), chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes), putty-nosed monkey (Cercopithecus nictitans), African forest elephant (Loxodonta cyclotis), African buffalo (Syncerus caffer), blue duiker (Philantomba monticola), bay duiker (Cephalophus dorsalis), and red river hog (Potamochoerus porcus) as well as people working as trackers (Homo sapiens) using direct microscopic observations following a sedimentation technique to concentrate the fecal material. Results: Of the total 25 fecal samples screened, 15 (60%) were positive for parasitic gastrointestinal infection. Based on the morphology of parasite eggs and cysts, we identified a rich diversity of nematodes, protozoans, trematodes, and cestodes, including unidentified strongyles (73%), Oesophagostomum spp. (53%), Ancylostoma spp. (27%), Trichuris spp. (13%), Ascaris spp. (13%), Mammomonogamus spp. (13%), Strongyloides spp. (47%), Balantidium coli (20%), Entamoeba coli (20%), Endolimax nana (6%), Fasciola hepatica (6%), Paramphistomum spp. (13%), and Taenia spp. (6%). Conclusion: All parasites were found at least once in one of the hosts, and most were potentially zoonotic and responsible for several diseases of public health concern. Because of the small sample size, our findings should not be considered conclusive. Nevertheless, they highlight the diversity of gastrointestinal parasites in this area.

scholarly journals Toxoplasma gondii AND OTHER PARASITES STUDIED IN FELINE FECES IN ZOOS IN CUBA AND BRAZIL

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ginette Villar Echarte ◽  
Alynne Da Silva Barbosa ◽  
Jessica Lima Pinheiro ◽  
Alejandro Manuel Rodriguez Segon ◽  
Anderson Mendes Augusto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Toxoplasma Gondii ◽  
Gastrointestinal Parasites ◽  
Panthera Leo ◽  
Panthera Tigris ◽  
Panthera Pardus ◽  
Panthera Onca ◽  
Leopardus Pardalis ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
Wild Felids ◽  
Toxascaris Leonina

Under certain circumstances, wild animals kept in zoos may be more exposed to infectious parasitic diseases. The puprpose of this study was to determine the frequency of gastrointestinal parasites in captive wild felids in the National Zoological Park (PZN) in Cuba (Havana) and in RioZoo in Brazil (Rio de Janeiro). A total of 52 fecal samples were collected from 52 felids, as follows: 19 Panthera leo, two Leopardus tigrinus, two Leopardus pardalis, one Panthera tigris altaica, four Panthera tigris tigris, six Panthera onca, seven Puma concolor, one Herpailurus yagouaroundi, three Acinonyx jubatus, two Caracal caracal and five Panthera pardus. The fecal samples were processed and examined microscopically. The frequency of parasite positive animals was 17.5% (7/40) in PZN and 25% (3/12) in RioZoo. Panthera pardus (40%) and Panthera onca (20%) were most frequently infected in PZN and Panthera leo (100%) and Leopardus pardalis (50%) in RioZoo. Hookworm (12.5%) was detected in PZN as well as Toxascaris leonina (10%) and in RioZoo nematode larvae (9.1%) , hookworm eggs (9.1%), Toxascaris leonina (2%) and the cestode eggs from the Diphyllobothriidae family (9.1%) were found. Toxoplasma gondii-like oocysts were not detected in feline feces. Although the positivity of gastrointestinal parasites detected in feline fecal samples was not very high in these zoos, both institutions need to implement and maintain sanitary measures, including routine diagnosis of parasitosis followed by specific treatment according to the infections detected.KEY WORDS: Captive wild felids; gastrointestinal parasites; National Zoo Park of Cuba; Rio de Janeiro Zoo; Brazil.

Description of a new species of Auriculostoma (Digenea: Allocreadiidae) from Characidium heirmostigmata (Characiformes: Crenuchidae) from Argentina, using morphological and molecular data

2021 ◽  
Vol 95 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.M. Montes ◽  
J. Barneche ◽  
Y. Croci ◽  
D. Balcazar ◽  
A. Almirón ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New Species ◽  
National Park ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
28S Rrna ◽  
The Family ◽  
Parasitological Survey ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Data ◽  
A New Species

