Creeping Bentgrass (Agrostis Stolonifera) Tolerance to Sulfosulfuron

2008 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 481-485 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick E. McCullough ◽  
Stephen E. Hart
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Creeping Bentgrass ◽  
Agrostis Stolonifera ◽  
Early Summer ◽  
Growth Chamber ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Golf Courses ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Intensively Managed ◽  
Better Than

Sulfosulfuron was recently registered for grassy weed control in creeping bentgrass, but turf sensitivity is a concern for intensively managed golf courses. Field and growth chamber experiments in New Jersey investigated creeping bentgrass growth responses and tolerance to sulfosulfuron. Creeping bentgrass chlorosis increased with sulfosulfuron rate but turf had less chlorosis from sequential sulfosulfuron applications compared to bispyribac–sodium. Herbicide-treated turf had similar root weight compared to untreated turf on six sampling dates. In growth-chamber experiments, creeping bentgrass treated with sulfosulfuron had chlorosis and clipping weight reductions exacerbated by reductions in temperature from 25 to 15 C. Overall, creeping bentgrass appears to tolerate sequential sulfosulfuron applications better than or comparable to bispyribac-sodium in early summer, whereas creeping bentgrass sensitivity to sulfosulfuron increases at cooler temperatures.

Creeping Bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera) Putting Green Tolerance to Bispyribac-Sodium

2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 425-430 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick E. McCullough ◽  
Stephen E. Hart
Keyword(s):  
Growth Inhibition ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Creeping Bentgrass ◽  
Agrostis Stolonifera ◽  
Root Weight ◽  
Putting Greens ◽  
Annual Bluegrass ◽  
Greenhouse Experiments ◽  
Chelated Iron ◽  
Putting Green

Bispyribac-sodium is an efficacious herbicide for annual bluegrass control in creeping bentgrass fairways, but turf tolerance and growth inhibition may be exacerbated by low mowing heights on putting greens. We conducted field and greenhouse experiments to investigate creeping bentgrass putting green tolerance to bispyribac-sodium. In greenhouse experiments, creeping bentgrass discoloration from bispyribac-sodium was exacerbated by reductions in mowing height from 24 to 3 mm, but mowing height did not influence clipping yields or root weight. In field experiments, discoloration of creeping bentgrass putting greens was greatest from applications of 37 g/ha every 10 d, compared to 74, 111, or 222 g/ha applied less frequently. Chelated iron effectively reduced discoloration of creeping bentgrass putting greens from bispyribac-sodium while trinexapac-ethyl inconsistently reduced these effects. Overall, creeping bentgrass putting greens appear more sensitive to bispyribac-sodium than higher mowed turf, but chelated iron and trinexapac-ethyl could reduce discoloration.

scholarly journals FALL, SPLIT, AND TANK-MIX APPLICATION METHODS AS ALTERNATIVES TO SPRING PREEMERGENT HERBICIDE APPLICATION

HortScience ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 627g-628
Author(s):  
Martin L. Kaps ◽  
Marilyn B. Odneal
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Residual Activity ◽  
Early Summer ◽  
Herbicide Application ◽  
Weed Growth ◽  
Full Rate ◽  
Winter Annual ◽  
Application Methods ◽  
Annual Weeds ◽  
Better Than

Preemergent herbicides were applied to vineyards in the southcentral Missouri Ozark region. These were applied at full label rate in the fall or in the spring, at half rate in the fall and again in the spring, and as tank-mixes in the spring. Days of acceptable annual weed control (30% or less cover) beyond the untreated control were determined for these application methods over three years. The fall applications were effective at controlling winter annual weeds and early summer annual weed growth the following season. By mid summer the fall applied preemergents lost residual activity. Splitting the label rate between fall and spring was no better than a full rate spring application at increasing the days of acceptable summer annual weed control. Single preemergent spring application performed as well as tank-mixes.

