Weed Control Programs in Drill-Seeded Imidazolinone-Resistant Rice (Oryza sativa)

2006 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 956-960 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Zhang ◽  
Eric P. Webster ◽  
Kristie J. Pellerin ◽  
David C. Blouin
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
The Other ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Red Rice ◽  
Control Programs ◽  
Hemp Sesbania

A study was conducted to evaluate weed control with imazethapyr applied at different timings or a combination of timings with or without an early POST application of bensulfuron, bentazon plus aciflurofen, bispyribac, carfentrazone, halosulfuron, propanil plus molinate, or triclopyr in drill-seeded imidazolinone-resistant rice. Control of barnyardgrass, red rice, and alligatorweed was insufficient with imazethapyr at 87 g/ha PRE or at 53 g/ha late POST alone. Imazethapyr at 87 g/ha PRE followed by imazethapyr at 53 g/ha late POST controlled red rice 86% or greater but did not control hemp sesbania. The imazethapyr PRE followed by late POST combination was also weak on barnyardgrass and alligatorweed early in the season. The addition of an early POST application of the other herbicides to the imazethapyr combination improved overall weed control, especially hemp sesbania control. Among the early POST herbicides, bispyribac, carfentrazone, or propanil plus molinate were more effective in helping improve the overall weed control, resulting in better rice grain yield.

Red Rice (Oryza sativa) Control in Drill-Seeded Rice (O. sativa)

Weed Science ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 703-707 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amadou Diarra ◽  
Roy J. Smith ◽  
Ronald E. Talbert
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Rice Cultivar ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Rice Seed ◽  
Red Rice ◽  
Culm Density ◽  
High Yields

Field experiments were conducted to investigate methods of controlling red rice (Oryza sativaL. ♯ ORYSA) in drill-seeded rice (O. sativa). Treatments included the rice cultivar ‘Mars', coated with calcium peroxide (CaO2) at 40% (w/w) and a crop protectant, R-33865 (O,O-diethyl-O-phenyl phosphorothioate) at 0.5 and 1% (v/w). Molinate (S-ethyl hexahydro-1H-azepine-1-carbothioate) at 6.7 kg ai/ha was applied preplant incorporated (ppi). The land was flooded (2.5 to 5 cm deep) after seeding with rice (100 kg/ha, 2.5 cm deep), and the water was maintained throughout the growing season. CaO2, with or without molinate, increased rice grain yield 50% and increased rice culm density fivefold above untreated rice. Molinate applied ppi controlled 96% of the red rice. Rice seed coated with only CaO2or with CaO2plus R-33865 at 0.5%, each combined with ppi molinate, produced 5690 and 6030 kg/ha of grain, respectively. These high yields were associated with red rice control by molinate and good stands of rice provided by O2supplied by CaO2. R-33865 applied to rice seed at 1% (v/w) injured rice by reducing rice culm densities 41%, compared with rice without protectant.

Integration of Molinate use with Water Management for Red Rice (Oryza sativa) Control in Water-seeded Rice (Oryza sativa)

Weed Science ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 916-922 ◽  
Author(s):  
John B. Baker ◽  
Earl A. Sonnier ◽  
James W. Shrefler
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Management Practice ◽  
Substantial Reduction ◽  
Stand Density ◽  
Superior Performance ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Red Rice ◽  
Excellent Tool

Integration of preplant-incorporated molinate (S-ethyl hexahydro-1H-azepine-1-carbothioate) at 4.5 kg ai/ha and a brief postseeding drainage period in water-seeded rice (Oryza sativaL.) gave the best red rice (Oryza sativaL. # ORYSA) control without a significant reduction in cultivar stand density. This combination of practices provided higher cultivar grain yield and lower red rice grain yield than any water management practice alone. Continuous-flood water management provided a substantial reduction in red rice stand density, but it also caused a significant reduction in the cultivar stand density. Under the reduced stand density conditions, the red rice was very competitive and yielded more than the cultivar. Although brief drainage alone gave a significantly lower level of red rice control, it had no significant effect on the cultivar stand density, and the red rice and cultivar yields were not significantly different from the continuous-flood yields. Prolonged drainage had the highest red rice and cultivar stand densities and the highest red rice grain yield, but the cultivar yield was not significantly different from the other plots that were not treated with herbicide. Although this treatment gave the highest total grain yield, its composition had the highest percentage of red rice. Puddling the seedbed did not alter the stands or yields of red rice or cultivar compared to the nonpuddled plots with the same water management and herbicide rate. The application of molinate as a preplant-incorporated treatment or as a preplant postflood treatment before or after puddling gave results that were not significantly different from each other. The superior performance of preplant application of molinate in water-seeded rice in conjunction with a brief postseeding drainage period provides an excellent tool for red rice suppresion.

