ENDOCRINE PANCREAS IN THE OFFSPRING OF RATS WITH EXPERIMENTALLY INDUCED DIABETES

1981 ◽  
Vol 88 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. AERTS ◽  
F. A. VAN ASSCHE
Keyword(s):  
B Cells ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Endocrine Pancreas ◽  
Cell Mass ◽  
Secretory Activity ◽  
Lactation Period ◽  
Newborn Rats ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Diabetic Mothers ◽  
Experimentally Induced

At birth newborn rats from mothers with experimentally induced diabetes show hypertrophy and degranulation of the pancreatic islets. With birth the maternal hyperglycaemic stimulus is removed and during the lactation period the overstimulated B cells can restore their normal secretory activity. The increase of B-cell mass, however, remains retarded for several weeks. By adulthood the endocrine pancreas of offspring from mildly diabetic mothers seems to have recovered from the influence of the abnormal intra-uterine milieu, at least as judged by morphometric examination. In offspring from severely diabetic mothers an increased secretory activity of the individual B cells might be responsible for their sustained hypoglycaemia.

Dynamics of pancreatic cell growth and differentiation during diabetes reversion in STZ-treated newborn rats

1995 ◽  
Vol 269 (5) ◽  
pp. C1250-C1264 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Ferrand ◽  
A. Astesano ◽  
H. H. Phan ◽  
C. Lelong ◽  
G. Rosselin
Keyword(s):  
B Cells ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Islet Cells ◽  
Cell Mass ◽  
Neonatal Diabetes ◽  
Newborn Rats ◽  
Pancreatic Cell ◽  
Islet Mass ◽  
Severe Stage ◽  
Glucagon Immunoreactivity

Cellular processes underlying ontogenesis and regression of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes in newborn rats were investigated at the most severe stage of diabetes at day 3 and after recovery of normoglycemia at day 8 by immunocytochemistry and quantitative analysis. A previously unknown endocrine cell type subpopulation (PEPS) was identified. It was characterized by granule polymorphism, coexpression of insulin and glucagon immunoreactivity, and a proliferative capacity transiently higher than in B cells. In STZ-treated rats at day 3, B cell mass decreased 14-fold, whereas PEPS cells were unaffected. The islet mass was restored to 55.7% by day 8, with a concomitant appearance of numerous small islets contiguous to small ducts. B cell mass increased by 6.9-fold compared with 1.8-fold in control rats, although proliferative capacities remained similar. Proliferation dropped considerably by day 8, preventing complete B cell mass recovery in STZ-treated rats. STZ-induced neonatal diabetes thus stimulates neogenesis of islets close to ducts and proliferation of PEPS cells. Those partially differentiated islet cells appear to be on the differentiation pathway of stem cells to fully differentiated B cells.

RAT FOETAL ENDOCRINE PANCREAS IN EXPERIMENTAL DIABETES

1977 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 339-NP ◽  
Author(s):  
L. AERTS ◽  
F. A. VAN ASSCHE
Keyword(s):  
Endocrine Pancreas ◽  
Experimental Diabetes ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Diabetic Pregnancy ◽  
Ultrastructural Changes ◽  
Newborn Rats ◽  
Β Cells ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
Cell Hyperplasia ◽  
Diabetic Mothers

SUMMARY The endocrine pancreas of foetuses and newborn rats of experimental diabetic mothers showed morphological and ultrastructural changes. Islet hypertrophy and β cell hyperplasia were constantly present, but the β cells of foetuses of severely diabetic mothers were degranulated. The ultrastructural changes indicated hyperfunction in the β cells of foetuses of experimental diabetic mothers. The morphological changes mentioned were similar to those seen in human diabetic pregnancy.