scholarly journals Take-all Patch Suppression in Creeping Bentgrass with Manganese and Copper

HortScience ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 891-892 ◽  
Author(s):  
W.J. Hill ◽  
J.R. Heckman ◽  
B.B. Clarke ◽  
J.A. Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Disease Resistance ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Creeping Bentgrass ◽  
Agrostis Stolonifera ◽  
Gaeumannomyces Graminis ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Disease Development ◽  
Golf Courses ◽  
Low Rate ◽  
Take All

Take-all patch, caused by Gaeumannomyces graminis (Sacc.) Arx. & D. Olivier var. avenae (E.M. Turner) Dennis (Gga), is a disease of creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera Huds.), which most often is associated with golf courses. Synthesis of ligneous and phenolic compounds by plants requires adequate Mn+2 and Cu+2 nutrition and may be a factor in disease resistance. An experiment was conducted on a creeping bentgrass fairway naturally infested with Gga to determine if foliar applications of Mn+2 (1.02 and 2.04 kg·ha–1 per application) and Cu+2 (0.68 kg·ha–1 per application) would reduce take-all severity. Prior to initiating treatments, soil pH was 6.4 and Mehlich-3 extractable Mn+2 and Cu+2 were 5 mg·kg–1 and 1.7 mg·kg–1, respectively. Manganese and copper sulfate treatments were initiated in July 1995 and foliarly applied every 4 weeks through 1997 with the exception of December, January, and February. Disease incidence was decreased from 20% on untreated turf to 5% with the high rate of MnSO4. For both years, turf treated with the high rate of Mn+2 had less disease than turf receiving the low rate of Mn+2. The application of CuSO4, however, did not influence disease development.

Temperature Influences Creeping Bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera) and Annual Bluegrass (Poa annua) Response to Bispyribac-Sodium

2006 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 728-732 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick E. McCullough ◽  
Stephen E. Hart
Keyword(s):  
New Jersey ◽  
New Brunswick ◽  
Creeping Bentgrass ◽  
Agrostis Stolonifera ◽  
Poa Annua ◽  
Growth Chamber ◽  
Annual Bluegrass ◽  
Temperature Regimes ◽  
Leaf Chlorosis ◽  
Research Complex

Bispyribac-sodium is a POST herbicide that selectively controls annual bluegrass in creeping bentgrass, but inconsistent results with seasonal applications are believed to occur from temperature influences on bispyribac-sodium efficacy. Growth chamber experiments at the New Jersey Experimental Greenhouse Research Complex, New Brunswick, NJ, investigated three temperature regimes on ‘L-93’ creeping bentgrass and annual bluegrass responses to bispyribac-sodium. Annual bluegrass and creeping bentgrass exhibited contrasting responses to bispyribac-sodium as temperature increased from 10 to 30 C. Regressions of 4 week after treatment (WAT) data revealed as temperature increased from 10 to 30 C, required bispyribac-sodium rates for 50% clipping reduction (CR50) of annual bluegrass decreased from 85 to 31 g ai/ha and required rates for 50% leaf chlorosis decreased from greater than 296 to 98, indicating increased herbicidal efficacy at higher temperatures. In contrast, required bispyribac-sodium rates for creeping bentgrass CR50increased from 200 to greater than 296 as temperature increased from 10 to 30 C. Bispyribac-sodium discolored creeping bentgrass 0 to 20% at 20 and 30 C and discoloration increased 10 to 50% at 10 C. Thus, warmer temperatures (20 and 30 C) increase bispyribac-sodium efficacy for annual bluegrass control with minimal bentgrass discoloration; however, cooler temperatures (10 C) have minimal efficacy on annual bluegrass and increase bentgrass chlorosis.

scholarly journals Identification, Characterization, and Distribution of Acidovorax avenae subsp. avenae Associated with Creeping Bentgrass Etiolation and Decline