Weed Thresholds in Southern U.S. Rice,Oryza sativa

1988 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 232-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roy J. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Individual Species ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Control Technology ◽  
Aquatic Weeds ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Red Rice ◽  
Grain Yields ◽  
Hemp Sesbania ◽  
Growth Habits

Knowledge of interference thresholds, biology, and growth habits of weeds of rice is essential to implement timely, effective, economical weed control technology for profitable rice production. Regression analyses were used to determine threshold levels for weed densities and durations of interference for major weeds of rice. Weed threshold information for individual species or combinations of species can be used to develop models for initiating control inputs and determining their costs and returns. Among the grass weeds in density experiments, red rice reduced rice grain yields the most followed by barnyardgrass, beared sprangletop, and broadleaf signalgrass. Among broadleaf/aquatic weeds in density experiments, hemp sesbania reduced rice grain yields the most followed by northern jointvetch, ducksalad, spreading dayflower, and eclipta. Barnyardgrass, broadleaf signalgrass, and ducksalad interfered with rice the most during early season, whereas eclipta, hemp sesbania, northern jointvetch, red rice, and spreading dayflower caused greater interference during mid- to late-season.

Interference of Red Rice (Oryza sativa) with Rice (O. sativa)

Weed Science ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 644-649 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amadou Diarra ◽  
Roy J. Smith ◽  
Ronald E. Talbert
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Red Rice ◽  
Cultivated Rice ◽  
Rice Grains ◽  
L 22

Red rice (Oryza sativaL. ♯ ORYSA) densities of 5, 108, and 215 plants/m2reduced grain yield of commercial rice (Oryza sativaL.) 22, 77, and 82%, respectively. At a cultivated rice density of 195 plants/m2, red rice at 5, 108, and 215 plants/m2reduced straw dry weight of cultivated rice 18, 66, and 68%, respectively. At a red rice density of 5 plants/m2, reduction in number of cultivated rice grains per panicle ranged from 8 to 18%, whereas densities of 108 and 215 plants/m2reduced grains per panicle 56 to 70%. Red rice grain yield was 24 to 33% lower in ‘Mars' rice than in ‘Lebonnet’. Mars, a medium-grain cultivar that matures in 138 days, competed better with red rice than Lebonnet, a long-grain cultivar that matures in 126 days.

Efficacy of some insecticide modules against major insect pests and spider population of rice, Oryza sativa L.

ENTOMON ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 257-262
Author(s):  
Atanu Seni ◽  
Bhimasen Naik
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Untreated Control ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Gall Midge ◽  
Stem Borer ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Third ◽  
Treated Plot

Experiments were carried out to assess some insecticide modules against major insect pests of rice. Each module consists of a basal application of carbofuran 3G @ 1 kg a.i ha-1 at 20 DAT and Rynaxypyr 20 SC @ 30 g a.i ha-1 at 45 DAT except untreated control. All modules differ with each other only in third treatment which was applied in 65 DAT. The third treatment includes: Imidacloprid 17.8 SL @ 27 g a.i ha-1, Pymetrozine 50 WG @ 150 g a.i ha-1, Triflumezopyrim 106 SC @ 27 g a.i ha-1, Buprofezin 25 SC @ 250 g a.i ha-1; Glamore (Imidacloprid 40+Ethiprole 40% w/w) 80 WG @ 100 g a.i. ha-1, Thiacloprid 24 SC @ 60 g a.i ha-1, Azadirachtin 0.03 EC @ 8 g a.i ha-1, Dinotefuran 20 SG@ 40 g a.i ha-1 and untreated control. All the treated plots recorded significantly lower percent of dead heart, white ear- head caused by stem borer and silver shoot caused by gall midge. Module with Pymetrozine 50 WG @ 150 g a.i ha-1 treated plot recorded significantly higher per cent reduction of plant hoppers (>80% over untreated control) and produced higher grain yield (50.75 qha-1) than the other modules. Among the different treated modules the maximum number of spiders was found in Azadirachtin 0.03 EC @ 8 g a.i ha-1 treated module plot followed by other treatments.

