Toxoplasma gondii: infection among shelter and stray cats in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

A utopia do direito à cidade, no caso específico do Rio de Janeiro, começa, obrigatoriamente, pela superação da visão dicotômica favela-cidade. Para isso, é preciso que os moradores da favela possam sentir-se tão cidadãos quanto os que têm moradias fora das favelas. A utopia do direito à cidade tem de levar a favela a própria utopia da cidade. Uma cidade que não se fragmente em oposições asfalto-favela, norte-sul, praia-subúrbio e onde todos tenham direito ao(s) seu(s) centro(s). Oposições que expressam muito mais do que diferenças de localização e que se apresentam recheadas de segregação, estereótipos e ideologias. Por outro lado, o direito a cidade, como possibilidade histórica, não pode ser pensado exclusivamente a partir da favela. Mas as populações que aí habitam guardam uma contribuição inestimável para a construção prática desse direito. Isso porque, das experiências vividas, emergem aprendizados e frutificam esperanças e soluções. Para que a favela seja pólo de um desejo que impulsione a busca do direito a cidade, é necessário que ela se pense como parte da história da própria cidade e sua transformação em metrópole.Abstract The right to the city's utopy specifically in Rio de Janeiro, begins by surpassing the dichotomy approach between favela and the city. For this purpose, it is necessary, for the favela dwellers, the feeling of citizens as well as those with home outside the favelas. The right to the city's utopy must bring to the favela the utopy to the city in itself- a non-fragmented city in terms of oppositions like "asphalt"-favela, north-south, beach-suburb and where everybody has right to their center(s). These oppositions express much more the differences of location and present themselves full of segregation, stereotypes and ideologies. On the other hand, the right to the city, as historical possibility, can not be thought just from the favela. People that live there have a contribution for a practical construction of this right.

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A utopia do direito à cidade: Possibilidades de superação da dicotomia favela-bairro no Rio de Janeiro

GEOgraphia ◽

10.22409/geographia2005.v7i14.a13491 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 7 (14) ◽

Author(s):

Márcio Piñon de Oliveira

Keyword(s):

Rio De Janeiro ◽

The Other ◽

Right To The City ◽

Other Hand ◽

The Right ◽

The City

A utopia do direito à cidade, no caso específico do Rio de Janeiro, começa, obrigatoriamente, pela superação da visão dicotômica favela-cidade. Para isso, é preciso que os moradores da favela possam sentir-se tão cidadãos quanto os que têm moradias fora das favelas. A utopia do direito à cidade tem de levar a favela a própria utopia da cidade. Uma cidade que não se fragmente em oposições asfalto-favela, norte-sul, praia-subúrbio e onde todos tenham direito ao(s) seu(s) centro(s). Oposições que expressam muito mais do que diferenças de localização e que se apresentam recheadas de segregação, estereótipos e ideologias. Por outro lado, o direito a cidade, como possibilidade histórica, não pode ser pensado exclusivamente a partir da favela. Mas as populações que aí habitam guardam uma contribuição inestimável para a construção prática desse direito. Isso porque, das experiências vividas, emergem aprendizados e frutificam esperanças e soluções. Para que a favela seja pólo de um desejo que impulsione a busca do direito a cidade, é necessário que ela se pense como parte da história da própria cidade e sua transformação em metrópole.Abstract The right to the city's utopy specifically in Rio de Janeiro, begins by surpassing the dichotomy approach between favela and the city. For this purpose, it is necessary, for the favela dwellers, the feeling of citizens as well as those with home outside the favelas. The right to the city's utopy must bring to the favela the utopy to the city in itself- a non-fragmented city in terms of oppositions like "asphalt"-favela, north-south, beach-suburb and where everybody has right to their center(s). These oppositions express much more the differences of location and present themselves full of segregation, stereotypes and ideologies. On the other hand, the right to the city, as historical possibility, can not be thought just from the favela. People that live there have a contribution for a practical construction of this right.

