scholarly journals Sexual experience of the chronic peritoneal dialysis patient.

1996 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 1165-1168
Author(s):  
T E Steele ◽  
D Wuerth ◽  
S Finkelstein ◽  
D Juergensen ◽  
P Juergensen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Serum Albumin Level ◽  
Physical Symptoms ◽  
Albumin Level ◽  
Chronic Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Dialysis Duration ◽  
Group I ◽  
The Mean

The actual and desired frequency of intercourse was studied in 68 randomly selected chronic peritoneal dialysis (CPD) patients. The results were correlated with standard measures of depression (Beck Depression inventory), anxiety (Patient Related Anxiety Scale), physical symptoms (Kupfer-Detre System 2), adequacy of dialysis (KT/Vurea) and nutrition (serum albumin level). In addition, patients assessed their quality of life (PAQOL) using an 1 to 10 analog scale. The mean +/- SD age of all patients studied was 54 +/- 11 yr, the mean dialysis duration was 24 +/- 24 months; 46% of the patients were female, and 34% were diabetic. Sixty-three percent of the patients reported never having intercourse (Group 1), 19% reported having intercourse < or = two times per month (Group II), and 18% reported having intercourse > two times per month (Group III). Dialysis duration, serum albumin level, KT/Vurea, and age were not significantly different among the three groups. Nearly 50% of patients in Group I desired to have intercourse, and 54% of the patients in Group II desired to have intercourse more frequently, Group I patients had significantly higher depression and anxiety scores, more physical symptoms, a poorer overall PAQOL, and less satisfaction with their sexual activity than Group III patients. These results suggest that there is a high prevalence of sexual difficulties in CPD patients. Patients not having intercourse have a poorer quality of life and higher degree of depression and anxiety than patients having intercourse more than two times per month.

Analgesic and adjunct actions of nalbuphine hydrochloride in xylazine or xylazine and acepromazine premedicated horses

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harish Kulkarni ◽  
B. Justin William ◽  
Ravi Sundar George ◽  
T. A. Kannan
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Dose Rate ◽  
Muscle Relaxation ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Quality Of Recovery ◽  
Group I ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Mean Time

The study was conducted in eighteen clinical cases of horses for diagnostic and surgical procedures requiring general anaesthesia were randomly divided into three groups, group I, group II and group III, each consisting of six cases. All the horses were premedicated with glycopyrrolate at the dose rate of 0.02 mg/kg body weight, intravenously. Horses in Group I and Group II were administered xylazine hydrochloride at the dose rate of 1.10 mg/kg body weight intravenously, whereas in Group III at the dose rate of 0.50 mg/kg body weight intravenously. In Group III, acepromazine was injected after xylazine administration, at the dose rate of 0.02mg/kg body weight, intravenously. Before induction of anaesthesia, nalbuphine hydrochloride was administered for Group II and Group III at the dose rate of 0.75 mg/kg body weight intravenously. Ketamine hydrochloride was administered intravenously to induce anaesthesia at the dose rate of 2.20 mg/kg body weight and maintained with 0.50 mg/kg body weight in required cases to maintain for duration of 15 ± 1.04 minutes. The mean time for induction in group I, group II and group III were 1.78 ± 0.27, 1.73 ± 0.10 and 1.85 ± 0.28 minutes respectively. The mean total number of additional doses of ketamine for standard duration of 15 ± 1.04 minutes surgery required in group I, group II and group III were 5.00 ± 0.36, 1.66 ± 0.33 and 2.00 ± 0.36 respectively. The quality of induction was 100 per cent smooth in group III, 83.33 per cent smooth and 16.67 per cent rough in group II and 66.66 per cent smooth and 33.34 per cent rough in group I. The quality of analgesia in group I, group II and group III were 2.83 ± 0.47, 1.83 ± 0.30 and 1.33 ± 0.21 respectively. The quality of muscle relaxation in group I, group II and group III were 3.16 ± 0.30, 1.50 ± 0.22 and 1.33 ± 0.21 respectively. The mean time for recovery in group I, group II and group III were 23.00 ± 1.52, 33.00 ± 0.93 and 41.98 ± 1.32 minutes respectively. The mean number of attempts for unassisted standing in group I, group II and group III were 6.66 ± 0.71, 5.00 ± 0.57 and 5.00 ± 0.36 respectively. The quality of recovery was 83.33 per cent smooth and 16.67 per cent rough in group III, 66.66 per cent smooth and 33.34 per cent rough in group II and 50.00 per cent smooth and 50.00 per cent rough in group I. None of the animals in any groups showed any intra and post operative complication.

