scholarly journals Survival of Spray-Dried Rhodotorula mucilaginosa Isolated from Natural Microbiota of Murta Berries and Antagonistic Effect on Botrytis cinerea

2019 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 222-229
Author(s):  
Alexandra González-Esparza ◽  
Kong S. Ah-Hen ◽  
Osvaldo Montenegro ◽  
Erika Briceño ◽  
Joaquín Stevenson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Botrytis Cinerea ◽  
Spray Drying ◽  
Grey Mould ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
Antagonistic Effect ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Rhodotorula Mucilaginosa ◽  
Natural Microbiota

The aim of this study is to evaluate the survival rate and effective antagonistic activity against Botrytis cinerea, responsible for grey mould on harvested fruits and vegetables, of yeast Rhodotorula mucilaginosa, isolated and identified from the natural microbiota of murta (Chilean guava) berries, after spray drying at different inlet air temperatures, mass per volume ratio of encapsulating agent (maltodextrin) and feed flow rates. The 100 % survival of the yeast was obtained after spray drying with 18 % maltodextrin at 130 °C inlet temperature and a feed flow rate of 9.25 mL/min. The dried yeast obtained under such conditions had the highest antagonistic activity in vitro and in vivo on apples, which showed that spray drying is a valid method to produce active dried cells of R. mucilaginosa that can be used for biocontrol of grey mould spoilage. It was also found that the encapsulating agent maltodextrin improved the in vitro antagonistic activity of R. mucilaginosa.

scholarly journals Bacillus velezensis as Antagonist towards Penicillium roqueforti s.l. in Silage: in vitro and in vivo Evaluation

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Wambacq ◽  
Kris Audenaert ◽  
Monica Höfte ◽  
Sarah De Saeger ◽  
Geert Haesaert
Keyword(s):  
Cell Suspension ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
Antagonistic Effect ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Penicillium Roqueforti ◽  
Bacillus Velezensis ◽  
Toxigenic Fungi ◽  
The Impact

In Belgium, silages are often infected by Penicillium roqueforti sensu lato (s.l.). These toxigenic fungi are well adapted to silage conditions, and their prevention during feed-out is difficult. Bacillus velezensis strain NRRL B-23189 has been reported to inhibit P. roqueforti s.s. conidiospore germination in vitro by the production of lipopeptides. In the present study, the antagonistic effect of this B. velezensis strain towards P. roqueforti s.l. was evaluated in vitro and in vivo. In vitro, corn silage conditions were simulated, and the impact of B. velezensis culture supernatant or cell suspension on P. roqueforti s.l. growth, conidiospore germination and survival and roquefortine C production was evaluated. The antagonism was promising, but growth of B. velezensis in corn silage infusion was poor. An in vivo experiment with microsilos containing a mixture of perennial ryegrass and white clover artificially contaminated with P. roqueforti s.l. was carried out to determine if B. velezensis cell suspension could be used as an antagonistic silage inoculant. The B. velezensis cell suspension applied was unsuccessful in reducing P. roqueforti s.l. numbers at desiling after 56 days compared to no additive application. However, feed-out of the silage was not simulated, so it remains elusive whether or not B. velezensis exerts antagonistic activity during this phase. 

scholarly journals Actinomycete as biocontrol agents against tomato gray mold disease caused by Botrytis cinerea

2021 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hind Lahmyed ◽  
◽  
Rachid Bouharroud ◽  
Redouan Qessaoui ◽  
Abdelhadi Ajerrar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Botrytis Cinerea ◽  
Extracellular Enzymes ◽  
Chitinase Activity ◽  
Gray Mold ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
Future Research ◽  
In Planta ◽  
Tomato Fruits

The present work aims to isolate actinomycete bacteria with antagonistic abilities towards Botrytis cinerea, the causal agent of gray mold, from a soil sample collected from the rhizosphere of a healthy tomato grove. In vitro confrontation led to the isolation of 104 actinomycete isolates; fifteen isolates have shown the most significant mortality rate of the mycelial growth of B. cinerea (>50%). Based on the results of this screening, representative strains were selected to verify their in vivo antagonistic activity on tomato fruits; the reduction of B. cinerea has a percentage ranging from 52.38% to 96.19%. Furthermore, the actinomycete isolates were evaluated for their plant growth-promoting (PGP) properties and their ability to produce biocontrol-related extracellular enzymes viz., amylase, protease, cellulase, chitinase, esterases, and lecithinase. Indeed, Ac70 showed high β-1,3-glucanase activity and siderophore production (17U/ml and 43% respectively), and the highest chitinase activity (39μmol/ml) was observed for Ac24. These results indicated that these actinomycetes might potentially control gray mold caused by B. cinerea on tomato fruits. Investigations on enhancing the efficacy and survival of the biocontrol agent in planta and finding out the best formulation are recommended for future research.

