scholarly journals Effects of Plant Growth Regulators and Fertilization on Dry Matter Production of Green Panic(Panicum maximum Jacq. var. trichoglume Eyles).

1994 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 582-588 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yixin SHEN ◽  
Koji ITO ◽  
Yasuyuki ISHII ◽  
Shigeyuki TANAKA ◽  
Noriyuki TANAKA
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Dry Matter Production ◽  
Panicum Maximum ◽  
Matter Production

scholarly journals Influence of glyphosate underdoses on the suppression of Panicum maximum cultivars

2018 ◽  
Vol 85 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Suzete Fernandes Lima ◽  
Leandro Spíndola Pereira ◽  
Gustavo Dorneles Sousa ◽  
Simonny Araújo Vasconcelo ◽  
Adriano Jakelaitis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Dry Matter Production ◽  
Panicum Maximum ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Forage Species

ABSTRACT: The use of herbicide underdoses allows minimizing the competition of grasses on annual crops, enabling simultaneous cultivation. In this context, the objective of this study was to investigate glyphosate underdoses on the suppression of the initial growth of three Panicum maximum cultivars aiming at the integrated cultivation, in addition to the effects of forage species on the incidence and development of weeds. Three field experiments were conducted. The experimental design was a randomized block design with four replications and eight treatments consisting of increasing glyphosate doses (0, 54, 108, 270, 378, 540, 756, and 1,080 g a.e. ha−1). An atrazine dose of 1,200 g a.i. ha−1 was added to each treatment. Plant phytotoxicity assessments were performed at 7, 14, 21, and 28 days after application. At 80 and 125 days after sowing, the assessments of total dry matter production, leaf dry matter, stem dry matter, and leaf to stem ratio were carried out, in addition to density and dry matter production of weed community. Glyphosate underdoses below 215, 65, and 90 g a.e. ha-1 have a potential to be investigated aiming at the management of P. maximum cv. Atlas, P. maximum cv. Mombasa, and P. maximum cv. Tanzania under intercropping. The three forage species are effective in suppressing weeds.

Plant Growth Regulators Suppress Established Orchard Sod and Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) Population

1989 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 317-321
Author(s):  
Stephen S. Miller ◽  
B. Joe Eldridge
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Cover Crop ◽  
Ground Cover ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Apple Orchard ◽  
Mixed Species ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Grass Growth

Several plant growth regulators applied to established sod driveways in an apple orchard suppressed growth of the ground cover sufficiently to eliminate one to three mowings. MH at 4.5 or 6.7 kg ai/ha applied spring and fall reduced the growth of a single species sod cover crop, ‘Kentucky 31’ tall fescue, the year after treatment. MH at both rates also reduced the dandelion population growing in the mixed species orchard sod. Paclobutrazol or EPTC applied in the spring before or during initial grass growth reduced dry matter production in the fescue sod cover crop and the number of mowings compared to the mowed and non-mowed control plots.

scholarly journals Corn production for silage intercropped with forage in the farming-cattle breeding integration

2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 738-745 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veridiana Z. de Mendonça ◽  
Luiz M. M. de Mello ◽  
Francisco C. B. L. Pereira ◽  
José O. da R. Silva ◽  
Élcio H. Yano
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Ground Cover ◽  
Dry Matter Production ◽  
Panicum Maximum ◽  
Corn Yield ◽  
Corn Production ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Matter Production

Corn cropping for silage, due to the plant material exportation, intercropping with forage provides greater ground cover and straw formation for the Direct Planting System (DPS) continuity. The objective of this study was to evaluate corn production for silage in DPS intercropped with four forages (Urochloa brizantha cv. Marandu, U. ruziziensis cv. Ruziziensis, Panicum maximum cv. Tanzânia and P. maximum cv. Áries). We applied three sowing methods (in row together with corn fertilizer; by no-till sowing simultaneously to corn sowing and at V4 corn stage) and corn without intercropping. The experiment was conducted in autumn/ winter of 2010, in Selvíria - MS, in a randomized block design in factorial arrangement (4 x 3 + 1) and 4 replications. For corn, we evaluated plant height, basal stem diameter, initial and final stand and silage production and for forage dry matter production. Morphological characteristics and corn yield were not affected by intercropping when compared to sole corn crop. Forage dry matter production sown in corn row with fertilizer is a highlight, which in addition to providing greater productivity, harnesses the operation during sowing.