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Seropathological Diagnosis of Toxoplasma gondii in Stray Cats in Baghdad Province

The Iraqi Journal of Veterinary Medicine ◽

10.30539/iraqijvm.v38i1.260 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 38 (1) ◽

pp. 92-98

Author(s):

Mohammed J. Alwan

Keyword(s):

Toxoplasma Gondii ◽

Alveolar Space ◽

Internal Organs ◽

Blood Samples ◽

Pathological Lesions ◽

Stray Cats ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Adult Cat ◽

The Brain ◽

Local Necrosis

The current study was performed an investigation in seropositive stray cats with Toxoplasma gondii and to correlate the results of pathological lesions with seropositive results of the cats. To achieve these goals, fifty blood samples and specimens from internal organs (liver, spleen, brain, kidney, intestine and lung) of stray cats were collected from different area of Baghdad Province during the period 1.10.2011-1.10.2012. Seropositive ELISA-IgG was demonstrated that 66 % of stray cats while female expressed (75 %) of seropositive ELISA-IgG were higher than male (30% ) and animals with average age 2months showed high percentage of seropositive ELISA-IgG (100%) as compared with age (adult cat) that expressed( 63.82 %) of seropositive. There was a significant difference (P≤0.01) among positive cases to anti-Toxoplasma ELISA-IgG. Severe pathological lesions were noticed in the lungs ,livers and intestines of animals that expressed high (optical density) (OD) of anti-Toxoplasma IgG ,in addition ,tachyzoits intracytoplasm of alveolar macrophages and hepatocytes as well as free zoites in alveolar space of the lung, were reported. Local necrosis with tachyzoites was seen in the brain of the cats, in addition to mineralization. On bases of the presence of pathological lesions in cats that expressed seropositive anti-Toxoplasma antibodies, it can be conclude that T.gondii is responsible for the appearance of inflammatory reaction in the internal organs of cats and there is a correlation between seropositive and pathological lesions of T.gondii infection and this parasite is highly distributed in Baghdad stray cats and it may be an important cause of abortion in the women.

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Immunohistochemical and serological aspects of Toxoplasma gondii infection in Neotropical primates

Semina Ciências Agrárias ◽

10.5433/1679-0359.2017v38n3p1375 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 38 (3) ◽

pp. 1375

Author(s):

Marta Regina Grumann ◽

Zigomar Da Silva ◽

José Roberto Da Silva Filho ◽

Marcio Machado Costa ◽

Maria Isabel Botelho Vieira ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Toxoplasma Gondii ◽

Immunohistochemical Study ◽

Rio Grande ◽

Distribution Patterns ◽

Serological Survey ◽

Neotropical Primates ◽

Rio Grande Do Sul ◽

Indirect Hemagglutination ◽

Unknown Reason ◽

Toxoplasma Gondii Infection

Toxoplasmosis, a disease caused by the intracellular coccidian Toxoplasma gondii that infects most warm-blooded vertebrates, is widely distributed and fatal for primates, which are peculiarly susceptible for unknown reason(s). Owing to the increasing number of Neotropical mammal deaths where in T. gondii were detected in analyzed tissues, the present immunohistochemical study analyzed the distribution patterns of immunostainings related to this parasite on primates necropsied at the Laboratório de Patologia Animal of Universidade de Passo Fundo (UPF), between the years of 2000 and 2014. Furthermore, a serological survey for the disease was conducted for 21 primates from the UPF Zoo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, belonging to genera Sapajus and Alouatta. In a immunohistochemical test performed using streptavidin-biotin-peroxidase, 26.53% positivity was detected in 98 primates. Immunostainings revealed that infection differed among the lung (76.92%), liver (58.33%), heart (50%), brain (42.30%), and kidney (23.07%) tissues. Serology performed through indirect hemagglutination showed reactivity in 85.7% of the animals, all belonging to Sapajus sp., while the three primates that did not show reactivity (14.3%) belonged to Alouatta sp.

