Routine methods of laboratory studies of intestinal microbiota: role and place in clinical practice

2022 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 5
Author(s):  
L.A. Kornoukhova ◽  
V.L. Emanuel ◽  
N.L. Denisov
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Intestinal Microbiota ◽  
Laboratory Studies

The Existence of the Borderline Diagnosis: Studies on Diagnostic Validity

1982 ◽  
Vol 27 (7) ◽  
pp. 585-592 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul S. Links
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Close Relationships ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Diagnostic Validity ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
Follow Up Studies ◽  
Initial Support ◽  
Borderline Diagnosis ◽  
Five Phases

The author discusses the validity of the borderline concept in terms of the recent empirical research. Five phases of exploration are reviewed; namely, clinical descriptions, laboratory studies, delineation from other disorders, follow-up studies, and family studies. These data are related to the current status of the diagnosis for clinical practice and to areas warranting further research. The conclusions reached show initial support for the validity of the borderline diagnosis. Descriptively, the literature tends to characterize these patients as having impulsivity, heightened affect, mild psychotic reactions and disturbed close relationships. Speculation about possible etiologies is felt to be premature and the identification of meaningful subgroups of patients within this syndrome is not yet possible. Further research using the objective scales in well-defined samples is felt to be required, as are family and prospective follow-up studies.

scholarly journals Novel molecular biomarkers and diagnosis of acute appendicitis in children

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah VL Hodge ◽  
Beata Mickiewicz ◽  
Matthew Lau ◽  
Craig N Jenne ◽  
Graham C Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Precision Medicine ◽  
Patient Outcomes ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
Diagnostic Strategy ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
Suspected Appendicitis ◽  
Diagnosis And Prognosis ◽  
Diagnostic Sensitivity And Specificity

Reliable and efficient diagnosis of pediatric appendicitis is essential for the establishment of a clinical management plan and improvement of patient outcomes. Current strategies used to diagnose a child presenting with a suspected appendicitis include laboratory studies, clinical scores and diagnostic imaging. Although these modalities work in conjunction with each other, one optimal diagnostic strategy has yet to be agreed upon. The recent introduction of precision medicine techniques such as genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics and metabolomics has increased both the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of appendicitis. Using these novel strategies, the integration of precision medicine into clinical practice via point-of-care technologies is a plausible future. These technologies would assist in the screening, diagnosis and prognosis of pediatric appendicitis.

scholarly journals Methods for early diagnosis of Parkinson’s disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 62-67
Author(s):  
Maksim B. Kidalov ◽  
Elena V. Savchenko
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
High Probability ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Preventive Therapy ◽  
Motor Disorders ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Parkinsons Disease ◽  
Olfactory Test

Currently, the diagnosis of Parkinsons disease is carried out mainly on the ground of clinical picture. However, long before the development of motor disorders, a number of signs characteristic of parkinsonism can be detected. The review of the literature presents methods to detect non-motor disorders that can be considered as predictors of the disease and it also discusses the issue of the laboratory studies of specific biomarkers for early diagnosis. We suggested to use the combination of olfactory test and questionnaire about vegetative disorders as the most relevant solution for clinical practice. It is recommended to interpret the test data as a sign of extremely high probability of the development of clinical manifestations of Parkinsons disease, and, therefore, as a reason to start preventive therapy.

scholarly journals FECAL CALPROTECTIN AND MICROBIOTA OF THE GUT

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 145-149
Author(s):  
Богородская ◽  
Svetlana Bogorodskaya ◽  
Чашкова ◽  
Elena Chashkova ◽  
Горохова ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Intestinal Microbiota ◽  
Bowel Disease ◽  
Fecal Calprotectin ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel

Analysis of the literature and our research showed that an imbalance of the intestinal microbiota is associated with many diseases. We present some of the mechanisms of disease. Using non-invasive, simple, affordable method of deter-mination of fecal calprotectin reveals the presence and progression of chronic non-specific inflammatory bowel disease, and can be widely used in clinical practice

scholarly journals Meningovascular neurosyphilis: a report of stroke in a young adult

Medicina ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antanas Vaitkus ◽  
Eglė Krasauskaitė ◽  
Inga Urbonavičiūtė
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Diagnostic Yield ◽  
Difficult Problem ◽  
Clinical Suspicion ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
Young Adult Patient ◽  
Ischemic Infarct

A young adult patient with meningovascular neurosyphilis in the form of acute ischemic stroke with right hemiparesis and speech disturbance is reported. CT scan showed features of ischemic infarct and extensive laboratory studies were made before the diagnosis ultimately was revealed. Such cases could result in confusion for the clinician, and high index of clinical suspicion of this condition is required since syphilis is not routinely tested, as routine screening is seen to be of low diagnostic yield. As clinical practice indicates, it remains a difficult problem approaching diagnosis of neurosyphilis, and this is achieved through exclusion of neurosyphilis as a clinical possibility.

scholarly journals The effects of eye movements and alternative dual tasks on the vividness and emotionality of negative autobiographical memories: A meta-analysis of laboratory studies

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 204380872090774 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sanne T. L. Houben ◽  
Henry Otgaar ◽  
Jeffrey Roelofs ◽  
Harald Merckelbach ◽  
Peter Muris
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Eye Movements ◽  
Memory Retrieval ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
Autobiographical Memories ◽  
Dual Tasks ◽  
The Impact