Evaluation of Anti Hyperuricemic Activity of Vitamin E on Potassim Oxonate Induced Hyperuricemic Rat Model

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hariprasad Sapkota ◽  
Hemraj Sharma ◽  
Shakti Shrestha ◽  
Sandhya Shrestha ◽  
sudipa Adhikari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Uric Acid ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Serum Albumin Level ◽  
Albumin Level ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Per Oral ◽  
Potassium Oxonate

Abstract Background Hyperuricemia is often associated with oxidative stress and vitamin E alters uric acid level in hypertensive rats, consequently, vitamin E may have a significant role in non-hypertensive hyperuricemia. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate anti-hyperuricemic activity of vitamin E on potassium oxonate-induced hyperuricemic rats. Methods Eighteen adult Wistar Albino rats of similar weights were equally divided into group I (normal control), group II (disease control) and group III (treatment control). Group I received 0.5ml normal saline per oral while group II and group III received potassium oxonate (250 mg/kg-intraperitoneal) on day 1, 3, 6, 10, 13 and 15. Group III also received vitamin E (200 mg/kg-per oral) for 15 days. Blood samples were collected through retro orbital plexus from all the animals on day 15 to evaluate uric acid, creatinine, total cholesterol, triglycerides, albumin and blood urea nitrogen, as well joint diameter, and kidneys’ weight was also evaluated. Result We observed a statistically significant rise (p<0.05 or p<0.001) in all the parameters and a significant decline in serum albumin level (p<0.001) in group II as compared to group I, but no significant difference (p>0.05) in all the parameters between group I and III. In contrast to this, a significant reduction in all the parameters (p<0.05 or p<0.001) and significant increase in serum albumin level (p<0.001) were observed in group III as compared to group II. Conclusion Our findings suggest that vitamin E has an anti-hyperuricemic activity against hyperuricemia induced rats.

scholarly journals Variations in PH Decline Measured from 45 Min to 48 H Postmortem as Related to Meat Quality of (L × Y) × H Fatteners

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 461-469 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrzej Zybert ◽  
Elżbieta Protasiuk ◽  
Katarzyna Antosik ◽  
Halina Sieczkowska ◽  
Elżbieta Krzęcio-Nieczyporuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Lactate Concentration ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Drip Loss ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Fattening Pigs

Abstract The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of the range of pH decline from 45 min to 48 h after the slaughter on the quality of meat in (Landrace × Yorkshire) × Hampshire fattening pigs. The mean value and standard deviation for the range of pH fall from 45 min to 48 h postmortem served to create the following experimental groups: group I with pH decline less or equal to 0.88 units pH; group II with pH decline higher than 0.88 but lower than 1.26 pH units; and group III where pH decline was equal to 1.26 units or higher. This investigation showed that glycolytic resources in meat (glycogen and lactate) were connected with the range of pH decline from 45 min to 48 h postmortem. The different ultimate pH in meat with the same lactate concentration was noted (group I vs. II). Although the range and the rate of pH decline from 3 h postmortem was higher and significantly faster (P≤0.05 and 0.01) in both groups with a higher pH fall (groups II and III), there was no statistically confirmed influence of the investigated range of pH fall on drip loss and on colour. The average values for drip loss and colour obtained in this experiment were related to ultimate pH of meat of (L × Y) × H fatteners, being characteristic for acid meat

Genoprotective role of vitamin E and selenium in rabbits anaesthetized with sevoflurane

2004 ◽  
Vol 23 (8) ◽  
pp. 413-419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cetin Kaymak ◽  
Ela Kadioglu ◽  
Hulya Basar ◽  
Semra Sardas
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Comet Assay ◽  
Antioxidant Supplementation ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Sevoflurane Anaesthesia ◽  
Group I ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group Ii