scholarly journals Native Vineyard Non-Saccharomyces Yeasts Used for Biological Control of Botrytis cinerea in Stored Table Grape

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 457
Author(s):  
Antonio Domenico Marsico ◽  
Matteo Velenosi ◽  
Rocco Perniola ◽  
Carlo Bergamini ◽  
Scott Sinonin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Botrytis Cinerea ◽  
Organic Agriculture ◽  
Antagonistic Effect ◽  
Current Control ◽  
In Vitro Assays ◽  
Lytic Enzymes ◽  
Commercial Development

Postharvest spoilage fungi, such as Botrytis cinerea, are considered the main cause of losses of fresh fruit quality and vegetables during storage, distribution, and consumption. The current control strategy is the use of SO2 generator pads whose application is now largely under observation. A high quantity of SO2 can be deleterious for fresh fruits and vegetables and it is not allowed in organic agriculture. For this reason, great attention has been recently focused on identifying Biological Control Agents (BCA) to implement biological approaches devoid of chemicals. In this direction, we carried out our study in isolating five different non-Saccharomyces yeast strains from local vineyards in the South of Italy as possible BCA. We performed both in vitro and in vivo assays in semi-commercial conditions on detached grape berries stored at 0 °C, simulating the temperature normally used during cold storage, and obtained relevant results. We isolated three M. pulcherrima strains and one L. thermotolerans strain able to largely antagonize the development of the B. cinerea, at both in vitro and in vivo conditions. In particular, we detected the ability of the three isolates of M. pulcherrima strains Ale4, N20/006, and Pr7 and the L. thermotolerans strain N10 to completely inhibit (100% in reduction) the mycelial growth of B. cinerea by producing fungistatic compounds. We found, using an extracellular lytic enzymes activity assay, that such activity could be related to lipid hydrolyzation, β-1,3-glucanase and pectinase activity, and pectinase and protease activity, depending on the yeasts used. Results from our in vitro assays allowed us to hypothesize for M. pulcherrima strains Ale4 and N20/006 a possible combination of both the production of soluble metabolites and volatile organic compounds to antagonize against B. cinerea growth. Moreover, in semi-commercial conditions, the M. pulcherrima strain N20/006 and L. thermotolerans strain N10 showed relevant antagonistic effect also at low concentrations (with a significantly reduction of ‘slip skin’ incidence of 86.4% and 72.7%, respectively), thus highlighting a peculiar property to use in commercial development for organic agriculture and the handling process.

scholarly journals First characterization of the probiotic potential of lactic acid bacteria isolated from Costa Rican pineapple silages

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e12437
Author(s):  
Jannette Wen Fang Wu Wu ◽  
Mauricio Redondo-Solano ◽  
Lidieth Uribe ◽  
Rodolfo WingChing-Jones ◽  
Jessie Usaga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Hela Cells ◽  
High Capacity ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
Antagonistic Effect ◽  
Probiotic Potential

Background Agro-industrial waste from tropical environments could be an important source of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) with probiotic potential. Methods Twelve LAB isolates were isolated from pineapple silages. The species identification was carried out considering 16S rRNA and pheS genes. Experiments to evaluate the probiotic potential of the isolates included survival under simulated gastrointestinal environment, in vitro antagonistic activity (against Salmonella spp. and Listeria monocytogenes), auto-aggregation assays, antibiotic susceptibility, presence of plasmids, adhesiveness to epithelial cells, and antagonistic activity against Salmonella in HeLa cells. Results Lacticaseibacillus paracasei, Lentilactobacillus parafarraginis, Limosilactobacillus fermentum, and Weissella ghanensis were identified. Survival of one of the isolates was 90% or higher after exposure to acidic conditions (pH: 2), six isolates showed at least 61% survival after exposure to bile salts. The three most promising isolates, based on survivability tests, showed a strong antagonistic effect against Salmonella. However, only L. paracasei_6714 showed a strong Listeria inhibition pattern; this isolate showed a good auto-aggregation ability, was resistant to some of the tested antibiotics but was not found to harbor plasmids; it also showed a high capacity for adhesion to epithelial cells and prevented the invasion of Salmonella in HeLa cells. After further in vivo evaluations, L. paracasei_6714 may be considered a probiotic candidate for food industry applications and may have promising performance in acidic products due to its origin.

