scholarly journals Preventing Paediatric Scalds: A 5 Year Descriptive Analysis, Do We Need to Change Our Approach?

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Saghir N ◽  
Stallard J ◽  
Saghir R ◽  
Phipps A ◽  
Anwa U ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Injury ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Paediatric Population ◽  
First Aid ◽  
Common Type ◽  
Mechanism Of Injury ◽  
Paediatric Cohort

Introduction: Scald injuries are the most common type of thermal injury in the paediatric population [1]. Despite domestic accidental scalds being so common, there is limited awareness of the frequency and severity of these injuries. Awareness of trends in paediatric scalds including age, mechanism of injury and first aid would help guide future allocations of funding for burns prevention and first aid treatment in the paediatric cohort.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Prescribing Indicators in a Paediatric Population Seen in an Outpatient Consultation at the Gaspard Kamara Health Centre in 2019 (Senegal)

Pharmacy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 113
Author(s):  
Oumar Bassoum ◽  
Mouhamadou Faly Ba ◽  
Ndèye Marème Sougou ◽  
Djibril Fall ◽  
Adama Faye
Keyword(s):  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Health Centre ◽  
Paediatric Population ◽  
Essential Medicines ◽  
World Health ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Prescribing Indicators ◽  
Outpatient Consultation ◽  
International Nonproprietary Name ◽  
Health Organization

Introduction: Data on drug use in paediatrics are scarce in Senegal. The objective of this study was to assess the prescribing indicators in a paediatric population seen in an outpatient consultation at a Health Centre in Dakar, Senegal. Methods: A retrospective and analytical study was conducted. The study population consisted of prescriptions for children aged 0 to 14 years who were seen in ambulatory consultation between 1 June and 30 November 2019. The sample size was 600 prescriptions. The systematic survey was then conducted. Five prescription indicators recommended by the World Health Organization were calculated. The R software was used for descriptive analysis, bivariate analysis and binomial logistic regression. Results: The average number of drugs per prescription was 2.56. The proportion of drugs prescribed under the International Nonproprietary Name (INN) was 18.9%, while the proportion of drugs on the National Essential Medicines List (NEML) was 41.3%. The proportions of prescriptions with at least one antibiotic and one injectable product were 41.5% and 1.3%, respectively. Conclusions: This study showed that prescribing habits were inadequate. Thus, it would be necessary to move towards continuing training of prescribers in the wise use of medicines.

scholarly journals (P1-99) Comparative Descriptive Analysis of Post-Disaster Psychological Interventions

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S1) ◽  
pp. s131-s131
Author(s):  
E.Y.L. Cheung ◽  
E.Y.Y. Chan ◽  
S.H. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
First Aid ◽  
Psychological Interventions ◽  
Current Crisis ◽  
Instructor Training ◽  
Emergency Responders ◽  
Public Health Practitioners ◽  
Post Disaster

IntroductionDisaster could greatly affect physical, psychological and social health of people affected. However, current crisis intervention protocols after natural or man-made disasters often overlook the psychosocial impact of crisis on victims. In its executive board meeting in 2005, WHO has called for action in implementing programs that can repair the psychological damage of war, conflict and natural disasters. Currently there are three main post-disaster psychological interventions available in the field: Critical Incidence Stress Management developed by Mitchell and Everly in 1980's; Psychological First Aid developed by the National Child Traumatic Stress Network and National Center for PTSD after millennium; and Mental Health First Aid developed by the Kitchener and Jorm after millennium.MethodsA comparative descriptive analysis among the three different interventions was performed. Specific objectives, target populations, content, training duration, empirical evidence, instructor training and various adaptations were compared. Public health implications for implementation in disaster settings are discussed.ResultsThe study is among the first that provided a detail comparison among the different protocols available in the field. More importantly it discussed the empirical evidence that support the use of the specific protocols at different scenarios. Implication the results of the study could be used as a guidance for choosing psychological interventions immediately post-disasters by emergency responders, public health practitioners and academic researchers.

scholarly journals Retrospective Review of Injury Patterns Among Ghanaian Footballers During the 2009-2010 League Season