scholarly journals DRY MATTER PRODUCTION AND NUTRIENT CONTENT OF LONGAN GROWN ON AN ACID ULTISOL

2012 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
RICARDO GOENAGA
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Field Study ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Acid Soils ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Dry Matter Production ◽  
Production Plant ◽  
Acidic Soils ◽  
Leaf Petiole ◽  
Matter Production

SUMMARYLittle is known about the adaptability of longan (Dimocarpus longan) to acidic soils high in aluminum (Al). A two-year field study was conducted to determine the effects of various levels of soil Al on dry matter production, plant growth and nutrient content in shoots of four cultivars of longan. Soil Al and cultivars were statistically different for all variables measured in the study. Total leaf, petiole, stem and root dry weights significantly decreased at soil Al concentrations ranging from 5.1 to 12.1 cmol kg−1 but this reduction was of a smaller magnitude in roots than in other organs. Increments in soil Al resulted in a significant reduction in the concentration of leaf Ca and a significant increase in leaf Al in all cultivars. Shoot content of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn and Al declined with increase in soil Al. The result of this study demonstrates that longan is highly susceptible to acid soils.

scholarly journals ПОРІВНЯЛЬНИЙ ВПЛИВ РЕГУЛЯТОРІВ РОСТУ АЗОТОФІТ, ЯНТАРНА КИСЛОТА ТА ВИМПЕЛ НА ДИНАМІКУ ПРОЦЕСІВ РОСТУ ТА ПРОДУКТИВНІСТЬ ОЗИМОЇ ПШЕНИЦІ СОРТУ ЮВІВАТА

2019 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-97
Author(s):  
S. А. Pryplavko ◽  
V. M. Gaviy
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Plant Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Plant Sample ◽  
Average Height

Scientific research suggests that winter wheat cultivation technologies can be regulated by plant growth regulators. These substances have a complex effect on growth and development and facilitate plant growth and crop capacity. Three-year field studies were carried out using plant growth regulators of Azotophyte, Amber acid and Vympel to determine the dynamics of plant growth rates and their productivity. This made it possible to observe the influence of growth regulators before sewing and to establish their effectiveness at all stages of plant development. Seeds of winter wheat of the variety Jubiwata were treated with solutions of the substances under analysis. The experimental area was 40 m². The study demonstrated that the growth regulators do not influence the field germination rate of plants, but the percentage of germination was quite high in both control and experimental variants. As for the rates of plant height and root length, the first measurement of the average height of winter wheat plants in autumn demonstrated that Vympel was the most efficient. Its indicators exceeded the control variant by 3.4%. After the second measurement, the plant height increased in all variants. The fourth spring measurement showed that the most powerful was the effect by Amber acid. This compound significantly inhibited plant growth compared to other growth regulators and controls. The investigated plant growth regulators have a positive influence on the processes of root development of winter wheat plants in both autumn and spring time. This feature will provide a better nutrition of the plants. The weight of the dry matter after the first weighing was greater in the control and the variant treated with Nitrogen. The fourth weighing showed that the best effect on the dry matter mass was found by Azotophyte, which contributed to the increase of this indicator twice as much compared to the control. Amber acid, when used for pre-sowing seed treatment, exceeded the control value by 1.8 times. Stronger effect on the percentage of dry matter in the plant sample was found only by Vympel, under the influence of which this indicator was greater by 9 units compared to the control. The use of synthetic growth regulators significantly increases the productivity of winter wheat, namely the length of the complex ear, the number of grains and the weight of the compound ear. Thus, research has shown that plant growth regulators Azotophit, Amber acid and Vympel facilitate the growth and productivity of winter wheat plants of the Juvivat variety. Winter wheat crops can be treated with these substances before sowing. Determining the highest efficiency of each individual regulator, as well as the possibility of combining them to improve plant growth processes, requires further research.

scholarly journals Yield of maize grain and tropical grass species under intercropping management system using nicosulfuron herbicide in off-season cultivation

2019 ◽  
pp. 1756-1763
Author(s):  
Armindo Neivo Kichel ◽  
Luiz Carlos Ferreira de Souza ◽  
Ademar Pereira Serra ◽  
Roberto Giolo de Almeida
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Matter Production ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Panicum Maximum ◽  
Forage Grasses ◽  
Maize Grain Yield ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Maize Grain