scholarly journals Identification of epiphytic yeasts and bacteria with potential for biocontrol of grey mold disease on table grapes caused by Botrytis cinerea

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. e1002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazem Kasfi ◽  
Parissa Taheri ◽  
Behrooz Jafarpour ◽  
Saeed Tarighi
Keyword(s):  
Botrytis Cinerea ◽  
Disease Incidence ◽  
Gray Mold ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
Antagonistic Effect ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Thompson Seedless ◽  
Grape Berries ◽  
Table Grapes

The objective of this study was to identify grapevine epiphytic yeasts and bacteria for biocontrol of Botrytis cinerea on grapes. Antagonistic yeasts and bacteria were isolated from the epiphytic flora associated with grape berries and leaves cv. ‘Thompson seedless’ from vineyards in Iran and identified by sequencing the conserved genomic regions. A total of 130 yeast and bacterial isolates from the surface of grapevine were screened in vitro for determining their antagonistic effect against B. cinerea and used to control postharvest gray mold. Among the 130 isolates, five yeasts and four bacterial isolates showed the greatest antagonistic activity in vitro against B. cinerea. Two yeasts species including Meyerozyma guilliermondii and Candida membranifaciens had high antagonistic capability against the pathogen. Also, 4 bacterial isolates belonging to Bacillus sp. and Ralstonia sp. showed significant biocontrol effect against B. cinerea. The isolates were capable of producing volatile and non-volatile substances, which suppressed the pathogen growth. The antagonistic activity of selected yeasts and bacteria against the pathogen was investigated on wounded berries of ‘Thompson seedless’. On small clusters with intact berries, all of the antagonistic isolates considerably reduced the decay on grape berries and inhibition of gray mold incidence on fruits treated by these isolates was less than 50%, except for the isolate N1, which had higher capability in inhibiting the disease incidence. These results suggest that antagonist yeasts and bacteria with potential to control B. cinerea on grape can be found in the microflora of grape berries and leaves.

scholarly journals Antifungal Activity of Plant Essential Oils Against Botrytis cinerea, Penicillium italicum and Penicillium digitatum

2013 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew VITORATOS ◽  
Dimitrios BILALIS ◽  
Anestis KARKANIS ◽  
Aspasia EFTHIMIADOU
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Botrytis Cinerea ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Grey Mould ◽  
Penicillium Italicum ◽  
Postharvest Diseases ◽  
Mycelium Growth ◽  
Plant Essential Oils

Plant essential oils have the potential to replace the synthetic fungicides in the management of postharvest diseases of fruit and vegetables.The aim of this study was to access the in vitro and in vivo activity of essential oil obtained from oregano (Origanum vulgare L. ssp. hirtum), thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.) and lemon (Citrus limon L.) plants, against some important postharvest pathogens (Botrytis cinerea, Penicillium italicum and P. digitatum). In vitro experiments indicated that P. italicum did not show any mycelium growth in presence of thyme essential oils at concentration of 0.13 μl/ml. Moreover, B. cinerea did not show any mycelium growth in presence of lemon and oregano essential oils at concentration of 17 μl/ml and 0.02 μl/ml, respectively. Moreover, the essential oils from three species were effective in reducing the spore germination. The in vivo experiments confirmed the strong efficacy shown in vitro by essential oils. These oregano and lemon oils were very effective in controlling disease severity of infected fruit by B. cinera in tomatoes, strawberries and cucumbers. In tomatoes, grey mould due to B. cinerea was completed inhibited by oregano essential oils at 0.30 μl/ml. Moreover, lemon essential oils induced a significant reduction of grey mould disease severity. In strawberries, grey mould was completed inhibited by lemon essential oils at 0.05 μl/ml. In addition, lemon essential oils at 0.05 μl/ml showed 39% reduction of infected cucumber fruits by B. cinerea. These results indicate that essential oils after suitable formulation could be used for the control of postharvest diseases caused by Botrytis and Penicillium pathogens.

scholarly journals New epiphytic yeasts able to reduce grey mold disease on apples