Plant Disease ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 96 (12) ◽  
pp. 1736-1742 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul R. Giordano ◽  
Arielle M. Chaves ◽  
Nathaniel A. Mitkowski ◽  
Joseph M. Vargas
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Creeping Bentgrass ◽  
The United States ◽  
Agrostis Stolonifera ◽  
Golf Courses ◽  
Putting Greens ◽  
16S Rdna Sequence ◽  
16S Rdna Sequence Analysis ◽  
First Occurrence ◽  
Significant Disease

Bacterial etiolation and decline caused by Acidovorax avenae subsp. avenae is an emerging disease of creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera) in and around the transition zone, a unique area of turfgrass culture between cool and warm regions of the United States. It is suspected that the disease has been present for many years, although diagnosis of the first occurrence was not reported until 2010. Solicitation of samples from golf courses in 2010 and 2011 was undertaken to investigate the prevalence and dissemination of Acidovorax avenae subsp. avenae on creeping bentgrass. At least 21 isolates from 13 states associated with these outbreaks on golf courses were confirmed as A. avenae subsp. avenae by pathogenicity assays and 16S rDNA sequence analysis at two independent locations. Pathogenicity testing of bacterial isolates from creeping bentgrass samples exhibiting heavy bacterial streaming confirmed A. avenae subsp. avenae as the only bacterium to cause significant disease symptoms and turfgrass decline. Host range inoculations revealed isolates of A. avenae subsp. avenae to be pathogenic on all Agrostis stolonifera cultivars tested, with slight but significant differences in disease severity on particular cultivars. Other turfgrass hosts tested were only mildly susceptible to Acidovorax avenae subsp. avenae infection. This study initiated research on A. avenae subsp. avenae pathogenicity causing a previously uncharacterized disease of creeping bentgrass putting greens in the United States.

scholarly journals Resistance of Closely Mown Fine Fescue and Bentgrass Species to Snow Mold Pathogens

Plant Disease ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 95 (7) ◽  
pp. 847-852 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeff Gregos ◽  
M. D. Casler ◽  
J. C. Stier
Keyword(s):  
Creeping Bentgrass ◽  
Agrostis Stolonifera ◽  
Microdochium Nivale ◽  
Golf Courses ◽  
Snow Mold ◽  
Host Genus ◽  
Turf Quality ◽  
Fine Fescue ◽  
One Year ◽  
Field Plots

Creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera) is the primary species used on golf courses in temperate regions but requires prophylactic fungicide treatment to prevent snow mold diseases. We hypothesized that fine fescues (Festuca spp.) and colonial bentgrass (A. capillaris) have superior resistance to snow mold diseases compared with creeping bentgrass. Our objective was to compare the resistance of fine fescues, colonial bentgrass, and creeping bentgrass to snow mold diseases caused by Microdochium nivale and Typhula spp. Field plots were established in two separate years on fairways of three golf courses in Wisconsin to encompass the geographic distribution of snow mold pathogens. The experimental design was a split-split-split plot arrangement with three replications. Whole plots were pathogen species, host genus were subplots, host cultivars were sub-subplots, and inoculated versus noninoculated treatments were sub-sub-subplots. Plots were visually evaluated each spring for disease, turf quality, and Poa annua infestation. Data were analyzed using planned contrasts. Inoculation effects depended on pathogen type and location. Creeping bentgrass always had the most snow mold damage. Fine fescues had less snow mold damage than colonial bentgrass except for one year–location but did not provide acceptable year-long turf quality due to P. annua invasion.

scholarly journals Silvery-thread Moss Control in Creeping Bentgrass Putting Greens with Mancozeb Plus Copper Hydroxide and Carfentrazone Applied in Conjunction with Cultural Practices

2010 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 574-578 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven M. Borst ◽  
J. Scott McElroy ◽  
Greg K. Breeden
Keyword(s):  
Weed Control ◽  
Initial Treatment ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Creeping Bentgrass ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Agrostis Stolonifera ◽  
Copper Hydroxide ◽  
Putting Greens ◽  
Bryum Argenteum

