scholarly journals BIG AND SMALL WORLDS OF CHILDREN CHARACTERS IN ‘A LITTLE PRINCESS’ BY F. H. BURNETT

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 70-78
Author(s):  
Varvara A. Byachkova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Charles Dickens ◽  
Fairy Tale ◽  
Literary Tradition ◽  
Small World ◽  
Protective Mechanism ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Main Character ◽  
Small Worlds ◽  
The World ◽  
Space Organization

The article raises the topic of space organization in writings by Frances Hodgson Burnett. The object of analysis is the novel A Little Princess. The novel, addressed primarily to children and teenagers, has many similarities with David Copperfield and the works of Charles Dickens in general. The writer largely follows the literary tradition created by Dickens. The space of the main character is divided into three levels: the Big world (states and borders), the Small world (home, school, city) and the World of imagination. The first two worlds give the reader a realistic picture of Edwardian England, the colonial Empire, through the eyes of a child reveal the themes of unprotected childhood, which the writer develops following the literary tradition of the 19th century. The Big and Small worlds also perform an educational function, being a source of experience and impressions for the main character. In the novel, the aesthetic of realism is combined with folklore and fairy-tale elements: the heroine does not completely transform the surrounding space, but she manages to change it partially and also to preserve her own personality and dignity while experiencing the Dickensian drama of child disenfranchisement, despair and loneliness. The World of imagination allows the reader to understand in full the character of Sarah Crewe, demonstrates the dynamics of her growing up, while for herself it is a powerful protective mechanism that enables her to pass all the tests of life and again become a happy child who can continue to grow up and develop.

scholarly journals Fairy tale — myth — logos in the poetics of G. Yakhina`s novel “Children of mine”

2021 ◽  
Vol 59 ◽  
pp. 237-247
Author(s):  
Nadezhda I. Pavlova
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Memory ◽  
Fairy Tale ◽  
Narrative Structure ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Main Character ◽  
Soviet History ◽  
Life And Death ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World ◽  
Different Levels

The article is to study a mythological subtext of the novel “Children of mine” by G. Yakhina, which appeared at different levels: composition, plot, construction of the system of characters ' images. Main character of the novel, Jacob Bach, and his beloved Clara are reunited into a single whole, not only as lovers, but also as representatives of two interrelated and complementary principles of German culture-folklore and literature. The interaction of this pair of heroes should be considered in this symbolic context. Thus, the novel develops a fundamentally significant for its conception motif of prophecy, which implies a subtext about the creation of the world-Logos, which is further developed in the narrative, when the image of the main character fulfills the function of guardian of the cultural memory of the Volga Germans. At the same time, the act of creativity is synonymous with creation, which allows us to grasp in a complex novel whole the repeatability of components of a closed cycle of “myth-life”, fully realized in its narrative structure. Mythological world surrounding Bach is in opposition to the space of Soviet history, embodied in the image of the agitator Hoffmann. There is an inverted picture of the world: historical world as dead and the world of culture as a living world. Thus, in the novel, the poles of life and death exchange places in relation to the present and the past. In view of this conception, one can read a deep intention of the writer representing the word of culture as giving immortality and life in eternity.

scholarly journals Сказочные сюжеты и сюжеты ирландских саг в драматической поэме Н. Гумилева «Гондла» (Folk-Motifs and Plots of the Irish Sagas in Goumiliev’s “Gondla”)

2009 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 193-207
Author(s):  
Marina Guister ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Twelfth Century ◽  
Fairy Tales ◽  
Fairy Tale ◽  
Eleventh Century ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Main Character ◽  
Nineteen Thirties ◽  
The World ◽  
Ugly Duckling ◽  
At Will