2018 ◽  
Vol 54 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 248-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kheireddine Amina ◽  
Essghaier Badiâa ◽  
Hedi Abdeljabar ◽  
Sadfi-Zouaoui Cyrine Dhieb Najla
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Botrytis Cinerea ◽  
Aureobasidium Pullulans ◽  
Grey Mould ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Limited Success ◽  
Grey Mold ◽  
Cryptococcus Flavescens

Botrytis cinerea, the causal agent of grey mould, is a predominant agent causing extensive postharvest and quality losses of apples in Tunisia and worldwide. Efforts to manage this disease have met with limited success. For this reason, the use of microorganism preparations to control fungal diseases as an alternative to fungicides became an urgent need. From a total of 60 epiphytic yeasts, 10 were assessed in vitro against B. cinerea and selected isolates showing antagonism were evaluated for their ability to suppress the grey mould in vivo. On Petri plates, the most promising strains (three strains of Aureobasidium pullulans, one Cryptococcus flavescens, and one Citeromyces matritensis) showed a zone of inhibition against the pathogen fungus not exceeding 10 mm. In vivo, these isolates showed a remarkable antifungal activity since they significantly reduced disease severity on apples from 63% to 95% compared to the control. In conclusion, the work has demonstrated that the three strains, L7 of Aureobasidium pullulans, L2 of Citeromyces matritensis, and L10 of Cryptococcus flavescens, were highly effective and can be used as potential biocontrol agents in controlling the post-harvest decay of apples caused by B. cinerea.

scholarly journals Identification of new Trichoderma strains with antagonistic activity against Botrytis cinerea

2013 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Bogumił ◽  
Lidia Sas Paszt ◽  
Anna Lisek ◽  
Paweł Trzciński ◽  
Anton Harbuzov
Keyword(s):  
Botrytis Cinerea ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Grey Mould ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
Culture Technique ◽  
Dual Culture ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Trichoderma Spp ◽  
Indole 3 Acetic Acid

ABSTRACT The antagonistic activity of 52 isolates of Trichoderma spp. against Botrytis cinerea was tested in in vitro conditions using the dual culture technique. The results revealed that all of the Trichoderma isolates had the ability to inhibit the mycelial growth of grey mould. The percentage reduction in the growth of Botrytis cinerea after six days of incubation at 25ºC varied between 45-78%. The isolates Tr43 and Tr52 showed the highest antagonistic activity (Tr43 - 76%; Tr52 - 78%). Biochemical and molecular identification indicated that both isolates were T. atroviride. The isolates showed differences in the utilisation of 11 to 96 different carbon sources. Additional biochemical tests revealed the ability of Tr43 and Tr52 to produce siderophores, indole-3-acetic acid and chitinases. Neither of the isolates gave positive results regarding phosphate solubilisation on Pikovskaya’s medium.

scholarly journals Screening of Lactic Acid Bacteria for the Bio-Control of Botrytis cinerea and the Potential of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum for Eco-Friendly Preservation of Fresh-Cut Kiwifruit

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 773
Author(s):  
Nicola De Simone ◽  
Vittorio Capozzi ◽  
Maria Lucia Valeria de Chiara ◽  
Maria Luisa Amodio ◽  
Samira Brahimi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Lactic Acid Bacteria ◽  
Botrytis Cinerea ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
Climacteric Fruit ◽  
Grey Mold

Botrytis cinerea, responsible for grey mold, represents the first biological cause of fruit and vegetable spoilage phenomena in post-harvest. Kiwifruit is a climacteric fruit particularly prone to this mold infestation during storage. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are food-grade bacteria that can synthesize several metabolites with antimicrobial activity and are, therefore, suggested as promising and eco-friendly resources for the bio-control of molds on fruits and vegetables. In this work, we propose the screening of a collection of 300 LAB previously isolated from traditional sourdoughs for their ability to counteract in vitro the growth of Botrytis cinerea CECT 20973. Only 2% of tested LAB strains belonging to Lactiplantibacillus plantarum species, exerted a strong antagonism against B. cinerea. The cell-free supernatants were partially characterized and results clearly indicated that high levels of lactic acid contributed to the antagonistic activity. PAN01 and UFG 121 cell-free supernatants were investigated as potential bio-control agents in a preliminary in vivo assay using freshly cut kiwifruits as a food model. The application of cell-free supernatants allowed to delay the growth of B. cinerea on artificially contaminated kiwifruits until two weeks. The antagonistic activity was greatly affected by the storage temperature (25 °C and 4 °C) selected for the processed fruits, suggesting the importance to include microbial-based solution in a broader framework of hurdle technologies.

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