EFFECTS OF TREATMENT WITH PROGESTERONE AND OESTRADIOL-17β ON THE ENDOCRINE PANCREAS IN OVARIECTOMIZED RATS: ULTRASTRUCTURAL VARIATIONS IN THE B CELLS

1980 ◽  
Vol 84 (2) ◽  
pp. 317-NP ◽  
Author(s):  
L. AERTS ◽  
F. A. VAN ASSCHE ◽  
A. FAURE ◽  
M. TH. SUTTER-DUB
Keyword(s):  
B Cells ◽  
Olive Oil ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Endocrine Pancreas ◽  
Secretory Activity ◽  
Ovariectomized Rats ◽  
Numerical Density ◽  
Oestradiol Treatment ◽  
Ultrastructural Appearance ◽  
Pancreatic B Cells

The effects of progesterone and/or oestradiol treatment on the ultrastructural appearance of the pancreatic B cells has been studied in ovariectomized Wistar rats. A morphometric examination of the numerical density of dark and light granules in the B cells was therefore performed in each group of experimental rats as well as in control (olive oil-injected) rats. In the oestradiol-treated rats, and especially in the rats with combined oestradiol/progesterone treatment, the proportions of light and dark granules in the pancreatic B cells changed, compared with control values, in favour of the light granules. This increase in light granule content was comparable to changes in B cells during pregnancy and it is suggested that the secretory activity of the B cells increases during pregnancy in a manner similar to that seen during oestradiol treatment.

scholarly journals Amylin in the Periphery

2003 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 163-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter J. Wookey ◽  
Loredanna Xuereb ◽  
Christos Tikellis ◽  
Mark E. Cooper
Keyword(s):  
B Cells ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Bone Cells ◽  
Cell Mass ◽  
Islet Amyloid ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Proximal Tubular ◽  
Renal Proximal Tubular Cells ◽  
Renal Proximal Tubular

Amylin (islet amyloid polypeptide) is a peptide synthesized principally in the b-cells of the pancreatic islets together with insulin and has actions as a hormone, growth factor, and modifier of behavior. As a hormone, amylin acts to modify gastric motility, renal resorption, and has metabolic actions. It is postulated that the principal function of amylin as a hormone is the activation of physiological processes associated with feeding. As a growth factor, amylin acts on bone cells, renal proximal tubular cells, and islet b-cells. Amylin has important targets in the brain that mediate its actions in the modification of behavior, including thirst and satiety. In man, amylin can form islet amyloid deposits, an event linked to the reduction of b-cell mass and loss of signal-secretion coupling. Recent evidence has defined a new role for monomeric amylin as a growth factor and regulator of b-cell mass that is postulated to be a key factor in pathophysiological processes that result in overt diabetes.

scholarly journals Germinal center B cell maintenance and differentiation are controlled by distinct NF-κB transcription factor subunits

2014 ◽  
Vol 211 (10) ◽  
pp. 2103-2118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole Heise ◽  
Nilushi S. De Silva ◽  
Kathryn Silva ◽  
Amanda Carette ◽  
Giorgia Simonetti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factor ◽  
B Cells ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Molecular Control ◽  
High Affinity ◽  
Germinal Center B Cell ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Cell Maintenance

Germinal centers (GCs) are the sites where memory B cells and plasma cells producing high-affinity antibodies are generated during T cell–dependent immune responses. The molecular control of GC B cell maintenance and differentiation remains incompletely understood. Activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway has been implicated; however, the distinct roles of the individual NF-κB transcription factor subunits are unknown. We report that GC B cell–specific deletion of the NF-κB subunits c-REL or RELA, which are both activated by the canonical NF-κB pathway, abolished the generation of high-affinity B cells via different mechanisms acting at distinct stages during the GC reaction. c-REL deficiency led to the collapse of established GCs immediately after the formation of dark and light zones at day 7 of the GC reaction and was associated with the failure to activate a metabolic program that promotes cell growth. Conversely, RELA was dispensable for GC maintenance but essential for the development of GC-derived plasma cells due to impaired up-regulation of BLIMP1. These results indicate that activation of the canonical NF-κB pathway in GC B cells controls GC maintenance and differentiation through distinct transcription factor subunits. Our findings have implications for the role of NF-κB in GC lymphomagenesis.

