scholarly journals Multi-Source Neural Variational Inference

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 4114-4121
Author(s):  
Richard Kurle ◽  
Stephan Günnemann ◽  
Patrick Van der Smagt
Keyword(s):  
Latent Variables ◽  
Information Sources ◽  
Information Source ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Multiple Sources ◽  
Learning Framework ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Variational Autoencoder ◽  
Learning Research ◽  
Inference Methods

Learning from multiple sources of information is an important problem in machine-learning research. The key challenges are learning representations and formulating inference methods that take into account the complementarity and redundancy of various information sources. In this paper we formulate a variational autoencoder based multi-source learning framework in which each encoder is conditioned on a different information source. This allows us to relate the sources via the shared latent variables by computing divergence measures between individual source’s posterior approximations. We explore a variety of options to learn these encoders and to integrate the beliefs they compute into a consistent posterior approximation. We visualise learned beliefs on a toy dataset and evaluate our methods for learning shared representations and structured output prediction, showing trade-offs of learning separate encoders for each information source. Furthermore, we demonstrate how conflict detection and redundancy can increase robustness of inference in a multi-source setting.

Sources of Performance Information in the Exercise Setting

1990 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vicki Ebbeck
Keyword(s):  
Goal Setting ◽  
Muscle Development ◽  
Information Sources ◽  
Weight Training ◽  
Function Analysis ◽  
Information Source ◽  
Student Feedback ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Perceived Effort ◽  
Gender Groups

This study examined the sources of information used by adult exercisers to judge performance. Of particular interest was the investigation of gender differences. Subjects, 271 adults (174 males, 97 females) who were enrolled in a university weight training program, completed a questionnaire designed to evaluate the importance of 12 information sources in judging weight training performance: instructor feedback, student feedback, student comparison, changes noticed outside the gym, personal attraction toward the activity, degree of perceived effort exerted in the workout, performance in workout, feedback from others not in the class, goal setting, muscle development, workout improvement over time, and ease in learning new skills. Results revealed a significant discriminant function analysis for gender, with six information sources entering the stepwise procedure: goal setting, student feedback, learning, effort, improvement, and changes noticed outside the gym differentiated the gender groups. Males relied more than females on student feedback as an information source to judge performance. Alternatively, females used effort, goal setting, improvement, and learning as information sources more than males.

Categorizing Blogs as Information Sources for Libraries and Information Science

2015 ◽  
pp. 4833-4845
Author(s):  
Mark-Shane Scale ◽  
Anabel Quan-Haase
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Information Needs ◽  
Information Sources ◽  
Information Science ◽  
Information Source ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Collection Development ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Source Category

Blogs are important sources of information currently used in the work of professionals, institutions and academics. Nevertheless, traditional information needs and uses research has not yet discussed where blogs fit in the existing typologies of information sources. Blogs and other types of social media have several characteristics that blur the lines of distinction existent between traditional information source categories. This chapter brings this research problem to the fore. Not only do we examine why blogs do not neatly fit into existing information source categories, but we also deliberate the implications for libraries in terms of the need to consider blogs as an information source to be included in collection development. We discuss the opportunities and possibilities for blogs to be integrated into the collection development efforts of academic and public libraries to better serve patrons. In order to accommodate for blogs and other types of social media as information sources, we propose the introduction of an additional information source category. We suggest new avenues of future research that investigate how blogs are being used to meet information needs in various social settings, such as corporations, health care and educational settings (e.g., higher education, and schools). In this chapter, we develop a framework of how blogs may function as information sources to provide libraries with a better understanding of how blogs are integrated into the context of everyday information seeking. By grouping the ways in which people employ blogs to acquire information, we propose that blogs provide information sources along a continuum ranging from non-fiction to fictional information.

scholarly journals Hubungan Antara Sumber Informasi, Uang Saku Dengan Perilaku Gaya Hidup Sehat Mahasiswi Tingkat Tiga Prodi DIII Kebidanan Universitas MH Thamrin Jakarta Timur