In this study, genotoxic effects of repeated sevoflurane anaesthesia were investigated in rabbits with or without antioxidant supplementation. Twenty-one New Zealand male rabbits were included in the study and randomized into three groups as: placebo treated (Group I), vitamin E supplemented (Group II) and selenium supplemented (Group III). Vitamin E and selenium were given intraperitoneally for 15 days before anaesthesia treatment. Anaesthesia was administered using 3% sevoflurane in 4 L/min oxygen for a 3-hour period and continued for 3 days. Blood samples were collected before anaesthesia (Sample 1), after the first, second and third days of sevoflurane administration (Sample 2, Sample 3 and Sample 4 respectively) and the last samples were taken 5 days after the last sevoflurane administration (Sample 5). Genotoxic damage was examined using the comet assay. The degree of damage is assessed by grading the cells into three categories of no migration (NM), low migration (LM) and high migration (HM) depending on the fraction of DNA pulled out into the tail under the influence of the electric field. The number of comets in each sample was calculated (1 × number of comets in category NM + 2 × number of comets in category LM + 3 ×number of comets in category HM) and expressed as the total comet score (TCS), which summarizes the damage frequencies. In Group I, a significant increase in the mean TCSs was observed for Samples 3 and 4 as compared with Sample 1. However, there were no significant differences between Samples 1, 2 and 5. The mean TCS of Sample 4 was significantly higher than Sample 1, 2 and 3 in Group II. Group III demonstrated no significant mean TCSs for any experimental conditions. Statistical differences were also observed between the groups with significant P values. This experimental study points out the presence of DNA damage with repeated sevoflurane anaesthesia and the genoprotective role of antioxidant supplementation on DNA damage in mononuclear leukocytes of rabbits by highly sensitive comet assay.

Bone mineral density and spongiosa architecture in correlation to vertebral body insufficiency fractures

1998 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 538-542 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Andresen ◽  
S. Radmer ◽  
D. Banzer
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Vertebral Body ◽  
Unknown Etiology ◽  
Insufficiency Fractures ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group Ii

Objective: the clinical value of spinal quantitative CT (sQCT) and the structural patterns of the vertebral bone were studied Material and Methods: sQCT was performed on 246 patients with a mean age of 57 years for whom conventional lateral radiographies of the thoracic and lumbar spine were available. All patients were suffering from back pain of unknown etiology. the bone mineral density (BMD) of the midvertebral section of 3 lumbar vertebral bodies was determined by means of single-energy-(SE)-weighted QCT (85 kV). Spongiosa architecture and density profile analyses were made in the axial images. This was contrasted to BMD values ascertained in SE QCT. the mean BMD was compared to the number of fractures and the patients were divided into three groups: group I — no fracture; group II — one fracture; and group III 1 fracture Results: the mean BMD was: 134.3 (74.1–187.5) mg hydroxyapatite (HA)/ml in group I; 79.6 (58.6–114.3) mg HA/ml in group II; and 52.4 (13.1–79.1)mg HA/ml in group III. A significant deterioration in spongiosa structure was found with increasing demineralization: strongly rarefied patterns predominated in the fracture groups II and III Conclusion: sQCT provides a good risk assessment of the occurrence of vertebral body insufficiency fractures

Seasonal variations in wool growth and heat tolerance of sheep. I. Wool growth

1960 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 75 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Wodzicka
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Day Treatment ◽  
The Other ◽  
Seasonal Rhythm ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Wool Growth ◽  
Group I ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
The Difference

The monthly wool growth of three groups of rams was studied at Beltsville, Maryland. Group I received natural daylight (at 38° 53' N.) and was shorn monthly. Group II had a 7:17 hours of daylight to hours of darkness rhythm and was shorn every 6 months, once in winter and once in summer. Group III received natural daylight and was likewise shorn every 6 months. The rams of all groups produced more wool in summer than in winter. This difference was significant (P<0.001). The mean body weight and food intake were both greater in the winter months, which indicated that the seasonal rhythm of wool growth was not a consequence of poorer feeding in winter. The rams which were shorn monthly (group I) grew considerably more wool than the other two groups, but the difference was not statistically significant. The short-day treatment of group II did not increase the annual wool production nor decrease the seasonal rhythm of wool growth. The balance of evidence from this and other experiments indicates that temperature rather than light controls the seasonal rhythm of wool growth.

