scholarly journals D-α-tocopherol reduces renal damage in hypertensive rats

2012 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 291-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thaís Maria da Fonseca Pletiskaitz ◽  
Guiomar Nascimento Gomes
Keyword(s):  
Renal Damage ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Renal Vascular ◽  
Volume Retention ◽  
Normotensive Control

This study investigated the beneficial effects of D-α-tocopherol supplementation in protecting against the renal morphological and functional changes caused by hypertension. Spontaneously hypertensive (SHR) and normotensive control (WKY) rats received D-α-tocopherol (80 mg/kg by gavage) or vehicle (mineral oil) every other day for 60 days, from the age of 2 months. After this treatment period, all animals were assessed for renal morphological and functional parameters. The glomerular hypertrophy, increased interlobular wall thickness and enlarged renal vascular resistance found in SHR were reduced by D-α-tocopherol treatment. Sodium and volume retention observed in SHR were also decreased by D-α-tocopherol treatment. Moreover, D-α-tocopherol supplementation significantly reduced arterial pressure in SHR but not in WKY. D-α-tocopherol also reduced the excretion of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS), a marker of oxidative stress, in SHR. These results suggest that D-α-tocopherol supplementation can reduce kidney damage induced by hypertension.

Differential effects of salt on renal hemodynamics and potential pressure transmission in stroke-prone and stroke-resistant spontaneously hypertensive rats

2005 ◽  
Vol 289 (2) ◽  
pp. F305-F313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isam Abu-Amarah ◽  
Anil K. Bidani ◽  
Rifat Hacioglu ◽  
Geoffrey A. Williamson ◽  
Karen A. Griffin
Keyword(s):  
Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Renal Damage ◽  
Function Analysis ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive ◽  
Vascular Bed ◽  
Transfer Function Analysis ◽  
Pressure Transmission ◽  
Renal Vascular ◽  
Potential Pressure

Salt-supplemented stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRsp) develop more severe hypertension-induced renal damage (HIRD) compared with their progenitor SHR. The present studies were performed to examine whether in addition to increasing the severity of hypertension salt also enhanced the transmission of such hypertension to the renal vascular bed in the SHRsp. “Step” and “dynamic” renal blood flow (RBF) autoregulation (AR) were examined in ∼12-wk-old SHR and SHRsp after 3–5 days of an 8% NaCl diet. During step AR under anesthesia ( n = 8–11), RBF was significantly higher in the SHRsp at all perfusion pressures ( P < 0.01), but AR capacity was not different. Similarly, in separate conscious chronically instrumented rats ( n = 8 each), both blood pressure (BP) and RBF were modestly but significantly higher at baseline before salt in the SHRsp ( P < 0.05). However, transfer function analysis did not show significant differences in the admittance gain parameters. However, after 3–5 days of salt, although average BP was not significantly altered in either strain, RBF increased further in the SHRsp and there was a significantly greater transfer of BP into RBF power in the SHRsp. This was reflected in the significantly higher admittance gain parameters at most frequencies including the heartbeat frequency ( P < 0.05 maximum). These differential hemodynamic effects of salt have the potential to enhance BP transmission to the renal vascular bed and also contribute to the more severe HIRD observed in the salt-supplemented SHRsp.

scholarly journals Antioxidant Action of Solid Preparation of Xingnaojing in SHRSP

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1300800 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Liu ◽  
Naomi Yasui ◽  
Aya Kishimoto ◽  
Jian-ning Sun ◽  
Katsumi Ikeda
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Total Antioxidant Status ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Antioxidant Effect ◽  
Antioxidant Action ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive ◽  
Total Antioxidant

We investigated the antioxidant action of a solid preparation of Xingnaojing (XNJ) and ascorbic acid (AA) in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSP). The total antioxidant states in the plasma, systolic blood pressure, and heart rate were measured every 2 weeks, and lipid peroxidation, expressed as thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances in plasma, was measured in the 6th week. The results showed that AA and XNJ significantly increased the total antioxidant status in plasma and reduced malondialdehyde in the plasma. These data suggest that during 6-week administration, XNJ has antioxidant action on SHRSP, which may relate to its generalized inhibition of lipid peroxidation and promotion of the total antioxidant state. These results demonstrated that orally treated XNJ has an antioxidant effect on SHRSP plasma.

scholarly journals Beneficial effects of β-conglycinin on renal function and nephrin expression in early streptozotocin-induced diabetic nephropathy rats

2013 ◽  
Vol 111 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hsin-Yi Yang ◽  
Lin-Yi Wu ◽  
Wan-Ju Yeh ◽  
Jiun-Rong Chen
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Nephropathy ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Protein Excretion ◽  
Isoflavone Content

The objective of the present study was to investigate the effects of β-conglycinin and soya isoflavones on diabetic nephropathy (DN). DN was induced by an intravenous injection of streptozotocin (25 mg/kg) in spontaneously hypertensive rats. DN rats were divided into a non-diabetic group (C, control group) and three DN groups (D, DN with control diet; B, DN+control diet with one-eighth of casein replaced by β-conglycinin as the protein source; and I, DN+control diet with 0·01 % soya isoflavones). After a 4-week experimental period, we found that fasting blood sugar and plasma and kidney advanced glycation end product levels and 24 h urinary protein excretion of the B group were significantly lower than those of the D group and insulin sensitivity and nephrin expression of the B group were significantly higher than those of the D group. In addition, systolic blood pressure, angiotensin-converting enzyme activity, angiotensin II level and plasma TAG level of the B group were significantly lower than those of the D group, whereas only the levels of plasma TAG and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances of the I group were lower than those of the D group. In conclusion, β-conglycinin may be beneficial for retarding DN progression and this effect cannot be completely explained by its isoflavone content.