Effect of weeds and nitrogen fertiliser on yield and grain protein concentration of wheat

1996 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 443 ◽  
Author(s):  
MG Mason ◽  
RW Madin
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Protein Concentration ◽  
The Other ◽  
Grain Protein ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Wheat Grain ◽  
Grain Protein Concentration ◽  
Nitrogen Fertiliser

Field trials at Beverley (19911, Salmon Gums (1991; 2 sites) and Merredin (1992; 2 sites), each with 5 rates of nitrogen (N) and 3 levels of weed control, were used to investigate the effect of weeds and N on wheat grain yield and protein concentration during 1991 and 1992. Weeds in the study were grasses (G) and broadleaf (BL). Weeds reduced both vegetative dry matter yield and grain yield of wheat at all sites except for dry matter at Merredin (BL). Nitrogen fertiliser increased wheat dry matter yield at all sites. Nitrogen increased wheat grain yield at Beverley and Merredin (BL), but decreased yield at both Salmon Gums sites in 1991. Nitrogen fertiliser increased grain protein concentration at all 5 sites-at all rates for 3 sites [Salmon Gums (G) and (BL) and Merredin (G)] and at rates of 69 kg N/ha or more at the other 2 sites [Beverley and Merredin (BL)]. However, the effect of weeds on grain protein varied across sites. At Merredin (G) protein concentration was higher where there was no weed control, possibly due to competition for soil moisture by the greater weed burden. At Salmon Gums (G), grain protein concentration was greater when weeds were controlled than in the presence of weeds, probably due to competition for N between crop and weeds. In the other 3 trials, there was no effect of weeds on grain protein. The effect of weeds on grain protein appears complex and depends on competition between crop and weeds for N and for water at the end of the season, and the interaction between the two.

scholarly journals Organic Fertilizer Titonia Plus and Micro Nutrients Improved Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Production in Koto Panjang and Koto Tingga, Padang City, West Sumatera, Indonesia

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (01) ◽  
pp. 22-27
Author(s):  
Nalwida Rozen ◽  
Gusnidar Gusnidar ◽  
Nurhajati Hakim
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Chemical Fertilizer ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
On Farm

A series of on-farm fi eld experiments were conducted in two locations in Padang, Koto Panjang and Koto Tingga, West Sumatera, Indonesia in 2015. The purpose of the experiment was to establish the formula of organic fertilizer derived from Tithonia supplied with micro nutrients, Zn and Mn, on rice. The experiments were conducted using completely-randomized block design with six treatments and three replications. The treatments were P = Tithonia Organic Fertilizer Plus (TOFP) + 3.0 kg Mn.ha-1, Q = TOFP + 3.0 kg Mn.ha-1+ 3.0 kg Zn.ha-1, R = TOFP + 4.5 kg Mn.ha-1 + 6 kg Zn.ha-1, S= TOFP + 4.5 kg Mn.ha-1+ 9 kg Zn.ha-1, T = TOFP only, U = 100% chemical fertilizer only. Treatment with micro nutrients as addition to TOFP (TOFP+ 3.0 kg Mn.ha-1 and TOFP+ 3.0 kg Mn.ha-1+3.0 kg Zn.ha-1) increased rice grain yield by 80 g per clump.