Histological Studies on Ageing Changes in the Cornea of Indian Buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Prasanth Babu ◽  
P. Jagapathi Ramayya ◽  
Y. Nagamalleswari ◽  
Makkena Sreenu ◽  
K. Lakshmi Kavitha
Keyword(s):  
Corneal Epithelium ◽  
Corneal Stroma ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Progressive Increase ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Group I ◽  
Descemet's Membrane ◽  
Descemet’S Membrane ◽  
The Mean

Background: Affections of eye commonly encountered in all the species of animals. If these not treated in time, the vision may be hampered, this may impair the physical ability, utility and productivity of animals leading to economic loss to the animal owners. Corneal dystrophies like basement membrane dystrophy, stromal dystrophy, endothelial dystrophy, corneal erosions and corneal ulcerations etc., seen in the aged buffaloes. The current study was carried out to establish basic data and to provide authentic information to the clinicians on ageing changes in eyes of buffaloes.Methods: The study on age related changes in the cornea was conducted on 63 eye balls of locally available buffaloes of different breeds in and around Proddatur. These buffaloes were categorized into 3 groups based on their age i.e., group I (1-5 yrs), group II (6-10 yrs) and group III (11 yrs and above) buffaloes. The eyeballs were isolated and fixed with Davidson’s fluid. The paraffin sections of cornea were subjected for routine histological study.Result: The mean total thickness (µm) of cornea was increased from group I to III animals and it was 747.22±13.57, 853.33±11.05 and 897.22±8.06. Hence, The mean thickness (µm) of all five layers of cornea increased with advancement of age. Superficial corneal epithelial layer was made up of non keratinized stratified squamous epithelium with 6 to 7 layers at early age and 12-14 layers of cells in adult animals. The mean thickness (µm) of corneal epithelium in group I to III animals was 117.04±3.37, 122.59±2.23 and 133.71±3.55 respectively. Bowman’s membrane of cornea was measured 12.97±0.86, 17.22±0.55 and 18.71±0.68 in group I, II and III animals respectively. The mean thickness (µm) of corneal stroma in group I to III animals was 600.75±10.33, 672.22±10.46 and 690.00±5.32 respectively. This was mainly due to progressive increase in number of collagenous lamellae. The keratocytes became thin in old animals. Thickness of posterior band zone (PBZ) of Descemet’s membrane was increased with advancement of age. The mean thickness (µm) of Descemet’s membrane and endothelium together was in group I, II and III animals was 16.48±0.91, 41.29±2.25 and 54.82±1.44 respectively. The corneal endothelial cells were enlarged and increased in size in old buffaloes. The age related pigmentation was also noticed in epithelium and stroma of cornea in animals of group III. Density of sub basal nerve plexuses between the stroma and the corneal epithelium was not altered with advancement of age.

scholarly journals Assessment of intraocular pressure in chinchillas of different age groups using rebound tonometry

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (8) ◽  
pp. 1466-1471 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flor Diana Yokoay Claros Chacaltana ◽  
João Antonio Tadeu Pigatto ◽  
Ione Terezinha Denardin
Keyword(s):  
Intraocular Pressure ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Rebound Tonometer ◽  
Indirect Ophthalmoscopy ◽  
Group I ◽  
Schirmer Tear Test ◽  
The Mean

ABSTRACT: The aim of this research was to measure the intraocular pressure (IOP) of normal chinchilla eyes using the rebound tonometer. A further aim was to assess whether there were differences in the values of intraocular pressure in relation to animals age, gender and time of day. Thirty-six chinchillas were divided into three groups of 12 chinchillas each, by age: Group I (2-6-month-old), Group II (20 and 34 months) and Group III (37 and 135 months). Ophthalmic examination was performed previously by Schirmer tear test, slit lamp biomicroscopy, indirect ophthalmoscopy and fluorescein test in all chinchillas. Three measurements of intraocular pressure were assessed on the same day (7, 12 and 19h). Tonometry was performed on both eyes using the rebound tonometer after calibration in "p" mode. Statistical analysis was performed with SigmaPlot for Windows. The mean IOP for groups I, II and III were 2.47±0.581mmHg, 2.47±0.581mmHg and 2.51±0.531mmHg, respectively. No significant differences were reported between age and IOP and no significant differences were reported between the time of day and IOP. The IOP in chinchillas did not differ significantly between genders or ages of the animals, and did not change with time of day.