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Ella Nurlelawati ◽  
Kursih Sulastriningsih ◽  
Riza Umami
Keyword(s):  
Information Sources ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Information Source ◽  
Lifestyle Behaviors ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Lifestyle Behavior ◽  
Pocket Money ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle Behaviors ◽  
The Media

Globalization and technological development in each field also influence changes in behavior, people’s lifestyles, such as dietary habits, physical activity, smoking behavior, length of sleep, stress control clean and healthy living behavior. The study’s aims to determine the relationship between information sources, and pocket money with healthy lifestyle behaviors for third-level female students at the Diploma III of Midwifery study program at MH Thamrin University, East Jakarta 2016. Methods that is used is a cross- sectional design carried out for two months produced by Midwifery MH Thamrin University, East Jakarta. Information Source test results are information with healthy lifestyle behaviors indicate that information sourced from the media has healthier healthy lifestyle behaviors (79.7%). In proportion, pocket money with healthy lifestyle behavior shows that an allowance of more than one million five hundred thousand rupiahs has a healthy lifestyle behavior of 88.9% (56 respondents) compared to an allowance of less than one million five hundred thousand rupiahs of 66, 7% (20 respondents), p = 0.02, OR = 4.00 which means that respondents with an allowance of more than one million five hundred thousand rupiahs have a 4 times chance of having a healthy lifestyle compared to respondents with an allowance of less than one million five hundred thousand rupiah. Conclusion of the research are respondent with sources of information through the media have a one-time opportunity to have a healthy lifestyle an respondents with a monthly allowance of more than one million five hundred thousand rupiahs have a 4 times opportunity to have a healthy lifestyle Keywords: Healthy Lifestyle Behavior, Information Sources, Pocket Money

scholarly journals Seeking relational information sources in the digital age: A study into information source preferences amongst family and friends of those with dementia

Dementia ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 766-785 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frances Allen ◽  
Rebecca Cain ◽  
Caroline Meyer
Keyword(s):  
Information Search ◽  
Information Sources ◽  
Information Source ◽  
Postal Survey ◽  
Future Research ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Close Family Member ◽  
People With Dementia ◽  
Accessible Information

Despite an increasing number of sources providing information and advice about dementia, those living with the condition feel inadequately informed. The reasons for this remain unclear. This study has three aims: to identify where people with dementia and their carers currently access dementia-related information from; to determine how accessible, credible and comprehensible people with dementia and their carers consider the available sources of information; and to determine how people with dementia and their carers would like to receive information. An online or postal survey was completed by 171 female and 41 male participants with a close family member or friend with dementia. Accessibility above quality held the greatest influence over an individual’s use of an information source. Participants preferred relational sources such as healthcare professionals as these were able to give individualised information, yet these were poorly accessible and lacked dementia specific knowledge. Therefore, individuals used non-relational sources such as the internet. However, increased use of the internet was linked to feeling overwhelmed by information. It was not the end result of the information search but the effort taken to reach the information that influenced participant’s perception of information gathering. Future research should look at ways of designing and providing accessible information sources that act and feel like relational contact.

scholarly journals COVID-19-Related Information Sources and the Relationship With Confidence in People Coping with COVID-19: Facebook Survey Study in Taiwan

10.2196/20021 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. e20021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng-Wei Wang ◽  
Wei-Hsin Lu ◽  
Nai-Ying Ko ◽  
Yi-Lung Chen ◽  
Dian-Jeng Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Workers ◽  
Information Sources ◽  
Information Source ◽  
The Self ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Care Workers