This research aimed to evaluate the maize grain yield and forage of grass species under intercropping system using nicosulfuron herbicide. In order to assess the parameters related to maize, a randomized block design was defined. The treatments were arranged in a (5 × 2+ 1) × 2 factorial design with four repetitions resulting in 11 treatments, where maize was cultivated under intercropping condition with different forage species (5) (Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu, Piatã, Xaraés, Brachiaria ruziziensis and Panicum maximum cv. Mombaça) and maize monoculture (1) as control treatment, with and without nicosulfuron herbicide application (2) in two growing seasons (2014 and 2015). The off-season intercropping of maize with tropical forage grasses with and without herbicide suppression decreased maize grain yield. The suppression with nicosulfuron herbicide decreased the dry matter production of forage grasses. Intercropping of P. maximum cv. Mombaça with maize showed higher decrease in maize grain yield. On the other hand, it showed higher forage grasses production for livestock feeding. B. brizantha cv. Piatã was the forage which less affected maize grain yield under intercropping, even with absence of nicosulfuron suppression. Off-season maize under intercropping with tropical forages can be used to recover degraded pastures; increasing forage dry matter production for livestock, remaining the soil covered with straws with possibility of no-till seeding for the next cultivation.

CARBOFURAN EFFECTS ON ESTABLISHMENT OF LEGUMES IN RELATION TO PLANT GROWTH, NITROGEN FIXATION, AND SOIL NEMATODES

1985 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 423-433 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. BELANGER ◽  
J. E. WINCH ◽  
J. L. TOWNSHEND
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Dry Matter Production ◽  
Birdsfoot Trefoil ◽  
Soil Nematode ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Plant Stand

Field experiments were conducted to determine the effects of carbofuran on the establishment and subsequent yields of sod-seeded legumes. The effects of carbofuran on plant growth, nodulation and nitrogen fixation of birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.) in non-sterilized and sterilized soil were evaluated in growth cabinet experiments. In the field experiments carbofuran, applied immediately after seeding, had a positive effect on plant stand and seedling dry matter production of birdsfoot trefoil and alfalfa (Medicago sativa L. ssp. falcata L.) in the weeks following seeding. In the first production years of these field trials, there was a trend for the total and legume yields to be higher in the carbofuran plots than where carbofuran was not used. In either growth cabinet experiment, however, shoot growth was not affected by carbofuran but a reduction in the number of plants in the non-sterilized and carbofuran pots occurred. A toxic effect of carbofuran on seedlings may have been involved. No correlation between soil nematode numbers and plant stand or dry matter production was found in either field or growth cabinet experiments. In the growth cabinet experiments, carbofuran did not affect the number of nodules but improved nitrogen fixation in sterilized pots of exp. B. Carbofuran increased the dry weight of individual nodules in the sterilized pots of exp. A but a decrease was observed in exp. B. These effects of carbofuran on the dry weight of individual nodules and specific nodule activity were also observed in the nematode-free environment created by sterilization. In view of these responses in sterile soil, it was suggested that the effect of carbofuran was not as a nematicide but rather a positive physiological effect on the plant component of the plant-rhizobium system.Key words: Carbofuran, establishment, legumes, nitrogen fixation, nematodes

scholarly journals Effect of Plant Growth Regulators on Leaf Number, Leaf Area and Leaf Dry Matter in Grape

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahoor Ahmad BHAT ◽  
Rizwan RASHID ◽  
Javid Ahmad BHAT
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Plant Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Fruit Set ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Leaf Number ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Seedless Grape

Influence of phenylureas (CPPU) and brassinosteriod (BR) along with GA (gibberellic acid) were studied on seedless grape vegetative characteristics like leaf number, leaf area and leaf dry matter. Growth regulators were sprayed on the vines either once (7 days after fruit set or 15 days after fruit set) or twice (7+15 days after fruit set). CPPU 2 ppm+BR 0.4 ppm+GA 25 ppm produced maximum number of leaves (18.78) while as untreated vines produced least leaf number (16.22) per shoot. Maximum leaf area (129.70 cm2) and dry matter content (26.51%) was obtained with higher CPPU (3 ppm) and BR (0.4 ppm) combination along with GA 25 ppm. Plant growth regulators whether naturally derived or synthetic are used to improve the productivity and quality of grapes. The relatively high value of grapes justifies more expensive inputs. A relatively small improvement in yield or fruit quality can justify the field application of a very costly product. Application of new generation growth regulators like brassinosteroids and phenylureas like CPPU have been reported to increase the leaf number as well as leaf area and dry matter thereby indirectly influencing the fruit yield and quality in grapes.

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