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-67
Author(s):  
Maxwell Larwch ◽  
◽  
Jonathan Quartey ◽  
Samuel Koranteng Kwakye ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Review ◽  
Body Part ◽  
First Aid ◽  
Football Players ◽  
Injury Incidence ◽  
Professional Football ◽  
Mechanism Of Injury ◽  
Injury Patterns ◽  
Premier League ◽  
Mental Demands

BackgroundThe increased popularity of football in addition to the physical and mental demands placed on players increase the risk of soccer injuries. We set out to identify injury patterns among footballers involved in selected Glo sponsored Ghana premier league games during the 2009/2010 season.MethodologyDigital video compact discs (DVDs) of thirty randomly selected 2009/2010 matches were acquired for the study from the Ghana Football Association. A Samsung DVD player and television set were used to playback and watch the matches. The researchers stopped the video immediately an injury occurred and the disc was then put in slow playback movement whilst the occurrence of injury was recorded on an injury report form.All statistical analyses were performed using SPSS version 20.ResultsA total of 139 injuries were recorded during the study with an average injury incidence of 4.63±1.99 injuries per match. Tackling attempts (51.1%) was the predominant mechanism of injury with the ankle (26.6%) being the most injured body part. There was a significant association between player position and number of injuries suffered (p=0.038) and a significant association observed between player position and severity of injuries (p = 0.042). The uses of icepack (34.5%) and vapocoolant spray (32.4%) were the most common first aid treatment for the injuries sustained.ConclusionThe study indicated that professional football players in Ghana are exposed to high injury risks as evident by the relatively high injury incidence. Keywords: Football, footballers,playback, injuries, digital video compact discs

scholarly journals Localized pustular psoriasis in a child treated successfully with topical dapsone gel

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vidya Kharkar ◽  
Surender Singh ◽  
Yallappa Ramachandrappa Kabbannavar
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Plaque Psoriasis ◽  
Paediatric Population ◽  
Common Type ◽  
Effective Therapy ◽  
Pustular Psoriasis ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Immune Mediated ◽  
Paediatric Age ◽  
Erythrodermic Psoriasis

<p class="abstract">Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory, immune mediated dermatosis in children and adults. About one third of cases affected with psoriasis have their onset in first and second decade of life. Of paediatric population, about 0.5-2% is affected, infants are rarely affected. Overall plaque psoriasis is most common type followed by guttate and pustular psoriasis. Treating severe forms of psoriasis such as pustular psoriasis and erythrodermic psoriasis can pose difficulties, especially in paediatric population. Hence paediatric psoriasis needs to be managed effectively, however effective therapy also poses the risk of producing adverse effects, more so in paediatric age group. We report a case of localized pustular psoriasis, with an antineutrophil agent which is much safer and may target directly the pathophysiology of pustular psoriasis.</p>

scholarly journals Community Nursing in Coastal Tourism through the Establishment of Coastal Health Center (POSKESPAN)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Komang Achjar ◽  
Moses Glorino Rumambo Pandin
Keyword(s):  
Health Workers ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
First Aid ◽  
Coast Guard ◽  
Warning Signs ◽  
Care Needs ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
Bad Weather ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Depth Interviews

Coastal tourist nursing is intended for coastal tourists related to the risk of accidents that may occur during the coastal activity. The risk of accidents in tourists can occur due to bad weather, lack of rescue equipment, and the limited ability of the coast guard to perform first aid and emergency treatment. This study described the relationship between coastal tourist nursing with the prevention of injuries and the first aid of coastal accidents, as well as the working procedures and obstacles that might occur during the rescue. The research was conducted by the qualitative method through in-depth interviews with respondents consisting of tourists, Balawista, and health workers. The data is analyzed with qualitative descriptive analysis. The interview generates 14 themes related to activities on coastal such as the duties of Balawista, warning signs, means of communication, improvement of ability, accident cases, accident treatment, referral of cases, needs of infrastructure facilities, human resources needs, health care needs, infrastructure factors, human factors, situation factors, and how to cope with the problem. Those themes can be used as a reflection in following up the safety service efforts to coastal tourists.

scholarly journals Predictors of mortality and clinical characteristics among carbapenem-resistant or carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae bloodstream infections in Spanish children