Background People obtain information on the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) from the internet and other sources. Understanding the factors related to such information sources aids health professionals in educating individuals. Objective This study used data collected from the online survey study on COVID-19 in Taiwan to examine what major COVID-19 information sources are available and which sources are significantly related to the self-confidence of people in coping with COVID-19 in Taiwan. Methods A total of 1904 participants (1270 non–health-care workers and 634 health care workers) were recruited from the Facebook advertisement. Their major sources of information about COVID-19, the relationships between the sources and demographic factors, and the relationships between the sources and the self-confidence in coping with COVID-19 were surveyed. Results Most Taiwanese people relied on the internet for COVID-19 information. Many respondents also used a variety of sources of information on COVID-19; such variety was associated with sex, age, and the level of worry toward COVID-19, as well as if one was a health care worker. For health care workers, the use of formal lessons as an information source was significantly associated with better self-confidence in coping with COVID-19. The significant association between receiving information from more sources and greater self-confidence was found only in health care workers but not in non–health-care workers. Conclusions Medical professionals should consider subgroups of the population when establishing various means to deliver information on COVID-19.

scholarly journals INFORMATION SOURCES SUPPORTING INNOVATION IN THE PUBLIC SECTOR: THE CASE OF KOSOVO

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 22-31
Author(s):  
Rinor F. Kurteshi
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Information Sources ◽  
Information Source ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Service Users ◽  
Unique Contribution ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Sector Innovation ◽  
Public Sector Managers

This research looks at the main information sources supporting innovation in the public sector of Kosovo. This study is exploratory and a mixed methodology is used, while the findings are compared and contrasted with the current literature in the field of public sector innovation. Findings clearly indicate that visits to conferences, followed by ideas from management and examples of best practices by other governments were fundamental information sources supporting innovation in the public sector of Kosovo. Another important information source supporting innovation is the use of domestic sources of information and rarely information sources supporting innovation from events or organizations in European Union countries. Although, authors point out that gaining experience from public sector institutions in developed countries contributes in driving or supporting public sector innovation. In spite of that, public sector managers in Kosovo have failed to engage citizens or service users as information sources supporting innovation. The most recent literature provides evidence that citizens or service users knowledge and creativity is of paramount importance in enriching innovation. Henceforth, it is a prerequisite for public sector managers in Kosovo to be aware of the importance of co-creating and co-innovating with its service users. Conclusively, this study is a unique contribution to Kosovo's academics, administration practitioners and public policy makers.

scholarly journals Information foraging for perceptual decisions

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Casimir Johannes Hendrikus Ludwig ◽  
David R. Evens
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Processing ◽  
Information Source ◽  
Sampling Strategy ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Perceptual Decision Making ◽  
Multiple Sources ◽  
Information Foraging ◽  
Motion Patterns ◽  
Dot Motion ◽  
Absolute Judgement

We tested an information foraging framework to characterise the mechanisms that drive active (visual) sampling behaviour in decision problems that involve multiple sources of information. Experiments 1-3 involved participants making an absolute judgement about the direction of motion of a single random dot motion pattern. In Experiment 4, participants made a relative comparison between two motion patterns that could only be sampled sequentially. Our results show that: (i) Information (about noisy motion information) grows to an asymptotic level that depends on the quality of the information source; (ii) The limited growth is due to unequal weighting of the incoming sensory evidence, with early samples being weighted more heavily; (iii) Little information is lost once a new source of information is being sampled; (iv) The point at which the observer switches from one source to another is governed by on-line monitoring of his or her degree of (un)certainty about the sampled source. These findings demonstrate that the sampling strategy in perceptual decision-making is under some direct control by ongoing cognitive processing. More specifically, participants are able to track a measure of (un)certainty and use this information to guide their sampling behaviour.

scholarly journals FAST: An extension of the Wavelet Synchrosqueezed Transform

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samit Chakrabarty ◽  
Amey Desai ◽  
Thomas Richards
Keyword(s):  
Frequency Domain ◽  
Wavelet Transforms ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Multiple Sources ◽  
Complex Signals ◽  
Hilbert Transforms ◽  
Critical Areas ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
The Time Domain ◽  
Heisenberg's Uncertainty Principle