scholarly journals Assessment and comparison of the levels of N-nitrosonornicotine and 4-(n-methyl-n –nitrosamino) -1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone in the saliva of tobacco chewers and non- chewers -a hospital based study

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 66
Author(s):  
Dr Harpreet Kaur Gandhoke ◽  
Dr Vasanti Lagali Jirge ◽  
Dr Anjana Bagewadi
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Smokeless Tobacco ◽  
Statistical Difference ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Tobacco Specific Nitrosamines

Background: Studies estimating the Tobacco- specific nitrosamines, (TSNA’s) which are the strongest carcinogens in the saliva oftobacco users and tobacco quitters, are limited.Objectives: To assess and compare the levels of N- nitrosamines (NNN, NNK) in the saliva of tobacco chewers and non -chewers including those who have quit the habit of tobacco use.Methods: The study included 120 patients who were divided into three groups of 40 each: Group I- Smokeless tobacco chewersGroup II- Tobacco chewers who have completely stopped the habit at least 2 weeks prior to sample collection andGroup III- non-chewers. The salivary levels of two tobacco specific nitrosamines; NNN & NNK levels were estimated in the three study groups. Statistical analysis was done by Kruskal– Wallis, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test, Mann-Whitney U test. (p-value < 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant)Results: In Group I, the mean level of NNN was 651.84 ± 359.78 and mean level of NNK was 168.32 ± 131.83. In Group II, the mean level of NNN was 119.52 ± 95.05 and mean level of NNK was 42.78 ± 43.19. In Group III, the mean level of NNN was 3.44 ±6.55 and mean level of NNK was 1.98 ± 3.68. There was a statistical difference in the 3 groups with respect to mean levels of NNN and NNK.Conclusion: The study indicated that salivary tobacco-specific nitrosamines are elevated in tobacco chewers. Saliva can be used to detect TSNA’s and screen for TSNA’s during each patient’s de-addiction process.  

scholarly journals Comparitive evaluation of different concentrations of alcohol in ultrasound guided coeliac plexus neurolysis for pain relief in upper abdominal malignancies

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 492-500
Author(s):  
Manish Kumar Singh ◽  
Pragya Verma ◽  
Sarita Singh ◽  
Gyan P Singh ◽  
Hemlata Verma
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Morphine Consumption ◽  
Rescue Analgesia ◽  
Vas Score ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Upper Abdominal

Patients suffering from advanced upper abdominal malignancies have pain as predominant symptom affects their quality of life and survival. USG guided coeliac plexus neurolysis become benevolence in these patients on part of their pain management and quality of life improvement. To compare the efficacy of USG guided coeliac plexus neurolysis for pain relief in upper abdominal malignancies by using different concentration of alcohol (50% vs 75%).This Prospective, comparative, randomised double blinded study was conducted during Sep 2019 – Aug 2020 at our tertiary care centre. Total 60 cases were taken as per following inclusion and exclusion criteria and randomly divided into 2 groups i.e. 30 each group, we compare Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) score, quality of life (QOL) and need of rescue analgesia profile between the groups to know the efficacy of USG guided coeliac plexus block. In our study, we observed that the baseline mean VAS score in group I was 8.26±0.78 while in group II was 8.03±0.76. No significant difference was found in mean VAS score at this time between the groups (p=0.24). The baseline mean QOL score in group-I was 77.46±3.40 while for the cases of group II the mean QOL score was 77.36±3.33. No significant difference was found in mean QOL score at baseline between the groups (p=0.90). The baseline mean morphine consumption in group-I was 113.33±39.24 mg while for the cases of group-II the mean morphine consumption was 120.33±38.37mg. No significant difference was found in mean morphine consumption at this time between the groups (p=0.48).Both groups having 50% alcohol and 75% alcohol decreases the VAS score from baseline in patients having upper abdominal malignancies along with QOL and dosages of rescue analgesia whereas no significant difference in VAS score in patients of both groups.

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