2020 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 220-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
M F Ara-Montojo ◽  
L Escosa-García ◽  
M Alguacil-Guillén ◽  
N Seara ◽  
C Zozaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organ Transplant ◽  
Empirical Therapy ◽  
Bloodstream Infections ◽  
Paediatric Population ◽  
Carbapenem Resistant ◽  
Paediatric Cohort ◽  
Single Centre Study ◽  
Sources Of Infection ◽  
Underlying Diseases ◽  
Hospital Acquired

Abstract Background Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) are an emerging problem in the paediatric population worldwide with high mortality rates in bloodstream infection (BSI). Objectives To evaluate predictors of 30 day mortality in CRE BSI in a paediatric cohort. Methods A retrospective observational single-centre study (December 2005–August 2018) was conducted. Cases of CRE BSI in children 0 to 16 years were included. Microbiological identification (MALDI Biotyper) and antimicrobial susceptibility testing (Vitek2® and MicroScan panel NBC44) according to EUCAST breakpoints were performed. PCR OXVIKP® was used to confirm carbapenemase genes (OXA-48, VIM, KPC, NDM). Demographic characteristics, underlying diseases, source of bacteraemia, antimicrobial therapy and outcomes were collected from medical records. Survival analysis to establish predictors of 30 day mortality was performed. Results Thirty-eight cases were included; 76.3% were hospital-acquired infections and 23.7% related to healthcare. All patients had at least one underlying comorbidity and 52.6% were recipients of an organ transplant. VIM carbapenemase was the predominant mechanism (92.1%). Previous CRE colonization or infection rate was 52.6%. Intestinal tract (26.3%) and vascular catheter (21.1%) were the most common sources of infection. Crude mortality within 30 days was 18.4% (7/38); directly related 30 day mortality was 10.5%. Conditions associated with an increment in 30 day mortality were intensive care admission and inadequate empirical therapy (P &lt; 0.05). Combination-antibiotic targeted treatment and a low meropenem MIC were not related to improved survival. Conclusions CRE BSI mortality rate is high. The most important factor related to 30 day survival in our CRE BSI cohort in children was empirical treatment that included at least one active antibiotic.

scholarly journals An epidemiologic overview of a tertiary referral practice for male paediatric lichen sclerosus

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 241-245
Author(s):  
Dylan Thomas Hoare ◽  
Peter Metcalfe
Keyword(s):  
Primary Outcome ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Lichen Sclerosus ◽  
Paediatric Population ◽  
Tertiary Referral ◽  
Chief Complaints ◽  
Changing Patterns ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
Significant Disease ◽  
Referral Practice

Abstract Within the paediatric population, changing patterns of circumcisions have confounded the epidemiology and presentation of lichen sclerosus (LS). We sought to evaluate the incidence, demographics, and clinical features of patients presenting to a single Albertan paediatric urologist with LS. This retrospective descriptive analysis evaluated all paediatric patients referred for phimosis to a single paediatric urologist in Edmonton, Alberta. Chief complaints/symptoms, date of birth, and date of circumcision were identified. The primary outcome of interest was the proportion of circumcisions with pathologically confirmed LS. From July 2006 to March 2016, 4,163 patients were seen for phimosis of the approximate 12,000 new referrals. Hundred phimosis patients had clinically suspected LS. Of those adequately reported, 81 (81/83) were microscopically confirmed to be LS with a mean age of 9.6 years and median age of 8.9 years (range 4.1 to 16.1 years). This cohort represented 2.0% of phimosis referrals and approximately 0.7% of all referrals to our paediatric urologist. When compared to physiologic phimosis, these patients had higher rates of dysuria (n=28, 34.6% versus n=1, 1.0%, P&lt;0.0001) and urinary retention (n=18, 22.2% versus n=1, 1.0%, P&lt;0.0001) as presenting complaints. LS of the paediatric male genitalia is an uncommon, albeit clinically significant disease entity. The clinical diagnosis for the trained practitioner is very accurate.

scholarly journals Pattern of Corneal Diseases in Paediatric Age Group at a Tertiary Eye Care Center in Nepal

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-42
Author(s):  
A Shah ◽  
M Chaudhary ◽  
J K Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Care Center ◽  
Paediatric Population ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Common Type ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Eye Care ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Corneal Infection ◽  
Paediatric Age