The nineteenth–twentieth centuries’ frontier, and onto the nineteen-thirties, is the period when the literature and the folklore of the Celtic and Scandinavian counties were brought into Russia. In this way Nikolaj Goumilev, the author of the drama “Gondla”, translates “Countess Kathleen” by W. B. Yeats and writes his own drama “Morny’s beauty” influenced by some recurring themes of the Irish sagas. The drama-poem “Gondla” is also based on the Irish comparanda, namely on the history and the sagas of the echtrae-cycle of tales. The story takes place in Iceland in the eleventh century; Gondla, the Christian, the son of the Irish king, converts the Icelanders into Christianity. Goumilev himself mentions the sagas about “the hump-backed prince Condla” abducted by a fairy as the source of his drama. The saga of Connla the Fair, or Echtrae Chonnlai, is known to him from the work by H. d’Arboi de Jubainville Cours de Littérature Celtique, as well as, possibly, from the private conversations with A. Smirnov, the first Russian translator of the Irish sagas. The story of Connla contains some widespread folk motifs (cf. S. Thompson’s Motif-index), such as F 302 Fairy mistress, or rather F 302.3.1 Fairy entices man into fairyland. The motifs in question are closely related to those of the Swan-maiden (F 302.4.1 – Fairy comes into man’s power when he stills her wings, and D 361.1 – A swan transforms herself at will into a maiden). The swan-plots are of great importance for Goumilev’s “Gondla”, since the main characters of the drama, Gondla and Lera his fiancée (both Irish) are compared there to the swans persecuted by the wolves (the pagan Icelanders). The motifs are particularly prominent in the case of the Irish folktales and legends. The swan-plots from the Celtic and Slavonic folktales and legends are closely related in “Gondla” to the fairy-tales by Andersen, such as The Marsh King’s Daughter, The Ugly Duckling, The Swan’s Nest and The Wild Swans. The plot of the last fairytale is close to that of the Irish legend about the king Lir’s children transformed into swans (Oidheadh Chloinne Lir). In the same time, this plot is close to the fairy-tale type AT 451 – The maiden who seeks for her brothers and AT 451* – Sister as mysterious housekeeper. The story of this type, with the brothers transformed into swans and a swan maiden as the mother of the swan-children, is literary fixed in the twelfth century in the novel Dolopathos sive de Rege et Septem Sapientibus. The main character of Goumilev’s drama is the poet, the ruler and the priest who baptises Iceland at the same time. As such, he illustrates one of Goumilev’s favourite ideas: the poets must govern the world, as the druids used to do in the distant past.

scholarly journals Looking-Glass Space in “Pattern Recognition” by William Gibson

2019 ◽  
pp. 50-57
Author(s):  
Tetiana Bovsunivska
Keyword(s):  
Pattern Recognition ◽  
Fairy Tale ◽  
Modern Human ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Main Character ◽  
William Gibson ◽  
Artistic Style ◽  
The World ◽  
The Mind ◽  
Looking Glass

The paper deals with the poetics of the novel, based on the principles of literary cyberpunk. William Gibson, the founder of cyberpunk as a genre, in the novel “Pattern Recognition” used the looking-glass image of Lewis Carroll’s book “Through The Looking-Glass And What Alice Found There” as a leitmotif, reminiscently curved and shown only in the mind of the main character Case Pollard. The paper analyzes the semantics of the leitmotif of looking-glass and its functionality in the novel, as well as the conformity with the principles of transrealism and posthumanism. The state of the main character is not explained by some acts or periods of the day, but by hormonal disorder; the scientific awareness is intertwined with the metaphoric field. Thus William Gibson’s artistic style acquires obvious features of cyberpunk. If Alice was just a weird kid who invented the world of fairy-tale creatures, Gibson’s character Case lives in a transreal world, full of various man-made modifications of space and humans. The modern Case-Alice does not invent anything, because the fairy-tale situation of her life is already embedded in the nature of civilizational development. Case as a heroine of the novel fully complies with the requirements of transrealism: she is not ‘normal’, she has a diagnosis and medical history. Тhe ‘F: F: F’ program (fragments) is created by an autistic Russian girl. The neurotic characters that Case meets are atypical, all in their own way. That is why the world around modern Alice, who is Case at the same time, is distorted by the abnormality, which is not hidden by the heroes. The cyberspace of modern human existence transforms all the sores of society into customary artificial symbols of degradation – posthumanistic codes.

scholarly journals CELIE: A PORTRAYAL OF AN AFRO-AMERICAN WOMAN'S REJECTION OF TRADITIONAL VALUES

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 129
Author(s):  
Ekawati Marhaenny Dukut ◽  
Nuki Dhamayanti
Keyword(s):  
Women Characters ◽  
Alice Walker ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Main Character ◽  
Traditional Values ◽  
Female Characters ◽  
American Women ◽  
The Color Purple ◽  
The World ◽  
Color Purple

The world of literature can be a medium of expressing the writer's expressions and ideas. Universal topics such as, love, death, and war often become subject mailers in the world of literature. In the novel, of The Color Purple. Alice Walker describes the oppression experienced by Afro American women in the female characters of Celie, Nellie, Shug Avery, Sofia, and Mary Agnes who faced sexual discrimina!ions in a patriarchal society. Womanhood, education, and lesbianism are factors that help the Afro American women to free themselves from traditional values. The Color Purple puts into words the process of its main character, Celie, who tries to reject and escape from the male domination of her world. The other Afro American women characters that help Celie to find her selfidentity represent the manifestation of the rejection of the traditional values. This article. which uses the socio-historical alld feminism approach. is intended to analyse the Afro-American women's rejection of traditional values by focusing on the major character of' Walker's The Color Purple. Celie. as she develops from being a victim of traditional values to the rejoiceful discovery of her selfidentity.