Abstract During a parasitological survey of fishes at Iguazu National Park, Argentina, specimens belonging to the allocreadiid genus Auriculostoma were collected from the intestine of Characidium heirmostigmata. The erection of the new species is based on a unique combination of morphological traits as well as on phylogenetic analysis. Auriculostoma guacurarii n. sp. resembles four congeneric species – Auriculostoma diagonale, Auriculostoma platense, Auriculostoma tica and Auriculostoma totonacapanensis – in having smooth and oblique testes, but can be distinguished by a combination of several morphological features, hosts association and geographic distribution. Morphologically, the new species can be distinguished from both A. diagonale and A. platense by the egg size (bigger in the first and smaller in the last); from A. tica by a shorter body length, the genital pore position and the extension of the caeca; and from A. totonacapanensis by the size of the oral and ventral sucker and the post-testicular space. Additionally, one specimen of Auriculostoma cf. stenopteri from the characid Charax stenopterus (Characiformes) from La Plata River, Argentina, was sampled and the partial 28S rRNA gene was sequenced. The phylogenetic analysis revealed that A. guacurarii n. sp. clustered with A. tica and these two as sister taxa to A. cf. stenopteri. The new species described herein is the tenth species in the genus and the first one parasitizing a member of the family Crenuchidae.

New species of Drymopsalta Heath Cicadas (Cicadidae: Cicadettinae: Cicadettini) from Queensland and Northern Territory, Australia, with overview of genus

Zootaxa ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 3620 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-42
Author(s):  
A. EWART ◽  
L. W. POPPLE
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Similar Pattern ◽  
National Park ◽  
Northern Territory ◽  
Allopatric Species ◽  
Temporal Structures ◽  
Cape York ◽  
Three New Species ◽  
Tree Foliage

Three new species are described in the genus Drymopsalta Ewart, previously known only from D. crepitum Ewart and D. daemeli Distant. The three new species occur in Southern Queensland and Northern Territory. D. wallumi sp. nov. occurs along coastal S.E. Queensland, whereas D. hobsoni sp. nov. is restricted to the Bringalily State Forest, near Inglewood, southern inland Queensland. D. acrotela sp. nov. is found in the Litchfield National Park and other locations near Jabaluka, Cahills Crossing, E. Alligator River and Nourlangie, all across the northern Northern Territory. D. crepitum occurs on the Cape York Peninsular extending into the southern Gulf, while D. daemeli occurs in two localised regions in central coastal N.S.W. Each of the species inhabits heath vegetation, often spilling-over into adjacent tree foliage. The species of Drymopsalta are small and inconspicuous cicadas (<15 mm body length) with relatively high frequency songs (~15 to 22 kHz). The temporal structures of the normal calling songs follow a similar pattern in each species, consisting of the emission of short chirps (comprising 2–16 ticks). Between the chirps are emitted one (D. wallumi, D. hobsoni, D. acrotela), two (D. daemeli) or 1–9 (D. crepitum) intervening single ticks. The species can be distinguished by the timing and the number of these single ticks relative to the adjacent chirps with the notable exception of D. hobsoni and D. acrotela. The calling songs of these two allopatric species are indistinguishable, an unusual feature in Australian cicadas. Two additional song variants are described, a more unstructured chirping song without intervening single ticks observed in each of the species except D. crepitum, and periodic extended buzzing echemes emitted within the calling songs (excepting the D. wallumi song).

scholarly journals Norovirus recombination

2007 ◽  
Vol 88 (12) ◽  
pp. 3347-3359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rowena A. Bull ◽  
Mark M. Tanaka ◽  
Peter A. White
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
Driving Force ◽  
Recombination Event ◽  
Viral Evolution ◽  
Rna Recombination ◽  
Recombination Point ◽  
The Family ◽  
Double Recombination ◽  
Double Recombination Event ◽  
Recombination Breakpoints

RNA recombination is a significant driving force in viral evolution. Increased awareness of recombination within the genus Norovirus of the family Calicivirus has led to a rise in the identification of norovirus (NoV) recombinants and they are now reported at high frequency. Currently, there is no classification system for recombinant NoVs and a widely accepted recombinant genotyping system is still needed. Consequently, there is duplication in reporting of novel recombinants. This has led to difficulties in defining the number and types of recombinants in circulation. In this study, 120 NoV nucleotide sequences were compiled from the current GenBank database and published literature. NoV recombinants and their recombination breakpoints were identified using three methods: phylogenetic analysis, SimPlot analysis and the maximum χ 2 method. A total of 20 NoV recombinant types were identified in circulation worldwide. The recombination point is the ORF1/2 overlap in all isolates except one, which demonstrated a double recombination event within the polymerase region.

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