<p>Extracting frequency domain information from signals usually requires conversion from the time domain using methods such as Fourier, wavelet, or Hilbert transforms. Each method of transformation is subject to a theoretical limit on resolution due to Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle. Different methods of transformation approach this limit through different trade-offs in resolution along the frequency and time axes in the frequency domain representation. One of the better and more versatile methods of transformation is the wavelet transform, which makes a closer approach to the limit of resolution using a technique called synchrosqueezing. While this produces clearer results than the conventional wavelet transforms, it does not address a few critical areas. In complex signals that are com-posed of multiple independent components, frequency domain representation via synchrosqueezed wavelet transformation may show artifacts at the instants where components are not well separated in frequency. These artifacts significantly obscure the frequency distribution. In this paper, we present a technique that improves upon this aspect of the wavelet synchrosqueezed transform and improves resolution of the transformation. This is achieved through bypassing the limit on resolution using multiple sources of information as opposed to a single transform.</p>

scholarly journals Levels of Trust in Information Sources as a Predictor of Protective Health Behaviors During COVID-19 Pandemic: A UAE Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria J. Figueiras ◽  
Jihane Ghorayeb ◽  
Mariana V. C. Coutinho ◽  
João Marôco ◽  
Justin Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Health Behaviors ◽  
Health Information ◽  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Information Sources ◽  
Information Source ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Protective Behaviors ◽  
Sociodemographic Variables ◽  
Health Messaging

Health information sources and the level of trust in a particular source may influence the subsequent adoption of advocated health behaviors. Information source preference and levels of trust are also likely to be influenced by sociodemographic (culture, age, gender) variables. Understanding these source-trust-behavior relationships across various national and cultural contexts is integral to improved health messaging. The present study identified the sources most frequently consulted to obtain information about COVID-19 during the pandemic's early stages in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). The study quantified levels of trust across an array of information sources, factoring in sociodemographic variables. Finally, the study explored the relationship between sociodemographic variables, levels of trust in information sources, and the adoption of COVID-19 related protective behaviors. Participants (n = 1585) were recruited during the first 2 weeks of April 2020 via announcements in the UAE media and through email networks. All participants completed a web-based survey presented in English or Arabic, as preferred. The most frequently consulted information sources were websites (health information websites), social media, government communications, and family and friends. The sources rated most trustworthy were: personal physicians, health care professionals, and government communications. There were differences in the use of sources and levels of trust according to age, gender, and education. The levels of trust in sources of information were associated with the adoption of protective behaviors, significantly so for citizens of the UAE. These findings may help inform the improvement of pandemic–related health messaging in multicultural contexts.

scholarly journals COVID-19-Related Information Sources and the Relationship With Confidence in People Coping with COVID-19: Facebook Survey Study in Taiwan (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng-Wei Wang ◽  
Wei-Hsin Lu ◽  
Nai-Ying Ko ◽  
Yi-Lung Chen ◽  
Dian-Jeng Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Workers ◽  
Information Sources ◽  
Information Source ◽  
The Self ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Care Workers

BACKGROUND People obtain information on the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) from the internet and other sources. Understanding the factors related to such information sources aids health professionals in educating individuals. OBJECTIVE This study used data collected from the online survey study on COVID-19 in Taiwan to examine what major COVID-19 information sources are available and which sources are significantly related to the self-confidence of people in coping with COVID-19 in Taiwan. METHODS A total of 1904 participants (1270 non–health-care workers and 634 health care workers) were recruited from the Facebook advertisement. Their major sources of information about COVID-19, the relationships between the sources and demographic factors, and the relationships between the sources and the self-confidence in coping with COVID-19 were surveyed. RESULTS Most Taiwanese people relied on the internet for COVID-19 information. Many respondents also used a variety of sources of information on COVID-19; such variety was associated with sex, age, and the level of worry toward COVID-19, as well as if one was a health care worker. For health care workers, the use of formal lessons as an information source was significantly associated with better self-confidence in coping with COVID-19. The significant association between receiving information from more sources and greater self-confidence was found only in health care workers but not in non–health-care workers. CONCLUSIONS Medical professionals should consider subgroups of the population when establishing various means to deliver information on COVID-19.

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