Performing eye movements during memory retrieval is considered to be important for the therapeutic effect of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR). We conducted a meta-analysis of laboratory studies that compared the effects of eye movements and/or alternative dual tasks (e.g., counting) on the vividness and emotionality of negative autobiographical memories with recall only (control) conditions. The databases PsycINFO and Web of Science were queried. Fifteen studies that involved 942 participants were included. Eye movements and alternative dual tasks produced similar vividness and emotionality decreases, with the impact on vividness being strong than that on emotionality. However, eye movements yielded a stronger overall vividness reduction than alternative dual tasks, although the associated effect size was small (Cohen’s d = .29). Because eye movements and alternative dual tasks produced comparable effects, one might conclude that both tasks are therapeutic equivalents. However, it should be acknowledged that only a limited number of laboratory studies were included in our meta-analysis, and the degree to which both procedures tax working memory was not independently established. Although our conclusion cannot be generalized to clinical practice, it does raise questions about the mode of action of EMDR.

scholarly journals A Review of Collagen Cross-Linking in Cornea and Sclera

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Zhang ◽  
Xiang-chen Tao ◽  
Jian Zhang ◽  
Zhi-wei Li ◽  
Yan-yun Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Future Application ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
Infectious Keratitis ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
The Past ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
Minimal Invasion ◽  
Collagen Cross Linking

Riboflavin/UVA cross-linking is a technique introduced in the past decades for the treatment of keratoconus, keratectasia, and infectious keratitis. Its efficacy and safety have been investigated with clinical and laboratory studies since its first clinical application by Wollensak for the treatment of keratoconus. Although its complications are encountered during clinical practice, such as infection inducing risk, minimal invasion merits a further investigation on its future application in clinical practice. Recently, collagen cross-linking in sclera shows a promising prospect. In present study, we summarized the representative studies describing the clinical and laboratory application of collagen cross-linking published in past decades and provided our opinion on the positive and negative results of cross-linking in the treatment of ophthalmic disorders.

scholarly journals Diseases Associated with Disturbed Intestinal Microbiota

Doctor Ru ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 40-45
Author(s):  
V.O. Kaibysheva ◽  
◽  
M.E. Zharova ◽  
K.Yu. Filimendikova ◽  
E.L. Nikonov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Intestinal Microbiota ◽  
Faecal Microbiota ◽  
Faecal Microbiota Transplantation ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Key Points ◽  
Autistic Disorders

Objective of the Review: To discuss changes in intestinal microbiota in various diseases. Key Points. Microbial intestinal imbalance plays an important role in pathogenesis and/or progression of a number of diseases, namely of Clostridium difficile-associated disorders, intestinal inflammations, obesity, colorectal cancer, autistic disorders and other. Moreover, therapies involving faecal microbiota transplantation, use of pro- and prebiotics, metabiotics proved efficient in management of some of the above disorders. Conclusion. So far, some mechanisms have been explored which explain possible participation of intestinal microbiota in pathogenesis of colorectal cancer, intestine inflammation, type 2 diabetes milletus, and hepatic disorders. Still, additional information is required to allow using available facts in clinical practice. Keywords: microbiota, microbiome, faecal microbiota transplantation, probiotics.

scholarly journals Clinical observation of a patient with chronic heart failure after mesenchymal stem cell implantation in outpatient conditions

2021 ◽  
pp. 131-139
Author(s):  
O. L. Nikiforova ◽  
L. N. Prikhodko ◽  
P. N. Kovalchuk
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Chronic Heart Failure ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cell ◽  
Clinical Observation ◽  
Laboratory Studies ◽  
Cell Implantation

The article presents a case of a successful application of mesenchymal stem cells in clinical practice and provides an analysis of literature sources on this topic, clinical data, and results of laboratory studies.

scholarly journals Bacterial overgrowth syndrome with hyperammonemia as a cause of cognitive disorders

2021 ◽  
pp. 79-87
Author(s):  
L. G. Vologzhanina ◽  
E. N. Borodina ◽  
O. A. Igumnova ◽  
A. A. Trapeznikova
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Intestinal Microbiota ◽  
Clinical Observation ◽  
Bacterial Overgrowth ◽  
Cognitive Disorders ◽  
Capillary Blood ◽  
The Brain

The growth of cognitive impairment (CI) in clinical practice makes us search for their new pathogenetic mechanisms, among which the effect of intestinal microbiota on the brain is currently being actively studied. The mechanisms of interaction of the axis “brain - microbiota” have not been completely studied. The aim of this study was to confirm the possible effect on the brain of the neurotoxin ammonia, which rises in the blood due to the syndrome of excessive bacterial growth (SIBO). Materials and methods: The article presents data from a clinical observation, which included an examination of 70 patients of the gastrocenter in Perm with dyspepsia syndrome, who studied changes in the intestinal microbiota, the level of ammonia of capillary blood, and cognitive impairment, and conducted a correlation analysis. Results: According to the results of a statistical analysis of the obtained data, we did not find any significant changes or significant correlations between the studied parameters. However, the identified tendency in the connection “SIBO - hyperammonemia - cognitive impairment” suggests that the presence of SIBO can aggravate the severity of not only existing gastroenterological manifestations, but also be a risk factor for hyperammonemia, as well as contribute to the formation of impaired human cognitive functions.

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