EFFECTS OF OVARIAN STEROID HORMONES ON HISTOCHEMICALLY DEMONSTRABLE LIPIDS IN THE RAT UTERINE EPITHELIUM

1973 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. P. BOSHIER ◽  
HILARY HOLLOWAY
Keyword(s):  
Steroid Hormones ◽  
Medroxyprogesterone Acetate ◽  
Neutral Lipids ◽  
Uterine Epithelium ◽  
Oestrous Cycle ◽  
Ovarian Steroid ◽  
Plasma Progesterone ◽  
Unsaturated Lipids ◽  
High Concentrations

SUMMARY Histochemical studies showed that during the rat oestrous cycle, uterine epithelial lipids were at their highest levels during dioestrus and pro-oestrus. In ovariectomized mature animals given oestradiol-17β, either by itself or in combination with medroxyprogesterone acetate, neutral lipids and unsaturated lipids were below control levels, while phospholipids were increased. Medroxyprogesterone acetate, however, increased levels of neutral lipids and unsaturated lipids, and decreased phospholipids. It is suggested that during the oestrous cycle of the rat, high concentrations of uterine epithelial lipid during late dioestrus and pro-oestrus reflect the increased plasma progesterone of early dioestrus acting in a low plasma oestrogen environment.

scholarly journals Expression of cellCAM-105 in the apical surface of rat uterine epithelium is controlled by ovarian steroid hormones

Reproduction ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 88 (1) ◽  
pp. 213-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. C. Svalander ◽  
P. Odin ◽  
B. O. Nilsson ◽  
B. Obrink
Keyword(s):  
Steroid Hormones ◽  
Uterine Epithelium ◽  
Apical Surface ◽  
Ovarian Steroid

scholarly journals Effects of dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids on ovarian and uterine function in lactating dairy cows

Reproduction ◽  
2002 ◽  
pp. 119-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
RS Robinson ◽  
PG Pushpakumara ◽  
Z Cheng ◽  
AR Peters ◽  
DR Abayasekara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Oestrous Cycle ◽  
Plasma Progesterone ◽  
Lactating Cows ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows ◽  
Dietary Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Igf I ◽  
Pufa Composition ◽  
Uterine Function ◽  
High Concentrations

Alteration of the polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) composition of milk by dietary supplementation of cows may be beneficial to human health. However, dietary PUFAs may influence synthesis of both prostaglandins and steroid hormones. This study examined the effects of dietary PUFAs on reproductive parameters in lactating cows. Cows were fed an isoenergetic control ration (n = 8) or a diet supplemented with LinPreme (n = 7) or SoyPreme (n = 8). These proprietary feeds are derived from linseed or soybeans and contain high concentrations of linolenic acid (LNA, n-3) or linoleic acid (LA, n-6) protected PUFA, respectively. Both PUFA-supplemented diets reduced plasma progesterone, particularly in the early luteal phase, and increased the number of medium-sized (5-10 mm in diameter) follicles. The diameter of the first dominant follicle, insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) concentrations at oestrus and cholesterol concentrations were all higher in cows fed a diet supplemented with LA (n-6) than in cows that did not receive this supplement. In cows fed a diet supplemented with LNA (n-3), there was an increase in oestradiol during the follicular phase. Diet had no effect on non-esterified fatty acid or insulin concentrations, or on the duration of the oestrous cycle. The plasma concentration of 13,14,dihydro-15 keto PGF(2alpha) after administration of 50 iu oxytocin was unaffected by diet on day 15 and day 16 of the oestrous cycle, but showed a greater response on day 17 in the LA (n-6) supplemented group. Therefore, the PUFA content of the diet can influence both ovarian and uterine function in cows. However, further studies using larger numbers of cows are required to test whether fertility is also affected by such diets.

Effects of ovarian steroid hormones and thyroxine on calcitonin secretion in pregnant rats

1998 ◽  
Vol 274 (2) ◽  
pp. E246-E252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chien-Chen Lu ◽  
Shiow-Chwen Tsai ◽  
Shyi-Wu Wang ◽  
Ching-Lin Tsai ◽  
Chin-Pang Lau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Steroid Hormones ◽  
Recovery Time ◽  
Late Pregnancy ◽  
Plasma Calcium ◽  
Ovarian Steroid ◽  
Pregnant Rats ◽  
Plasma Progesterone ◽  
Ovx Rats ◽  
Basal Plasma ◽  
Calcitonin Secretion

In the present study, the roles of ovarian steroid hormones and thyroxine (T4) in regulating the secretion of calcitonin (CT) in pregnant rats were examined. The levels of plasma progesterone, pre- and post-CaCl2plasma CT, and recovery time of plasma CT and calcium after calcium challenge were greatest in midterm pregnant rats. The levels of basal plasma progesterone, CT, calcium, and recovery time of plasma CT after calcium challenge were less in late pregnant rats, but basal plasma estradiol was highest in late pregnancy. The concentrations of plasma T4 were gradually decreased in rats during pregnancy. Regardless of the presence of estradiol, administration of progesterone in ovariectomized (Ovx) rats resulted in an increase of plasma T4 as well as the basal and calcium-induced secretion of CT. Administration of estradiol alone did not alter the CaCl2-induced levels but decreased the post-CaCl2 levels of plasma calcium in Ovx rats. The basal levels of plasma CT were decreased in Ovx rats treated with T4. These results suggest that the hypercalcitoninemia in midterm pregnant rats is due to an increased secretion of progesterone. Hypocalcitoninemia in late pregnant rats, however, is due in part to lower plasma calcium.