Carfentrazone is a broadleaf weed control herbicide that is also used for control of silvery-thread moss (Bryum argenteum) in creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera) putting greens. Field studies were initiated in June 2006 and May 2007 to evaluate silvery-thread moss control with carfentrazone alone, carfentrazone applied with nitrogen (N) and/or topdressing (TD), N alone, TD alone, and mancozeb plus copper hydroxide. All treatments except for mancozeb plus copper hydroxide and the non-treated control reduced silvery-thread moss populations 16 weeks after initial treatment. Carfentrazone applied alone and carfentrazone followed by N decreased silvery-thread moss populations by 39%. Carfentrazone followed by TD and carfentrazone followed by N + TD decreased silvery-thread moss populations by 73% and 66%, respectively. These data indicate the importance of using cultural practices to control silvery-thread moss on creeping bentgrass putting greens.

MICROPROPAGATION OF CHICKPEA FROM SHOOT TIP AND NODE SEGMENT

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. D. BARSHILE
Keyword(s):  
Shoot Tip ◽  
Root Induction ◽  
Multiple Response ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Rapid Multiplication ◽  
Micro Propagation ◽  
G 12 ◽  
Better Than

Present investigation was undertaken to standardize technique for in vitro micro-propagation of chickpea( Cicer arietinum ) cultivar Vishwas (Phule G 12). Micropropagation method for chickpea was established and this method enabled much more efficient propagation of plants. The present work was aimed at evolving a protocol for rapid multiplication of chickpea using micropropagation technique. Explants from shoot tip and node segment were cultured on MS medium supplemented with different concentrations of BAP and Kinetin (1.0 to 2.5 mg/l) and their growth responses like shooting were elucidated. The maximum multiple response was observed with 2 mg/l concentration of BAP from both types of explant. The highest number of shoots (12.5 ± 0.3) was achieved on MS medium with 2 mg/l BAP using node segments. The medium supplemented with 2 mg/l of BAP was found better than all other concentrations. Individual shoots were transferred to IBA and IAA (1.0-1.5 mg/l) for root induction. MS medium supplemented with 2 mg/l of IBA proved better for rooting. Rooted plantlets were successfully hardened in greenhouse and established in the pot.

Simulated controlled-release mesotrione for turfgrass tolerance and weed control

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-25
Author(s):  
Matthew J. R. Goddard ◽  
Clebson G. Gonçalves ◽  
Shawn D. Askew
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Release ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
White Clover ◽  
Tall Fescue ◽  
Standard Treatment ◽  
Creeping Bentgrass ◽  
Control Efficacy ◽  
Stepwise Change

Abstract Mesotrione typically requires multiple applications to control emerged weeds in turfgrass. Since it is absorbed by both foliage and roots, a controlled-release (CR) formulation could eliminate the need for multiple applications. Research was conducted evaluate simulated-release scenarios that mimic a potential CR mesotrione formulation. A soluble concentrate formulation of mesotrione was titrated to produce a stepwise change in mesotrione rates, which were applied daily to mimic predetermined release scenarios over a three-wk period. CR scenarios were compared to a broadcast treatment of mesotrione at 280 g ai ha-1 applied twice at three-wk intervals, and a nontreated. Mesotrione applied in three temporal release scenarios controlled creeping bentgrass, goosegrass, nimblewill, smooth crabgrass, and white clover equivalent to the standard sprayed mesotrione treatment in every comparison. However, each CR scenario injured tall fescue 2 to 7 times more than the standard treatment. Soil- and foliar-initiated repeat treatments were equivalent in most comparisons. Data indicates that mesotrione applied in a temporal range to simulate controlled release scenarios can deliver desired weed control efficacy comparable to sequential broadcast applications. More research is needed to elucidate proper timings and release scenarios to minimize turfgrass injury.

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