scholarly journals Dehulled Adlay Consumption Modulates Blood Pressure in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats and Overweight and Obese Young Adults

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 2305
Author(s):  
Wan-Ju Yeh ◽  
Jung Ko ◽  
Wei-Yi Cheng ◽  
Hsin-Yi Yang
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Grain Foods

High blood pressure is a crucial risk factor for many cardiovascular diseases, and a diet rich in whole-grain foods may modulate blood pressure. This study investigated the effects of dehulled adlay consumption on blood pressure in vivo. We initially fed spontaneous hypertensive rats diets without (SHR group) or with 12 or 24% dehulled adlay (SHR + LA and SHR + HA groups), and discovered that it could limit blood pressure increases over a 12-week experimental period. Although we found no significant changes in plasma, heart, and kidney angiotensin-converting enzyme activities, both adlay-consuming groups had lower endothelin-1 and creatinine concentrations than the SHR group; the SHR + HA group also had lower aspartate aminotransferase and uric acid levels than the SHR group did. We later recruited 23 participants with overweight and obesity, and they consumed 60 g of dehulled adlay daily for a six-week experimental period. At the end of the study, we observed a significant decrease in the group’s systolic blood pressure (SBP), and the change in SBP was even more evident in participants with high baseline SBP. In conclusion, our results suggested that daily intake of dehulled adlay had beneficial effects in blood-pressure management. Future studies may further clarify the possible underlying mechanisms for the consuming of dehulled adlay as a beneficial dietary approach for people at risk of hypertension.

scholarly journals Exposure to a “safe” dose of environmental pollutant bisphenol A elevates oxidative stress and modulates vasoactive system in hypertensive rats

2021 ◽  
pp. 096032712110532
Author(s):  
Manigandan Nagarajan ◽  
Boobalan Raja ◽  
Jeganathan Manivannan
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Bisphenol A ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Environmental Pollutant ◽  
Ros Generation ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances ◽  
Hypertensive Rats ◽  
Liver And Kidney ◽  
Ace Activity ◽  
Safe Dose

Due to the prevalence of hypertension (one of the major risk factors of CVD) in the population, it is necessary to explore the adverse effects of daily tolerable and “safe” dose of bisphenol A (BPA) under hypertensive conditions. The current study exposed the Nω-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME, 40 mg/kg b.w/day) induced hypertensive Wistar rats to BPA (50 μg/kg b.w/day) by oral administration along with appropriate controls for 30 days period. The results illustrate that a ‘safe’ dose of BPA does not influence the systolic blood pressure (SBP) and levels of circulatory biomarkers of tissue damage. On the other hand, BPA exposure significantly ( p < 0.05) elevates the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) content in plasma and tissues (heart, aorta, liver and kidney) in hypertensive rats when compared with respective control (BPA alone exposed) rats. Similarly, a significant modulation of ROS generation in RBC, plasma nitric oxide (NO) level and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) activity was observed only under hypertensive milieu. In conclusion, the observed adverse effects during ‘safe’ dose of BPA exposure are specific to the hypertensive condition. Therefore, a precise investigation to explore the effects of BPA exposure in vulnerable hypertensive populations is highly suggested.

TP receptors regulate renal hemodynamics during angiotensin II slow pressor response

2004 ◽  
Vol 287 (4) ◽  
pp. F753-F759 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noritaka Kawada ◽  
Kathryn Dennehy ◽  
Glenn Solis ◽  
Paul Modlinger ◽  
Rebecca Hamel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pressor Response ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Ang Ii ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances ◽  
Filtration Fraction ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Tp Receptors ◽  
Prostaglandin H ◽  
Renal Vascular

We investigated the hypothesis that thromboxane A2 (TxA2)-prostaglandin H2 receptors (TP-Rs) mediate the hemodynamic responses and increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) to ANG II (400 ng·kg−1·min−1 sc for 14 days) using TP-R knockout (TP −/−) and wild-type (+/+) mice. TP −/− had normal basal mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) and glomerular filtration rate but reduced renal blood flow and increased filtration fraction (FF) and renal vascular resistance (RVR) and markers of ROS (thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances and 8-isoprostane PGF2α) and nitric oxide (NOx). Infusion of ANG II into TP +/+ increased ROS and thromboxane B2 (TxB2) and increased RVR and FF. ANG II infusion into TP −/− mice reduced ANG I and increased aldosterone but caused a blunted increase in MAP (TP −/−: +6 ± 2 vs. TP +/+: +15 ± 3 mmHg) and failed to increase FF, ROS, or TxB2 but increased NOx and paradoxically decreased RVR (−2.1 ± 1.7 vs. +2.6 ± 0.8 mmHg·ml−1·min−1·g−1). Blockade of AT1 receptor of TP −/− mice infused with ANG II reduced MAP (−8 mmHg) and aldosterone but did not change the RVR or ROS. In conclusion, during an ANG II slow pressor response, AT1 receptors activate TP-Rs that generate ROS and prostaglandins but inhibit NO. TP-Rs mediate all of the increase in RVR and FF, part of the increase in MAP, but are not implicated in the suppression of ANG I or increase in aldosterone. TP −/− mice have a basal increase in RVR and FF associated with ROS.

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