Competition of Bearded Sprangletop (Leptochloa fascicularis) with Rice (Oryza sativa)

Weed Science ◽  
1983 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 120-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roy J. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Paddy Rice ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Rice Seed ◽  
Weed Density ◽  
Weed Plant ◽  
Linear Decrease ◽  
Head Rice ◽  
Rice Yields

Yields of drill-seeded paddy rice (Oryza sativaL. ‘Lebonnet’) at optimum stands of 215 to 270 plants/m2at Stuttgart, Arkansas, were reduced 9, 18, 20, and 36% by bearded sprangletop [Leptochloa fascicularis(Lam.) Gray] densities of 11, 22, 54, and 108 plants/m2, respectively. There was a linear decrease in rice grain yield of 21 kg/ha for each bearded sprangletop plant per square meter. Weed densities of 54 and 108 plants/m2reduced head-rice yields (whole milled kernels) and a density of 108 plants/m2reduced germination of rice seed. The number of bearded sprangletop panicles produced per weed plant decreased as the weed density increased.

Molinate (S-ethyl hexahydro-1H-azepine-1-carbothioate) controls red rice (Oryza sativa) in the Burdekin Valley of North Queensland

1990 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 841 ◽  
Author(s):  
JE Barnes
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Weed Suppression ◽  
Red Rice ◽  
Whole Grain ◽  
Grain Number ◽  
Grain Moisture ◽  
Winter Crops ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
1000 Grain Weight

Molinate controlled red rice (Oryza sativa) in commercial rice (O. sativa cv. Starbonnet) giving an increasing response at rates of 3.6, 4.3, 5.0, 5.7, 6.4, 7.2, 7.9 kg a.i./ha in 1 summer and 2 winter crops. No crop injury was observed at any rate of molinate, and grain yield, grain moisture, 1000-grain weight, head counts, grain number per head, germination counts, percentage bran and head yield were not affected. In 2 experiments, the percentage of whole grain was not affected by the chemical but in 1 experiment percentage whole grain increased with the rate of chemical used. Molinate provides a substantial level of control of red rice in commercial rice but the response to the herbicide is variable. In some crops weed suppression up to about 50% control is all that can be achieved, but in other crops controls of >90% are achievable. With the low levels of infestation that usually occur in North Queensland these levels of control are acceptable.

scholarly journals MANAGEMENT OF RED RICE (ORYZA SATIVA) AND BARNYARDGRASS (ECHINOCHLOA CRUS-GALLI) GROWN WITH SORGHUM WITH REDUCED RATE OF ATRAZINE AND MECHANICAL METHODS

2012 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 587-596 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANDRÉ ANDRES ◽  
GERMANI CONCENÇO ◽  
GIOVANI THEISEN ◽  
LEANDRO GALON ◽  
FRANCO TESIO
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Control Method ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
Soil Tillage ◽  
Weedy Rice ◽  
Red Rice ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Mechanical Methods ◽  
Tillage System

SUMMARYThe weedy variety ofOryza sativaoccurs in several rice cultivation areas reducing both grain yield and quality. Prevention and crop rotation are considered the basic means to reduce its presence. Weed control in sorghum is generally attained with atrazine. In this study, the efficacy of both chemical and mechanical methods for control, under different soil tillage conditions, of weedy rice and barnyardgrass during sorghum cultivation was evaluated with the aim to reduce the application rate of atrazine. In the case of chemical control, the atrazine rate (1000, 1500, 2000, 2500 and 3000 ga.i.ha−1) and application timing (pre- and post-emergence) were assessed. With the mechanical control method, the number of interventions (inter-row hoeing with sorghum at 3, 4–5 and 6–8 leaves) to avoid weed competition was determined. The effect of the tillage system on weed population was investigated comparing conventional (ploughing), minimum-tillage (disc harrowing) and sod seeding (no-tillage) in combination with pre- and post-emergence herbicide treatments. The results showed that efficient control of weedy rice and barnyardgrass was achieved in lowlands with sorghum in rotation with rice. Both chemical and mechanical methods of weed control in sorghum gave a level of efficiency higher than 60%. The application of atrazine was more efficient in pre-emergence application, rather than in post-emergence treatments, in all soil tillage systems tested. On both weed species, the most suitable application rate was the pre-emergence treatment with 1500 ga.i.ha−1, and the adoption of higher rates did not significantly increase the herbicidal efficacy. The adoption of two or three mechanical interventions resulted in sorghum yield higher than the chemical post-emergence application, and similar to the application of atrazine in pre-emergence. Higher yield results were in accordance to greater weed control, being obtained in the conventional tillage system.

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