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SEROPREVALENCE OF Toxoplasma gondii (Nicole & Manceaux, 1909) AND RETROVIRAL STATUS OF CLIENT-OWNED PET CATS (Felis catus, Linnaeus, 1758) IN RIO DE JANEIRO, BRAZIL

Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo ◽

10.1590/s0036-46652014000300004 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 56 (3) ◽

pp. 201-203 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Bethânia Ferreira Bastos ◽

Beatriz Brener ◽

Liza Gershony ◽

Liliane Willi ◽

Norma Labarthe ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Toxoplasma Gondii ◽

Rio De Janeiro ◽

Domestic Cat ◽

Retroviral Infection ◽

Fecal Samples ◽

Large Numbers ◽

Mixed Breed ◽

Indirect Hemagglutination ◽

Indirect Hemagglutination Test ◽

Retroviral Infections

Cats, as definitive host, play an important role in the transmission of Toxoplasma gondii. This study aimed to establish the seroprevalence of anti-T. gondii immunoglobulins G and M, and determine the frequency of oocysts in the feces of the domestic cat population in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. We also aimed to study the association between T. gondii infection and age, sex, breed, lifestyle, diet and retroviral infection. A total of 108 cats were included in the study and fecal samples of 54 of those cats were obtained. Only 5.6% of the cats were seropositive for anti-T. gondii immunoglobulins using the indirect hemagglutination test. None of the 54 cats presented oocysts in their fecal samples. Although not statistically significant, males, mixed-breed, free-roaming and cats aged two years and older were found to be more exposed. Age, lifestyle and the use of litter boxes were found to play an important role as risk factors. Anemia and retroviral infections were independent of T. gondii infection. No antibodies were detected in the majority of cats (94.4%), indicating that those cats had never been exposed to the parasite and, therefore, once infected, they could present the risk of shedding large numbers of oocysts into the environment.

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Urban Sites of the Everyday and the International

The Oxford Handbook of Politics and Performance ◽

10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190863456.013.40 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 292-306

Author(s):

Matt Davies

Keyword(s):

Rio De Janeiro ◽

The Other ◽

Urban Setting ◽

Research Paradigm ◽

The Everyday ◽

Performance As Research ◽

The City ◽

Urban Sites

The Other City is a downloadable audio play performed by the listener in an urban setting. Its performance opens an opportunity to explore perceptions of the city through comparisons with urban experiences in Rio de Janeiro. The cities are thus encountered as aesthetic subjects, or subjects who “articulate and mobilize thinking.” This chapter begins with an overview of the field of aesthetic research into cities and how methods that have emerged in the performance-as-research paradigm have helped illuminate urbanism and critique received wisdom about contemporary urbanization. It goes on to explain The Other City and how the play mobilizes and challenges notions of performance as research. By examining how the performance of the everyday became a political gesture in Rio in preparation for the Olympics, it shows how politics can be inaugurated in the everyday. It concludes more cautiously, however, insisting that performance cannot provide political guarantees.

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Detection and genotypes of Toxoplasma gondii DNA in feces of domestic cats in Colombia

Parasite ◽

10.1051/parasite/2020023 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 27 ◽

pp. 25 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Alejandro Zamora-Vélez ◽

Jessica Triviño ◽

Sebastián Cuadrado-Ríos ◽

Fabiana Lora-Suarez ◽

Jorge Enrique Gómez-Marín

Keyword(s):

Toxoplasma Gondii ◽

Optical Microscopy ◽

Human Population ◽

Phylogenetic Analyses ◽

High Density ◽

Domestic Cat ◽

Fecal Samples ◽

Stray Cats ◽

High Prevalence ◽

The City

The high prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in the human population in Colombia has been linked to the existence of a high density of urban stray cats, exposing the whole population to a high density of oocysts. The goal of this study was to determine the DNA prevalence of T. gondii by conventional PCR and to phylogenetically analyze ROP18 sequences from positive samples in domestic cat (Felis catus) fecal samples in the city of Armenia, Quindío. Fecal samples from 140 cats were collected from 10 districts around the city. Samples were concentrated using Ritchie’s method and analyzed through optical microscopy. Concentrates were used for DNA extraction followed by nested PCR amplification for T. gondii gene B1. PCR for ROP18 was performed on all B1 positive samples; the ROP18 sequences obtained were related to the Archetype I Brazilian and Chinese strains. No oocysts were detected by optical microscopy; however, 17.8% (25/140) B1 and 24% (6/25) ROP18 PCR-positive samples were detected. Phylogenetic analyses showed that isolates clustered into a single group. We assessed whether associations existed between T. gondii positive fecal samples and survey variables such as cat healthcare and socioeconomic characteristics of owners, but no statistically significant associations were found. The presence of T. gondii in cat feces is an important factor contributing to the high prevalence in the human population of this city.

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