Irving, John

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurie Champion
Keyword(s):  
Charles Dickens ◽  
Personal History ◽  
The Novel ◽  
John Irving ◽  
Look Back ◽  
The World ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Popular Novel ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Looking Back

A major American writer, John Irving has published many novels, several of which have been adapted for film. His most popular novel is The World According to Garp, which has become both a popular and a cult classic. He is often compared to Charles Dickens, an author he admires. His novels are often political and take liberal views, confronting issues such as abortion rights, LGBT rights, and antiwar sentiments. His characters are not shy about sex and often begin sexual encounters at a young age. Major themes and subjects in his novels include the search for the father, the search for identity, looking back at one’s life, searching for one’s personal history, the difference between memory and truth, and unconventional lifestyles. The settings of his novels vary, and sometimes his characters travel both nationally and internationally. Many of his novels have been adapted for film, and he wrote screenplays for some of them. Irving became a household name in 1978, with the publication of The World According to Garp. Irving is well known for his dark sense of humor and sometimes absurd situations in which he places his characters. Many of his protagonists are older men who look back on their childhoods or adolescents who develop into men over the course of the novel. The relationship between memory and fact is often blurred as one’s memory of events trumps the actual events. Most of Irving’s protagonists are males who do not come from traditional families.

scholarly journals Ten books

2007 ◽  
Vol 191 (6) ◽  
pp. 567-570
Author(s):  
Allan Beveridge
Keyword(s):  
Charles Dickens ◽  
Ethical Reasoning ◽  
Human Experience ◽  
The Internet ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Rich Diversity ◽  
The World ◽  
Hard Times ◽  
The Rich ◽  
The Mind

In the novel Hard Times, Charles Dickens gives his views on education. His character Mr Gradgrind believes in ‘facts’ and is suspicious of the imagination. All we need to know about the world, he maintains, can be reduced to simple facts. Dickens shows that such a philosophy leads to the impoverishment of the mind and to the weakening of ethical reasoning. Today it seems that the descendants of Mr Gradgrind are still in charge. The main psychiatric library where I work has been closed. It is argued that we can obtain all the ‘facts’ we need from the internet. The notion that books might have more to offer than prosaic detail, that they reflect the rich diversity of human experience, seems alien to the modern-day Gradgrinds.

scholarly journals Types of Existence in the Romance Vilnius Poker by Ričardas Gavelis

2012 ◽  
Vol 22 (27) ◽  
pp. 180-189
Author(s):  
Lina Buividavičiūtė
Keyword(s):  
Human Being ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Main Character ◽  
Modern Conception ◽  
Theoretical Part ◽  
Authentic Existence ◽  
The World ◽  
The Senses ◽  
Homo Sovieticus

The reception of Ričardas Gavelis’s works still remains problematic. The conception of the author’s novels is controversial, balancing between theories of modernism and postmodernism. This article focuses on one of Gavelis’s most significant novels, Vilnius poker. The analysis is based on the assumption that the postmodern structure hides the modern conception of the novel. The aims of the article are to actualize a modernpostmodern poetics and to analyze the types of existence in the romance. The possibilities of an authentic existence are analyzed in contrast to the monological, postcolonialistic “broken human being”. The analysis of the concept of authentic being is based on the philosophies of Heidegger and Kierkegaard. The concepts of dialogical and monological being are based on the works of Bakhtin and Buber. The article is based on hermeneutic methodology and the theory of dialogue. The concept of authentic being is analyzed in the context of existentialism.In the theoretical part, the author describes the problems of authentic dialogical being in general, and analyses the context of existentialism and the differences between dialogue and monologue. In the first practical part, the types of the monological being in Vilnius poker are analyzed. In the second one, the concept of authentic being in Vilnius poker is analyzed.The article draws the following conclusions: the authentic being is dialogical, polyphonic, polemic; the non-authentic being is monologicalsolypsistic-not asking, not polemic, not questioning the secrets of being, and telling only one “truth.” The monological being of the novel Vilnius poker is typical of homo lituanicus and homo sovieticus existential characters. The authentic being characterizes the protagonist Vytautas Vargalys. The dialogism of true existence is expressed by rebellious, unmasking being, the polemic with himself, the gifts of the world (inner monologue), and the others (real dialogue). The authentic being of Vytautas Vargalys is created from the senses (smell), bodies (eroticism), speaking, and musical dialogues. Unfortunately, the main character is unable to fully express his authentic being: the monological atmosphere, broken identity, and non-telling language are the main impediments to living a true dialogical life.

scholarly journals Normalcy, Knowledge, and Nature in Mark Haddon's The Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night-Time

2013 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Jaquette Ray
Keyword(s):  
Social Model ◽  
Social Constructions ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Main Character ◽  
Night Time ◽  
Social Model Of Disability ◽  
Language Knowledge ◽  
The World ◽  
Dominant Society ◽  
Human World