Objective: It is to study the pattern of corneal diseases (including injuries) in paediatric population in a tertiary eye care center. Materials and methods: A descriptive, cross sectional study was carried out in a tertiary eye care center which included 176 cases. Results: Out of 176 cases studied, 6 cases (3.4%) presented with congenital causes, 4 cases (2.27%) were of dystrophy and ectasia, 63 cases (35.79%) had infective origin, 17 cases (9.65%) had inflammatory cause, 9 cases (5.11%) had systemic association and 77 cases (43.75%) had traumatic causes. Conclusion: Trauma was noted to be the most important cause for corneal diseases in paediatric population followed by infective conditions. Viral keratitis was found to be the most common type of corneal infection in the paediatric age group. 

scholarly journals Is there evidence to link acid reflux with chronic sinusitis or any nasal symptoms? A review of the evidence

2011 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-16
Author(s):  
E.P. Flook ◽  
B.N. Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Sinusitis ◽  
Acid Reflux ◽  
Paediatric Population ◽  
Causal Factor ◽  
Potential Bias ◽  
Adult Case ◽  
Nasal Symptoms ◽  
Paediatric Cohort ◽  
Chronic Rhino Sinusitis ◽  
Randomised Controlled

BACKGROUND: Acid reflux into the oesophagus, larynx, pharynx or nasopharynx has been suggested as a causal factor in chronic rhino-sinusitis (CRS), which can then be refractory to nasal treatments. The aim of this review was to conclude on the strength of the link between GORD, LPR, nasopharyngeal reflux, nasal symptoms and CRS. METHOD: Medline and Embase search. RESULTS: Nineteen papers describing varying studies on CRS, GORD, LPR and PPI therapy were found. Four adult case-controlled studies showed more acid reflux events/symptoms in refractory CRS patients. Paediatric cohort studies showed more reflux events in rhinosinusitis patients than the general paediatric population, but they are not conclusive. Many papers do not use robust CRS diagnostic criteria for inclusion into studies and take no confounding factors into consideration. CONCLUSION: The evidence of a link is poor with no good randomised controlled trials available. The few adult studies that show any link between acid reflux and nasal symptoms are small case-controlled studies with moderate levels of potential bias. There is not enough evidence to consider anti-reflux therapy for adult refractory CRS and there is no evidence that acid reflux is a significant causal factor in CRS.

scholarly journals A GHASTLY RISING RATE OF PREVENTABLE PEDIATRIC BURNS: WE NEED TO ACT

2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (6) ◽  
pp. 1622-28
Author(s):  
Muhammad Rizwan Aslam ◽  
Taokeer Ahmed Rizvi ◽  
Muhammad Tariq Munawar ◽  
Asad Maqbool ◽  
Shahid Naqvi
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Care Facility ◽  
Paediatric Population ◽  
First Aid ◽  
Incident Type ◽  
Tertiary Care Facility ◽  
Case Series Study ◽  
Pediatric Burns ◽  
Electric Burns

ABSTRACT Objective: To ascertain the increase in paediatric burn admissions in our tertiary care facility. Find various causes of this trend and assess the morbidity and mortality in paediatric population, and suggest remedies. Study Design: This is a “descriptive case series study” Place of Study: This Study was conducted during September 2017 to August 2019 at Department of Burns & Plastic surgery. Materials and Methods: Total number of acute burn admissions under 12 years were recorded. Subdivided this group into 0 to 2 years and 2 to 12 years.  We assessed epidemiology, sex, cause of burn, mode of admission, location of incident, type of first aid given, mortality, and compared results during two equal halves of this period. We used SPSS 20 for data analysis. Results: 504 (49.85%) were pediatric acute burn admissions. Their age ranged from 25 days to 12 years (mean 5 ±1.2 years). 152 were infants/toddlers aged 0-2 years. 270 male and 234 females. 316 were direct admissions. There were 72.43% more pediatric burn admissions. 381 were scalds, 91 flame burns, 21 electric burns and 11 chemical burns. There was 11.94% improved survival among burn patients. Two temporal peaks, largest in summer from May to Jul and second in Dec to Feb. Conclusion: There is an increasing trend in acute pediatric burn admissions. Majority of victims did not receive proper first aid. We need to start a very aggressive campaign on print and electronic media for public education.   

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