74 ANALYSIS OF STEROID HORMONES IN BOVINE OVIDUCTAL FLUID BY GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY COUPLED WITH TANDEM MASS SPECTROMETRY

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 166
Author(s):  
J. Lamy ◽  
P. Liere ◽  
P. Mermillod ◽  
M. Saint-Dizier
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Tandem Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Steroid Hormones ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Oestrous Cycle ◽  
P Value ◽  
Tandem Mass ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Pattern Of Variation

Steroid hormones play key roles in the regulation of physiological changes in the mammalian genital tract, including the oviduct. The aim of this study was to determine the variations in steroid hormone concentrations in bovine oviducal fluid (OF) during the oestrous cycle. Bovine oviducts were collected at a local slaughterhouse and classified into 4 stages according to the ovarian and corpus luteum (CL) morphologies (n = 18–25 cows/stage): post-ovulatory (postov), mid luteal (mid-lut), late luteal (late-lut), and preovulatory (preov). Follicular fluid was also collected from the preov follicles. Animals with follicular oestradiol-17β (E2) <40 ng mL–1 or progesterone (P4) >160 ng mL–1 (cystic follicles) or E2 : P4 ratio <1 (atretic follicles) were excluded. Oviducal fluids were collected from contra- and ipsilateral (to the CL) ampullas by squeezing. They were then centrifuged and stored at –80°C. Steroids were extracted from pools of 150 to 200 µL of OF (4–10 cows/pool; 3–4 pools per “stage × side” group), purified, fractioned by high-performance liquid chromatography, derivatized, and analysed by gas chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS). Comparisons between groups were made with a two-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni post-tests. Data are expressed as means ± SEM. A P-value < 0.05 was considered as significant. In ipsilateral OF, the concentrations of P4 increased from postov (56.9 ± 13.4 ng mL–1) to mid-lut (120.3 ± 34.3 ng mL–1; P < 0.01) then decreased from late-lut (76.7 ± 1.8 ng mL–1) to preov (6.3 ± 1.7 ng mL–1; P < 0.001) stages, and were 4 to 16 times more concentrated than in contralateral OF. Several P4 reduced metabolites (5α-dihydroP4, 20α-dihydroP4, 17α-hydroxyP4, 3α5α20α-hexahydroP4, 3β5α20α-hexahydroP4) followed the same pattern of variation. Concentrations of the P4 precursor pregnenolone were highest at postov (4.2 ± 0.3 ng mL–1 in ipsilateral OF) then decreased from mid-lut to preov (3.4 ± 0.6 to 1.3 ± 0.1 ng mL–1; P < 0.001) and were higher than in contralateral OF at postov (P < 0.001) and mid-lut (P < 0.01) stages. Concentrations of E2 were higher in preov (290.5 ± 63.2 pg mL–1 in ipsilateral OF) compared to all other stages (P < 0.05) with no difference between ipsi- and contralateral sides at any stage. Concentrations of the oestrogen precursors androstenedione and testosterone displayed the same pattern of variation as E2. In contrast, concentrations of dehydroepiandrosterone and estrone did not vary between stages or sides relative to the CL. In addition, high concentrations of cortisol and cortisone were found in ipsi- and contralateral OF at all stages of the oestrous cycle (on average 48.6 and 31.9 ng mL–1, respectively). In conclusion, numerous steroids, steroid precursors, and metabolites were found in the bovine OF. The local transfer of ovarian steroids creates a highly concentrated and fluctuating hormonal environment in the ipsilateral OF during the oestrous cycle. These results could be useful to improve media for IVF, development, and oviducal cell culture.

LEVELS OF OESTROGEN AND PROGESTERONE IN THE PLASMA OF THE RACCOON DOG (NYCTEREUTES PROCYONOIDES) DURING OESTRUS AND PREGNANCY

1978 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 549-550 ◽  
Author(s):  
MAIJA H. VALTONEN ◽  
E. J. RAJAKOSKI ◽  
P. LÄHTEENMÄKI
Keyword(s):  
Veterinary Medicine ◽  
Steroid Hormones ◽  
Research Laboratory ◽  
Reproductive Physiology ◽  
Oestrous Cycle ◽  
Nyctereutes Procyonoides ◽  
Raccoon Dog ◽  
Ovarian Steroid ◽  
Medical Chemistry ◽  
Raccoon Dogs

Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, 00170 Helsinki 71, and *Steroid Research Laboratory, Department of Medical Chemistry, University of Helsinki, 00170 Helsinki 17, Finland (Received 16 September 1977) Changes in the concentrations of ovarian steroid hormones during oestrus and pregnancy in the dog have recently received much attention by several investigators (Jones, Boyns, Cameron, Bell, Christie & Parkes, 1973; Edqvist, Johansson, Kasström, Olsson & Richkind, 1975; Hadley, 1975a, b). The fox seems to be the only other canine species for which any information on the endocrine changes associated with the oestrous cycle is available (Møller, 1973; Austad, Lunde & Sjaastad, 1976). As part of a study of the reproductive physiology of the raccoon dog Nyctereutes procyonoides (Valtonen, Rajakoski & Mäkelä, 1977), it was decided to investigate the levels of oestradiol-17β and progesterone in the plasma during oestrus and pregnancy. The six female raccoon dogs used in this study were

Studies of the oestrous cycle, oestrus and pregnancy in the koala (Phascolarctos cinereus)

Reproduction ◽  
2000 ◽  
pp. 49-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
SD Johnston ◽  
MR McGowan ◽  
P O'Callaghan ◽  
R Cox ◽  
V Nicolson
Keyword(s):  
Luteal Phase ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
External Genitalia ◽  
Oestrous Cycle ◽  
Phascolarctos Cinereus ◽  
Pregnant Females ◽  
Peripheral Plasma ◽  
The Mean ◽  
High Concentrations

As an integral part of the development of an artificial insemination programme in the captive koala, female reproductive physiology and behaviour were studied. The oestrous cycle in non-mated and mated koalas was characterized by means of behavioural oestrus, morphology of external genitalia and changes in the peripheral plasma concentrations of oestradiol and progestogen. The mean (+/- SEM) duration of the non-mated oestrous cycle and duration of oestrus in 12 koalas was 32.9 +/- 1.1 (n = 22) and 10.3 +/- 0.9 (n = 24) days, respectively. Although the commencement of oestrous behaviour was associated with increasing or high concentrations of oestradiol, there were no consistent changes in the morphology or appearance of the clitoris, pericloacal region, pouch or mammary teats that could be used to characterize the non-mated cycle. As progestogen concentrations remained at basal values throughout the interoestrous period, non-mated cycles were considered non-luteal and presumed anovulatory. After mating of the 12 koalas, six females gave birth with a mean (+/- SEM) gestation of 34.8 +/- 0.3 days, whereas the remaining six non-parturient females returned to oestrus 49.5 +/- 1. 0 days later. After mating, oestrous behaviour ceased and the progestogen profile showed a significant increase in both pregnant and non-parturient females, indicating that a luteal phase had been induced by the physical act of mating. Progestogen concentrations throughout the luteal phase of the pregnant females were significantly higher than those of non-parturient females. Parturition was associated with a decreasing concentration of progestogen, which was increased above that of basal concentrations until 7 days post partum.

scholarly journals Expression Profiles of the Progesterone Receptor, Cyclooxygenase-2, Growth Differentiation Factor 9, and Bone Morphogenetic Protein 15 Transcripts in the Canine Oviducts during the Oestrous Cycle

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 454
Author(s):  
Jaime Palomino ◽  
Javiera Flores ◽  
Georges Ramirez ◽  
Victor H. Parraguez ◽  
Monica De los Reyes
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Bone Morphogenetic Protein ◽  
Cyclooxygenase 2 ◽  
Oestrous Cycle ◽  
Progesterone Concentration ◽  
Plasma Progesterone ◽  
Morphogenetic Protein ◽  
Growth Differentiation Factor 9 ◽  
Bone Morphogenetic Protein 15 ◽  
Cox 2

The gene expression in the canine oviduct, where oocyte maturation, fertilization, and early embryonic development occur, is still elusive. This study determined the oviductal expression of (PR), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), growth differentiation factor 9 (GDF-9), and bone morphogenetic protein 15 (BMP-15) during the canine oestrous cycle. Samples were collected from bitches at anoestrus (9), proestrus (7), oestrus (8), and dioestrus (11), after routine ovariohysterectomy and the ovarian surface structures and plasma progesterone concentration evaluated the physiological status of each donor. The oviductal cells were isolated and pooled. Total RNA was isolated, and gene expression was assessed by qPCR followed by analysis using the t-test and ANOVA. The PR mRNA increased (P < 0.05) from the anoestrus to dioestrus with the plasma progesterone concentration (r = 0.8). COX-2 mRNA expression was low in the anoestrus and proestrus, and negligible in the oestrus, while it was around 10-fold higher (P < 0.05) in the dioestrus. The GDF-9 mRNA was expressed during all phases of the oestrous cycle and was most abundant (P < 0.05) during oestrus phase. The BMP-15 mRNA decreased (P < 0.05) in the anoestrus and proestrus phases. Thus, the transcripts were differentially expressed in a stage-dependent manner, suggesting the importance of oestrous cycle regulation for successful reproduction in dogs.

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