Plasmalemma localisation of inorganic phosphate in B cells pancreas

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 528-529
Author(s):  
F. B. P. Wooding ◽  
K. Pedley ◽  
N. Freinkel ◽  
R. M. C. Dawson
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
B Cells ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Pancreatic Islets ◽  
High Glucose ◽  
Lead Acetate ◽  
Inorganic Phosphate ◽  
Slight Modification ◽  
Uranyl Acetate ◽  
Lead Phosphate

Freinkel et al (1974) demonstrated that isolated perifused rat pancreatic islets reproduceably release up to 50% of their total inorganic phosphate when the concentration of glucose in the perifusion medium is raised.Using a slight modification of the Libanati and Tandler (1969) method for localising inorganic phosphate by fixation-precipitation with glutaraldehyde-lead acetate we can demonstrate there is a significant deposition of lead phosphate (identified by energy dispersive electron microscope microanalysis) at or on the plasmalemma of the B cell of the islets (Fig 1, 3). Islets after incubation in high glucose show very little precipitate at this or any other site (Fig 2). At higher magnification the precipitate seems to be intracellular (Fig 4) but since any use of osmium or uranyl acetate to increase membrane contrast removes the precipitate of lead phosphate it has not been possible to verify this as yet.

Lymphoproliferative disorders (LPD) involving lungs: T and B cell subsets within pulmonary infiltrates and in peripheral blood

1984 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 700-701
Author(s):  
Irene Stachura ◽  
Milton H. Dalbow ◽  
Michael J. Niemiec ◽  
Matias Pardo ◽  
Gurmukh Singh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
B Cells ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Lymphoproliferative Disorders ◽  
Mixed Population ◽  
Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Lymphomatoid Granulomatosis ◽  
Cell Type ◽  
Cell Surface Antigens ◽  
Pulmonary Infiltrates ◽  
B Cell Subsets

Lymphoid cells were analyzed within pulmonary infiltrates of six patients with lymphoproliferative disorders involving lungs by immunofluorescence and immunoperoxidase techniques utilizing monoclonal antibodies to cell surface antigens T11 (total T), T4 (inducer/helper T), T8 (cytotoxic/suppressor T) and B1 (B cells) and the antisera against heavy (G,A,M) and light (kappa, lambda) immunoglobulin chains. Three patients had pseudolymphoma, two patients had lymphoma and one patient had lymphomatoid granulomatosis.A mixed population of cells was present in tissue infiltrates from the three patients with pseudolymphoma, IgM-kappa producing cells constituted the main B cell type in one patient. In two patients with lymphoma pattern the infiltrates were composed exclusively of T4+ cells and IgG-lambda B cells predominated slightly in the patient with lymphomatoid granulomatosis.

B-cell and T-cell values in peripheral blood in Polish mixed-breed rabbits with addition of blood of meet breeds

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 421-426 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Tokarz-Deptuła ◽  
P. Niedźwiedzka-Rystwej ◽  
B. Hukowska-Szematowicz ◽  
M. Adamiak ◽  
A. Trzeciak-Ryczek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
B Cells ◽  
B Cell ◽  
Cd8 T Cells ◽  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Immunological Parameters ◽  
Four Seasons ◽  
Mixed Breed ◽  
The Impact

Abstract In Poland, rabbit is a highly valued animal, due to dietetic and flavour values of its meat, but above all, rabbits tend to be commonly used laboratory animals. The aim of the study was developing standards for counts of B-cells with CD19+ receptor, T-cells with CD5+ receptor, and their subpopulations, namely T-cells with CD4+, CD8+ and CD25+ receptor in the peripheral blood of mixed-breed Polish rabbits with addition of blood of meet breeds, including the assessment of the impact of four seasons of the year and animal sex on the values of the immunological parameters determined. The results showed that the counts of B- and T-cells and their subpopulations in peripheral blood remain within the following ranges: for CD19+ B-cells: 1.05 - 3.05%, for CD5+ T-cells: 34.00 - 43.07%, CD4+ T-cells: 23.52 - 33.23%, CD8+ T-cells: 12.55 - 17.30%, whereas for CD25+ T-cells: 0.72 - 2.81%. As it comes to the season of the year, it was observed that it principally affects the values of CD25+ T-cells, while in the case of rabbit sex, more changes were found in females.

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