<p>This article analyzes Mark Haddon&rsquo;s 2003 novel, <em>The Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night-Time, </em>using a combination of both disability studies theory and ecocriticism.&nbsp; The author argues that the novel&rsquo;s main character, Christopher Boone, presents a social model of disability by challenging dominant society&rsquo;s treatment of him as &ldquo;not normal.&rdquo; Christopher is ostensibly diagnosed with Asperger&rsquo;s Syndrome, although the novel never explicitly labels him as disabled in any way. Through Christopher&rsquo;s views of nature, language, knowledge, and social constructions of disability, we learn that disability is an unstable category, and that dominant society can be disabling.&nbsp; Importantly, though, Christopher&rsquo;s critique of society is, as the author argues, fundamentally environmental. That is, Christopher&rsquo;s views of language, knowledge, and even the more-than-human world itself are central to his destabilization of the category of disability. Christopher&rsquo;s environmental sensibility and critique of society&rsquo;s disabling qualities emerge primarily through his discussions of language, which he finds suspect because it distances humans from the world it describes.&nbsp; Thus, the novel suggests that the disabling features of society that Christopher encounters are the same features that distance humans from nature, particularly through language.&nbsp;</p> <p><strong>&nbsp;</strong></p> <p><strong>Keywords:</strong> eco-phenomenology, ecocriticism, <em>The Curious Incident of the Dog in the Night-Time</em>, Asperger&rsquo;s Syndrome, nature, language, body, epistemology</p>

scholarly journals The metaphor of stopped time in the novel “The Tin Drum” by Günter Grass

2020 ◽  
pp. 34-40
Author(s):  
Kseniya Sergeevna Oparina
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Development ◽  
Crimes Against Humanity ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Main Character ◽  
Special Contribution ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Ethical Norms ◽  
Günter Grass

The goal of this article consist in interpretation of the major metaphor in G&uuml;nter Grass&rsquo; novel &ldquo;The Tin Drum&rdquo;, &nbsp;and coverage of its interrelation with symbolism of the image of the protagonist Oskar Matzerath. The subject of this research is the metaphor of stopped time. The time stops for Oscar with regards to physical and emotional development. Special attention is given to the fact that the protagonist of the novel, who comes into the world with adult intelligence, deliberately stops his development at the age of three. Using the indicated metaphor, the author of the novel forms the key traits of the image of the protagonists: perpetual child, demiurge, trickster. The novelty of this research and special contribution of the author consists in revelation of direct correlations between the aforementioned traits of the main character of the fundamental problems of human existence. A child who refuses to grow up, symbolizes infantilism and denial of the generally accepted socio-ethical norms. At the same time, G. Grass describes dissolution of the surrounding world and blames specific nation in the crimes against humanity, endowing Oskar Matzerath with the traits of trickster and demiurge. The acquired results can be used in textbooks on the history of foreign literature and culturology; as well as in writing term and graduation theses by students majoring in the humanities.

scholarly journals The world-modeling function of Russian-foreign bilingualism in the prose of S. Aflatuni (“Clay letters, floating apples”)

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 300-306
Author(s):  
Alfia I. Smirnova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fairy Tale ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Space Images ◽  
Artistic Style ◽  
The Awakening ◽  
Cultural Codes ◽  
Central Asian ◽  
The World ◽  
Mechanism Of Interaction ◽  
World Modeling

The prose of the Central Asian writer Suhbat Aflatuni is analyzed in the article in the context of the concept of transculturation, which is based on the principle of interference in the interaction of different national cultures, when “cultural diversity and universality” become the “heritage” of one person (M. Epstein). To determine the specifics of the image of the world in the novel “Clay Letters, Floating Apples” (2005), the article aims to reveal the mechanism of interaction between different languages and cultural codes and to trace the world-modeling function of Russian-foreign bilingualism. The text of the novel-parable is complexly organized, it intertwines the events of the present and the past, united by the themes of the Teacher and students, the awakening of genetic memory and the acquisition of the lost ancient alphabet, the return to national spiritual origins as the life-giving moisture of life (the motive of the connection of “clay letters” and water as the source of life in the symbolism of the image of “floating apples”). Thanks to the fairy tale form of the narration and the stylized language based on Russian-foreign bilingualism, the effect of interference carried out “at the borders”, in the zone of inter-lingualism, the author manages to create a universal, syncretic image of the world that demonstrates the attachment of the writer's personality to many cultures. The artistic style of the novel resembles a bright ornament of an oriental carpet with cultural codes encrypted in the drawing – as a continuation of ancient national traditions. At the same time, the form of the parable, the mythologized space, images and motives, the special author's optics, which is based on Russian-foreign bilingualism, allow us to talk about the connection between the novel and the traditions of magical realism.

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